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# BOM Local Service
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A local caching service for Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) radar data, designed to provide a reliable API for Home Assistant integrations and other local services.
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## Background
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The Australian Bureau of Meteorology's radar API endpoint (`https://api.weather.bom.gov.au/v1/radar/capabilities`) stopped working in December 2024, returning errors. This broke integrations like the popular [bom-radar-card](https://github.com/Makin-Things/bom-radar-card) for Home Assistant, which can no longer render due to the Cross-Origin Request Blocked error.
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The issue was reported in [GitHub issue #40](https://github.com/Makin-Things/bom-radar-card/issues/40), where multiple users confirmed the card completely fails to render.
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This project was created to bridge that gap by:
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- Caching radar data from the BOM website
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- Storing it locally in a structured format
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- Providing a simple REST API for local services to consume
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- Automatically managing cache updates and cleanup
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## Features
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- 🌧️ **Automatic Cache Management**: Background service automatically updates radar data for all cached locations
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- 📊 **Historical Data**: Access historical radar frames across multiple time periods
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- 🎯 **Location-Based**: Support for any Australian suburb/state combination
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- 🖼️ **Image API**: Direct access to individual radar frame images
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- 🔄 **Auto-Refresh**: Configurable cache expiration and refresh intervals
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- 🧹 **Automatic Cleanup**: Old cache data is automatically purged based on retention settings
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- 🎨 **Demo SPA**: Built-in web interface for testing and demonstration
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- 🐳 **Easy Docker Deployment**: Quick setup with Docker
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## Architecture
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Built on ASP.NET Core 9.0, the service uses a service-oriented architecture with clear separation of concerns:
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### Core Services
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- **BomRadarService**: Main orchestrator that coordinates cache operations, browser automation, and data retrieval
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- **CacheService**: Manages file-based storage of radar screenshots and metadata in organized directory structures
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- **BrowserService**: Handles Playwright browser automation for headless browser sessions
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- **ScrapingService**: Performs web scraping operations using the browser service to navigate and capture radar data from the BOM website
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- **TimeParsingService**: Parses and converts time formats from BOM data
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- **DebugService**: Provides debug functionality for troubleshooting
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### Background Services
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- **CacheManagementService**: Periodically checks cache validity for all cached locations and triggers updates when data expires
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- **CacheCleanupService**: Removes cache files older than the configured retention period
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### API Layer
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- **RadarController**: REST endpoints for accessing radar data (`/api/radar/{suburb}/{state}`)
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- **CacheController**: REST endpoints for cache management operations (`/api/cache/{suburb}/{state}`)
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- **RadarTestController**: MVC controller serving the demo SPA at `/radar/{suburb}/{state}`
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## Building with Docker
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### Prerequisites
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- Docker Engine 20.10+ or Docker Desktop
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- Docker Compose v2.0+ (optional, for easier management)
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### Quick Start
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1. **Clone the repository**:
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```bash
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git clone <repository-url>
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cd bom-local-service
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```
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2. **Build the Docker image**:
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```bash
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docker build -t bom-local-service .
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```
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The build process uses a multi-stage Dockerfile:
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- **Build stage**: Compiles the .NET application
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- **Runtime stage**: Uses the official Playwright .NET image with browsers pre-installed
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- Sets up a virtual display (Xvfb) for headless browser operation
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3. **Run the container**:
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name bom-local-service \
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-p 8082:8080 \
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-v $(pwd)/cache:/app/cache \
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--shm-size=1gb \
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--ipc=host \
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bom-local-service
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```
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**Note**: The `--shm-size=1gb` and `--ipc=host` flags are important for Playwright to function correctly in Docker.
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### Using Docker Compose
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The included `docker-compose.yml` provides a convenient way to run the service with all configuration options:
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```bash
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docker-compose up -d
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```
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This will:
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- Build the image if it doesn't exist
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- Start the service on port 8082 (configurable via `HOST_PORT`)
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- Mount the `./cache` directory for persistent storage
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- Apply all environment variable configurations
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To view logs:
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```bash
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docker-compose logs -f
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```
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To stop the service:
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```bash
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docker-compose down
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```
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## Configuration
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All configuration can be done via environment variables, which override the default values in `appsettings.json`. The service uses ASP.NET Core's configuration system, which supports nested configuration via double underscores (`__`).
