Test suite rebuild (#11322)

* docs(nodedb): make the native node cap unambiguous

The native node cap was stated in four places that disagreed, and the disagreement
already caused a wrong diagnosis: a saturated 200-node database looked arithmetically
impossible because the cap had been read as 248, computed from a header that does not
apply on this platform. The real value is 198.

On portduino MAX_NUM_NODES is not a compile-time constant at all - the variant defines
it as `portduino_config.MaxNodes`, resolved at runtime, default 200 and settable per
host with `General: MaxNodes`. variant.h is reached before mesh-pb-constants.h, so that
header's ARCH_PORTDUINO branch never fires and its plausible-looking 250 is dead code.

- #error-guard the dead branch rather than leave a wrong number where people grep. The
  guard found a real defect: seven translation units reach mesh-pb-constants.h without
  configuration.h (SerialConsole.cpp, StreamAPI.cpp, PacketAPI.cpp, ServerAPI.cpp,
  PiWebServer.cpp, ServiceEnvelope.cpp, MeshtasticOTA.cpp, and test/TestUtil.cpp), so
  each was compiling with a different MAX_NUM_NODES - and therefore a different
  PACKETHISTORY_MAX - than the rest of the build. Each now includes configuration.h
  first. It cannot be included from mesh-pb-constants.h itself: that reaches
  SerialConsole.h through DebugConfiguration.h and closes a cycle.
- Name the bare 250 in getMaxNodesAllocatedSize() NODEDB_MIGRATION_LOAD_CEILING. It is a
  decode allowance for files written by larger-cap firmware, not a cap, and it read like
  one.
- Fix docs/node_info_stores.md, which named the wrong source and a "10-250" range that
  is wrong for native, and the copilot-instructions tunables line that said "portduino
  250".

* test(harness): give each suite its own scratch HOME and report leftovers

Native suites shared one directory. Every suite that constructs a NodeDB loads and
saves ~/.portduino/default/prefs/ - nodes.proto, config.proto, channels.proto,
module.proto, device.proto, warm.dat, transmit_history.dat - and nothing cleared it,
so state leaked suite -> suite within a run and run -> every run after it. A test run
could also rewrite a real meshtasticd node database on the same machine.

Per-run isolation does not fix this: the leak is generated inside a single run, so the
boundary has to be per suite.

bin/pio-test-isolate.sh runs each suite in its own scratch $HOME, registered as
test_testing_command for env:native and env:coverage so a bare `pio test` and CI get the
same boundary, not just bin/run-tests.sh. It runs the binary unchanged and exits with its
exit code, so PlatformIO's pass/fail is untouched. Overriding HOME here rather than
around `pio` also sidesteps the blocker that a bare HOME= breaks pio's own
~/.platformio/penv/bin/pio lookup.

Leftovers are reported as a second axis, PASS/FAIL x CLEAN/DIRTY, because an unintended
write has no matching assertion by definition - nobody writes TEST_ASSERT for a save they
do not know is happening. The harness asserts it from outside, so it applies to every
suite without the author opting in.

- Only the *set of changed paths* is asserted, never contents. Hashes answer the boolean
  "did this change?" and nothing more; content baselines over protobuf bytes would churn
  on every NodeInfoLite field added, which is how snapshot suites become noise.
- Deliberate writes are declared in test/state-manifest.tsv - one central file, suite /
  flags / mandatory reason. run-tests.sh prints the opt-out count on every run.
- Granularity follows the state flag, so the two ship together: per-test by default
  (TestUtil redefines RUN_TEST to checkpoint after each test, naming the exact test that
  dirtied things), suite boundary for state=per-suite, where carrying state across test
  cases is the declared behaviour.
- A declared write that does NOT happen is reported as MISSING, not folded into DIRTY. It
  catches silently broken persistence; a warning for now, since some are conditional.
- Graded AMBER, not RED. With isolation in place DIRTY means "undeclared", not
  "dangerous", and a check that lands red on day one gets switched off.

Guard the guard, both halves: state_assert_empty() refuses to run a suite against a
sandbox that is not empty (otherwise the after-diff measures against the wrong baseline
and reports CLEAN while meaning nothing), and bin/test-state-check.sh drives the real
wrapper with fixtures asserting CLEAN / CLEAN / DIRTY / MISSING plus both directions of
the empty assertion. A checker that silently matches everything would otherwise pass
forever.

--write-manifest proposes entries for a human to paste and justify; it never applies
them, and neither does CI.

* test(harness): stop reporting Unity's exit code as a signal

A native suite ends in exit(UNITY_END()), and UNITY_END() returns the failure count.
PlatformIO's native runner reads that non-zero exit code as a POSIX signal number, so
four failures print "Program received signal SIGILL", five print "SIGTRAP", and the suite
is classified [ERRORED] rather than [FAILED].

There is no crash. The signal name tracks the failure count and nothing else - it moved
SIGILL -> SIGTRAP when a diagnostic probe added a fifth failure - and it cost hours of
hunting a memory bug that did not exist, on an env (native) that carries no sanitizer at
all. It also explains the phantom extra test case in the totals: the runner adds a
synthetic entry for the signal it thinks it saw.

run-tests.sh now says so inline whenever a signal line appears, and the three
agent-facing docs say it too.

* test(admin): isolate NodeDB and globals per test

setUp() did `if (!nodeDB) nodeDB = new NodeDB();` and never deleted it, so 83 of the 85
tests shared one never-reset database and never restored config, owner, devicestate or
channelFile. The fixture that does restore them was opt-in and armed by exactly two
tests. The setUp comment claiming the rest "set their own config/region state and are
unaffected" was not true - the admin handlers under test write all four globals.

Route every test through the fixture instead: setUp saves the globals and installs a
fresh NodeDB, tearDown restores and deletes it. The two tests that armed it themselves no
longer need to.

All 85 pass, so nothing was silently relying on the shared state. It costs about 7% of
the suite's runtime (a NodeDB construction is a loadFromDisk plus, with a region set, key
generation) - worth paying to write the phase 3 tests against a clean fixture rather than
83 tests' residue.

Also cap the per-test attribution in the run summary at five entries; the full list stays
in the suite's sandbox.

* test(fs): cover the bounded file-manifest walk

getFiles() runs on every phone sync via STATE_SEND_FILEMANIFEST, and nothing asserted any
of its bounding behaviour. It does execute unasserted from test_stream_api's handshakes,
but the cap, the depth limit, the wasLimited paths, overlong-path rejection and capacity
release were all unguarded.

Eight tests, all describing what the code does today: today's code is already correct
here, since #10778 landed the by-reference collectFiles(), the 64-entry cap, the strlcpy
bounds and the swap-idiom release. They pass on arrival, which is the point - this is the
baseline a later change has to leave alone.

Two things they do not cover, and cannot:

- Moving reserve() outside the __cpp_exceptions guard. Exceptions are on natively, so the
  #else branch is not compiled. The suite's job there is to prove that change alters
  nothing observable.
- The file.name() null guard. No in-tree backend returns null; the guard is defensive.

The manifest-release test pins the swap idiom rather than calling
PhoneAPI's releaseFilesManifest(), which is file-local. It asserts capacity() == 0, not
just size() == 0 - a size-only check passes on clear(), which is the bug #7924 shipped.

Suite count 43 -> 44, recounted against the directories rather than copied.

* test(admin): assert node-DB metadata saves skip the radio reload

set_favorite_node, set_ignored_node and toggle_muted_node each persist a NodeInfoLite bit
and nothing else. MeshService::reloadConfig() gates its region re-derivation and
configChanged notification on saveWhat & (SEGMENT_CONFIG | SEGMENT_CHANNELS), so a
SEGMENT_NODEDATABASE-only save already skips the live radio reconfigure.

Pure characterization - all three pass on develop. Worth pinning because that reconfigure
is the path implicated in the WisMesh Tag favourite-node crash, and develop asserts
nothing about it: widening the saveWhat mask or reordering the check would currently go
unnoticed.

Ported from the config-save series along with ConfigChangedCounter (an Observer<void *>
counting configChanged notifications, the only externally visible signal that the reload
branch was taken) and TEST_NODE_NUM. They join the existing suite, so no suite-count
change.

* refactor(menu): extract the mute toggle into a named function

The node menu's mute action was inline in a banner-callback lambda, and that lambda only
ever runs via screen->showOverlayBanner() - which is why nothing in MenuHandler.cpp was
reachable from a test. Lift the `selected == Mute` branch into
menuHandler::toggleNodeMuted(uint32_t) and call it from the lambda.

Behaviour-neutral by construction: same statements, same order, same bare saveToDisk().
The null check moves into the function, so the call site no longer needs its own lookup.
Verified by the native build and suite; the byte-identical-image check on a
headroom-constrained nRF52 board was not run locally - CI's firmware-size comment covers
it.

Three tests come with it, all describing today's behaviour:

- the bit flips both ways and no configChanged fires (develop never calls reloadConfig on
  this path);
- an unknown node is a no-op rather than a write;
- and the segment mask. Flipping one NodeInfoLite bit currently rewrites all five
  segments via bare saveToDisk(). That is asserted deliberately, with the comment naming
  it as characterization of a known defect: a pending fix narrows it to
  SEGMENT_NODEDATABASE, and when it lands this assertion is expected to change, which
  makes the improvement visible in the diff instead of silent.

saveToDisk() is not virtual, so the mask is observed through its effect - remove the five
prefs files, toggle, and see which reappear.

* docs(test): make every suite count a pointer to the canonical one

test/native-suite-count is the registered total and is machine-checked against test/test_*
on every full run and by the suite-count-check CI job. Every other statement of the count
is a copy that drifts: copilot-instructions said 12, AGENTS.md said 19, and the real
number is 44.

Replace both literals with a pointer to the file, say explicitly that no document should
state the count as a literal, and reframe the two suite listings as descriptions rather
than inventories - they carry per-suite information the count does not, so they stay, but
nothing should infer completeness from their length. Register the new FS suite in both.

* test(harness): randomise suite order, reproducibly

Landed last, deliberately. Randomising an order-dependent suite set does not find bugs so
much as convert a silent pass into intermittent red, and the first instinct is to revert
the randomisation rather than fix the coupling. Phases 1-2 removed the coupling; this
keeps it removed.

Both runners previously hid order dependence behind a fixed order that happened to differ
between them, and neither order was chosen: CI's area rules put admin first, PlatformIO's
local discovery is reverse alphabetical and put it last. CI was green by accident.

- bin/run-tests.sh --shuffle / --seed <n>. The seed defaults to HEAD's short SHA: one
  order per commit, so a red is replayable and attributable to the diff instead of flaky,
  while the project keeps exploring orders. Printed at the start and carried into the
  RESULT line, so a verdict is replayable from that line alone; the full order is printed
  on failure, because for an order-dependent failure the order is the diagnostic.
- The shuffle is a Fisher-Yates over a MINSTD generator rather than awk's rand(), whose
  sequence differs between gawk and mawk. A seed that does not reproduce the same order on
  another machine is not a seed.
- Shuffling needs one `pio test -f <suite>` invocation per suite - PlatformIO orders by
  its own os.walk() over test/ and filters only select - which measures at about 4.7s per
  suite of extra startup.
- CI shuffles its area order, seeded from GITHUB_SHA and printed with the command to
  replay it locally. Intra-area order stays PlatformIO's; controlling it there would mean
  per-suite invocations, which is a cost worth deciding separately.

Also records the 16 measured entries in test/state-manifest.tsv, each with its reason,
taken from a full run's --write-manifest output rather than guessed.

* test(default): cover the region-throttle interval overload

getConfiguredOrDefaultMsScaled(configured, default, nodes, TrafficType) is the overload
every telemetry and position module actually calls, and nothing referenced TrafficType
anywhere under test/. All four of its behaviours were unguarded: the no-region guard, the
throttle <= 1 short-circuit, the multiply, and the 64-bit overflow clamp.

The throttles are real, not hypothetical - EU_866 carries PROFILE_LITE, which sets both
positionThrottle and telemetryThrottle to 10, so a change here moves broadcast spacing in
that region by an order of magnitude.

Each test pins numOnlineNodes at the congestion threshold and uses ROUTER, which never
congestion-scales, so the coefficient is 1 and the throttle is the only variable. The
overflow case needs a base above INT32_MAX/10, hence three days rather than one.

* ci(test): keep pull-request suite order fixed, seed the rest

Shuffling the area order on every run - including pull_request - would turn a
contributor's PR red for an ordering they did not choose, which is how a randomisation
gets reverted instead of the coupling being fixed. That is the exact dynamic the ordering
work was sequenced last to avoid, and the previous commit walked straight into it.

- pull_request keeps the fixed declared area order.
- push and schedule shuffle, seeded from the commit SHA: deterministic per commit,
  printed, attributable, and never blocking someone else's PR.
- A suite_order_seed input on workflow_call and workflow_dispatch overrides both, so a
  specific failing order can be replayed anywhere, including on a PR.

The run log prints which mode it took, the resulting order, and the local command to
replay it.

* ci(test): satisfy CKV_GHA_7 and yamllint on the seed input

The seed is reachable through workflow_call, which callers can pass programmatically. The
workflow_dispatch copy tripped checkov's "workflow_dispatch inputs MUST be empty" rule,
and suppressing it was not worth it: replaying a specific order is a local operation, and
the run log already prints the exact bin/run-tests.sh command to do it.

* style(menu): apply the node-ID format convention

RadioInterface.cpp documents the rule: 0x%08x in logs, !%08x in user-facing
display. MenuHandler held every remaining exception - seven logs printing bare
%08X, and two display labels doing the same.

Repo-wide there are now no bare %08X node IDs left in log calls.

* ci(test): pass workflow inputs through env, not shell interpolation

suite_order_seed and github.event_name were spliced into the run: script as
${{ }} text, so a value carrying shell metacharacters would execute as code on
the runner rather than being read as data. semgrep (run-shell-injection) and
zizmor (template-injection) both flag it.

