Merge branch 'develop' into Freetext

Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.clusterfuzzlite/Dockerfile

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ ENV PIP_ROOT_USER_ACTION=ignore
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
         cmake git zip libgpiod-dev libbluetooth-dev libi2c-dev \
         libunistring-dev libmicrohttpd-dev libgnutls28-dev libgcrypt20-dev \
-        libusb-1.0-0-dev libssl-dev pkg-config libsqlite3-dev && \
+        libusb-1.0-0-dev libssl-dev pkg-config libsqlite3-dev libsdl2-dev && \
     apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* && \
     pip install --no-cache-dir -U \
         platformio==6.1.16 \

.envrc

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+use nix

.github/workflows/main_matrix.yml

@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ jobs:
           pio_platform: ${{ matrix.check.platform }}
           pio_env: ${{ matrix.check.board }}
           pio_target: check
+          pio_opts: --fail-on-defect=low
 
   build:
     needs: [setup, version]

.github/workflows/models_issue_triage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+name: Issue Triage (Models)
+
+on:
+  issues:
+    types: [opened]
+
+permissions:
+  issues: write
+  models: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.issue.number }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  triage:
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'meshtastic/firmware' && github.event.issue.user.type != 'Bot' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 1: Quality check (spam/AI-slop detection) - runs first, exits early if spam
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Detect spam or low-quality content
+        uses: actions/ai-inference@v2
+        id: quality
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          max-tokens: 20
+          prompt: |
+            Is this GitHub issue spam, AI-generated slop, or low quality?
+
+            Title: ${{ github.event.issue.title }}
+            Body: ${{ github.event.issue.body }}
+
+            Respond with exactly one of: spam, ai-generated, needs-review, ok
+          system-prompt: You detect spam and low-quality contributions. Be conservative - only flag obvious spam or AI slop.
+          model: openai/gpt-4o-mini
+
+      - name: Apply quality label if needed
+        if: steps.quality.outputs.response != '' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'ok'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        env:
+          QUALITY_LABEL: ${{ steps.quality.outputs.response }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const label = (process.env.QUALITY_LABEL || '').trim().toLowerCase();
+            const labelMeta = {
+              'spam': { color: 'd73a4a', description: 'Possible spam' },
+              'ai-generated': { color: 'fbca04', description: 'Possible AI-generated low-quality content' },
+              'needs-review': { color: 'f9d0c4', description: 'Needs human review' },
+            };
+            const meta = labelMeta[label];
+            if (!meta) return;
+
+            // Ensure label exists
+            try {
+              await github.rest.issues.getLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label });
+            } catch (e) {
+              if (e.status !== 404) throw e;
+              await github.rest.issues.createLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label, color: meta.color, description: meta.description });
+            }
+
+            // Apply label
+            await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, issue_number: context.payload.issue.number, labels: [label] });
+
+            // Set output to skip remaining steps
+            core.setOutput('is_spam', 'true');
+
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 2: Duplicate detection - only if not spam
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Detect duplicate issues
+        if: steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == ''
+        uses: pelikhan/action-genai-issue-dedup@bdb3b5d9451c1090ffcdf123d7447a5e7c7a2528 # v0.0.19
+        with:
+          github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 3: Completeness check + auto-labeling (combined into one AI call)
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Determine if completeness check should be skipped
+        if: steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == ''
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        id: check-skip
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const title = (context.payload.issue.title || '').toLowerCase();
+            const labels = (context.payload.issue.labels || []).map(label => label.name);
+            const hasFeatureRequest = title.includes('feature request');
+            const hasEnhancement = labels.includes('enhancement');
+            const shouldSkip = hasFeatureRequest && hasEnhancement;
+            core.setOutput('should_skip', shouldSkip ? 'true' : 'false');
+
+      - name: Analyze issue completeness and determine labels
+        if: (steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == '') && steps.check-skip.outputs.should_skip != 'true'
+        uses: actions/ai-inference@v2
+        id: analysis
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          prompt: |
+            Analyze this GitHub issue for completeness and determine if it needs labels.
+
+            IMPORTANT: Distinguish between:
+            - Device/firmware bugs (crashes, reboots, lockups, radio/GPS/display/power issues) - these need device logs
+            - Build/release/packaging issues (missing files, CI failures, download problems) - these do NOT need device logs
+            - Documentation or website issues - these do NOT need device logs
+
+            If this is a device/firmware bug, request device logs and explain how to get them:
+
+            Web Flasher logs:
+            - Go to https://flasher.meshtastic.org
+            - Connect the device via USB and click Connect
+            - Open the device console/log output, reproduce the problem, then copy/download and attach/paste the logs
+
+            Meshtastic CLI logs:
+            - Run: meshtastic --port <serial-port> --noproto
+            - Reproduce the problem, then copy/paste the terminal output
+
+            Also request key context if missing: device model/variant, firmware version, region, steps to reproduce, expected vs actual.
+
+            Respond ONLY with valid JSON (no markdown, no code fences):
+            {"complete": true, "comment": "", "label": "none"}
+            OR
+            {"complete": false, "comment": "Your helpful comment", "label": "needs-logs"}
+
+            Use "needs-logs" ONLY if this is a device/firmware bug AND no logs are attached.
+            Use "needs-info" if basic info like firmware version or steps to reproduce are missing.
+            Use "none" if the issue is complete, is a feature request, or is a build/CI/packaging issue.
+
+            Title: ${{ github.event.issue.title }}
+            Body: ${{ github.event.issue.body }}
+          system-prompt: You are a helpful assistant that triages GitHub issues. Be conservative with labels. Only request device logs for actual device/firmware bugs, not for build/release/CI issues.
+          model: openai/gpt-4o-mini
+
+      - name: Process analysis result
+        if: (steps.quality.outputs.response == 'ok' || steps.quality.outputs.response == '') && steps.check-skip.outputs.should_skip != 'true' && steps.analysis.outputs.response != ''
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        id: process
+        env:
+          AI_RESPONSE: ${{ steps.analysis.outputs.response }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            let raw = (process.env.AI_RESPONSE || '').trim();
+
+            // Strip markdown code fences if present
+            raw = raw.replace(/^```(?:json)?\s*/i, '').replace(/\s*```$/i, '').trim();
+
+            let complete = true;
+            let comment = '';
+            let label = 'none';
+
+            try {
+              const parsed = JSON.parse(raw);
+              complete = !!parsed.complete;
+              comment = (parsed.comment ?? '').toString().trim();
+              label = (parsed.label ?? 'none').toString().trim().toLowerCase();
+            } catch {
+              // If JSON parse fails, log warning and don't comment (avoid posting raw JSON)
+              console.log('Failed to parse AI response as JSON:', raw);
+              complete = true;
+              comment = '';
+              label = 'none';
+            }
+
+            // Validate label
+            const allowedLabels = new Set(['needs-logs', 'needs-info', 'none']);
+            if (!allowedLabels.has(label)) label = 'none';
+
+            // Only comment if we have a valid parsed comment (not raw JSON)
+            const shouldComment = !complete && comment.length > 0 && !comment.startsWith('{');
+            core.setOutput('should_comment', shouldComment ? 'true' : 'false');
+            core.setOutput('comment_body', comment);
+            core.setOutput('label', label);
+
+      - name: Apply triage label
+        if: steps.process.outputs.label != '' && steps.process.outputs.label != 'none'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        env:
+          LABEL_NAME: ${{ steps.process.outputs.label }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const label = process.env.LABEL_NAME;
+            const labelMeta = {
+              'needs-logs': { color: 'cfd3d7', description: 'Device logs requested for triage' },
+              'needs-info': { color: 'f9d0c4', description: 'More information requested for triage' },
+            };
+            const meta = labelMeta[label];
+            if (!meta) return;
+
+            // Ensure label exists
+            try {
+              await github.rest.issues.getLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label });
+            } catch (e) {
+              if (e.status !== 404) throw e;
+              await github.rest.issues.createLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label, color: meta.color, description: meta.description });
+            }
+
+            // Apply label
+            await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, issue_number: context.payload.issue.number, labels: [label] });
+
+      - name: Comment on issue
+        if: steps.process.outputs.should_comment == 'true'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        env:
+          COMMENT_BODY: ${{ steps.process.outputs.comment_body }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            await github.rest.issues.createComment({
+              owner: context.repo.owner,
+              repo: context.repo.repo,
+              issue_number: context.payload.issue.number,
+              body: process.env.COMMENT_BODY
+            });