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### Environment Variables
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#### ASP.NET Core Configuration
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| Variable | Description | Default |
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|----------|-------------|---------|
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| `ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT` | Runtime environment (Development/Production) | `Production` |
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| `ASPNETCORE_URLS` | URLs the service listens on | `http://+:8080` |
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| `ENABLE_HTTPS_REDIRECTION` | Enable HTTPS redirection | `false` |
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#### Application Configuration
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| Variable | Description | Default | Example |
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|----------|-------------|---------|---------|
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| `CACHEDIRECTORY` | Directory path for cache storage | `/app/cache` | `/data/bom-cache` |
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| `CACHERETENTIONHOURS` | Hours to retain cached data before cleanup | `24` | `48` |
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| `CACHEEXPIRATIONMINUTES` | Minutes before cache is considered expired | `12.5` | `15` |
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| `TIMEZONE` | Timezone for time parsing (IANA format) | `Australia/Brisbane` | `Australia/Sydney` |
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#### Cache Management
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| Variable | Description | Default | Example |
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|----------|-------------|---------|---------|
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| `CACHEMANAGEMENT__CHECKINTERVALMINUTES` | Interval between cache validity checks | `5` | `10` |
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| `CACHEMANAGEMENT__INITIALDELAYSECONDS` | Delay before first cache check on startup | `10` | `30` |
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| `CACHEMANAGEMENT__UPDATESTAGGERSECONDS` | Delay between triggering cache updates | `2` | `5` |
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| `CACHEMANAGEMENT__LOCATIONSTAGGERSECONDS` | Delay between processing different locations | `1` | `2` |
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#### Cache Cleanup
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| Variable | Description | Default | Example |
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|----------|-------------|---------|---------|
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| `CACHECLEANUP__INTERVALHOURS` | Interval between cleanup runs | `1` | `2` |
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#### Screenshot Configuration
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| Variable | Description | Default | Example |
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|----------|-------------|---------|---------|
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| `SCREENSHOT__DYNAMICCONTENTWAITMS` | Milliseconds to wait for dynamic content to load | `2000` | `3000` |
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| `SCREENSHOT__TILERENDERWAITMS` | Milliseconds to wait for map tiles to render | `5000` | `7000` |
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#### Debug Configuration
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| Variable | Description | Default | Example |
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|----------|-------------|---------|---------|
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| `DEBUG__ENABLED` | Enable debug mode (saves debug screenshots) | `false` | `true` |
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| `DEBUG__WAITMS` | Additional wait time in debug mode | `2000` | `5000` |
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#### Docker Compose Port Configuration
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| Variable | Description | Default |
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|----------|-------------|---------|
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| `HOST_PORT` | Port on host machine to map to container | `8082` |
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| `CONTAINER_PORT` | Port inside container (usually 8080) | `8080` |
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### Configuration Examples
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#### Basic Configuration
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name bom-local-service \
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-p 8082:8080 \
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-v $(pwd)/cache:/app/cache \
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-e CACHERETENTIONHOURS=48 \
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-e CACHEEXPIRATIONMINUTES=15 \
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--shm-size=1gb \
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--ipc=host \
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bom-local-service
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```
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#### Custom Cache Directory
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name bom-local-service \
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-p 8082:8080 \
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-v /data/bom-cache:/app/cache \
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-e CACHEDIRECTORY=/app/cache \
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--shm-size=1gb \
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--ipc=host \
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bom-local-service
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```
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#### Development Mode with Debug
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```bash
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docker run -d \
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--name bom-local-service \
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-p 8082:8080 \
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-v $(pwd)/cache:/app/cache \
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-e ASPNETCORE_ENVIRONMENT=Development \
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-e DEBUG__ENABLED=true \
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-e DEBUG__WAITMS=5000 \
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--shm-size=1gb \
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--ipc=host \
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bom-local-service
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```
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#### Using docker-compose with Custom Settings
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Create a `.env` file in the project root:
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```env
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HOST_PORT=8082
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CACHERETENTIONHOURS=48
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CACHEEXPIRATIONMINUTES=15
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CACHEMANAGEMENT__CHECKINTERVALMINUTES=10
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TIMEZONE=Australia/Sydney
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```
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Then run:
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```bash
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docker-compose up -d
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```
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## API Documentation
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The service provides RESTful API endpoints for accessing radar data and managing the cache.