Both now arrive as environment variables and are read as "$VAR".

* refactor(test): share the seeded shuffle between the harness and CI

bin/run-tests.sh and test_native.yml each carried a byte-identical copy of the
MINSTD Fisher-Yates awk. The workflow prints "replay locally: ./bin/run-tests.sh
--shuffle --seed $seed" after a shuffled CI run, and that instruction is only
true while the two agree - drift would be announced by a replay quietly
reproducing a different order than the one that failed.

Extract shuffle_suites() to bin/lib/shuffle.sh and source it from both.
Permutations verified identical across seeds before and after the move.

* fix(test): correct the shared-state MISSING check and summary join

Three defects in the new harness:

state_classify() matched declarations two different ways - state_path_declared()
for "undeclared", a hand-rolled regex for "missing". Interpolating an entry into
an ERE also let a metacharacter in a manifest name match a file that is not the
declared one. Both directions now go through the one helper.

`paste -sd'; '` does not join with "; ": with -s, paste cycles through a
multi-character delimiter one character per join, so paths rendered as
"a;b c;d e". Replaced with an awk join.

test-state-check.sh ran on after a failed cd instead of stopping (SC2164).

./bin/test-state-check.sh: 6/6 fixtures pass, MISSING included.

* fix(portduino): bound General.MaxNodes

MaxNodes was validated only for <= 0. Any positive value, including a typo'd or
pasted-in one, propagates to MAX_NUM_NODES and scales both the node DB and the
nodes.proto decode ceiling - failing at boot with no obvious cause.

The ceiling is a sanity bound, not a capability limit; raise it if a host
genuinely needs more.

* docs(nodedb): reconcile the capacity tables

The property matrix omitted the ESP32-S3 100-node flash tier that the platform
table above it lists, and neither mentioned that the WASM build overrides
MaxNodes to 80 in wasm_config_apply().

* fix(nodedb): make mesh-pb-constants.h self-sufficient on portduino

The ARCH_PORTDUINO #error assumed it was unreachable in a normal build. It is
not: the vendored device-ui sources include this header without configuration.h,
which broke both native-tft docker builds.

Include configuration.h here instead, ahead of every compile-time default -
variant.h overrides MAX_RX_TOPHONE as well as MAX_NUM_NODES, so placing it lower
in the file just moves the divergence to a redefinition. The #error stays as a
backstop for the case where that include genuinely stops providing the cap.

Verified with the native env's own flags: a TU including only this header now
compiles, normal-order use of both macros compiles, and NodeDB.cpp compiles.

* fix(portduino): raise the MaxNodes ceiling to 16000

Marked artificial: nothing in the node DB fails at 16001. 16000 sits just under
the 16384 (128 x 128) population where HopScalingModule saturates its sampling
denominator and starts dropping nodes, so a host inside the bound still gets
meaningful hop recommendations.

* lint(trunk): advise on node IDs logged as bare %08x

RadioInterface.cpp documents the convention - 0x%08x in logs, !%08x in display -
but nothing enforced it, which is how the MenuHandler cluster drifted. 22 call
sites in PacketHistory, NodeInfoModule and PositionModule are still off it.

A trunk linter rather than a CI grep job, because trunk checks changed files:
new violations get flagged without a 22-site cleanup landing in an unrelated PR.
Modelled on the existing too-many-defined definition.

Scoped to values it can tell are IDs - an ID-shaped argument (->num, .from,
getNodeNum) or message text naming one. A 32-bit hex that is not an ID is out of
scope, so the CRC32 logs in ethOTA.cpp are correctly ignored.

Emits "note", trunk's only non-blocking level: "warning" and "info" both exit
non-zero and would gate CI, which is not what a log-format nit deserves. The
pre-existing sites are line-scoped in the allowlist, so a new bad call in those
same files is still caught.

* lint(trunk): stop exempting the known node-id-format sites

The seeded allowlist made the rule green by declaring the backlog acceptable.
Empty it instead, so the 22 pre-existing sites are reported and get cleaned up
by whoever next edits those files.

Costs nothing to do: the rule emits "note", so these are non-blocking either
way. The allowlist stays for its real purpose - a value the linter misreads as
an ID.

* style: log node and packet IDs as 0x%08x

Clears the 22 sites the node-id-format linter reports, so the rule starts from
zero rather than from a backlog nobody can see - trunk suppresses pre-existing
findings by default, so left alone these would not have surfaced on edit the way
an empty allowlist implies.

Format strings only; no argument or control flow changes. The !%08x
user-facing display forms are deliberately untouched - that is the other half of
the same convention.

* test(harness): build once up front, so suite timings mean something

run-tests.sh fused build and run in a single pio invocation, so whichever suite
PlatformIO's directory walk reached first absorbed the entire src compile and
reported it as its own duration. On a real run that made a 0.03s suite report
13m21s, and hid the build cost from every other number in the summary.

Do what .github/workflows/test_native.yml already does: one --without-testing
build pass, then run with --without-building. Measured on a full 44-suite run -
the build is now a single reported figure and 968 test cases execute in 1.9s,
with no suite above 0.084s.

Build output goes to its own log rather than $LOG: the outcome regexes match
"error:" and "[ERRORED]", so a compiler diagnostic sharing that file would read
as a test failure.

Both red paths now keep the log they quote from. $LOG and the build log are
mktemps the EXIT trap removes, so the three grepped lines were previously all
anyone ever saw - and the cause is usually further up than the first [FAILED].

* test(harness): keep the run log on every red path

bin/pio-test-isolate.sh already keeps a failing or DIRTY suite's sandbox and log
under .pio/test-state/<suite>/. What was missing is the cross-suite view: $LOG is
a mktemp the EXIT trap deletes, so run-tests.sh quoted three grepped lines from a
file that no longer existed by the time anyone looked.

Preserve it as .pio/build/<env>/test-failure.log from both red paths - including
"no success summary found", which said "see log" while preserving nothing, and
which is exactly the case where the build died before any suite ran and so left
no per-suite sandbox either.

Cleared at the start of every run, so a green run cannot leave a red one's log
lying around looking current.

* fix(test): report the real failure count on a shuffled red

A shuffled run is one `pio test` invocation per suite, all appending to the
same log, so the log carries one PlatformIO "N test cases:" summary per suite.
verdict_red() took `tail -1`, which reports whatever the LAST suite did: a
failure in suite 3 printed a "0 failed" summary from suite 44 directly under
"RED - failures detected:".

Sum the summaries instead. A single summary line - every unshuffled run - is
passed through verbatim, so the familiar output is byte-identical.

The patterns are passed to the awk helper as strings rather than /regex/
literals: awk evaluates a regex literal in argument position as `$0 ~ /re/`,
so the callee would receive 0 or 1 and silently sum garbage.

* fix(test): do not emit an empty suite name for an empty shuffle

`printf '%s\n' "$@"` with no arguments still writes one empty line, and both
callers read shuffle_suites through mapfile, so an empty suite list arrived as
a single suite named "". Return before the printf when there is nothing to
shuffle.

* test(harness): state and enforce the Linux host requirement

The native harness is a Linux tool: bash 4+ (mapfile), GNU coreutils and GNU
find (-printf, md5sum, -executable). Most of that predates this branch -
mapfile and both find predicates are already on develop - but none of it was
written down, so the requirement was there to be discovered rather than read.

Refuse to start on a non-Linux uname instead of degrading. On a BSD userland
this would not fail cleanly: it would mis-hash the sandbox and mis-read the
suite list, and still print a verdict. A state check that silently measures
the wrong thing is worse than one that declines to run.

Carrying a per-host fallback was the alternative, and it buys a second code
path that nothing in CI exercises. bin/test-native-docker.sh already exists
for macOS and non-Linux hosts, and the native-macos PlatformIO env is a build
target for meshtasticd, not a test host - the isolation wrapper is registered
for env:native and env:coverage only.

Documented in the script header, test/README.md, and both agent docs.

* fix(test): terminate every suite with exit(UNITY_END())

Two sites across two suites ended on a bare UNITY_END(). That ends the
reporting, not the suite: setup() returns, the runtime goes on calling loop(),
and the process runs forever. PlatformIO does not notice - it reports a suite
from its Unity output, not from process exit - so the suite passes, the run
goes green, and the binary stays resident. Thirteen of them had accumulated on
one dev box, the oldest 19 hours old.

The costs are quiet by construction:

- the per-suite sandbox is deleted underneath a live process, so its
  CLEAN/DIRTY verdict describes what the suite had written when the harness
  stopped looking, not what it left behind;
- .gcda coverage and LeakSanitizer's report both flush from atexit handlers,
  so a suite that never exits contributes no coverage and gets no leak check;
- each survivor pins its own deleted 94 MB binary, which du cannot see.

One of the two is the #else of an architecture guard, which is the easiest one
to get wrong - it looks like there is nothing to clean up. test_mqtt has a
correct exit(UNITY_END()) in its live branch, so a "does this file call exit()
anywhere" check passes the file whole.

test_serial had two more. develop's serial-config validation rework
restructured that suite - the architecture guard is gone and both remaining
branches now exit correctly - so this commit no longer has anything to change
there; bin/lint-unity-exit.sh, added later on this branch, is what keeps it
that way.

test/README.md gets a section on it, since the skeleton showing the right
shape had not stopped this happening.

* test(harness): detect and reap suites that outlive their run

A suite that never exits was invisible: PlatformIO reports a suite from its
Unity output, so the run stayed green while the binary kept running. Two
checks, because they fail differently.

Runtime, in bin/pio-test-isolate.sh: the sandbox $HOME is mktemp-unique per
suite, so any process still holding it is a survivor of that suite. Matching
on the environment rather than a remembered PID identifies one whatever its
parentage - a fork, a grandchild, a process already reparented to init - none
of which a $! comparison catches. Reaped before the after-fingerprint is
taken, so that fingerprint measures a tree nobody is still writing to, and so
a run cannot leave processes accumulating on the host. Recorded as a sixth
summary column and graded AMBER: the tests did pass, but the CLEAN verdict and
the coverage were measured under a false assumption.

Author-time, as bin/lint-unity-exit.sh, wired into trunk at "note" like
node-id-format: every UNITY_END() must be wrapped in exit(). The rule is per
occurrence, and that is the point - a file-level "calls exit() somewhere"
check passes test_serial and test_mqtt, which have a correct one in their live
branch and a bare one in the #else. Running it over the tree turned up
test_mqtt, which the file-level pass had missed.

It allows `int rc = UNITY_END(); ...; exit(rc)`, used by test_packet_signing
to restore globals between the summary and the exit. That is where the rule
gives ground: capturing and never exiting would leak and is not flagged.
Flagging a correct idiom would push someone to "fix" working code.

bin/test-state-check.sh gains a survivor fixture, asserting the wrapper both
reports and reaps - a detector that only reports leaves the host accumulating
processes, which is half the harm. 8/8.

* fix(lint): make the unity-exit scanner statement-aware

The rule judged one physical line at a time, which reports two kinds of correct
code as bare:

    /* a comment that happens to
       mention UNITY_END() */          <- interior lines were never stripped

    exit(
        UNITY_END());                  <- exit( and the macro never met

On a probe of both, two of three findings were wrong. This is a note-level rule
whose whole job is advice, and bin/lint-node-id-format.sh already says why that
matters: a false positive costs more than a miss. One that cries wolf gets
ignored, and the real finding goes with it.

Carry /* ... */ state across lines and accumulate logical statements before
testing, with a 12-line cap so one unclosed call cannot swallow the rest of the
file - the same structure lint-node-id-format.sh uses, so the two custom linters
in bin/ work alike rather than each having its own idea.

Verified both directions: the develop-era sources still produce the same four
findings, the fixed tree produces none, and a probe covering block-comment
interiors, wrapped exit(), line comments, return UNITY_END() and capture-then-
exit reports only the genuinely bare calls - including a complete block comment
followed by real bare code on the same line, which the state machine has to
keep live.

Reported by CodeRabbit on #11322.

* fix(lint): tokenise instead of pattern-matching, and self-test it

Second round of review findings on the same scanner, all confirmed by direct
test before changing anything. Six defects, one root cause: layered regexes
cannot tokenise C++.

False positives (correct code reported):
  - UNITY_END() inside a string literal read as code

False negatives (real leaks missed):
  - a string containing "/*" opened comment state and swallowed later lines
  - greedy .* removed everything between two block comments on one line,
    taking a bare call with it
  - myexit(UNITY_END()) matched the exit() exemption as a substring
  - x == UNITY_END() and total += UNITY_END() matched the assignment exemption

Replaced with a character-level scan carrying comment state, and token-bounded
exemptions: exit must be a whole identifier, and the capture form must be a
plain `=`. Raw string literals are still not modelled - there are none under
test/, and delimiter tracking for a case that does not occur would be untested
code guarding untested code, so it is documented rather than guessed at.

Also drops the `return UNITY_END()` exemption. It only terminates from main(),
there is no main() under test/, and from a helper it just returns a count.

bin/test-lint-unity-exit.sh pins all fifteen cases, every false positive and
false negative found in review among them. The rule has been wrong twice in a
way that looked fine by inspection; it needed a self-test more than it needed
another careful reading.

Two further findings in the same review:

  - bin/run-tests.sh dropped PASSTHRU in shuffled mode, so `--shuffle -vvv`
    built verbosely and then ran quietly. The shuffled loop now forwards
    EXTRA_ARGS, which is PASSTHRU minus the -f pair it supplies per suite.
  - bin/run-tests.sh did not guard `cd "$ROOT_DIR"`.

And one that did not reproduce: the survivor fixture's glob does find the pid
file (verified with the lookup instrumented - the earlier failure was an
artifact of running the script from /tmp, where SCRIPT_DIR cannot resolve).
The assertion was still weak, because an empty pid took the "not running"
branch and passed vacuously. It now fails if the pid was never recorded, and
finds the file by search rather than assuming a directory depth.