.github/workflows/models_pr_triage.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+name: PR Triage (Models)
+
+on:
+  pull_request_target:
+    types: [opened]
+
+permissions:
+  pull-requests: write
+  issues: write
+  models: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+jobs:
+  triage:
+    if: ${{ github.repository == 'meshtastic/firmware' && github.event.pull_request.user.type != 'Bot' }}
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 1: Check if PR already has automation/type labels (skip if so)
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Check existing labels
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        id: check-labels
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const skipLabels = new Set(['automation']);
+            const typeLabels = new Set(['bugfix', 'hardware-support', 'enhancement', 'dependencies', 'submodules', 'github_actions', 'trunk', 'cleanup']);
+            const prLabels = context.payload.pull_request.labels.map(l => l.name);
+
+            const shouldSkipAll = prLabels.some(l => skipLabels.has(l));
+            const hasTypeLabel = prLabels.some(l => typeLabels.has(l));
+
+            core.setOutput('skip_all', shouldSkipAll ? 'true' : 'false');
+            core.setOutput('has_type_label', hasTypeLabel ? 'true' : 'false');
+
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 2: Quality check (spam/AI-slop detection)
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Detect spam or low-quality content
+        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true'
+        uses: actions/ai-inference@v2
+        id: quality
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          max-tokens: 20
+          prompt: |
+            Is this GitHub pull request spam, AI-generated slop, or low quality?
+
+            Title: ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }}
+            Body: ${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}
+
+            Respond with exactly one of: spam, ai-generated, needs-review, ok
+          system-prompt: You detect spam and low-quality contributions. Be conservative - only flag obvious spam or AI slop.
+          model: openai/gpt-4o-mini
+
+      - name: Apply quality label if needed
+        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true' && steps.quality.outputs.response != '' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'ok'
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        id: quality-label
+        env:
+          QUALITY_LABEL: ${{ steps.quality.outputs.response }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const label = (process.env.QUALITY_LABEL || '').trim().toLowerCase();
+            const labelMeta = {
+              'spam': { color: 'd73a4a', description: 'Possible spam' },
+              'ai-generated': { color: 'fbca04', description: 'Possible AI-generated low-quality content' },
+              'needs-review': { color: 'f9d0c4', description: 'Needs human review' },
+            };
+            const meta = labelMeta[label];
+            if (!meta) return;
+
+            // Ensure label exists
+            try {
+              await github.rest.issues.getLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label });
+            } catch (e) {
+              if (e.status !== 404) throw e;
+              await github.rest.issues.createLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label, color: meta.color, description: meta.description });
+            }
+
+            // Apply label
+            await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, issue_number: context.payload.pull_request.number, labels: [label] });
+
+            core.setOutput('is_spam', 'true');
+
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      # Step 3: Auto-label PR type (bugfix/hardware-support/enhancement)
+      # Only skip for spam/ai-generated; still classify needs-review PRs
+      # ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+      - name: Classify PR for labeling
+        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true' && steps.check-labels.outputs.has_type_label != 'true' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'spam' && steps.quality.outputs.response != 'ai-generated'
+        uses: actions/ai-inference@v2
+        id: classify
+        continue-on-error: true
+        with:
+          max-tokens: 30
+          prompt: |
+            Classify this pull request into exactly one category.
+
+            Return exactly one of: bugfix, hardware-support, enhancement
+
+            Use bugfix if it fixes a bug, crash, or incorrect behavior.
+            Use hardware-support if it adds or improves support for a specific hardware device/variant.
+            Use enhancement if it adds a new feature, improves performance, or refactors code.
+
+            Title: ${{ github.event.pull_request.title }}
+            Body: ${{ github.event.pull_request.body }}
+          system-prompt: You classify pull requests into categories. Be conservative and pick the most appropriate single label.
+          model: openai/gpt-4o-mini
+
+      - name: Apply type label
+        if: steps.check-labels.outputs.skip_all != 'true' && steps.check-labels.outputs.has_type_label != 'true' && steps.classify.outputs.response != ''
+        uses: actions/github-script@v8
+        env:
+          TYPE_LABEL: ${{ steps.classify.outputs.response }}
+        with:
+          script: |
+            const label = (process.env.TYPE_LABEL || '').trim().toLowerCase();
+            const labelMeta = {
+              'bugfix': { color: 'd73a4a', description: 'Bug fix' },
+              'hardware-support': { color: '0e8a16', description: 'Hardware support addition or improvement' },
+              'enhancement': { color: 'a2eeef', description: 'New feature or enhancement' },
+            };
+            const meta = labelMeta[label];
+            if (!meta) return;
+
+            // Ensure label exists
+            try {
+              await github.rest.issues.getLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label });
+            } catch (e) {
+              if (e.status !== 404) throw e;
+              await github.rest.issues.createLabel({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, name: label, color: meta.color, description: meta.description });
+            }
+
+            // Apply label
+            await github.rest.issues.addLabels({ owner: context.repo.owner, repo: context.repo.repo, issue_number: context.payload.pull_request.number, labels: [label] });

.gitignore

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ __pycache__
 *~
 
 venv/
+.venv/
 release/
 .vscode/extensions.json
 /compile_commands.json
@@ -50,3 +51,6 @@ idf_component.yml
 CMakeLists.txt
 /sdkconfig.*
 .dummy/*
+
+# PYTHONPATH used by the Nix shell
+.python3

.trunk/trunk.yaml

@@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ plugins:
       uri: https://github.com/trunk-io/plugins
 lint:
   enabled:
-    - checkov@3.2.497
-    - renovate@42.84.2
-    - prettier@3.8.0
-    - trufflehog@3.92.5
+    - checkov@3.2.501
+    - renovate@43.10.3
+    - prettier@3.8.1
+    - trufflehog@3.93.3
     - yamllint@1.38.0
     - bandit@1.9.3
-    - trivy@0.68.2
+    - trivy@0.69.1
     - taplo@0.10.0
-    - ruff@0.14.13
+    - ruff@0.15.1
     - isort@7.0.0
     - markdownlint@0.47.0
-    - oxipng@10.0.0
+    - oxipng@10.1.0
     - svgo@4.0.0
     - actionlint@1.7.10
     - flake8@7.3.0

Dockerfile

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ RUN apt-get update && apt-get install --no-install-recommends -y \
         curl wget g++ zip git ca-certificates pkg-config \
         libgpiod-dev libyaml-cpp-dev libbluetooth-dev libi2c-dev libuv1-dev \
         libusb-1.0-0-dev libulfius-dev liborcania-dev libssl-dev \
-        libx11-dev libinput-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev libsqlite3-dev \
+        libx11-dev libinput-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev libsqlite3-dev libsdl2-dev \
     && apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
     && pip install --no-cache-dir -U platformio \
     && mkdir /tmp/firmware
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ USER root
 RUN apt-get update && apt-get --no-install-recommends -y install \
         libc-bin libc6 libgpiod3 libyaml-cpp0.8 libi2c0 libuv1t64 libusb-1.0-0-dev \
         liborcania2.3 libulfius2.7t64 libssl3t64 \
-        libx11-6 libinput10 libxkbcommon-x11-0 \
+        libx11-6 libinput10 libxkbcommon-x11-0 libsdl2-2.0-0 \
     && apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
     && mkdir -p /var/lib/meshtasticd \
     && mkdir -p /etc/meshtasticd/config.d \

alpine.Dockerfile

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ RUN apk --no-cache add \
         bash g++ libstdc++-dev linux-headers zip git ca-certificates libbsd-dev \
         libgpiod-dev yaml-cpp-dev bluez-dev \
         libusb-dev i2c-tools-dev libuv-dev openssl-dev pkgconf argp-standalone \
-        libx11-dev libinput-dev libxkbcommon-dev sqlite-dev \
+        libx11-dev libinput-dev libxkbcommon-dev sqlite-dev sdl2-dev \
     && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/* \
     && pip install --no-cache-dir -U platformio \
     && mkdir /tmp/firmware
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ USER root
 
 RUN apk --no-cache add \
         shadow libstdc++ libbsd libgpiod yaml-cpp libusb \
-        i2c-tools libuv libx11 libinput libxkbcommon \
+        i2c-tools libuv libx11 libinput libxkbcommon sdl2 \
     && rm -rf /var/cache/apk/* \
     && mkdir -p /var/lib/meshtasticd \
     && mkdir -p /etc/meshtasticd/config.d \

bin/device-install.bat

@@ -156,16 +156,8 @@ IF %BPS_RESET% EQU 1 (
 SET "PROGNAME=!FILENAME:.factory.bin=!"
 CALL :LOG_MESSAGE DEBUG "Computed PROGNAME: !PROGNAME!"
 