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### Base URL
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When running locally with default settings: `http://localhost:8082`
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### Endpoints
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#### Get Radar Data
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Get the latest radar frames for a location.
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```http
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GET /api/radar/{suburb}/{state}
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```
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**Parameters:**
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- `suburb` (path): Suburb name (e.g., "Brisbane")
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- `state` (path): State abbreviation (e.g., "QLD")
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**Response:**
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```json
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{
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"frames": [
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{
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"frameIndex": 0,
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"imageUrl": "/api/radar/Brisbane/QLD/frame/0",
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"minutesAgo": 0,
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"observationTime": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z"
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}
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],
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"observationTime": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z",
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"forecastTime": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z",
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"weatherStation": "Brisbane",
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"distance": "5.2 km",
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"cacheIsValid": true,
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"cacheExpiresAt": "2025-01-15T10:12:30Z",
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"isUpdating": false,
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"nextUpdateTime": "2025-01-15T10:12:30Z"
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}
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```
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**Status Codes:**
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- `200 OK`: Radar data available
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- `404 Not Found`: Cache is being generated (check response for retry information)
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- `400 Bad Request`: Invalid location parameters
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#### Get Frame Image
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Get a specific radar frame image.
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```http
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GET /api/radar/{suburb}/{state}/frame/{frameIndex}
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```
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**Parameters:**
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- `suburb` (path): Suburb name
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- `state` (path): State abbreviation
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- `frameIndex` (path): Frame index (0-6 for default 7 frames)
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- `cacheFolder` (query, optional): Specific cache folder name for historical data
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**Response:**
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- `200 OK`: PNG image
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- `404 Not Found`: Frame not found
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#### Get Metadata
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Get metadata about cached radar data.
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```http
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GET /api/radar/{suburb}/{state}/metadata
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```
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**Response:**
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```json
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{
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"lastUpdated": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z",
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"observationTime": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z",
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"forecastTime": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z",
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"weatherStation": "Brisbane",
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"distance": "5.2 km"
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}
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```
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#### Get Time Series
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Get historical radar data across multiple cache folders.
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```http
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GET /api/radar/{suburb}/{state}/timeseries?startTime={iso8601}&endTime={iso8601}
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```
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**Parameters:**
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- `suburb` (path): Suburb name
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- `state` (path): State abbreviation
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- `startTime` (query, optional): ISO 8601 start time (e.g., `2025-01-15T00:00:00Z`)
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- `endTime` (query, optional): ISO 8601 end time (defaults to now)
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**Response:**
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```json
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{
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"cacheFolders": [
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{
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"cacheFolderName": "Brisbane_QLD_20250115_100000",
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"cacheTimestamp": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z",
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"observationTime": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z",
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"frames": [
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{
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"frameIndex": 0,
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"imageUrl": "/api/radar/Brisbane/QLD/frame/0?cacheFolder=Brisbane_QLD_20250115_100000",
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"absoluteObservationTime": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z",
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"minutesAgo": 0
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"totalFrames": 7,
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"timeSpanMinutes": 60
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}
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```
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#### Get Cache Range
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Get information about available historical cache data.
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```http
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GET /api/cache/{suburb}/{state}/range
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```
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**Response:**
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```json
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{
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"oldestCache": {
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"cacheFolderName": "Brisbane_QLD_20250115_000000",
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"cacheTimestamp": "2025-01-15T00:00:00Z"
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},
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"newestCache": {
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"cacheFolderName": "Brisbane_QLD_20250115_100000",
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"cacheTimestamp": "2025-01-15T10:00:00Z"
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},
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"totalCacheFolders": 10,
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"timeSpanMinutes": 600
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}
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```
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#### Refresh Cache
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||||
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Manually trigger a cache update for a location.