Reported by CodeRabbit on #11322.

* fix(lint): report each UNITY_END occurrence at its own location

The self-test only asked "did the linter say anything", so it could not have
caught a wrong line, a wrong column, or a missing second finding. Fixtures now
assert the exact diagnostics as line:col, and the first run of that assertion
found two real problems.

The caret pointed at the wrong occurrence. For `exit(UNITY_END()); UNITY_END();`
the verdict was right but the column was 17 - the wrapped call - because the
scanner stripped terminating forms out of the whole statement and then reported
the first occurrence it had seen. Two bare calls on one line reported once.

Judged per occurrence now, by looking back through whitespace at what wraps it,
so both the count and the caret are right. That also needed a position map from
strip_noncode(): removing a comment or collapsing a literal shifts every later
column, and counting occurrences in the raw line does not recover it either -
TEST_MESSAGE("... UNITY_END() ..."); UNITY_END(); has two occurrences in the raw
text and one in the code.

Four of the expected columns I wrote by hand were also wrong, off by one. The
linter was right in every case; the assertions were not. They are computed from
the fixture text now rather than pasted from output, because a baseline accepted
from the tool it is testing asserts nothing.

17 fixtures, including the two-on-one-line case from review and its mirror.

Reported by CodeRabbit on #11322.

bin/lib/shuffle.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# shellcheck shell=bash
+#
+# The seeded shuffle shared by bin/run-tests.sh and .github/workflows/test_native.yml. Sourced by
+# both so there is exactly one implementation; nothing here executes on its own.
+#
+# This has to live in one place. The workflow prints "replay locally: ./bin/run-tests.sh --shuffle
+# --seed $seed" after a CI shuffle, and that instruction is only true while CI and the local script
+# produce the same permutation for a seed. Two copies of the algorithm cannot be relied on to stay
+# byte-identical, and the way they'd announce their drift is a replay that quietly reproduces a
+# different order than the one that failed.
+
+# Deterministic Fisher-Yates over a MINSTD generator rather than awk's rand(), whose sequence
+# differs between gawk and mawk - a seed that does not reproduce the same order on another machine
+# is not a seed.
+shuffle_suites() {
+	local seed="$1"
+	shift
+	# Nothing in, nothing out. `printf '%s\n'` with no arguments still writes one empty line, and the
+	# callers read this through mapfile - so an empty suite list would arrive as a suite named "".
+	(($#)) || return 0
+	printf '%s\n' "$@" | awk -v seed="$seed" '
+		function rnd() { s = (s * 16807) % 2147483647; return s / 2147483647 }
+		BEGIN { s = seed % 2147483647; if (s <= 0) s += 2147483646 }
+		{ a[NR] = $0 }
+		END {
+			for (i = NR; i > 1; i--) { j = int(rnd() * i) + 1; t = a[i]; a[i] = a[j]; a[j] = t }
+			for (i = 1; i <= NR; i++) print a[i]
+		}'
+}

bin/lib/test-state.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+# shellcheck shell=bash
+#
+# Shared helpers for the native test harness's shared-state check. Sourced by
+# bin/pio-test-isolate.sh (which enforces it per suite) and bin/test-state-check.sh (which proves
+# the checker itself still works). Nothing here executes on its own.
+#
+# Linux-only, like the rest of the native harness: this uses GNU coreutils behaviour (`find -printf`,
+# md5sum) rather than carrying a per-host fallback. bin/run-tests.sh states and enforces that.
+#
+# The check answers one question: did this suite change any file it did not declare? It deliberately
+# does NOT compare file *contents* against a baseline. Content baselines over protobuf bytes are
+# snapshot tests - add a field to NodeInfoLite and every recorded hash in the repo churns, which is
+# how snapshot suites turn into an --update-all ritual and then into noise. Hashes are used only to
+# answer the boolean "did this change?"; what gets declared and reviewed is the set of paths.
+
+STATE_MANIFEST_DEFAULT="test/state-manifest.tsv"
+
+# Files the native binaries persist under $HOME. Listed for documentation and for the
+# --write-manifest hint; the scan itself is unfiltered, so a suite writing somewhere unexpected is
+# still caught.
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034 # referenced by callers and by the docs
+STATE_KNOWN_FILES="nodes.proto config.proto channels.proto module.proto device.proto warm.dat transmit_history.dat"
+
+# Guard the guard: refuse to run a suite against a sandbox that is not empty. If isolation ever
+# leaks, the after-diff measures against the wrong baseline and the whole check reports CLEAN while
+# meaning nothing - so before-empty is as load-bearing as after-diff. Returns non-zero and explains
+# itself rather than carrying on.
+state_assert_empty() {
+	local dir="$1"
+	if [[ -n $(find "$dir" -mindepth 1 -print -quit 2>/dev/null) ]]; then
+		echo "test-state: sandbox $dir is not empty before the suite ran - isolation is broken" >&2
+		return 1
+	fi
+	return 0
+}
+
+# Fingerprint every file under $1 as "<relative-path> <md5>", sorted. Empty output for an empty or
+# missing tree. Output is fed to comm/diff, so the sort order has to be stable across calls.
+#
+# GNU `find -printf` and md5sum(1), deliberately: this harness is Linux-only and bin/run-tests.sh
+# refuses to start anywhere else, so there is no host here that needs a BSD fallback.
+state_fingerprint() {
+	local root="$1"
+	[[ -d $root ]] || return 0
+	(
+		cd "$root" || return 0
+		find . -type f -printf '%P\n' 2>/dev/null | LC_ALL=C sort | while IFS= read -r rel; do
+			printf '%s %s\n' "$rel" "$(md5sum -- "$rel" 2>/dev/null | cut -d' ' -f1)"
+		done
+	)
+}
+
+# Processes still running inside the suite's sandbox $HOME. Prints one PID per line.
+#
+# A suite that ends on a bare UNITY_END() does not stop: setup() returns, the runtime keeps calling
+# loop(), and PlatformIO - which reports a suite from its Unity output, not from process exit -
+# moves on with the binary still resident. Nothing else notices, and the damage is quiet: the
+# sandbox gets deleted under a live process, so the after-fingerprint below describes what the suite
+# had written when we stopped looking rather than what it left behind, and .gcda plus LeakSanitizer
+# both flush from atexit handlers that never run.
+#
+# Matching on the environment rather than on a remembered PID is deliberate: the sandbox HOME is
+# mktemp-unique per suite, so this identifies survivors whatever their parentage - a fork, a
+# grandchild, a process already reparented to init - none of which a $! comparison would catch.
+# Scoped to this user's processes: /proc/<pid>/environ is unreadable for anyone else's anyway, and
+# the narrower sweep costs ~270ms against ~460ms for all of /proc.
+state_find_survivors() {
+	local home="$1" pid
+	[[ -n $home ]] || return 0
+	for pid in $(ps -u "$(id -u)" -o pid= 2>/dev/null); do
+		[[ $pid == "$$" ]] && continue
+		if tr '\0' '\n' <"/proc/$pid/environ" 2>/dev/null | grep -qxF "HOME=$home"; then
+			printf '%s\n' "$pid"
+		fi
+	done
+}
+
+# Paths present in the "after" fingerprint ($2) that are absent or different in "before" ($1).
+# Prints one relative path per line.
+state_changed_paths() {
+	local before="$1" after="$2"
+	LC_ALL=C comm -13 <(LC_ALL=C sort "$before") <(LC_ALL=C sort "$after") | awk '{print $1}' | LC_ALL=C sort -u
+}
+
+# Read a suite's flag string out of the manifest. Empty when the suite has no entry, which is the
+# default and means "isolated": fresh state in, contents discarded out.
+#
+# Manifest format - TSV, three columns, the same shape as an allowlist entry: the thing, what it is
+# allowed to do, and why. The reason column is mandatory and is what a reviewer reads.
+#
+#   test_nodedb_blocked<TAB>state=per-suite writes=nodes.proto<TAB>saturates the DB to test the cap
+state_manifest_flags() {
+	local suite="$1" manifest="${2:-$STATE_MANIFEST_DEFAULT}"
+	[[ -f $manifest ]] || return 0
+	awk -F'\t' -v s="$suite" '!/^[[:space:]]*#/ && $1 == s { print $2; exit }' "$manifest"
+}
+
+# Pull one flag's value out of a flag string: state_flag_value "writes" "state=per-suite writes=a,b"
+state_flag_value() {
+	local key="$1" flags="$2" f
+	for f in $flags; do
+		[[ $f == "$key="* ]] && {
+			printf '%s' "${f#"$key="}"
+			return 0
+		}
+	done
+	return 0
+}
+
+# Does a changed path match a declared write? A declaration matches either the full path relative to
+# the scratch HOME or just the basename, because the useful name for these is the basename
+# (`nodes.proto`) and nobody should have to write .portduino/default/prefs/ in front of it.
+state_path_declared() {
+	local path="$1" declared="$2" entry
+	IFS=',' read -ra _entries <<<"$declared"
+	for entry in "${_entries[@]}"; do
+		[[ -z $entry ]] && continue
+		[[ $path == "$entry" || ${path##*/} == "$entry" ]] && return 0
+	done
+	return 1
+}
+
+# Classify a suite's leftovers. Prints "<verdict>\t<detail>" where verdict is one of:
+#
+#   CLEAN    nothing changed, or everything that changed was declared
+#   DIRTY    at least one undeclared path changed - the finding this whole check exists for
+#   MISSING  every changed path was declared, but a declared path did NOT change
+#
+# MISSING is reported separately rather than folded into DIRTY because it catches the opposite bug:
+# persistence that silently stopped happening. That is a real class here - the TAK config bug
+# upstream was a has_ flag never being set, so the save wrote nothing and no test noticed. It starts
+# as a warning because some declared writes are legitimately conditional.
+state_classify() {
+	local changed="$1" declared="$2"
+	local undeclared=() missing=() path entry found
+
+	while IFS= read -r path; do
+		[[ -z $path ]] && continue
+		if ! state_path_declared "$path" "$declared"; then
+			undeclared+=("$path")
+		fi
+	done <<<"$changed"
+
+	# Ask state_path_declared() in the other direction rather than matching by hand: one rule for
+	# "does this path match this declaration", so the two directions cannot drift apart. Matching
+	# an entry as a regex would also let a metacharacter in a manifest name (`.`, `+`) match a file
+	# that is not the declared one.
+	IFS=',' read -ra _declared <<<"$declared"
+	for entry in "${_declared[@]}"; do
+		[[ -z $entry ]] && continue
+		found=1
+		while IFS= read -r path; do
+			[[ -z $path ]] && continue
+			if state_path_declared "$path" "$entry"; then
+				found=0
+				break
+			fi
+		done <<<"$changed"
+		((found)) && missing+=("$entry")
+	done
+
+	if ((${#undeclared[@]} > 0)); then
+		printf 'DIRTY\tundeclared: %s\n' "${undeclared[*]}"
+	elif ((${#missing[@]} > 0)); then
+		printf 'MISSING\tdeclared but unwritten: %s\n' "${missing[*]}"
+	else
+		printf 'CLEAN\t\n'
+	fi
+}

bin/lint-node-id-format.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# lint-node-id-format.sh - flag node/packet IDs logged as bare %08x instead of 0x%08x.
+#
+# src/mesh/RadioInterface.cpp states the convention: node IDs and packet IDs are
+# formatted 0x%08x in logs and !%08x in user-facing display. A bare %08x still
+# prints the right digits, so nothing breaks - it just makes the value hard to
+# grep for and easy to misread as decimal.
+#
+# Emitted at "note" on purpose: this is a consistency rule, not a correctness one, so
+# it should never be the thing that fails someone's review. Note is trunk's only
+# non-blocking level - "warning" and "info" both exit non-zero and would gate CI.
+#
+# Only flags a %08x whose statement also mentions an ID-shaped argument
+# (->num, .from, nodeNum, getFrom(), ...). A 32-bit hex value that is not an ID -
+# a CRC, a register, a hash - is none of this rule's business.
+#
+# Emits one line per finding in the format
+#   <path>:<line>:<col>:<severity>:<message>:<code>
+# which trunk parses via parse_regex. Always exits 0; findings go to stdout.
+
+set -uo pipefail
+
+ALLOWLIST=".github/node-id-format-allowlist.txt"
+
+for target in "$@"; do
+	[[ -f $target ]] || continue
+
+	# Path is reported relative to the workspace so allowlist entries stay portable.
+	rel="${target#"$PWD"/}"
+
+	awk -v path="$rel" -v allowlist="$ALLOWLIST" '
+	BEGIN {
+		LINE_CAP = 12 # give up accumulating a statement after this many lines
+
+		# Allowlist entries are "<path>" (whole file) or "<path>:<line>", followed by
+		# whitespace and a mandatory reason. Blank lines and # comments are ignored.
+		while ((getline line < allowlist) > 0) {
+			sub(/#.*/, "", line)
+			gsub(/^[ \t]+|[ \t]+$/, "", line)
+			if (line == "") continue
+			split(line, f, /[ \t]+/)
+			skip[f[1]] = 1
+		}
+		close(allowlist)
+		if (path in skip) exempt_file = 1
+	}
+
+	# Two independent signals, either of which marks the value as an ID: an ID-shaped
+	# argument, or the message text naming one. The second catches the common
+	# LOG_INFO("node %08x", n) shape, where the argument alone is indistinguishable
+	# from a CRC. Deliberately a allowlist of shapes rather than "any variable" - a
+	# false positive here costs more than a miss.
+	function looks_like_id(s) {
+		return (s ~ /(->|\.)(num|from|to|id|dest|sender|relay_node|next_hop)[^A-Za-z0-9_]/) ||
+		       (s ~ /[Nn]ode[Nn]um/) || (s ~ /nodeId/) || (s ~ /getFrom[ \t]*\(/) ||
+		       (s ~ /[^A-Za-z0-9_]sender[^A-Za-z0-9_]/) ||
+		       (s ~ /[Nn]ode/) || (s ~ /[Pp]acket/) || (s ~ /[Ss]ender/) || (s ~ /[Rr]elay/)
+	}
+
+	# True when the text still contains a %08x after every correctly-prefixed
+	# 0x%08x has been removed - i.e. at least one occurrence is bare.
+	function has_bare_hex(s,   t) {
+		t = s
+		gsub(/0[xX]%08[xX]/, "", t)
+		gsub(/![ \t]*%08[xX]/, "", t) # !%08x is the user-facing display form, also fine
+		return (t ~ /%08[xX]/)
+	}
+
+	{
+		if (exempt_file) next
+
+		# Accumulate a logical LOG_ statement; these routinely wrap across lines.
+		if (!in_stmt && $0 ~ /LOG_[A-Z]+[ \t]*\(/) {
+			in_stmt = 1; stmt = $0; start = NR; hit_line = 0; hit_col = 0
+		} else if (in_stmt) {
+			stmt = stmt " " $0
+		} else {
+			next
+		}
+
+		# Remember the first line carrying a bare %08x, for a useful caret position.
+		if (!hit_line && has_bare_hex($0)) { hit_line = NR; hit_col = index($0, "%08") }
+
+		# End of statement: any line closing the call. Matched anywhere on the line, not
+		# just at EOL, so `LOG_INFO(...); }` terminates too - if it did not, the
+		# accumulator would run to EOF and silently swallow every later finding in the
+		# file. LINE_CAP is the same backstop for a close paren we never see at all.
+		if ($0 ~ /\)[ \t]*;/ || NR - start >= LINE_CAP) {
+			if (has_bare_hex(stmt) && looks_like_id(stmt)) {
+				if (!hit_line) { hit_line = start; hit_col = 1 }
+				if ((path ":" hit_line) in skip) { in_stmt = 0; next }
+				printf "%s:%d:%d:%s:%s:%s\n", path, hit_line, (hit_col ? hit_col : 1), "note",
+				       "node/packet ID logged as bare %08x - use 0x%08x (see src/mesh/RadioInterface.cpp)",
+				       "node-id-format"
+			}
+			in_stmt = 0
+		}
+	}
+	' "$target"
+done
+
+exit 0