-IF "__!MCU!__" == "__esp32s3__" (
-    @REM We are working with ESP32-S3
-    SET "OTA_FILENAME=bleota-s3.bin"
-) ELSE IF "__!MCU!__" == "__esp32c3__" (
-    @REM We are working with ESP32-C3
-    SET "OTA_FILENAME=bleota-c3.bin"
-) ELSE (
-    @REM Everything else
-    SET "OTA_FILENAME=bleota.bin"
-)
+@REM Determine OTA filename based on MCU type (unified OTA format)
+SET "OTA_FILENAME=mt-!MCU!-ota.bin"
 CALL :LOG_MESSAGE DEBUG "Set OTA_FILENAME to: !OTA_FILENAME!"
 
 @REM Set SPIFFS filename with "littlefs-" prefix.

bin/device-install.sh

@@ -131,14 +131,8 @@ if [[ -f "$FILENAME" && "$FILENAME" == *.factory.bin ]]; then
         exit 1
     fi
 
-    # Determine OTA filename based on MCU type
-    if [ "$MCU" == "esp32s3" ]; then
-        OTAFILE=bleota-s3.bin
-    elif [ "$MCU" == "esp32c3" ]; then
-        OTAFILE=bleota-c3.bin
-    else
-        OTAFILE=bleota.bin
-    fi
+    # Determine OTA filename based on MCU type (unified OTA format)
+    OTAFILE="mt-${MCU}-ota.bin"
 
     # Set SPIFFS filename with "littlefs-" prefix.
     SPIFFSFILE="littlefs-${PROGNAME/firmware-/}.bin"

bin/org.meshtastic.meshtasticd.metainfo.xml

@@ -87,6 +87,9 @@
   </screenshots>
 
   <releases>
+    <release version="2.7.20" date="2026-02-11">
+      <url type="details">https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/releases?q=tag%3Av2.7.20</url>
+    </release>
     <release version="2.7.19" date="2026-01-22">
       <url type="details">https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/releases?q=tag%3Av2.7.19</url>
     </release>

boards/me25ls01-4y10td.json

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "Minesemi ME25LS01",

boards/meshlink.json

@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "MeshLink",

boards/minimesh_lite.json

@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "Minimesh Lite",

boards/ms24sf1.json

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "MINEWSEMI_MS24SF1_SX1262",

boards/nano-g2-ultra.json

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "BQ nRF52840",

boards/promicro-nrf52840.json

@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "ProMicro compatible nRF52840",

boards/station-g2.json

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     "extra_flags": [
       "-DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM",
       "-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1",
-      "-DARDUINO_USB_MODE=0",
+      "-DARDUINO_USB_MODE=1",
       "-DARDUINO_RUNNING_CORE=1",
       "-DARDUINO_EVENT_RUNNING_CORE=0"
     ],

boards/tracker-t1000-e.json

@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "Seeed T1000-E",

boards/wio-sdk-wm1110.json

@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino", "freertos"],
   "name": "Seeed WIO WM1110",

boards/wio-t1000-s.json

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "Seeed WIO WM1110",

boards/wio-tracker-wm1110.json

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
   "connectivity": ["bluetooth"],
   "debug": {
     "jlink_device": "nRF52840_xxAA",
-    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd"
+    "svd_path": "nrf52840.svd",
+    "openocd_target": "nrf52840-mdk-rs"
   },
   "frameworks": ["arduino"],
   "name": "Seeed WIO WM1110",

debian/changelog

@@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
+meshtasticd (2.7.20.0) unstable; urgency=medium
+
+  * Version 2.7.20
+
+ -- GitHub Actions <github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>  Wed, 11 Feb 2026 12:19:54 +0000
+
 meshtasticd (2.7.19.0) unstable; urgency=medium
 
   * Version 2.7.19

debian/control

@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Build-Depends: debhelper-compat (= 13),
                libx11-dev,
                libinput-dev,
                libxkbcommon-x11-dev,
-               libsqlite3-dev
+               libsqlite3-dev,
+               libsdl2-dev
 Standards-Version: 4.6.2
 Homepage: https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware
 Rules-Requires-Root: no

flake.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+{
+  "nodes": {
+    "flake-compat": {
+      "flake": false,
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1767039857,
+        "narHash": "sha256-vNpUSpF5Nuw8xvDLj2KCwwksIbjua2LZCqhV1LNRDns=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "flake-compat",
+        "rev": "5edf11c44bc78a0d334f6334cdaf7d60d732daab",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "flake-compat",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "nixpkgs": {
+      "locked": {
+        "lastModified": 1766314097,
+        "narHash": "sha256-laJftWbghBehazn/zxVJ8NdENVgjccsWAdAqKXhErrM=",
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "rev": "306ea70f9eb0fb4e040f8540e2deab32ed7e2055",
+        "type": "github"
+      },
+      "original": {
+        "owner": "NixOS",
+        "ref": "nixpkgs-unstable",
+        "repo": "nixpkgs",
+        "type": "github"
+      }
+    },
+    "root": {
+      "inputs": {
+        "flake-compat": "flake-compat",
+        "nixpkgs": "nixpkgs"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  "root": "root",
+  "version": 7
+}

flake.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+{
+  description = "Nix flake to compile Meshtastic firmware";
+
+  inputs = {
+    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable";
+
+    # Shim to make flake.nix work with stable Nix.
+    flake-compat = {
+      url = "github:NixOS/flake-compat";
+      flake = false;
+    };
+  };
+
+  outputs =
+    inputs:
+    let
+      lib = inputs.nixpkgs.lib;
+
+      forAllSystems =
+        fn:
+        lib.genAttrs lib.systems.flakeExposed (
+          system:
+          fn {
+            pkgs = import inputs.nixpkgs {
+              inherit system;
+            };
+            inherit system;
+          }
+        );
+    in
+    {
+      devShells = forAllSystems (
+        { pkgs, ... }:
+        let
+          python3 = pkgs.python312.withPackages (
+            ps: with ps; [
+              google
+            ]
+          );
+        in
+        {
+          default = pkgs.mkShell {
+            buildInputs = with pkgs; [
+              python3
+              platformio
+            ];
+
+            shellHook = ''
+              # Set up PlatformIO to use a local core directory.
+              export PLATFORMIO_CORE_DIR=$PWD/.platformio
+              # Tell pip to put packages into $PIP_PREFIX instead of the usual
+              # location. This is especially necessary under NixOS to avoid having
+              # pip trying to write to the read-only Nix store. For more info,
+              # see https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/Python
+              export PIP_PREFIX=$PWD/.python3
+              export PYTHONPATH="$PIP_PREFIX/${python3.sitePackages}"
+              export PATH="$PIP_PREFIX/bin:$PATH"
+              # Avoids reproducibility issues with some Python packages
+              # See https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/#python-setup.py-bdist_wheel-cannot-create-.whl
+              unset SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH
+            '';
+          };
+        }
+      );
+    };
+}

meshtasticd.spec.rpkg

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ BuildRequires: pkgconfig(libulfius)
 BuildRequires: pkgconfig(x11)
 BuildRequires: pkgconfig(libinput)
 BuildRequires: pkgconfig(xkbcommon-x11)
+BuildRequires: pkgconfig(sdl2)
 
 # libbsd is needed on older Fedora/RHEL to provide 'strlcpy'
 %if 0%{?fedora} >= 39 || 0%{?rhel} >= 10
@@ -59,8 +60,14 @@ BuildRequires: pkgconfig(libbsd-overlay)
 
 Requires:      systemd-udev
 
+# Declare that this package provides the user/group it creates in %pre
+# Required for Fedora 43+ which tracks users/groups as RPM dependencies
+Provides:      user(%{meshtasticd_user})
+Provides:      group(%{meshtasticd_user})
+Provides:      group(spi)
+
 %description
-Meshtastic daemon for controlling Meshtastic devices. Meshtastic is an off-grid
+Meshtastic daemon. Meshtastic is an off-grid
 text communication platform that uses inexpensive LoRa radios.
 