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|
||||
```http
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POST /api/cache/{suburb}/{state}/refresh
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||||
```
|
||||
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||||
**Response:**
|
||||
```json
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{
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"updateTriggered": true,
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"cacheIsValid": false,
|
||||
"cacheExpiresAt": null,
|
||||
"nextUpdateTime": "2025-01-15T10:12:30Z",
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"message": "Cache update triggered"
|
||||
}
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```
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#### Delete Cache
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||||
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Delete cached data for a location.
|
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|
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```http
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DELETE /api/cache/{suburb}/{state}
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```
|
||||
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**Response:**
|
||||
```json
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{
|
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"message": "Cache deleted for Brisbane, QLD"
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||||
}
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||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### OpenAPI Documentation
|
||||
|
||||
When running in Development mode, OpenAPI documentation is available at:
|
||||
```
|
||||
http://localhost:8082/openapi/v1.json
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Demo SPA
|
||||
|
||||
The service includes a built-in Single Page Application (SPA) for testing and demonstration purposes. This provides a visual interface to:
|
||||
|
||||
- View radar frames in a slideshow
|
||||
- Test API endpoints
|
||||
- Configure playback settings
|
||||
- View historical data across extended time periods
|
||||
- Monitor cache status and update information
|
||||
|
||||
### Accessing the Demo
|
||||
|
||||
Navigate to:
|
||||
```
|
||||
http://localhost:8082/radar/{suburb}/{state}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Example:**
|
||||
```
|
||||
http://localhost:8082/radar/Brisbane/QLD
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Features
|
||||
|
||||
- **Slideshow Playback**: Play, pause, and navigate through radar frames
|
||||
- **Frame Navigation**: Use slider, buttons, or keyboard shortcuts (arrow keys, spacebar)
|
||||
- **Extended Timespans**: View historical data from 1 hour to 24 hours
|
||||
- **Custom Time Ranges**: Select specific start and end times for historical viewing
|
||||
- **Auto-Refresh**: Automatically checks for new data at configurable intervals
|
||||
- **Cache Status**: Real-time display of cache validity, expiration, and update status
|
||||
- **Settings Panel**: Configure frame intervals, refresh rates, and playback options
|
||||
|
||||
### Keyboard Shortcuts
|
||||
|
||||
- `←` / `→`: Navigate to previous/next frame
|
||||
- `Shift + ←` / `Shift + →`: Jump back/forward 10 frames
|
||||
- `Home` / `End`: Jump to first/last frame
|
||||
- `Space`: Play/pause slideshow
|
||||
|
||||
### Using the Demo for Integration Development
|
||||
|
||||
The demo SPA serves as a reference implementation demonstrating best practices for consuming the API. Key implementation patterns:
|
||||
|
||||
**Basic Radar Data Fetching**: The simplest pattern - fetch data and handle the case where cache is being generated:
|
||||
|
||||
```javascript
|
||||
async function getRadarData(suburb, state) {
|
||||
const response = await fetch(`http://localhost:8082/api/radar/${suburb}/${state}`);
|
||||
|
||||
if (response.status === 404) {
|
||||
// Cache is being generated - trigger refresh and show message
|
||||
const error = await response.json();
|
||||
if (error.refreshEndpoint) {
|
||||
// Trigger cache update in background
|
||||
fetch(error.refreshEndpoint, { method: 'POST' }).catch(() => {});
|
||||
}
|
||||
return { frames: [], message: `Cache being generated. Retry in ${error.retryAfter} seconds.` };
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (!response.ok) {
|
||||
throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return await response.json();
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Displaying Frames**: Frame objects include ready-to-use `imageUrl` properties:
|
||||
|
||||
```javascript
|
||||
const radarData = await getRadarData('Brisbane', 'QLD');
|
||||
if (radarData.frames && radarData.frames.length > 0) {
|
||||
// Display first frame
|
||||
document.getElementById('radar-image').src = radarData.frames[0].imageUrl;
|
||||
|
||||
// Or loop through all frames for animation
|
||||
radarData.frames.forEach((frame, index) => {
|
||||
console.log(`Frame ${index}: ${frame.imageUrl} (${frame.minutesAgo} min ago)`);
|
||||
});
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Historical Data**: Fetch extended time series by specifying a time range:
|
||||
|
||||
```javascript
|
||||
async function getHistoricalRadar(suburb, state, hoursBack = 3) {
|
||||
const endTime = new Date();
|
||||
const startTime = new Date(endTime.getTime() - (hoursBack * 60 * 60 * 1000));
|
||||
|
||||
const response = await fetch(
|
||||
`/api/radar/${suburb}/${state}/timeseries?startTime=${startTime.toISOString()}&endTime=${endTime.toISOString()}`
|
||||
);
|
||||
|
||||
if (!response.ok) {
|
||||
throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const data = await response.json();
|
||||
// Flatten frames from all cache folders
|
||||
const allFrames = data.cacheFolders.flatMap(folder => folder.frames);
|
||||
return allFrames;
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Auto-Refresh with Error Handling**: Implement periodic updates that handle API downtime:
|
||||
|
||||
```javascript
|
||||
let refreshInterval;
|
||||
|
||||
function startAutoRefresh(suburb, state, intervalSeconds = 30) {
|
||||
refreshInterval = setInterval(async () => {
|
||||
try {
|
||||
const data = await getRadarData(suburb, state);
|
||||
if (data.frames && data.frames.length > 0) {
|
||||
updateDisplay(data);
|
||||
}
|
||||
} catch (error) {
|
||||
console.error('Failed to refresh:', error);
|
||||
// Optionally stop auto-refresh on persistent errors
|
||||
}
|
||||
}, intervalSeconds * 1000);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Start auto-refresh
|
||||
startAutoRefresh('Brisbane', 'QLD', 30);
|
||||
|
||||
// Stop auto-refresh
|
||||
if (refreshInterval) {
|
||||
clearInterval(refreshInterval);
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
The complete implementation with all patterns is available in `Views/RadarTest/Index.cshtml` for reference.
|
||||
|
||||
## Usage Examples
|
||||
|
||||
### Home Assistant Integration
|
||||
|
||||
To use this service with Home Assistant, you'll need to create a custom integration or use a REST sensor. Here's a basic example:
|
||||
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
# configuration.yaml
|
||||
rest:
|
||||
- sensor:
|
||||
name: "BOM Radar Brisbane"
|
||||
resource: "http://localhost:8082/api/radar/Brisbane/QLD"
|
||||
value_template: "{{ value_json.frames[0].imageUrl }}"
|
||||
scan_interval: 300
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### cURL Examples
|
||||
|
||||
**Get latest radar data:**
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
curl http://localhost:8082/api/radar/Brisbane/QLD
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Get specific frame image:**
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
curl http://localhost:8082/api/radar/Brisbane/QLD/frame/0 -o frame.png
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Trigger cache refresh:**
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
curl -X POST http://localhost:8082/api/cache/Brisbane/QLD/refresh
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Get historical data (last 3 hours):**
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
curl "http://localhost:8082/api/radar/Brisbane/QLD/timeseries?startTime=2025-01-15T07:00:00Z"
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
## Troubleshooting
|
||||
|
||||
### Service Won't Start
|
||||
|
||||
- **Check Docker logs**: `docker logs bom-local-service`
|
||||
- **Verify port availability**: Ensure port 8082 (or your configured port) is not in use
|
||||
- **Shared memory configuration**: The docker-compose.yml includes `shm_size: '1gb'` and `ipc: host` which are required for Playwright. If running with `docker run`, ensure you include:
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
docker run --shm-size=1gb --ipc=host ...