bin/lint-unity-exit.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# lint-unity-exit.sh - flag a UNITY_END() that is not wrapped in exit().
+#
+# A bare UNITY_END() ends the *reporting*, not the suite: setup() returns, the runtime goes on
+# calling loop(), and the process runs forever. PlatformIO does not notice - it reads the Unity
+# summary off stdout, reports the suite PASSED and moves on - so the run is green while the binary
+# is still resident. The costs are invisible by construction: the per-suite sandbox is deleted
+# under a live process, and .gcda coverage plus LeakSanitizer's report are both flushed by atexit
+# handlers, so a suite that never exits contributes no coverage and gets no leak check.
+#
+# The rule is per occurrence, not per file. test/test_serial/SerialModule.cpp had a correct
+# exit(UNITY_END()) in its ESP32 branch and bare ones in both #else branches; a "does this file
+# call exit() anywhere" check passes it. The empty branch of a feature or architecture guard is
+# the easiest one to get wrong, because it looks like there is nothing to clean up.
+#
+# Statement-aware, like bin/lint-node-id-format.sh and for the same reason: judging one physical
+# line at a time reports `exit(\n    UNITY_END());` as bare, and reports the interior lines of a
+# /* ... */ block comment that happens to mention the macro. A note-level rule that cries wolf
+# gets ignored, and then the real finding goes with it.
+#
+# bin/test-lint-unity-exit.sh is this rule's self-test. It exists because the scanner has now been
+# wrong twice: every false positive and false negative found in review is pinned there as a
+# fixture, so the next rewrite has to keep them all passing.
+#
+# Not handled: raw string literals (R"(...)"). There are none under test/, and delimiter tracking
+# for a case that does not occur would be untested code guarding untested code.
+#
+# Emitted at "note" - trunk's only non-blocking level - because the enforcing half of this pair is
+# bin/pio-test-isolate.sh, which detects an actual survivor at run time and grades it AMBER. This
+# is the author-time advice that stops it being written in the first place.
+#
+# Emits one line per finding in the format
+#   <path>:<line>:<col>:<severity>:<message>:<code>
+# which trunk parses via parse_regex. Always exits 0; findings go to stdout.
+
+set -uo pipefail
+
+for target in "$@"; do
+	[[ -f $target ]] || continue
+
+	# Path is reported relative to the workspace so findings are clickable from the repo root.
+	rel="${target#"$PWD"/}"
+
+	# Only test sources declare a suite's lifecycle. Unity's own headers and any production file
+	# mentioning the macro are none of this rule's business.
+	[[ $rel == test/* ]] || continue
+
+	awk -v path="$rel" '
+	# Return the line with comments and string/char literals removed, carrying /* ... */ state
+	# across lines. A character-level scan, not layered regexes: regexes cannot tokenise C++ and
+	# each attempt was wrong differently - a /* inside a string literal flipped comment state and
+	# hid real calls, a greedy .* swallowed the code between two comments on one line, and
+	# UNITY_END() inside a string read as code. Literals collapse to a space rather than vanishing,
+	# so a token cannot be glued to its neighbour.
+	# Also fills colmap[], mapping each position in the returned string back to its column in the
+	# raw line. Without it a caret cannot be placed: removing a comment or collapsing a literal
+	# shifts every later column, and counting occurrences in the raw line does not help either -
+	# TEST_MESSAGE("... UNITY_END() ..."); UNITY_END(); has two in the raw text and one in the code.
+	function strip_noncode(s,   out, i, n, c, two, q) {
+		n = length(s); i = 1; out = ""
+		delete colmap
+		while (i <= n) {
+			if (in_block) {
+				if (substr(s, i, 2) == "*/") { in_block = 0; i += 2 } else { i++ }
+				continue
+			}
+			two = substr(s, i, 2)
+			if (two == "//") return out	# rest of the line is a comment
+			if (two == "/*") { in_block = 1; i += 2; continue }
+			c = substr(s, i, 1)
+			if (c == "\"" || c == "'"'"'") {	# skip a whole literal, honouring backslash escapes
+				q = c
+				out = out " "; colmap[length(out)] = i
+				i++
+				while (i <= n) {
+					c = substr(s, i, 1)
+					if (c == "\\") { i += 2; continue }
+					i++
+					if (c == q) break
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+			out = out c; colmap[length(out)] = i; i++
+		}
+		return out
+	}
+
+	# Is this one occurrence wrapped in a form that terminates the process? Two count:
+	#
+	#   exit(UNITY_END())      the documented one
+	#   int rc = UNITY_END()   capture-then-exit, used by test_packet_signing to restore globals
+	#                          between the summary and the exit
+	#
+	# Judged per occurrence by looking back through whitespace, not by stripping forms out of the
+	# whole statement. A line carrying both - exit(UNITY_END()); UNITY_END(); - must report the bare
+	# call at the bare column, rather than once at whichever came first.
+	#
+	# Both forms are token-bounded. `exit` must be a whole identifier, so myexit(UNITY_END()) is
+	# still reported; the assignment must be a plain `=`, so `==`, `!=`, `<=`, `>=` and `+=` are not
+	# mistaken for a capture. `return UNITY_END()` is deliberately NOT accepted - it only terminates
+	# from main(), there is no main() under test/, and from a helper it just returns a count.
+	#
+	# Where the rule gives ground: capturing the value and then never exiting would leak and is not
+	# flagged. That is rarer than the bare call, and flagging a correct idiom would push someone to
+	# "fix" working code.
+	function is_wrapped(s, at,   j, c, tail) {
+		j = at - 1
+		while (j >= 1 && substr(s, j, 1) ~ /[ \t]/) j--	# skip space before the macro
+		if (j < 1) return 0
+
+		# exit ( UNITY_END - `exit` must be a whole identifier, so myexit( does not qualify
+		if (substr(s, j, 1) == "(") {
+			j--
+			while (j >= 1 && substr(s, j, 1) ~ /[ \t]/) j--
+			if (j >= 4 && substr(s, j - 3, 4) == "exit" &&
+			    (j - 4 < 1 || substr(s, j - 4, 1) !~ /[A-Za-z0-9_]/)) return 1
+			return 0
+		}
+
+		# = UNITY_END - a plain assignment is capture-then-exit; ==, !=, <=, >=, += are not
+		if (substr(s, j, 1) == "=") {
+			c = (j - 1 >= 1) ? substr(s, j - 1, 1) : " "
+			tail = (j + 1 <= length(s)) ? substr(s, j + 1, 1) : " "
+			if (c ~ /[-+*\/%&|^!<>=]/ || tail == "=") return 0
+			return 1
+		}
+
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	BEGIN { LINE_CAP = 12 }	# give up accumulating a statement after this many lines
+
+	{
+		code = strip_noncode($0)
+
+		# Record every occurrence on this line with the position it has in the accumulated
+		# statement, plus its real line and column, so each can be judged and reported separately.
+		if (stmt == "") { start = NR; nhits = 0 }
+		base = length(stmt) + 1	# the leading space added below shifts everything by one
+		stmt = stmt " " code
+
+		off = 0
+		while ((p = index(substr(code, off + 1), "UNITY_END")) > 0) {
+			off += p
+			nhits++
+			hit_at[nhits] = base + off	# index within stmt
+			hit_line[nhits] = NR
+			hit_col[nhits] = colmap[off]
+		}
+
+		# End of statement. The cap is the backstop for a semicolon we never see, so one unclosed
+		# call cannot swallow every later finding in the file.
+		if (code ~ /;/ || NR - start >= LINE_CAP) {
+			for (k = 1; k <= nhits; k++)
+				if (!is_wrapped(stmt, hit_at[k]))
+					printf "%s:%d:%d:%s:%s:%s\n", path, hit_line[k], hit_col[k], "note",
+					       "bare UNITY_END() leaves the process running - use exit(UNITY_END()) (see test/README.md)",
+					       "unity-exit"
+			stmt = ""
+			nhits = 0
+		}
+	}
+	' "$target"
+done
+
+exit 0