 %prep
@@ -151,6 +158,7 @@ fi
 %license LICENSE
 %doc README.md
 %{_bindir}/meshtasticd
+%{_bindir}/meshtasticd-start.sh
 %dir %{_localstatedir}/lib/meshtasticd
 %{_udevrulesdir}/99-meshtasticd-udev.rules
 %dir %{_sysconfdir}/meshtasticd

platformio.ini

@@ -50,12 +50,15 @@ build_flags = -Wno-missing-field-initializers
 	-DRADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_APRS=1
 	-DRADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LORAWAN=1
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_DROPZONE=1
+	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_REPLYBOT=1
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_REMOTEHARDWARE=1
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_HEALTH_TELEMETRY=1
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_POWERSTRESS=1 ; exclude power stress test module from main firmware
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_GENERIC_THREAD_MODULE=1
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_POWERMON=1
+	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_STATUS=1
 	-D MAX_THREADS=40 ; As we've split modules, we have more threads to manage
+	-DLED_BUILTIN=-1
 	#-DBUILD_EPOCH=$UNIX_TIME ; set in platformio-custom.py now
 	#-D OLED_PL=1
 	#-D DEBUG_HEAP=1 ; uncomment to add free heap space / memory leak debugging logs
@@ -65,7 +68,7 @@ monitor_speed = 115200
 monitor_filters = direct
 lib_deps =
 	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic-esp8266-oled-ssd1306 packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/esp8266-oled-ssd1306 gitBranch=master
-	https://github.com/meshtastic/esp8266-oled-ssd1306/archive/b34c6817c25d6faabb3a8a162b5d14fb75395433.zip
+	https://github.com/meshtastic/esp8266-oled-ssd1306/archive/21e484f409cde18d44012caef84c244eb5ca28f3.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic-OneButton packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/OneButton gitBranch=master
 	https://github.com/meshtastic/OneButton/archive/fa352d668c53f290cfa480a5f79ad422cd828c70.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic-arduino-fsm packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/arduino-fsm gitBranch=master
@@ -114,12 +117,12 @@ lib_deps =
 [radiolib_base]
 lib_deps =
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=RadioLib packageName=jgromes/library/RadioLib
-	jgromes/RadioLib@7.5.0
+	jgromes/RadioLib@7.6.0
 
 [device-ui_base]
 lib_deps =
 	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic/device-ui packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/device-ui gitBranch=master
-	https://github.com/meshtastic/device-ui/archive/69739b84f87a91568d3c421498bc89977937a141.zip
+	https://github.com/meshtastic/device-ui/archive/6c75195e9987b7a49563232234f2f868dd343cae.zip
 
 ; Common libs for environmental measurements in telemetry module
 [environmental_base]
@@ -143,7 +146,7 @@ lib_deps =
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit INA219 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit INA219
 	adafruit/Adafruit INA219@1.2.3
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit MPU6050 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit MPU6050
-	adafruit/Adafruit MPU6050@2.2.6
+	adafruit/Adafruit MPU6050@2.2.9
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit LIS3DH packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit LIS3DH
 	adafruit/Adafruit LIS3DH@1.3.0
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit AHTX0 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit AHTX0
@@ -181,8 +184,8 @@ lib_deps =
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=BH1750_WE packageName=wollewald/library/BH1750_WE
 	wollewald/BH1750_WE@1.1.10
 
-; (not included in native / portduino)
-[environmental_extra]
+; Common environmental sensor libraries (not included in native / portduino)
+[environmental_extra_common]
 lib_deps =
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit BMP3XX packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BMP3XX Library
 	adafruit/Adafruit BMP3XX Library@2.1.6
@@ -202,40 +205,29 @@ lib_deps =
 	sparkfun/SparkFun Qwiic Scale NAU7802 Arduino Library@1.0.6
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=ClosedCube OPT3001 packageName=closedcube/library/ClosedCube OPT3001
 	closedcube/ClosedCube OPT3001@1.1.2
+	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic-DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation gitBranch=master
+	https://github.com/meshtastic/DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation/archive/4de3a9cadef0f6a5220a8a906cf9775b02b0040d.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion Core packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion Core
+	sensirion/Sensirion Core@0.7.3
+	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion I2C SCD4x packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion I2C SCD4x
+	sensirion/Sensirion I2C SCD4x@1.1.0
+	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion I2C SFA3x packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion I2C SFA3x
+	sensirion/Sensirion I2C SFA3x@1.0.0
+	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion I2C SCD30 packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion I2C SCD30
+	sensirion/Sensirion I2C SCD30@1.0.0
+
+; Environmental sensors with BSEC2 (Bosch proprietary IAQ)
+[environmental_extra]
+lib_deps =
+	${environmental_extra_common.lib_deps}
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Bosch BSEC2 packageName=boschsensortec/library/bsec2
 	boschsensortec/bsec2@1.10.2610
 	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Bosch BME68x packageName=boschsensortec/library/BME68x Sensor Library
 	boschsensortec/BME68x Sensor Library@1.3.40408
-	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic-DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation gitBranch=master
-	https://github.com/meshtastic/DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation/archive/4de3a9cadef0f6a5220a8a906cf9775b02b0040d.zip
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion Core packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion Core
-	sensirion/Sensirion Core@0.7.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion I2C SCD4x packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion I2C SCD4x
-	sensirion/Sensirion I2C SCD4x@1.1.0
-; Same as environmental_extra but without BSEC (saves ~3.5KB DRAM for original ESP32 targets)
+
+; Environmental sensors without BSEC (saves ~3.5KB DRAM for original ESP32 targets)
 [environmental_extra_no_bsec]
 lib_deps =
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit BMP3XX packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BMP3XX Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit BMP3XX Library@2.1.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit MAX1704X packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit MAX1704X
-	adafruit/Adafruit MAX1704X@1.0.3
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit SHTC3 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit SHTC3 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit SHTC3 Library@1.0.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit LPS2X packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit LPS2X
-	adafruit/Adafruit LPS2X@2.0.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit SHT31 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit SHT31 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit SHT31 Library@2.2.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit VEML7700 packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit VEML7700 Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit VEML7700 Library@2.1.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Adafruit SHT4x packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit SHT4x Library
-	adafruit/Adafruit SHT4x Library@1.0.5
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=SparkFun Qwiic Scale NAU7802 packageName=sparkfun/library/SparkFun Qwiic Scale NAU7802 Arduino Library
-	sparkfun/SparkFun Qwiic Scale NAU7802 Arduino Library@1.0.6
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=ClosedCube OPT3001 packageName=closedcube/library/ClosedCube OPT3001
-	closedcube/ClosedCube OPT3001@1.1.2
-	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=meshtastic-DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation packageName=https://github.com/meshtastic/DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation gitBranch=master
-	https://github.com/meshtastic/DFRobot_LarkWeatherStation/archive/4de3a9cadef0f6a5220a8a906cf9775b02b0040d.zip
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion Core packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion Core
-	sensirion/Sensirion Core@0.7.2
-	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=Sensirion I2C SCD4x packageName=sensirion/library/Sensirion I2C SCD4x
-	sensirion/Sensirion I2C SCD4x@1.1.0
+	${environmental_extra_common.lib_deps}
+	# renovate: datasource=custom.pio depName=adafruit/Adafruit BME680 Library packageName=adafruit/library/Adafruit BME680
+	adafruit/Adafruit BME680 Library@^2.0.5