|
||||
```
|
||||
- **Browser launch failures**: If Playwright browsers fail to launch, check for seccomp security restrictions. You may need to add `--security-opt seccomp:unconfined` (though this is generally not needed with the included configuration)
|
||||
|
||||
### No Radar Data Available
|
||||
|
||||
- **Wait for initial cache**: First request triggers cache generation, which takes 30-60 seconds
|
||||
- **Check location format**: Ensure suburb and state are correctly formatted (e.g., "Brisbane", "QLD")
|
||||
- **Verify cache directory**: Check that the cache volume is mounted and writable
|
||||
- **Check logs**: Look for errors in browser automation or data capture
|
||||
|
||||
### Images Not Loading
|
||||
|
||||
- **Verify frame URLs**: Check that frame image URLs are correctly formatted
|
||||
- **Check cache status**: Use `/api/cache/{suburb}/{state}/range` to verify cache exists
|
||||
- **Browser automation issues**: Check logs for Playwright errors
|
||||
|
||||
### Playwright Resource Usage
|
||||
|
||||
Playwright browsers (Chromium) can consume significant CPU and memory:
|
||||
|
||||
**Limit CPU Cores**: Add CPU limits to your docker-compose.yml:
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
services:
|
||||
bom-local-service:
|
||||
deploy:
|
||||
resources:
|
||||
limits:
|
||||
cpus: '1.0' # Limit to 1 CPU core
|
||||
reservations:
|
||||
cpus: '0.5' # Reserve 0.5 cores
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Or with `docker run`:
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
docker run --cpus="1.0" ...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Common Playwright + Docker Issues**:
|
||||
|
||||
- **Browser crashes with "out of memory"**: Ensure `shm_size: '1gb'` is set. Chromium uses `/dev/shm` for shared memory, and the default 64MB is insufficient.
|
||||
- **High CPU usage during idle**: This is normal - Playwright browsers can consume CPU even when idle. Consider reducing `CACHEMANAGEMENT__CHECKINTERVALMINUTES` to check less frequently.
|
||||
- **Browser processes not terminating**: Check logs for stuck browser processes. The service includes cleanup logic, but you may need to restart the container if processes hang.
|
||||
- **"Protocol error" or connection failures**: Usually indicates insufficient shared memory or IPC namespace issues. Verify `ipc: host` is set in docker-compose.yml.
|
||||
|
||||
**Optimize Cache Settings**:
|
||||
- **Reduce retention**: Lower `CACHERETENTIONHOURS` to keep less data on disk
|
||||
- **Increase cleanup frequency**: Lower `CACHECLEANUP__INTERVALHOURS` to clean up more often
|
||||
- **Limit locations**: The service automatically manages all cached locations; reduce the number of locations being cached to lower resource usage
|
||||
|
||||
## Development
|
||||
|
||||
### Building Locally
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
dotnet restore
|
||||
dotnet build
|
||||
dotnet run
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
### Debug Mode
|
||||
|
||||
Enable debug mode to save intermediate screenshots during data capture:
|
||||
|
||||
```bash
|
||||
docker run -e DEBUG__ENABLED=true -e DEBUG__WAITMS=5000 ...
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Debug screenshots are saved in `{CACHEDIRECTORY}/debug/`.
|
||||
|
||||
## License
|
||||
|
||||
MIT License - see [LICENSE](LICENSE) file for details.
|
||||
|
||||
## Contributing
|
||||
|
||||
This is a hobby project, but contributions are welcome! Feel free to open issues or submit pull requests.
|
||||
|
||||
## Acknowledgments
|
||||
|
||||
- Inspired by the [bom-radar-card](https://github.com/Makin-Things/bom-radar-card) project
|
||||
- Built with [Playwright](https://playwright.dev/) for browser automation
|
||||
- Uses [ASP.NET Core](https://dotnet.microsoft.com/) for the web framework
|
||||
|
||||
## Disclaimer
|
||||
|
||||
This project is intended for **local, personal use only**. The radar data and images cached by this service are the property of the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) and are subject to copyright.
|
||||
|
||||
**Important Notes:**
|
||||
- This service is designed to run on your local network for personal use
|
||||
- Do not redistribute or republish BOM radar data or images
|
||||
- Respect BOM's terms of service and data usage policies
|
||||
- The service caches publicly available data for local consumption only
|
||||
- This project is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology
|
||||
|
||||
For official BOM data and services, visit [bom.gov.au](https://www.bom.gov.au/).
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user