bin/pio-test-isolate.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# PlatformIO `test_testing_command` wrapper - runs one native test suite in its own scratch $HOME
+# and reports what it left behind. Registered per-env in variants/native/portduino/platformio.ini,
+# so it applies to a bare `pio test` and to CI, not only to bin/run-tests.sh.
+#
+# Every native suite that constructs a NodeDB loads and saves ~/.portduino/default/prefs/, and
+# nothing cleared it between suites, so state leaked suite -> suite within a run and run -> run
+# after it. Per-*run* isolation is not enough: the leak is generated within a single run, so the
+# boundary has to be per suite.
+#
+# Contract: run "$@" unchanged, exit with its exit code. PlatformIO's own pass/fail is untouched -
+# everything else here is reporting.
+#
+# Escape hatch: MESHTASTIC_TEST_NO_ISOLATION=1 runs the binary bare, for when you need the real
+# $HOME (e.g. reproducing against a live prefs directory).
+
+set -uo pipefail
+
+if [[ ${MESHTASTIC_TEST_NO_ISOLATION:-0} == 1 ]]; then
+	exec "$@"
+fi
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
+ROOT_DIR="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)"
+# shellcheck source=bin/lib/test-state.sh
+source "$SCRIPT_DIR/lib/test-state.sh"
+
+STATE_ROOT="${MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_DIR:-$ROOT_DIR/.pio/test-state}"
+MANIFEST="${MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_MANIFEST:-$ROOT_DIR/$STATE_MANIFEST_DEFAULT}"
+SUMMARY="${MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_SUMMARY:-$STATE_ROOT/summary.tsv}"
+
+if ! mkdir -p "$STATE_ROOT" 2>/dev/null; then
+	echo "pio-test-isolate: cannot create $STATE_ROOT - running without isolation" >&2
+	exec "$@"
+fi
+
+SCRATCH="$(mktemp -d "$STATE_ROOT/suite.XXXXXX")" || exec "$@"
+SUITE_HOME="$SCRATCH/home"
+LOG="$SCRATCH/output.log"
+REPORT="$SCRATCH/per-test.tsv"
+mkdir -p "$SUITE_HOME"
+
+state_assert_empty "$SUITE_HOME" || exit 1
+
+BEFORE="$SCRATCH/before.fp"
+state_fingerprint "$SUITE_HOME" >"$BEFORE"
+
+# HOME points at the sandbox; PLATFORMIO_CORE_DIR is pinned to the real one so nothing re-downloads
+# a toolchain into a directory we are about to delete. (Overriding HOME around `pio` itself is what
+# breaks its own ~/.platformio/penv/bin/pio lookup - doing it here, around the already-built binary,
+# sidesteps that entirely.)
+REAL_HOME="$HOME"
+HOME="$SUITE_HOME" \
+	PLATFORMIO_CORE_DIR="${PLATFORMIO_CORE_DIR:-$REAL_HOME/.platformio}" \
+	MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_REPORT="$REPORT" \
+	"$@" 2>&1 | tee "$LOG"
+RC=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
+
+# Survivors, before anything else looks at the sandbox: reap them first so the after-fingerprint is
+# taken against a tree nobody is still writing to, and so a run cannot leave processes accumulating
+# on the host. SIGTERM, then SIGKILL for anything that ignores it. Reported on the summary line as a
+# fourth outcome - it is not a filesystem verdict, and folding it into DIRTY would lose the reason.
+SURVIVORS="$(state_find_survivors "$SUITE_HOME" | tr '\n' ' ')"
+SURVIVORS="${SURVIVORS% }"
+if [[ -n $SURVIVORS ]]; then
+	# shellcheck disable=SC2086 # deliberate word splitting: SURVIVORS is a PID list
+	kill $SURVIVORS 2>/dev/null
+	sleep 0.2
+	STILL="$(state_find_survivors "$SUITE_HOME" | tr '\n' ' ')"
+	# shellcheck disable=SC2086 # as above
+	[[ -n ${STILL// /} ]] && kill -9 $STILL 2>/dev/null
+	echo "pio-test-isolate: survivor(s) still running after the suite finished: $SURVIVORS (killed)" >&2
+fi
+
+# The suite name is not passed to a test_testing_command, so recover it from the output: every Unity
+# result line carries the suite's source path. Fall back to the per-test report, which records it
+# from __FILE__, and finally to the scratch dir name.
+SUITE="$(grep -oE 'test/test_[a-z0-9_]+/' "$LOG" 2>/dev/null | head -1 | sed -E 's#test/(test_[a-z0-9_]+)/#\1#')"
+if [[ -z $SUITE && -f $REPORT ]]; then
+	SUITE="$(awk -F'\t' 'NR==1 {print $1}' "$REPORT")"
+fi
+[[ -z $SUITE ]] && SUITE="unknown-$(basename "$SCRATCH")"
+
+AFTER="$SCRATCH/after.fp"
+state_fingerprint "$SUITE_HOME" >"$AFTER"
+CHANGED="$(state_changed_paths "$BEFORE" "$AFTER")"
+
+FLAGS="$(state_manifest_flags "$SUITE" "$MANIFEST")"
+DECLARED="$(state_flag_value writes "$FLAGS")"
+GRANULARITY="$(state_flag_value state "$FLAGS")"
+[[ -z $GRANULARITY ]] && GRANULARITY="per-test"
+
+IFS=$'\t' read -r VERDICT DETAIL <<<"$(state_classify "$CHANGED" "$DECLARED")"
+
+# Per-test attribution, when the suite has not declared that it carries state across its own test
+# cases. For a state=per-suite suite every test after the first would be flagged by design - that
+# carry *is* the declared behaviour - so only the suite boundary is meaningful there.
+PER_TEST_DETAIL=""
+if [[ $GRANULARITY == "per-test" && -f $REPORT ]]; then
+	awk -F'\t' -v d="$DECLARED" '
+		BEGIN { n = split(d, a, ","); }
+		{
+			path = $4; base = path; sub(/^.*\//, "", base);
+			for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) if (a[i] == path || a[i] == base) next;
+			print $2 " -> " base;
+		}' "$REPORT" | LC_ALL=C sort -u >"$SCRATCH/per-test-undeclared.txt"
+	# Keep the summary line readable; the full attribution stays in the sandbox's per-test.tsv.
+	PER_TEST_COUNT=$(wc -l <"$SCRATCH/per-test-undeclared.txt")
+	# Not `paste -sd'; '`: with -s, paste cycles through a multi-char delimiter one character per
+	# join, so five paths render as "a;b c;d e" rather than "a; b; c; d; e".
+	PER_TEST_DETAIL="$(head -5 "$SCRATCH/per-test-undeclared.txt" | awk '{printf "%s%s", (NR > 1 ? "; " : ""), $0} END {print ""}')"
+	((PER_TEST_COUNT > 5)) && PER_TEST_DETAIL="$PER_TEST_DETAIL; +$((PER_TEST_COUNT - 5)) more"
+fi
+
+STATUS=$([[ $RC -eq 0 ]] && echo PASS || echo FAIL)
+mkdir -p "$(dirname "$SUMMARY")" 2>/dev/null
+printf '%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n' "$SUITE" "$STATUS" "$VERDICT" "${DETAIL-}" "${PER_TEST_DETAIL-}" \
+	"${SURVIVORS-}" >>"$SUMMARY"
+
+# Keep the sandbox when there is something to look at: on a failure it plus the built binary is a
+# complete, replayable reproduction, and on a DIRTY verdict the leftovers *are* the bug report. A
+# clean pass leaves nothing behind.
+KEEP="${MESHTASTIC_TEST_KEEP_STATE:-0}"
+if [[ $RC -ne 0 || $VERDICT != CLEAN || -n ${SURVIVORS-} || $KEEP == 1 ]]; then
+	DEST="$STATE_ROOT/$SUITE"
+	rm -rf "$DEST" 2>/dev/null
+	mv "$SCRATCH" "$DEST" 2>/dev/null || DEST="$SCRATCH"
+	echo "pio-test-isolate: $SUITE $STATUS/$VERDICT - state and log kept at $DEST" >&2
+else
+	rm -rf "$SCRATCH"
+fi
+
+exit "$RC"

bin/run-tests.sh

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Run native PlatformIO unit tests and emit a single, unambiguous verdict.
 #
 # Why this exists: PlatformIO reports failures three different ways ([FAILED], :FAIL:,
-# [ERRORED]) and an all-pass run prints "N succeeded" with NO "0 failed" clause — so naive
+# [ERRORED]) and an all-pass run prints "N succeeded" with NO "0 failed" clause - so naive
 # greps produce false greens (see .notes/test-passfail-filter.md). This script encodes the
 # correct logic once, and cross-checks the number of suites that actually ran against the
 # canonical set in test/ so a suite silently going missing shows up as AMBER, not green.
@@ -12,37 +12,85 @@
 #   ./bin/run-tests.sh -f test_utf8         # run one suite (yields FILTERED, not GREEN)
 #   ./bin/run-tests.sh -e native            # override env (default: coverage)
 #   ./bin/run-tests.sh --quiet              # only print the final RESULT line
+#   ./bin/run-tests.sh --write-manifest     # print the test/state-manifest.tsv entries this run
+#                                           # would need, for a human to paste and justify
+#   ./bin/run-tests.sh --keep-state         # keep every suite's sandbox, not just the interesting ones
+#   ./bin/run-tests.sh --shuffle            # randomise suite order (seed from HEAD; printed)
+#   ./bin/run-tests.sh --seed 12345         # replay an exact order (implies --shuffle)
 #
 # Exit codes: 0 = GREEN, 1 = RED, 2 = AMBER, 3 = FILTERED.
 #
+# HOST. This is a Linux tool: bash 4+ (mapfile), GNU coreutils and GNU find (`-printf`, md5sum,
+# `-executable`). That is a deliberate choice, not an oversight - the alternative is a second,
+# untested code path per host, and a state check that silently degrades is worse than one that does
+# not run. It is enforced below rather than left to be discovered. macOS and Windows are supported as
+# *build* targets by CI, not as hosts for this harness; run it in a container there, via
+# ./bin/test-native-docker.sh.
+#
+# -f IS NOT A GATE. A filtered run can pass while a full run fails: filtering removes the suites
+# that create the shared state a later suite trips over. Use -f to iterate; gate on a full run.
+#
 # Verdicts:
-#   GREEN    — all canonical suites ran, all passed, no ignored test cases.
-#   AMBER    — all that ran passed, but something was lost: a suite silently went missing on a
-#              full run, or individual test cases were skipped (Unity TEST_IGNORE / :IGNORE:).
-#   FILTERED — a -f run completed cleanly; suites not in the filter were intentionally skipped.
+#   GREEN    - all canonical suites ran, all passed, no ignored test cases, no undeclared leftovers.
+#   AMBER    - all that ran passed, but something was lost or unexplained: a suite silently went
+#              missing on a full run, individual test cases were skipped (Unity TEST_IGNORE /
+#              :IGNORE:), or a suite left behind shared state it does not declare in
+#              test/state-manifest.tsv.
+#   FILTERED - a -f run completed cleanly; suites not in the filter were intentionally skipped.
 #              Use this when iterating on a single suite; it is not a quality signal.
-#   RED      — at least one failure, build error, or sanitizer fault.
+#   RED      - at least one failure, build error, or sanitizer fault.
+#
+# Two orthogonal axes: PASS/FAIL × CLEAN/DIRTY. Each suite runs in its own scratch $HOME
+# (bin/pio-test-isolate.sh), so leftovers are harmless; DIRTY means "undeclared", not "dangerous".
+#
+# ORDER. PlatformIO chooses suite order itself - list_test_names() walks test/ with os.walk() and
+# filters only *select*, they do not order - so --shuffle runs one `pio test -f <suite>` invocation
+# per suite in the chosen order. That costs about 4.7s per suite in extra pio startup. The seed is
+# printed on every shuffled run and derived from HEAD by default: deterministic for a given commit,
+# varied across commits, so a red is reproducible and attributable rather than flaky. A single green
+# seed is not evidence of order independence; vary it.
+#
+# Sanitizers, per env - this trips people up: `coverage` (the default here) has ASan/LSan;
+# `native` has NONE. Verified: zero ASan symbols in the native binary. `-e native` runs are not
+# sanitized, whatever the coverage wording elsewhere implies.
 #
 # The final line is machine-readable, e.g.:
 #   RESULT: GREEN N/N suites passed
-#   RESULT: AMBER N/M suites ran (missing: test_radio test_serial) — all that ran passed
+#   RESULT: AMBER N/M suites ran (missing: test_radio test_serial) - all that ran passed
 #   RESULT: AMBER 3 test case(s) ignored
-#   RESULT: FILTERED 1/N suites ran (not run: …) — filtered: test_utf8
+#   RESULT: FILTERED 1/N suites ran (not run: …) - filtered: test_utf8
 #   RESULT: RED test_traffic_management: 1 failed  (or: build/crash error)
-#   RESULT: RED sanitizer fault — SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: 1272 byte(s) leaked  (tests may have
-#           all passed; the coverage build aborts at exit on an ASan/LSan fault — often shown only
+#   RESULT: RED sanitizer fault - SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: 1272 byte(s) leaked  (tests may have
+#           all passed; the coverage build aborts at exit on an ASan/LSan fault - often shown only
 #           as [ERRORED]/SIGHUP. The script names it and points at running the binary bare.)
 
 set -uo pipefail
 
+# Refuse to start off Linux rather than fail somewhere in the middle. This harness is a Linux tool by
+# choice (see the HOST note in the header); on a BSD userland it would not fail cleanly, it would
+# mis-hash the sandbox, mis-read a suite list and report a verdict that looks real.
+if [[ $(uname -s) != Linux ]]; then
+	echo "run-tests.sh is Linux-only (bash 4+, GNU coreutils, GNU find); this host is $(uname -s)." >&2
+	echo "Run the suite in a container instead: ./bin/test-native-docker.sh" >&2
+	exit 2
+fi
+
 SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
 ROOT_DIR="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)"
-cd "$ROOT_DIR"
+cd "$ROOT_DIR" || exit 1
 
 ENV="coverage"
 FILTER=""
 QUIET=false
+WRITE_MANIFEST=false
+KEEP_STATE=false
+SHUFFLE=false
+SEED=""
 PASSTHRU=()
+# Same passthrough args minus the -f pair. The shuffled loop supplies its own -f per suite, but
+# must still forward everything else the user gave (-v, -vvv, ...) - otherwise a shuffled run
+# builds with those flags and then runs without them.
+EXTRA_ARGS=()
 
 while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 	case "$1" in
@@ -59,8 +107,26 @@ while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
 		QUIET=true
 		shift
 		;;
+	--write-manifest)
+		WRITE_MANIFEST=true
+		shift
+		;;
+	--keep-state)
+		KEEP_STATE=true
+		shift
+		;;
+	--shuffle)
+		SHUFFLE=true
+		shift
+		;;
+	--seed)
+		SEED="$2"
+		SHUFFLE=true
+		shift 2
+		;;
 	*)
 		PASSTHRU+=("$1")
+		EXTRA_ARGS+=("$1")
 		shift
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -74,16 +140,35 @@ if [[ ! -x $PIO ]] && ! command -v "$PIO" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
 fi
 
 LOG="$(mktemp -t meshtest.XXXXXX.log)"
+# Build output stays out of $LOG on purpose: the outcome regexes below match "error:" and
+# "[ERRORED]", so a compiler diagnostic in the same file would read as a test failure.
+BUILD_LOG="$(mktemp -t meshtest-build.XXXXXX.log)"
 MARKER=""
 PROGRESS_PID=""
-trap 'rm -f "$LOG" "${MARKER:-}"; [[ -n ${PROGRESS_PID:-} ]] && kill "$PROGRESS_PID" 2>/dev/null' EXIT
+trap 'rm -f "$LOG" "$BUILD_LOG" "${MARKER:-}"; [[ -n ${PROGRESS_PID:-} ]] && kill "$PROGRESS_PID" 2>/dev/null' EXIT
+
+# --- Shared-state reporting ---------------------------------------------------
+# bin/pio-test-isolate.sh (wired in as test_testing_command) gives every suite its own scratch
+# $HOME and appends one line per suite here: suite, PASS/FAIL, CLEAN/DIRTY/MISSING, detail. The
+# wrapper enforces isolation on its own - a bare `pio test` gets it too - so all this section does
+# is collect and grade. Start from an empty summary so a stale one cannot be read as this run's.
+# shellcheck source=bin/lib/test-state.sh
+source "$SCRIPT_DIR/lib/test-state.sh"
+STATE_DIR="$ROOT_DIR/.pio/test-state"
+STATE_SUMMARY="$STATE_DIR/summary.tsv"
+rm -rf "$STATE_DIR"
+mkdir -p "$STATE_DIR"
+export MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_DIR="$STATE_DIR"
+export MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_SUMMARY="$STATE_SUMMARY"
+$KEEP_STATE && export MESHTASTIC_TEST_KEEP_STATE=1
+$WRITE_MANIFEST && export MESHTASTIC_TEST_KEEP_STATE=1
 
 # Canonical suite set = the directories in test/. This is the source of truth for
 # "what should run"; a filtered run only expects its filtered suite.
 mapfile -t ALL_SUITES < <(find test -maxdepth 1 -type d -name 'test_*' -printf '%f\n' | sort)
 EXPECTED_COUNT=${#ALL_SUITES[@]}
 