shell.nix

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+(import (
+  let
+    lock = builtins.fromJSON (builtins.readFile ./flake.lock);
+    nodeName = lock.nodes.root.inputs.flake-compat;
+  in
+  fetchTarball {
+    url =
+      lock.nodes.${nodeName}.locked.url
+        or "https://github.com/NixOS/flake-compat/archive/${lock.nodes.${nodeName}.locked.rev}.tar.gz";
+    sha256 = lock.nodes.${nodeName}.locked.narHash;
+  }
+) { src = ./.; }).shellNix

src/AmbientLightingThread.h

@@ -1,19 +1,23 @@
+#ifndef AMBIENTLIGHTINGTHREAD_H
+#define AMBIENTLIGHTINGTHREAD_H
+
 #include "Observer.h"
 #include "configuration.h"
+#include "detect/ScanI2C.h"
+#include "sleep.h"
 
 #ifdef HAS_NCP5623
-#include <graphics/RAKled.h>
-NCP5623 rgb;
+#include <Wire.h>
+
+#include <NCP5623.h>
 #endif
 
 #ifdef HAS_LP5562
 #include <graphics/NomadStarLED.h>
-LP5562 rgbw;
 #endif
 
 #ifdef HAS_NEOPIXEL
-#include <graphics/NeoPixel.h>
-Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels(NEOPIXEL_COUNT, NEOPIXEL_DATA, NEOPIXEL_TYPE);
+#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
 #endif
 
 #ifdef UNPHONE
@@ -21,10 +25,24 @@ Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels(NEOPIXEL_COUNT, NEOPIXEL_DATA, NEOPIXEL_TYPE);
 extern unPhone unphone;
 #endif
 
-namespace concurrency
-{
 class AmbientLightingThread : public concurrency::OSThread
 {
+    friend class StatusLEDModule; // Let the LEDStatusModule trigger the ambient lighting for notifications and battery status.
+    friend class ExternalNotificationModule; // Let the ExternalNotificationModule trigger the ambient lighting for notifications.
+
+  private:
+#ifdef HAS_NCP5623
+    NCP5623 rgb;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAS_LP5562
+    LP5562 rgbw;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAS_NEOPIXEL
+    Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels = Adafruit_NeoPixel(NEOPIXEL_COUNT, NEOPIXEL_DATA, NEOPIXEL_TYPE);
+#endif
+
   public:
     explicit AmbientLightingThread(ScanI2C::DeviceType type) : OSThread("AmbientLighting")
     {
@@ -36,14 +54,15 @@ class AmbientLightingThread : public concurrency::OSThread
         moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.led_state = true;
 #endif
 #endif
-        // Uncomment to test module
-        // moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.led_state = true;
-        // moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current = 10;
+#if AMBIENT_LIGHTING_TEST
+        // define to enable test
+        moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.led_state = true;
+        moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current = 10;
         // Default to a color based on our node number
-        // moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red = (myNodeInfo.my_node_num & 0xFF0000) >> 16;
-        // moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green = (myNodeInfo.my_node_num & 0x00FF00) >> 8;
-        // moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue = myNodeInfo.my_node_num & 0x0000FF;
-
+        moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red = (myNodeInfo.my_node_num & 0xFF0000) >> 16;
+        moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green = (myNodeInfo.my_node_num & 0x00FF00) >> 8;
+        moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue = myNodeInfo.my_node_num & 0x0000FF;
+#endif
 #if defined(HAS_NCP5623) || defined(HAS_LP5562)
         _type = type;
         if (_type == ScanI2C::DeviceType::NONE) {
@@ -53,11 +72,6 @@ class AmbientLightingThread : public concurrency::OSThread
         }
 #endif
 #ifdef HAS_RGB_LED
-        if (!moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.led_state) {
-            LOG_DEBUG("AmbientLighting Disable due to moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.led_state OFF");
-            disable();
-            return;
-        }
         LOG_DEBUG("AmbientLighting init");
 #ifdef HAS_NCP5623
         if (_type == ScanI2C::NCP5623) {
@@ -77,7 +91,13 @@ class AmbientLightingThread : public concurrency::OSThread
                 pixels.clear(); // Set all pixel colors to 'off'
                 pixels.setBrightness(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current);
 #endif
-                setLighting();
+                if (!moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.led_state) {
+                    LOG_DEBUG("AmbientLighting Disable due to moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.led_state OFF");
+                    disable();
+                    return;
+                }
+                setLighting(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red,
+                            moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
 #endif
 #if defined(HAS_NCP5623) || defined(HAS_LP5562)
             }
@@ -91,7 +111,8 @@ class AmbientLightingThread : public concurrency::OSThread
 #if defined(HAS_NCP5623) || defined(HAS_LP5562)
             if ((_type == ScanI2C::NCP5623 || _type == ScanI2C::LP5562) && moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.led_state) {
 #endif
-                setLighting();
+                setLighting(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red,
+                            moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
                 return 30000; // 30 seconds to reset from any animations that may have been running from Ext. Notification
 #if defined(HAS_NCP5623) || defined(HAS_LP5562)
             }
@@ -148,65 +169,53 @@ class AmbientLightingThread : public concurrency::OSThread
             return 0;
         }
 
-        void setLighting()
+      protected:
+        void setLighting(float current, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue)
         {
 #ifdef HAS_NCP5623
-            rgb.setCurrent(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current);
-            rgb.setRed(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red);
-            rgb.setGreen(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green);
-            rgb.setBlue(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
-            LOG_DEBUG("Init NCP5623 Ambient light w/ current=%d, red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d",
-                      moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red,
-                      moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
+            rgb.setCurrent(current);
+            rgb.setRed(red);
+            rgb.setGreen(green);
+            rgb.setBlue(blue);
+            LOG_DEBUG("Init NCP5623 Ambient light w/ current=%f, red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", current, red, green, blue);
 #endif
 #ifdef HAS_LP5562
-            rgbw.setCurrent(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current);
-            rgbw.setRed(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red);
-            rgbw.setGreen(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green);
-            rgbw.setBlue(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
-            LOG_DEBUG("Init LP5562 Ambient light w/ current=%d, red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current,
-                      moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
+            rgbw.setCurrent(current);
+            rgbw.setRed(red);
+            rgbw.setGreen(green);
+            rgbw.setBlue(blue);
+            LOG_DEBUG("Init LP5562 Ambient light w/ current=%f, red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", current, red, green, blue);
 #endif
 #ifdef HAS_NEOPIXEL
-            pixels.fill(pixels.Color(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green,
-                                     moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue),
-                        0, NEOPIXEL_COUNT);
+            pixels.fill(pixels.Color(red, green, blue), 0, NEOPIXEL_COUNT);
 