-# Canonical suite count — the registered total, maintained in test/native-suite-count.
+# Canonical suite count - the registered total, maintained in test/native-suite-count.
 # Update that file whenever a test suite is added or removed.
 CANONICAL_COUNT_FILE="test/native-suite-count"
 if [[ -f $CANONICAL_COUNT_FILE ]]; then
@@ -98,7 +183,7 @@ fi
 BASELINE_FILE=".pio/build/${ENV}/.runtests-objcount"
 
 # Progress trail file (gitignored build dir). ALWAYS written so a backgrounded/piped run can be
-# checked mid-build with `tail -f` — that's the whole point: don't fly blind on a 20-min rebuild.
+# checked mid-build with `tail -f` - that's the whole point: don't fly blind on a 20-min rebuild.
 PROGRESS_FILE=".pio/build/${ENV}/.runtests-progress"
 
 # --- Progress heartbeat ------------------------------------------------------
@@ -114,16 +199,16 @@ progress_monitor() {
 		el=$((now - start))
 		if grep -q 'Testing\.\.\.' "$LOG" 2>/dev/null; then
 			ran=$(grep -cE "${ENV}:test_[a-z0-9_]+ \[(PASSED|FAILED|ERRORED)\]" "$LOG" 2>/dev/null)
-			line=$(printf '[test] %s/%s suites done — %dm%02ds' "$ran" "$testtotal" $((el / 60)) $((el % 60)))
+			line=$(printf '[test] %s/%s suites done - %dm%02ds' "$ran" "$testtotal" $((el / 60)) $((el % 60)))
 		else
 			done=$(find ".pio/build/${ENV}" -name '*.o' -newer "$marker" 2>/dev/null | wc -l)
 			if ((objtotal > 0 && done > 0)); then
 				eta=$((objtotal > done ? (objtotal - done) * el / done : 0))
-				line=$(printf '[build] %d/%d objs — %dm%02ds — ETA ~%dm%02ds' \
+				line=$(printf '[build] %d/%d objs - %dm%02ds - ETA ~%dm%02ds' \
 					"$done" "$objtotal" $((el / 60)) $((el % 60)) $((eta / 60)) $((eta % 60)))
 			else
-				# done==0 (incremental: nothing to rebuild yet) or no cached baseline — no ETA yet.
-				line=$(printf '[build] %d objs compiled — %dm%02ds' "$done" $((el / 60)) $((el % 60)))
+				# done==0 (incremental: nothing to rebuild yet) or no cached baseline - no ETA yet.
+				line=$(printf '[build] %d objs compiled - %dm%02ds' "$done" $((el / 60)) $((el % 60)))
 			fi
 		fi
 		printf '%s\n' "$line" >>"$pfile" 2>/dev/null                           # file trail (always)
@@ -133,9 +218,12 @@ progress_monitor() {
 }
 
 # Launch the heartbeat for every run. It writes the progress file unconditionally; the live tty
-# line only when interactive AND --quiet (where pio's own output is hidden — otherwise pio's
+# line only when interactive AND --quiet (where pio's own output is hidden - otherwise pio's
 # streamed compile lines already show progress and a \r line would just fight them).
 mkdir -p ".pio/build/${ENV}" 2>/dev/null || true
+# Clear last run's failure logs: a green run must not leave a red one's log lying around looking
+# current.
+rm -f ".pio/build/${ENV}/build-failure.log" ".pio/build/${ENV}/test-failure.log" 2>/dev/null || true
 : >"$PROGRESS_FILE" 2>/dev/null || true
 MARKER="$(mktemp -t meshtest-mark.XXXXXX)"
 TOTTY=0
@@ -149,30 +237,96 @@ if ! $QUIET; then
 fi
 echo "progress: tail -f $PROGRESS_FILE" >&2
 if [[ ! -t 1 ]] && ! $QUIET; then
-	echo "hint: stdout is a pipe — build errors appear at the top of output and may be lost; use --quiet to get just the RESULT line" >&2
+	echo "hint: stdout is a pipe - build errors appear at the top of output and may be lost; use --quiet to get just the RESULT line" >&2
+fi
+
+# shuffle_suites() lives in lib/ because the CI workflow runs the same permutation; see the header
+# of that file for why a second copy cannot be allowed to exist.
+# shellcheck source=bin/lib/shuffle.sh
+source "$SCRIPT_DIR/lib/shuffle.sh"
+
+RUN_ORDER=()
+if $SHUFFLE; then
+	# Seed from HEAD when not given: same order for a given commit (so a PR's red is replayable and
+	# attributable to its diff), different orders as the project moves.
+	if [[ -z $SEED ]]; then
+		SEED=$((16#$(git rev-parse --short=8 HEAD 2>/dev/null || echo 0)))
+	fi
+	if [[ -n $FILTER ]]; then
+		mapfile -t RUN_ORDER < <(shuffle_suites "$SEED" "$FILTER")
+	else
+		mapfile -t RUN_ORDER < <(shuffle_suites "$SEED" "${ALL_SUITES[@]}")
+	fi
+	echo "suite order: shuffled with --seed $SEED (${#RUN_ORDER[@]} suites)"
+fi
+
+# Build every test program before running any of them, the way .github/workflows/test_native.yml
+# does. Fused build+run makes whichever suite PlatformIO's directory walk reaches first absorb the
+# whole src compile and report it as its own duration - that is how a 35s suite once reported 13
+# minutes, and it hides the build cost from every timing the summary prints.
+BUILD_SECS=0
+build_started=$SECONDS
+if $QUIET; then
+	"$PIO" test -e "$ENV" "${PASSTHRU[@]}" --without-testing >"$BUILD_LOG" 2>&1
+	BUILD_RC=$?
+else
+	"$PIO" test -e "$ENV" "${PASSTHRU[@]}" --without-testing 2>&1 | tee "$BUILD_LOG"
+	BUILD_RC=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
+fi
+BUILD_SECS=$((SECONDS - build_started))
+if ((BUILD_RC != 0)); then
+	# The grep below shows the first few diagnostics; the first error: is usually a cascade from
+	# something further up, so keep the whole log rather than only what fits on screen.
+	BUILD_FAIL_LOG=".pio/build/${ENV}/build-failure.log"
+	cp "$BUILD_LOG" "$BUILD_FAIL_LOG" 2>/dev/null || BUILD_FAIL_LOG=""
+	echo ""
+	echo "RED - build failed before any suite ran:"
+	grep -nE 'error:|undefined reference|\[ERRORED\]' "$BUILD_LOG" | head -5 | sed 's/^/    /'
+	[[ -n $BUILD_FAIL_LOG ]] && echo "    -> full build output: $BUILD_FAIL_LOG"
+	echo "RESULT: RED build failed in ${BUILD_SECS}s (no suites ran)"
+	exit 1
+fi
+if ! $QUIET; then
+	echo "build: ${BUILD_SECS}s (shared by every suite; suite durations below exclude it)"
 fi
 
 # Run pio, tee to log. PIPESTATUS[0] is pio's real exit (NOT tee's).
-if $QUIET; then
-	"$PIO" test -e "$ENV" "${PASSTHRU[@]}" >"$LOG" 2>&1
+PIO_RC=0
+if $SHUFFLE; then
+	# One invocation per suite: PlatformIO orders by its own directory walk, so this is the only way
+	# to control it. Output is appended to the one $LOG the verdict logic already parses.
+	: >"$LOG"
+	for suite in "${RUN_ORDER[@]}"; do
+		if $QUIET; then
+			"$PIO" test -e "$ENV" -f "$suite" "${EXTRA_ARGS[@]}" --without-building >>"$LOG" 2>&1
+			rc=$?
+		else
+			"$PIO" test -e "$ENV" -f "$suite" "${EXTRA_ARGS[@]}" --without-building 2>&1 | tee -a "$LOG"
+			rc=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
+		fi
+		((rc != 0)) && PIO_RC=$rc
+	done
+elif $QUIET; then
+	"$PIO" test -e "$ENV" "${PASSTHRU[@]}" --without-building >"$LOG" 2>&1
+	PIO_RC=$?
 else
-	"$PIO" test -e "$ENV" "${PASSTHRU[@]}" 2>&1 | tee "$LOG"
+	"$PIO" test -e "$ENV" "${PASSTHRU[@]}" --without-building 2>&1 | tee "$LOG"
+	PIO_RC=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
 fi
-PIO_RC=${PIPESTATUS[0]}
 
 # Stop the heartbeat, clear its line, and cache this build's object total for next time.
 if [[ -n $PROGRESS_PID ]]; then
 	kill "$PROGRESS_PID" 2>/dev/null
 	wait "$PROGRESS_PID" 2>/dev/null
 	PROGRESS_PID=""
-	# Clear the live line only if we were writing one — opening /dev/tty when there is none is
+	# Clear the live line only if we were writing one - opening /dev/tty when there is none is
 	# itself a redirect-open error the trailing 2>/dev/null cannot suppress.
 	[[ $TOTTY == 1 ]] && printf '\r\033[K' >/dev/tty 2>/dev/null
 fi
 [[ -d ".pio/build/${ENV}" ]] && find ".pio/build/${ENV}" -name '*.o' 2>/dev/null | wc -l >"$BASELINE_FILE" 2>/dev/null || true
 
 # --- Outcome detection -------------------------------------------------------
-# The SAME outcome is spelled differently depending on which layer emitted the line — this is
+# The SAME outcome is spelled differently depending on which layer emitted the line - this is
 # the trap that produces false greens (grepping ":PASS" misses pio's "[PASSED]", grepping
 # "[FAILED]" misses Unity's ":FAIL:"). So every regex below matches BOTH spellings:
 #   pass:  Unity per-assertion ":PASS"   | pio per-suite "[PASSED]"      | summary "N succeeded"
@@ -184,7 +338,7 @@ FAIL_RE=':FAIL\b|\[FAILED\]|\[ERRORED\]|[1-9][0-9]* failed|[0-9]+ Tests [1-9][0-
 # the per-test/per-suite tokens OR a success summary line.
 PASS_RE=':PASS\b|\[PASSED\]|test cases: *[0-9]+ succeeded|[0-9]+ Tests 0 Failures'
 # Sanitizer (ASan/LSan/UBSan/TSan) fault signatures. The coverage build is sanitizer-instrumented
-# and aborts NON-ZERO at exit on a fault — most often a LeakSanitizer leak — AFTER every test has
+# and aborts NON-ZERO at exit on a fault - most often a LeakSanitizer leak - AFTER every test has
 # already printed [PASSED]. pio then reports [ERRORED]/SIGHUP with no :FAIL: anywhere, so it
 # masquerades as a phantom "N-1 of N succeeded". See .notes/test-passfail-filter.md.
 # Match only real FAULT lines, never the benign "AddressSanitizer: failed to intercept '...'"
@@ -203,35 +357,91 @@ RAN_COUNT=${#RAN_SUITES[@]}
 mapfile -t SKIPPED_SUITES < <(grep -oE "${ENV}:test_[a-z0-9_]+.*\bSKIPPED\b" "$LOG" |
 	grep -oE "test_[a-z0-9_]+" | sort -u)
 
+# Keep the whole-run log, which the EXIT trap would otherwise delete. This is the cross-suite view
+# - order, pio-level output, what ran before the failure; bin/pio-test-isolate.sh separately keeps
+# the failing suite's own sandbox and log under .pio/test-state/<suite>/.
+preserve_run_log() {
+	local dest=".pio/build/${ENV}/test-failure.log"
+	cp "$LOG" "$dest" 2>/dev/null && echo "    -> full run output: $dest"
+}
+
+# PlatformIO prints one "N test cases: ... succeeded in T" line per invocation. A shuffled run is one
+# invocation per suite appending to the same $LOG, so taking the last line would report whatever the
+# LAST suite did - a failure in suite 3 printed under suite 44's "0 failed". Sum the lines instead.
+# One line in (the unshuffled case) is passed through verbatim, so the familiar output is unchanged.
+summarise_test_cases() {
+	# The patterns are strings, not /regex/ literals: awk evaluates a regex literal passed as a
+	# function argument as `$0 ~ /re/`, so the callee would receive 0 or 1 rather than a pattern.
+	awk '
+		function num(s, pat,   m) {
+			if (!match(s, pat)) return 0
+			m = substr(s, RSTART, RLENGTH); gsub(/[^0-9]/, "", m); return m + 0
+		}
+		/test cases:/ {
+			last = $0; n++
+			cases   += num($0, "[0-9]+ test cases")
+			failed  += num($0, "[0-9]+ failed")
+			skipped += num($0, "[0-9]+ skipped")
+			passed  += num($0, "[0-9]+ succeeded")
+		}
+		END {
+			if (n == 0) exit
+			if (n == 1) { print "    " last; exit }
+			printf "    %d test cases: ", cases
+			if (failed)  printf "%d failed, ", failed
+			if (skipped) printf "%d skipped, ", skipped
+			printf "%d succeeded, summed over %d suite invocations\n", passed, n
+		}' "$1"
+}
+
 verdict_red() {
 	local detail bin
+	# The order IS the diagnostic for an order-dependent failure; without it a shuffled red is
+	# unreadable.
+	if $SHUFFLE; then
+		echo ""
+		echo "suite order (--seed $SEED):"
+		printf '%s\n' "${RUN_ORDER[@]}" | nl -ba | sed 's/^/    /'
+	fi
 	detail="$(grep -nE '\[FAILED\]|:FAIL:|\[ERRORED\]' "$LOG" | head -3 | sed 's/^/    /')"
 	echo ""
-	echo "RED — failures detected:"
+	echo "RED - failures detected:"
 	[[ -n $detail ]] && echo "$detail"
-	grep -E 'test cases:' "$LOG" | tail -1 | sed 's/^/    /'
+	summarise_test_cases "$LOG"
+	preserve_run_log
 
 	# Path to the test binary for the "run it bare" hint. For native/coverage the test program is
 	# the env executable (e.g. .pio/build/coverage/meshtasticd), NOT a file named 'program'.
 	bin="$(find ".pio/build/${ENV}" -maxdepth 1 -type f -executable ! -name '*.so' 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
 	[[ -z $bin ]] && bin=".pio/build/${ENV}/<program>  (build it first: $PIO test -e ${ENV} ${FILTER:+-f $FILTER} --without-testing)"
 
+	# A signal name from this runner is almost never a crash. `exit(UNITY_END())` returns the
+	# FAILURE COUNT, and PlatformIO's native runner renders a non-zero exit code as a POSIX signal:
+	# 4 failures -> "Program received signal SIGILL", 5 -> SIGTRAP, and the suite is reported
+	# [ERRORED] rather than [FAILED]. That is pure noise, and it cost hours of hunting a memory bug
+	# that did not exist. Say so before anyone theorises.
+	if grep -qE 'Program received signal SIG' "$LOG"; then
+		echo "    -> the signal name above is Unity's exit code, not a crash: exit(UNITY_END()) returns the"
+		echo "       failure count and the runner renders it as a signal number (4 -> SIGILL, 5 -> SIGTRAP)."
+		echo "       Match it against the failure count before assuming a fault; confirm any real crash in gdb."
+	fi
+
 	# Sanitizer fault (ASan/LSan/UBSan/TSan): name the real cause instead of "build/crash error".
 	if grep -qE "$SAN_RE" "$LOG"; then
 		grep -nE "$SAN_RE" "$LOG" | head -4 | sed 's/^/    /'
 		echo "    -> sanitizer fault: if every test above is PASS, this is an exit-time abort, not a failed assertion."
 		echo "    -> read the full report by running the binary BARE (gdb hides it via ptrace): ./$bin 2>&1 | tail -40"
-		echo "RESULT: RED sanitizer fault — $(grep -ohE 'SUMMARY: [A-Za-z]+Sanitizer:.*' "$LOG" | tail -1 || echo 'see report above')"
+		echo "RESULT: RED sanitizer fault - $(grep -ohE 'SUMMARY: [A-Za-z]+Sanitizer:.*' "$LOG" | tail -1 || echo 'see report above')"
 		exit 1
 	fi
 
 	# All tests passed but the process still aborted at EXIT (ERRORED/SIGHUP/SIGABRT) and the
 	# sanitizer report was swallowed by the runner (often surfaced only as SIGHUP). Almost always a
-	# sanitizer fault — point at how to surface it rather than calling it a generic crash.
+	# sanitizer fault - point at how to surface it rather than calling it a generic crash.
 	if grep -qE "$PASS_RE" "$LOG" && grep -qE '\[ERRORED\]|SIGHUP|SIGABRT' "$LOG" && ! grep -qE ':FAIL\b|\[FAILED\]' "$LOG"; then
-		echo "    -> all tests passed but the process aborted at EXIT — likely an ASan/LSan fault whose report"
+		echo "    -> all tests passed but the process aborted at EXIT - likely an ASan/LSan fault whose report"
 		echo "       the runner swallowed (commonly shown as SIGHUP). Run the binary BARE to see it: ./$bin 2>&1 | tail -40"
-		echo "RESULT: RED exit-time abort (tests passed; likely sanitizer — see hint above)"
+		echo "RESULT: RED exit-time abort (tests passed; likely sanitizer - see hint above)"
 		exit 1
 	fi
 
@@ -245,33 +455,90 @@ if [[ $PIO_RC -ne 0 ]] || grep -qE "$FAIL_RE" "$LOG"; then
 fi
 if ! grep -qE "$PASS_RE" "$LOG"; then
 	echo ""
-	echo "RESULT: RED no success summary found (build error / no tests ran?) — see log"
+	# This path never runs verdict_red, and if the build died before any suite started there is no
+	# per-suite sandbox either - so without preserving here, "see log" points at nothing.
+	preserve_run_log
+	echo "RESULT: RED no success summary found (build error / no tests ran?)"
 	exit 1
 fi
 
-# Canonical-count rating suffix — appended to every verdict line so the result is always
+# Canonical-count rating suffix - appended to every verdict line so the result is always
 # rated against the registered total, not just the directory count.
 # If the two counts diverge (suite added/removed without updating native-suite-count), that
 # is itself surfaced as AMBER before we reach any verdict.
 canonical_rating() {
+	local rating=""
 	if [[ -n $CANONICAL_COUNT ]]; then
-		echo "[canonical: ${RAN_COUNT}/${CANONICAL_COUNT}]"
+		rating="[canonical: ${RAN_COUNT}/${CANONICAL_COUNT}]"
 	fi
+	# Carry the seed into the machine-readable line so a verdict is always replayable from it alone.
+	$SHUFFLE && rating="$rating [seed: $SEED]"
+	echo "$rating"
 }
 
-# AMBER: directory count disagrees with native-suite-count — file needs updating.
+# AMBER: directory count disagrees with native-suite-count - file needs updating.
 if [[ -n $CANONICAL_COUNT && $EXPECTED_COUNT -ne $CANONICAL_COUNT ]]; then
 	echo ""
 	if [[ $EXPECTED_COUNT -gt $CANONICAL_COUNT ]]; then
-		echo "RESULT: AMBER test/ has $EXPECTED_COUNT suite directories but native-suite-count says $CANONICAL_COUNT — update test/native-suite-count after registering new suites"
+		echo "RESULT: AMBER test/ has $EXPECTED_COUNT suite directories but native-suite-count says $CANONICAL_COUNT - update test/native-suite-count after registering new suites"
 	else
-		echo "RESULT: AMBER test/ has $EXPECTED_COUNT suite directories but native-suite-count says $CANONICAL_COUNT — update test/native-suite-count after removing suites"
+		echo "RESULT: AMBER test/ has $EXPECTED_COUNT suite directories but native-suite-count says $CANONICAL_COUNT - update test/native-suite-count after removing suites"
 	fi
 	exit 2
 fi
 
+# --- Shared-state axis --------------------------------------------------------
+# Read what the per-suite wrapper recorded. Reported after the count checks so a structural problem
+# still wins, and before the pass/fail verdict lines so the state summary always prints.
+DIRTY_SUITES=()
+MISSING_SUITES=()
+SURVIVOR_SUITES=()
+if [[ -f $STATE_SUMMARY ]]; then
+	mapfile -t DIRTY_SUITES < <(awk -F'\t' '$3 == "DIRTY" { print $1 " (" $4 ")" }' "$STATE_SUMMARY")
+	mapfile -t MISSING_SUITES < <(awk -F'\t' '$3 == "MISSING" { print $1 " (" $4 ")" }' "$STATE_SUMMARY")
+	mapfile -t SURVIVOR_SUITES < <(awk -F'\t' '$6 != "" { print $1 " (pid " $6 ")" }' "$STATE_SUMMARY")
+fi
+
+# Print the opt-out count on every run, so the number creeping upward is visible without anyone
+# auditing test/state-manifest.tsv on purpose.
+DECLARED_COUNT=0
+if [[ -f $ROOT_DIR/$STATE_MANIFEST_DEFAULT ]]; then
+	DECLARED_COUNT=$(grep -cvE '^[[:space:]]*(#|$)' "$ROOT_DIR/$STATE_MANIFEST_DEFAULT" || true)
+fi
+if ! $QUIET; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "shared state: $DECLARED_COUNT suite(s) declare non-default state handling (test/state-manifest.tsv)"
+fi
+
+# --write-manifest: propose, never apply. An auto-accepted baseline is the same rot as an
+# auto-updated snapshot, so this prints lines for a human to paste AND justify - the reason column
+# is the point, and only a person can write it.
+if $WRITE_MANIFEST; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "Proposed test/state-manifest.tsv entries from this run (paste and replace <why>):"
+	if [[ -f $STATE_SUMMARY ]]; then
+		awk -F'\t' '$3 == "DIRTY" {
+			detail = $4; sub(/^undeclared: /, "", detail);
+			n = split(detail, paths, " "); out = "";
+			for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) { base = paths[i]; sub(/^.*\//, "", base); out = out (i > 1 ? "," : "") base }
+			printf "%s\twrites=%s\t<why>\n", $1, out
+		}' "$STATE_SUMMARY" | sort -u | sed 's/^/  /'
+	fi
+	echo ""
+	echo "  Sandboxes kept under $STATE_DIR/<suite>/ - the leftovers themselves are the evidence."
+fi
+
+# MISSING is a warning, never a verdict: a declared write that did not happen catches silently
+# broken persistence (the upstream TAK config bug was a has_ flag never set, so the save wrote
+# nothing and no test noticed), but some declared writes are legitimately conditional.
+if ((${#MISSING_SUITES[@]} > 0)) && ! $QUIET; then
+	echo ""
+	echo "warning: declared writes that did not happen - check for silently broken persistence:"
+	printf '    %s\n' "${MISSING_SUITES[@]}"
+fi
+
 # AMBER: individual test cases were skipped (Unity TEST_IGNORE → :IGNORE: in output).
-# Applies to both full and filtered runs — a skipped test case is a lost signal either way.
+# Applies to both full and filtered runs - a skipped test case is a lost signal either way.
 mapfile -t IGNORED_TESTS < <(grep -oE '[^:]+:[0-9]+:[^:]+:IGNORE:.*' "$LOG" 2>/dev/null | sed 's/:IGNORE:.*//' | sort -u)
 IGNORED_COUNT=${#IGNORED_TESTS[@]}
 if [[ $IGNORED_COUNT -gt 0 ]]; then
@@ -283,7 +550,7 @@ if [[ $IGNORED_COUNT -gt 0 ]]; then
 	exit 2
 fi
 
-# AMBER: full run only — a canonical suite neither ran NOR was explicitly skipped (silently missing).
+# AMBER: full run only - a canonical suite neither ran NOR was explicitly skipped (silently missing).
 ACCOUNTED_COUNT=$((RAN_COUNT + ${#SKIPPED_SUITES[@]}))
 if [[ -z $FILTER && $ACCOUNTED_COUNT -lt $EXPECTED_COUNT ]]; then
 	missing=()
@@ -291,7 +558,37 @@ if [[ -z $FILTER && $ACCOUNTED_COUNT -lt $EXPECTED_COUNT ]]; then
 		printf '%s\n' "${RAN_SUITES[@]}" "${SKIPPED_SUITES[@]}" | grep -qx "$s" || missing+=("$s")
 	done
 	echo ""
-	echo "RESULT: AMBER ${RAN_COUNT}/${EXPECTED_COUNT} suites ran (missing: ${missing[*]}) — all that ran passed $(canonical_rating)"
+	echo "RESULT: AMBER ${RAN_COUNT}/${EXPECTED_COUNT} suites ran (missing: ${missing[*]}) - all that ran passed $(canonical_rating)"
+	exit 2
+fi
+
+# AMBER: a suite mutated shared state it does not declare. Per-suite isolation means this is no
+# longer dangerous - nothing survives the suite boundary - so it is graded AMBER rather than RED:
+# it means "undeclared", not "broken". Applies to filtered runs too, because a suite writing state
+# nobody declared is a finding whether or not its neighbours ran.
+if ((${#DIRTY_SUITES[@]} > 0)); then
+	echo ""
+	printf '    %s\n' "${DIRTY_SUITES[@]}"
+	echo ""
+	echo "    -> declare these in test/state-manifest.tsv with a reason, or stop the write."
+	echo "    -> ./bin/run-tests.sh --write-manifest prints the entries to paste."
+	echo "RESULT: AMBER ${#DIRTY_SUITES[@]} suite(s) left undeclared shared state $(canonical_rating)"
+	exit 2
+fi
+
+# AMBER: a suite was still running after PlatformIO reported it. A bare UNITY_END() ends the
+# reporting, not the process - the runtime goes on calling loop() - so the suite passes, the run goes
+# green, and the binary stays resident. The wrapper has already killed it, but the consequences do
+# not undo: its CLEAN/DIRTY verdict was measured against a tree it may still have been writing to,
+# and .gcda plus LeakSanitizer both flush from atexit handlers that never ran, so the suite silently
+# contributed no coverage and got no leak check. AMBER, not RED - the tests themselves did pass.
+if ((${#SURVIVOR_SUITES[@]} > 0)); then
+	echo ""
+	printf '    %s\n' "${SURVIVOR_SUITES[@]}"
+	echo ""
+	echo "    -> end every setup() branch with exit(UNITY_END()), not a bare UNITY_END()."
+	echo "    -> ./bin/lint-unity-exit.sh test/**/*.cpp finds the sites; see test/README.md."
+	echo "RESULT: AMBER ${#SURVIVOR_SUITES[@]} suite(s) still running after the suite finished $(canonical_rating)"
 	exit 2
 fi
 
@@ -302,10 +599,10 @@ if [[ -n $FILTER ]]; then
 	for s in "${ALL_SUITES[@]}"; do
 		printf '%s\n' "${RAN_SUITES[@]}" "${SKIPPED_SUITES[@]}" | grep -qx "$s" || not_run+=("$s")
 	done
-	echo "RESULT: FILTERED ${RAN_COUNT}/${EXPECTED_COUNT} suites ran (not run: ${not_run[*]}) — filtered: $FILTER $(canonical_rating)"
+	echo "RESULT: FILTERED ${RAN_COUNT}/${EXPECTED_COUNT} suites ran (not run: ${not_run[*]}) - filtered: $FILTER $(canonical_rating)"
 	exit 3
 fi
 