 // RadioMaster Bandit has addressable LED at the two buttons
 // this allow us to set different lighting for them in variant.h file.
-#ifdef RADIOMASTER_900_BANDIT
 #if defined(BUTTON1_COLOR) && defined(BUTTON1_COLOR_INDEX)
             pixels.fill(BUTTON1_COLOR, BUTTON1_COLOR_INDEX, 1);
 #endif
 #if defined(BUTTON2_COLOR) && defined(BUTTON2_COLOR_INDEX)
             pixels.fill(BUTTON2_COLOR, BUTTON2_COLOR_INDEX, 1);
-#endif
 #endif
             pixels.show();
-            // LOG_DEBUG("Init NeoPixel Ambient light w/ brightness(current)=%d, red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d",
-            //        moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.current, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red,
-            //        moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
+            // LOG_DEBUG("Init NeoPixel Ambient light w/ brightness(current)=%f, red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d",
+            //        current, red, green, blue);
 #endif
 #ifdef RGBLED_CA
-            analogWrite(RGBLED_RED, 255 - moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red);
-            analogWrite(RGBLED_GREEN, 255 - moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green);
-            analogWrite(RGBLED_BLUE, 255 - moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
-            LOG_DEBUG("Init Ambient light RGB Common Anode w/ red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red,
-                      moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
+            analogWrite(RGBLED_RED, 255 - red);
+            analogWrite(RGBLED_GREEN, 255 - green);
+            analogWrite(RGBLED_BLUE, 255 - blue);
+            LOG_DEBUG("Init Ambient light RGB Common Anode w/ red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", red, green, blue);
 #elif defined(RGBLED_RED)
-        analogWrite(RGBLED_RED, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red);
-        analogWrite(RGBLED_GREEN, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green);
-        analogWrite(RGBLED_BLUE, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
-        LOG_DEBUG("Init Ambient light RGB Common Cathode w/ red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red,
-                  moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
+        analogWrite(RGBLED_RED, red);
+        analogWrite(RGBLED_GREEN, green);
+        analogWrite(RGBLED_BLUE, blue);
+        LOG_DEBUG("Init Ambient light RGB Common Cathode w/ red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", red, green, blue);
 #endif
 #ifdef UNPHONE
-            unphone.rgb(moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green,
-                        moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
-            LOG_DEBUG("Init unPhone Ambient light w/ red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.red,
-                      moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.green, moduleConfig.ambient_lighting.blue);
+            unphone.rgb(red, green, blue);
+            LOG_DEBUG("Init unPhone Ambient light w/ red=%d, green=%d, blue=%d", red, green, blue);
 #endif
         }
     };
-
-} // namespace concurrency
+#endif // AMBIENTLIGHTINGTHREAD_H

src/AudioThread.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "configuration.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "sleep.h"
+#include <memory>
 
 #ifdef HAS_I2S
 #include <AudioFileSourcePROGMEM.h>
@@ -29,9 +30,9 @@ class AudioThread : public concurrency::OSThread
         io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_AMP_EN, HIGH);
 #endif
         setCPUFast(true);
-        rtttlFile = new AudioFileSourcePROGMEM(data, len);
-        i2sRtttl = new AudioGeneratorRTTTL();
-        i2sRtttl->begin(rtttlFile, audioOut);
+        rtttlFile = std::unique_ptr<AudioFileSourcePROGMEM>(new AudioFileSourcePROGMEM(data, len));
+        i2sRtttl = std::unique_ptr<AudioGeneratorRTTTL>(new AudioGeneratorRTTTL());
+        i2sRtttl->begin(rtttlFile.get(), audioOut.get());
     }
 
     // Also handles actually playing the RTTTL, needs to be called in loop
@@ -47,12 +48,10 @@ class AudioThread : public concurrency::OSThread
     {
         if (i2sRtttl != nullptr) {
             i2sRtttl->stop();
-            delete i2sRtttl;
             i2sRtttl = nullptr;
         }
 
         if (rtttlFile != nullptr) {
-            delete rtttlFile;
             rtttlFile = nullptr;
         }
 
@@ -66,16 +65,14 @@ class AudioThread : public concurrency::OSThread
     {
         if (i2sRtttl != nullptr) {
             i2sRtttl->stop();
-            delete i2sRtttl;
             i2sRtttl = nullptr;
         }
 
 #ifdef T_LORA_PAGER
         io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_AMP_EN, HIGH);
 #endif
-        ESP8266SAM *sam = new ESP8266SAM;
-        sam->Say(audioOut, text);
-        delete sam;
+        auto sam = std::unique_ptr<ESP8266SAM>(new ESP8266SAM);
+        sam->Say(audioOut.get(), text);
         setCPUFast(false);
 #ifdef T_LORA_PAGER
         io.digitalWrite(EXPANDS_AMP_EN, LOW);
@@ -96,15 +93,15 @@ class AudioThread : public concurrency::OSThread
   private:
     void initOutput()
     {
-        audioOut = new AudioOutputI2S(1, AudioOutputI2S::EXTERNAL_I2S);
+        audioOut = std::unique_ptr<AudioOutputI2S>(new AudioOutputI2S(1, AudioOutputI2S::EXTERNAL_I2S));
         audioOut->SetPinout(DAC_I2S_BCK, DAC_I2S_WS, DAC_I2S_DOUT, DAC_I2S_MCLK);
         audioOut->SetGain(0.2);
     };
 
-    AudioGeneratorRTTTL *i2sRtttl = nullptr;
-    AudioOutputI2S *audioOut = nullptr;
+    std::unique_ptr<AudioGeneratorRTTTL> i2sRtttl = nullptr;
+    std::unique_ptr<AudioOutputI2S> audioOut = nullptr;
 
-    AudioFileSourcePROGMEM *rtttlFile = nullptr;
+    std::unique_ptr<AudioFileSourcePROGMEM> rtttlFile = nullptr;
 };
 
 #endif

src/BluetoothStatus.h

@@ -89,22 +89,14 @@ class BluetoothStatus : public Status
             case ConnectionState::CONNECTED:
                 LOG_DEBUG("BluetoothStatus CONNECTED");
 #ifdef BLE_LED
-#ifdef BLE_LED_INVERTED
-                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LOW);
-#else
-                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, HIGH);
-#endif
+                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LED_STATE_ON);
 #endif
                 break;
 
             case ConnectionState::DISCONNECTED:
                 LOG_DEBUG("BluetoothStatus DISCONNECTED");
 #ifdef BLE_LED
-#ifdef BLE_LED_INVERTED
-                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, HIGH);
-#else
-                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LOW);
-#endif
+                digitalWrite(BLE_LED, LED_STATE_OFF);
 #endif
                 break;
             }

src/Led.cpp

@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-#include "Led.h"
-#include "PowerMon.h"
-#include "main.h"
-#include "power.h"
-
-GpioVirtPin ledForceOn, ledBlink;
-
-#if defined(LED_PIN)
-// Most boards have a GPIO for LED control
-static GpioHwPin ledRawHwPin(LED_PIN);
-#else
-static GpioVirtPin ledRawHwPin; // Dummy pin for no hardware
-#endif
-
-#if LED_STATE_ON == 0
-static GpioVirtPin ledHwPin;
-static GpioNotTransformer ledInverter(&ledHwPin, &ledRawHwPin);
-#else
-static GpioPin &ledHwPin = ledRawHwPin;
-#endif
-
-#if defined(HAS_PMU)
-/**
- * A GPIO controlled by the PMU
- */
-class GpioPmuPin : public GpioPin
-{
-  public:
-    void set(bool value)
-    {
-        if (pmu_found && PMU) {
-            // blink the axp led
-            PMU->setChargingLedMode(value ? XPOWERS_CHG_LED_ON : XPOWERS_CHG_LED_OFF);
-        }
-    }
-} ledPmuHwPin;
-
-// In some cases we need to drive a PMU LED and a normal LED
-static GpioSplitter ledFinalPin(&ledHwPin, &ledPmuHwPin);
-#else
-static GpioPin &ledFinalPin = ledHwPin;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef USE_POWERMON
-/**
- * We monitor changes to the LED drive output because we use that as a sanity test in our power monitor stuff.
- */
-class MonitoredLedPin : public GpioPin
-{
-  public:
-    void set(bool value)
-    {
-        if (powerMon) {
-            if (value)
-                powerMon->setState(meshtastic_PowerMon_State_LED_On);
-            else
-                powerMon->clearState(meshtastic_PowerMon_State_LED_On);
-        }
-        ledFinalPin.set(value);
-    }
-} monitoredLedPin;
-#else
-static GpioPin &monitoredLedPin = ledFinalPin;
-#endif
-
-static GpioBinaryTransformer ledForcer(&ledForceOn, &ledBlink, &monitoredLedPin, GpioBinaryTransformer::Or);

src/Led.h

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#include "GpioLogic.h"
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-/**
- * ledForceOn and ledForceOff both override the normal ledBlinker behavior (which is controlled by main)
- */
-extern GpioVirtPin ledForceOn, ledBlink;

src/Power.cpp

@@ -459,6 +459,8 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
         }
         // if it's not HIGH - check the battery
 #endif
+        // If we have an EXT_PWR_DETECT pin and it indicates no external power, believe it.
+        return false;
 