-# GREEN: all canonical suites ran, all passed, no ignored test cases.
-echo "RESULT: GREEN ${RAN_COUNT}/${EXPECTED_COUNT} suites passed $(canonical_rating)"
+# GREEN: all canonical suites ran, all passed, no ignored test cases, nothing undeclared left behind.
+echo "RESULT: GREEN ${RAN_COUNT}/${EXPECTED_COUNT} suites passed, all CLEAN $(canonical_rating)"
 exit 0

bin/test-lint-unity-exit.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Self-test for bin/lint-unity-exit.sh.
+#
+# This exists because the scanner has been wrong twice in review, both times in a way that looked
+# fine by inspection: layered regexes cannot tokenise C++, so a `/*` inside a string literal flipped
+# comment state, a greedy `.*` swallowed code between two comments, `myexit(...)` matched the `exit`
+# exemption as a substring, and `==` matched the assignment exemption. Every one of those is pinned
+# below as a fixture, so the next rewrite has to keep them all passing.
+#
+# Each fixture is a snippet of C++ plus the exact diagnostics it must produce, as a comma-separated
+# list of <line>:<col> - empty for none. Asserting the locations rather than just "did it say
+# anything" is what catches a rule that reports the right number of findings in the wrong places, or
+# that collapses two findings on one line into one.
+#
+# Not a Unity suite and not counted in test/native-suite-count - same arrangement as
+# bin/test-state-check.sh, and for the same reason: it asserts the behaviour of a process.
+#
+# Usage: ./bin/test-lint-unity-exit.sh   (exit 0 = all fixtures behaved)
+
+set -uo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
+ROOT_DIR="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)"
+cd "$ROOT_DIR" || exit 1
+
+WORK="$(mktemp -d -t meshlintunity.XXXXXX)"
+trap 'rm -rf "$WORK"' EXIT
+mkdir -p "$WORK/test/probe"
+
+PASSES=0
+FAILURES=0
+
+# expect "<line>:<col>[,<line>:<col>...]" <label> <body>   ("" = no diagnostics expected)
+expect() {
+	local want="$1" label="$2" body="$3"
+	local f="$WORK/test/probe/case.cpp"
+	printf '%s\n' "$body" >"$f"
+
+	# Reduce each diagnostic to line:col. The message text is asserted once, separately, so a
+	# reworded message does not churn every fixture here.
+	local got
+	got="$(cd "$WORK" && "$SCRIPT_DIR/lint-unity-exit.sh" test/probe/case.cpp |
+		awk -F: '{printf "%s%s:%s", (NR > 1 ? "," : ""), $2, $3}')"
+
+	if [[ $got == "$want" ]]; then
+		echo "  PASS  $label - [${want:-none}]"
+		PASSES=$((PASSES + 1))
+	else
+		echo "  FAIL  $label - expected [${want:-none}], got [${got:-none}]"
+		FAILURES=$((FAILURES + 1))
+	fi
+}
+
+echo "Terminating forms (must NOT be reported):"
+expect "" "exit(UNITY_END()) on one line" 'void s() { UNITY_BEGIN(); exit(UNITY_END()); }'
+expect "" "exit( and the macro on separate lines" 'void s() {
+    exit(
+        UNITY_END());
+}'
+expect "" "capture-then-exit" 'void s() { const int rc = UNITY_END(); restore(); exit(rc); }'
+
+echo
+echo "Bare calls (MUST be reported):"
+expect "1:27" "plain bare call" 'void s() { UNITY_BEGIN(); UNITY_END(); }'
+expect "2:27" "bare call in an #else branch" '#else
+void s() { UNITY_BEGIN(); UNITY_END(); }
+#endif'
+# `return` finalises the report and returns a count; it does not terminate the runner, and there is
+# no main() under test/ from which it would.
+expect "1:19" "return UNITY_END() does not terminate" 'void s() { return UNITY_END(); }'
+# `exit` must be a whole identifier, not a suffix of some other function.
+expect "1:19" "myexit(UNITY_END()) is not exit()" 'void s() { myexit(UNITY_END()); }'
+# The assignment exemption is for capture; comparison and compound assignment are not capture.
+expect "1:21" "== is not an assignment" 'void s() { if (x == UNITY_END()) return; }'
+expect "1:21" "+= is not an assignment" 'void s() { total += UNITY_END(); }'
+
+echo
+echo "Comments and literals (the two classes that broke it before):"
+expect "" "line comment mentioning the macro" 'void s() { exit(UNITY_END()); } // call UNITY_END() at the end'
+expect "" "block comment interior mentioning the macro" '/* a comment
+   that mentions UNITY_END()
+   across lines */
+void s() { exit(UNITY_END()); }'
+expect "" "the macro inside a string literal" 'void s() { TEST_MESSAGE("call UNITY_END() when done"); exit(UNITY_END()); }'
+expect "1:34" "a string containing /* must not open a comment" 'void s() { const char *p = "/*"; UNITY_END(); }'
+expect "1:24" "code between two block comments on one line" 'void s() { /* first */ UNITY_END(); /* second */ }'
+expect "1:36" "escaped quote inside a string does not end it" 'void s() { const char *p = "a\"b"; UNITY_END(); }'
+
+echo
+echo "Multiple occurrences on one line (count and caret must both be right):"
+# The caret must land on the BARE call at column 31, not the wrapped one at 17.
+expect "1:31" "one wrapped and one bare on the same line" 'void s() { exit(UNITY_END()); UNITY_END(); }'
+expect "1:12,1:25" "two bare calls on one line report twice" 'void s() { UNITY_END(); UNITY_END(); }'
+
+echo
+if ((FAILURES > 0)); then
+	echo "RESULT: RED lint-unity-exit self-test - $FAILURES of $((PASSES + FAILURES)) fixtures behaved unexpectedly"
+	exit 1
+fi
+echo "RESULT: GREEN lint-unity-exit self-test - $PASSES/$PASSES fixtures behaved as specified"
+exit 0

bin/test-state-check.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Self-test for the shared-state checker in bin/pio-test-isolate.sh.
+#
+# A checker that silently matches everything passes forever and nobody finds out - which is exactly
+# how the leak it exists to catch survived. So it ships with fixtures: stand-in "suites" that write
+# nothing, write exactly what they declare, write something undeclared, and declare a write they
+# never make, asserting CLEAN / CLEAN / DIRTY / MISSING respectively. Plus one that proves the
+# before-empty assertion fires, because an after-diff measured against a dirty baseline reports
+# green while meaning nothing.
+#
+# Not a Unity suite and not counted in test/native-suite-count - the same arrangement as
+# bin/test-config-check.sh, and for the same reason: what it asserts is the behaviour of a process,
+# not of a linkable function.
+#
+# Usage: ./bin/test-state-check.sh   (exit 0 = all fixtures behaved)
+
+set -uo pipefail
+
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
+ROOT_DIR="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)"
+cd "$ROOT_DIR" || exit 1
+
+WORK="$(mktemp -d -t meshstatecheck.XXXXXX)"
+trap 'rm -rf "$WORK"' EXIT
+
+PREFS=".portduino/default/prefs"
+MANIFEST="$WORK/manifest.tsv"
+cat >"$MANIFEST" <<EOF
+# suite	flags	reason
+test_fixture_declared	writes=nodes.proto	fixture: writes exactly what it declares
+test_fixture_undeclared	writes=nodes.proto	fixture: declares one file and writes two
+test_fixture_missing	writes=warm.dat	fixture: declares a write it never makes
+EOF
+
+# Stand-in for a suite binary. Writes the files named in FIXTURE_WRITES into its own $HOME, and
+# prints a Unity-shaped line so the wrapper can recover the suite name the same way it does for a
+# real suite.
+FAKE="$WORK/fake-suite.sh"
+cat >"$FAKE" <<'EOF'
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -u
+echo "test/${FIXTURE_SUITE}/test_main.cpp:1:test_fixture:PASS"
+mkdir -p "$HOME/.portduino/default/prefs"
+for f in ${FIXTURE_WRITES:-}; do
+  printf 'fixture payload\n' > "$HOME/.portduino/default/prefs/$f"
+done
+exit "${FIXTURE_RC:-0}"
+EOF
+chmod +x "$FAKE"
+
+PASSES=0
+FAILURES=0
+
+# Run one fixture through the real wrapper and compare the verdict it recorded.
+expect_verdict() {
+	local label="$1" suite="$2" writes="$3" want="$4"
+	local state_dir="$WORK/state-$suite"
+	local summary="$state_dir/summary.tsv"
+	rm -rf "$state_dir"
+	mkdir -p "$state_dir"
+
+	FIXTURE_SUITE="$suite" FIXTURE_WRITES="$writes" \
+		MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_DIR="$state_dir" \
+		MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_SUMMARY="$summary" \
+		MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_MANIFEST="$MANIFEST" \
+		"$SCRIPT_DIR/pio-test-isolate.sh" "$FAKE" >/dev/null 2>&1
+
+	local got
+	got="$(awk -F'\t' -v s="$suite" '$1 == s { print $3; exit }' "$summary" 2>/dev/null)"
+	if [[ $got == "$want" ]]; then
+		echo "  PASS  $label - $want"
+		PASSES=$((PASSES + 1))
+	else
+		echo "  FAIL  $label - expected $want, got '${got:-<no entry>}'"
+		FAILURES=$((FAILURES + 1))
+	fi
+}
+
+echo "Fixture suites (verdict axis):"
+expect_verdict "writes nothing" test_fixture_clean "" CLEAN
+expect_verdict "writes what it declares" test_fixture_declared "nodes.proto" CLEAN
+expect_verdict "writes something undeclared" test_fixture_undeclared "nodes.proto warm.dat" DIRTY
+expect_verdict "declares a write it skips" test_fixture_missing "" MISSING
+
+# Survivor axis. Stands in for a suite that ends on a bare UNITY_END(): it prints its Unity line and
+# returns, but leaves a process running inside the sandbox $HOME, exactly as the runtime's loop()
+# does. Asserts the wrapper both records it and kills it - a detector that reports without reaping
+# would leave the host accumulating processes, which is half the harm.
+echo
+echo "Survivor axis (state_find_survivors):"
+LEAKY="$WORK/leaky-suite.sh"
+cat >"$LEAKY" <<'EOF'
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -u
+echo "test/${FIXTURE_SUITE}/test_main.cpp:1:test_fixture:PASS"
+mkdir -p "$HOME/.portduino/default/prefs"
+# Detached from this shell's stdout so the wrapper's `| tee` sees EOF and the pipeline returns -
+# the survivor outlives the suite exactly as a spun loop() does.
+setsid sleep 300 >/dev/null 2>&1 &
+printf '%s\n' "$!" > "$HOME/../survivor.pid"
+exit 0
+EOF
+chmod +x "$LEAKY"
+
+survivor_dir="$WORK/state-survivor"
+mkdir -p "$survivor_dir"
+FIXTURE_SUITE=test_fixture_survivor \
+	MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_DIR="$survivor_dir" \
+	MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_SUMMARY="$survivor_dir/summary.tsv" \
+	MESHTASTIC_TEST_STATE_MANIFEST="$MANIFEST" \
+	"$SCRIPT_DIR/pio-test-isolate.sh" "$LEAKY" >/dev/null 2>&1
+
+recorded="$(awk -F'\t' '$1 == "test_fixture_survivor" { print $6; exit }' "$survivor_dir/summary.tsv" 2>/dev/null)"
+if [[ -n ${recorded// /} ]]; then
+	echo "  PASS  a process outliving the suite is reported"
+	PASSES=$((PASSES + 1))
+else
+	echo "  FAIL  a process outliving the suite went unreported"
+	FAILURES=$((FAILURES + 1))
+fi
+
+# Find the pid file by search, not by a glob that assumes a directory depth: the wrapper renames
+# its mktemp'd sandbox to the suite name when it keeps it, so the path is not fixed. Assert the
+# file was found BEFORE asserting the process is gone - otherwise an empty pid takes the "not
+# running" branch and the check passes without having checked anything.
+leaked_pid="$(cat "$(find "$survivor_dir" -name survivor.pid -print -quit 2>/dev/null)" 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
+if [[ -z $leaked_pid ]]; then
+	echo "  FAIL  no survivor pid recorded - the reap assertion would pass vacuously"
+	FAILURES=$((FAILURES + 1))
+elif kill -0 "$leaked_pid" 2>/dev/null; then
+	echo "  FAIL  the survivor was reported but left running (pid $leaked_pid)"
+	kill -9 "$leaked_pid" 2>/dev/null
+	FAILURES=$((FAILURES + 1))
+else
+	echo "  PASS  the survivor is reaped, not just reported (pid $leaked_pid)"
+	PASSES=$((PASSES + 1))
+fi
+
+# Guard the guard. The wrapper mktemp's its own sandbox name, so the leak cannot be staged through
+# it; exercise the assertion the wrapper actually calls instead - same function, same code path.
+echo
+echo "Before-empty assertion (state_assert_empty):"
+# shellcheck source=bin/lib/test-state.sh
+source "$SCRIPT_DIR/lib/test-state.sh"
+
+seeded="$WORK/seeded"
+mkdir -p "$seeded/$PREFS"
+printf 'stale\n' >"$seeded/$PREFS/nodes.proto"
+if state_assert_empty "$seeded" 2>/dev/null; then
+	echo "  FAIL  a dirty sandbox was accepted - the after-diff would measure against the wrong baseline"
+	FAILURES=$((FAILURES + 1))
+else
+	echo "  PASS  a dirty sandbox is refused"
+	PASSES=$((PASSES + 1))
+fi
+
+empty="$WORK/empty"
+mkdir -p "$empty"
+if state_assert_empty "$empty" 2>/dev/null; then
+	echo "  PASS  an empty sandbox is accepted"
+	PASSES=$((PASSES + 1))
+else
+	echo "  FAIL  an empty sandbox was refused - the assertion matches everything"
+	FAILURES=$((FAILURES + 1))
+fi
+
+echo
+if ((FAILURES > 0)); then
+	echo "RESULT: RED state-checker self-test - $FAILURES of $((PASSES + FAILURES)) fixtures behaved unexpectedly"
+	exit 1
+fi
+echo "RESULT: GREEN state-checker self-test - $PASSES/$PASSES fixtures behaved as specified"
+exit 0