 // technically speaking this should work for all(?) NRF52 boards
 // but needs testing across multiple devices. NRF52 USB would not even work if
@@ -690,7 +692,9 @@ bool Power::setup()
     bool found = false;
     if (axpChipInit()) {
         found = true;
-    } else if (lipoInit()) {
+    } else if (cw2015Init()) {
+        found = true;
+    } else if (max17048Init()) {
         found = true;
     } else if (lipoChargerInit()) {
         found = true;
@@ -700,11 +704,11 @@ bool Power::setup()
         found = true;
     } else if (analogInit()) {
         found = true;
-    }
-
+    } else {
 #ifdef NRF_APM
-    found = true;
+        found = true;
 #endif
+    }
 #ifdef EXT_PWR_DETECT
     attachInterrupt(
         EXT_PWR_DETECT,
@@ -816,6 +820,9 @@ void Power::shutdown()
 #endif
 #ifdef PIN_LED3
     ledOff(PIN_LED3);
+#endif
+#ifdef LED_NOTIFICATION
+    ledOff(LED_NOTIFICATION);
 #endif
     doDeepSleep(DELAY_FOREVER, true, true);
 #elif defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
@@ -839,8 +846,10 @@ void Power::readPowerStatus()
 
     if (batteryLevel) {
         hasBattery = batteryLevel->isBatteryConnect() ? OptTrue : OptFalse;
+#ifndef NRF_APM
         usbPowered = batteryLevel->isVbusIn() ? OptTrue : OptFalse;
         isChargingNow = batteryLevel->isCharging() ? OptTrue : OptFalse;
+#endif
         if (hasBattery) {
             batteryVoltageMv = batteryLevel->getBattVoltage();
             // If the AXP192 returns a valid battery percentage, use it
@@ -1316,7 +1325,7 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
 /**
  * Wrapper class for an I2C MAX17048 Lipo battery sensor.
  */
-class LipoBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
+class MAX17048BatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
 {
   private:
     MAX17048Singleton *max17048 = nullptr;
@@ -1364,18 +1373,18 @@ class LipoBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
     virtual bool isCharging() override { return max17048->isBatteryCharging(); }
 };
 
-LipoBatteryLevel lipoLevel;
+MAX17048BatteryLevel max17048Level;
 
 /**
  * Init the Lipo battery level sensor
  */
-bool Power::lipoInit()
+bool Power::max17048Init()
 {
-    bool result = lipoLevel.runOnce();
-    LOG_DEBUG("Power::lipoInit lipo sensor is %s", result ? "ready" : "not ready yet");
+    bool result = max17048Level.runOnce();
+    LOG_DEBUG("Power::max17048Init lipo sensor is %s", result ? "ready" : "not ready yet");
     if (!result)
         return false;
-    batteryLevel = &lipoLevel;
+    batteryLevel = &max17048Level;
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -1383,7 +1392,88 @@ bool Power::lipoInit()
 /**
  * The Lipo battery level sensor is unavailable - default to AnalogBatteryLevel
  */
-bool Power::lipoInit()
+bool Power::max17048Init()
+{
+    return false;
+}
+#endif
+
+#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_I2C && HAS_CW2015
+
+class CW2015BatteryLevel : public AnalogBatteryLevel
+{
+  public:
+    /**
+     * Battery state of charge, from 0 to 100 or -1 for unknown
+     */
+    virtual int getBatteryPercent() override
+    {
+        int data = -1;
+        Wire.beginTransmission(CW2015_ADDR);
+        Wire.write(0x04);
+        if (Wire.endTransmission() == 0) {
+            if (Wire.requestFrom(CW2015_ADDR, (uint8_t)1)) {
+                data = Wire.read();
+            }
+        }
+        return data;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The raw voltage of the battery in millivolts, or NAN if unknown
+     */
+    virtual uint16_t getBattVoltage() override
+    {
+        uint16_t mv = 0;
+        Wire.beginTransmission(CW2015_ADDR);
+        Wire.write(0x02);
+        if (Wire.endTransmission() == 0) {
+            if (Wire.requestFrom(CW2015_ADDR, (uint8_t)2)) {
+                mv = Wire.read();
+                mv <<= 8;
+                mv |= Wire.read();
+                // Voltage is read in  305uV units, convert to mV
+                mv = mv * 305 / 1000;
+            }
+        }
+        return mv;
+    }
+};
+
+CW2015BatteryLevel cw2015Level;
+
+/**
+ * Init the CW2015 battery level sensor
+ */
+bool Power::cw2015Init()
+{
+
+    Wire.beginTransmission(CW2015_ADDR);
+    uint8_t getInfo[] = {0x0a, 0x00};
+    Wire.write(getInfo, 2);
+    Wire.endTransmission();
+    delay(10);
+    Wire.beginTransmission(CW2015_ADDR);
+    Wire.write(0x00);
+    bool result = false;
+    if (Wire.endTransmission() == 0) {
+        if (Wire.requestFrom(CW2015_ADDR, (uint8_t)1)) {
+            uint8_t data = Wire.read();
+            LOG_DEBUG("CW2015 init read data: 0x%x", data);
+            if (data == 0x73) {
+                result = true;
+                batteryLevel = &cw2015Level;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+#else
+/**
+ * The CW2015 battery level sensor is unavailable - default to AnalogBatteryLevel
+ */
+bool Power::cw2015Init()
 {
     return false;
 }

src/PowerFSM.cpp

@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@
  */
 #include "PowerFSM.h"
 #include "Default.h"
-#include "Led.h"
 #include "MeshService.h"
 #include "NodeDB.h"
 #include "PowerMon.h"
 #include "configuration.h"
 #include "graphics/Screen.h"
 #include "main.h"
+#include "modules/StatusLEDModule.h"
 #include "sleep.h"
 #include "target_specific.h"
 
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ static void lsIdle()
             uint32_t sleepTime = SLEEP_TIME;
 
             powerMon->setState(meshtastic_PowerMon_State_CPU_LightSleep);
-            ledBlink.set(false); // Never leave led on while in light sleep
+            statusLEDModule->setPowerLED(false);
             esp_sleep_source_t wakeCause2 = doLightSleep(sleepTime * 1000LL);
             powerMon->clearState(meshtastic_PowerMon_State_CPU_LightSleep);
 
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ static void lsIdle()
             case ESP_SLEEP_WAKEUP_TIMER:
                 // Normal case: timer expired, we should just go back to sleep ASAP
 
-                ledBlink.set(true);             // briefly turn on led
+                statusLEDModule->setPowerLED(true);
                 wakeCause2 = doLightSleep(100); // leave led on for 1ms
 
                 secsSlept += sleepTime;
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ static void lsIdle()
         }
     } else {
         // Time to stop sleeping!
-        ledBlink.set(false);
+        statusLEDModule->setPowerLED(false);
         LOG_INFO("Reached ls_secs, service loop()");
         powerFSM.trigger(EVENT_WAKE_TIMER);
     }

src/RedirectablePrint.cpp

@@ -227,34 +227,21 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log_to_ble(const char *logLevel, const char *format, va_
         isBleConnected = nrf52Bluetooth != nullptr && nrf52Bluetooth->isConnected();
 #endif
         if (isBleConnected) {
-            char *message;
-            size_t initialLen;
-            size_t len;
-            initialLen = strlen(format);
-            message = new char[initialLen + 1];
-            len = vsnprintf(message, initialLen + 1, format, arg);
-            if (len > initialLen) {
-                delete[] message;
-                message = new char[len + 1];
-                vsnprintf(message, len + 1, format, arg);
-            }
             auto thread = concurrency::OSThread::currentThread;
             meshtastic_LogRecord logRecord = meshtastic_LogRecord_init_zero;
             logRecord.level = getLogLevel(logLevel);
-            strcpy(logRecord.message, message);
+            vsprintf(logRecord.message, format, arg);
             if (thread)
                 strcpy(logRecord.source, thread->ThreadName.c_str());
             logRecord.time = getValidTime(RTCQuality::RTCQualityDevice, true);
 
-            uint8_t *buffer = new uint8_t[meshtastic_LogRecord_size];
-            size_t size = pb_encode_to_bytes(buffer, meshtastic_LogRecord_size, meshtastic_LogRecord_fields, &logRecord);
+            auto buffer = std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]>(new uint8_t[meshtastic_LogRecord_size]);
+            size_t size = pb_encode_to_bytes(buffer.get(), meshtastic_LogRecord_size, meshtastic_LogRecord_fields, &logRecord);
 #ifdef ARCH_ESP32
-            nimbleBluetooth->sendLog(buffer, size);
+            nimbleBluetooth->sendLog(buffer.get(), size);
 #elif defined(ARCH_NRF52)
-            nrf52Bluetooth->sendLog(buffer, size);
+            nrf52Bluetooth->sendLog(buffer.get(), size);
 #endif
-            delete[] message;
-            delete[] buffer;
         }
     }
 #else
@@ -292,8 +279,8 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log(const char *logLevel, const char *format, ...)
 
     // append \n to format
     size_t len = strlen(format);
-    char *newFormat = new char[len + 2];
-    strcpy(newFormat, format);
+    auto newFormat = std::unique_ptr<char[]>(new char[len + 2]);
+    strcpy(newFormat.get(), format);
     newFormat[len] = '\n';
     newFormat[len + 1] = '\0';
 
@@ -310,23 +297,18 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log(const char *logLevel, const char *format, ...)
             va_end(arg);
         }
         if (portduino_config.logoutputlevel < level_trace && strcmp(logLevel, MESHTASTIC_LOG_LEVEL_TRACE) == 0) {
-            delete[] newFormat;
             return;
         }
     }
     if (portduino_config.logoutputlevel < level_debug && strcmp(logLevel, MESHTASTIC_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG) == 0) {
-        delete[] newFormat;
         return;
     } else if (portduino_config.logoutputlevel < level_info && strcmp(logLevel, MESHTASTIC_LOG_LEVEL_INFO) == 0) {
-        delete[] newFormat;
         return;
     } else if (portduino_config.logoutputlevel < level_warn && strcmp(logLevel, MESHTASTIC_LOG_LEVEL_WARN) == 0) {
-        delete[] newFormat;
         return;
     }
 #endif
     if (moduleConfig.serial.override_console_serial_port && strcmp(logLevel, MESHTASTIC_LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG) == 0) {
-        delete[] newFormat;
         return;
     }
 
@@ -338,11 +320,19 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log(const char *logLevel, const char *format, ...)
 #endif
 
         va_list arg;
+        va_list arg_copy;
+
         va_start(arg, format);
 
-        log_to_serial(logLevel, newFormat, arg);
-        log_to_syslog(logLevel, newFormat, arg);
-        log_to_ble(logLevel, newFormat, arg);
+        va_copy(arg_copy, arg);
+        log_to_serial(logLevel, newFormat.get(), arg_copy);
+        va_end(arg_copy);
+
+        va_copy(arg_copy, arg);
+        log_to_syslog(logLevel, newFormat.get(), arg_copy);
+        va_end(arg_copy);
+
+        log_to_ble(logLevel, newFormat.get(), arg);
 
         va_end(arg);
 #ifdef HAS_FREE_RTOS
@@ -352,7 +342,6 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log(const char *logLevel, const char *format, ...)
 #endif
     }
 
-    delete[] newFormat;
     return;
 }
 

src/concurrency/NotifiedWorkerThread.cpp

@@ -76,8 +76,10 @@ bool NotifiedWorkerThread::notifyLater(uint32_t delay, uint32_t v, bool overwrit
 
 void NotifiedWorkerThread::checkNotification()
 {
-    auto n = notification;
-    notification = 0; // clear notification
+    // Atomically read and clear. (This avoids a potential race condition where an interrupt handler could set a new notification
+    // after checkNotification reads but before it clears, which would cause us to miss that notification until the next one comes
+    // in.)
+    auto n = notification.exchange(0); // read+clear atomically: like `n = notification; notification = 0;` but interrupt-safe
     if (n) {
         onNotify(n);
     }

src/concurrency/NotifiedWorkerThread.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "OSThread.h"
+#include <atomic>
 
 namespace concurrency
 {
@@ -13,7 +14,7 @@ class NotifiedWorkerThread : public OSThread
     /**
      * The notification that was most recently used to wake the thread.  Read from runOnce()
      */
-    uint32_t notification = 0;
+    std::atomic<uint32_t> notification{0};
 
   public:
     NotifiedWorkerThread(const char *name) : OSThread(name) {}

src/configuration.h

@@ -217,6 +217,7 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define SHTC3_ADDR 0x70
 #define LPS22HB_ADDR 0x5C
 #define LPS22HB_ADDR_ALT 0x5D
+#define SFA30_ADDR 0x5D
 #define SHT31_4x_ADDR 0x44
 #define SHT31_4x_ADDR_ALT 0x45
 #define PMSA003I_ADDR 0x12
@@ -233,6 +234,7 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define NAU7802_ADDR 0x2A
 #define MAX30102_ADDR 0x57
 #define SCD4X_ADDR 0x62
+#define CW2015_ADDR 0x62
 #define MLX90614_ADDR_DEF 0x5A
 #define CGRADSENS_ADDR 0x66
 #define LTR390UV_ADDR 0x53
@@ -241,6 +243,8 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define BQ27220_ADDR 0x55 // same address as TDECK_KB
 #define BQ25896_ADDR 0x6B
 #define LTR553ALS_ADDR 0x23
+#define SEN5X_ADDR 0x69
+#define SCD30_ADDR 0x61
 
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // ACCELEROMETER
@@ -390,9 +394,6 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #ifndef HAS_RADIO
 #define HAS_RADIO 0
 #endif
-#ifndef HAS_RTC
-#define HAS_RTC 0
-#endif
 #ifndef HAS_CPU_SHUTDOWN
 #define HAS_CPU_SHUTDOWN 0
 #endif
@@ -428,12 +429,16 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define HAS_RGB_LED
 #endif
 
-#ifndef LED_STATE_OFF
-#define LED_STATE_OFF 0
-#endif
 #ifndef LED_STATE_ON
 #define LED_STATE_ON 1
 #endif
+#ifndef LED_STATE_OFF
+#define LED_STATE_OFF (LED_STATE_ON ^ 1)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ledOff
+#define ledOff(pin) pinMode(pin, INPUT)
+#endif
 
 // default mapping of pins
 #if defined(PIN_BUTTON2) && !defined(CANCEL_BUTTON_PIN)

src/detect/ScanI2C.cpp

@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ ScanI2C::FoundDevice ScanI2C::firstAccelerometer() const
 
 ScanI2C::FoundDevice ScanI2C::firstAQI() const
 {
-    ScanI2C::DeviceType types[] = {PMSA003I, SCD4X};
-    return firstOfOrNONE(2, types);
+    ScanI2C::DeviceType types[] = {PMSA003I, SEN5X, SCD4X, SFA30};
+    return firstOfOrNONE(4, types);
 }
 
 ScanI2C::FoundDevice ScanI2C::firstRGBLED() const

src/detect/ScanI2C.h

@@ -88,7 +88,11 @@ class ScanI2C
         BH1750,
         DA217,
         CHSC6X,
-        CST226SE
+        CST226SE,
+        SEN5X,
+        SFA30,
+        CW2015,
+        SCD30
     } DeviceType;
 
     // typedef uint8_t DeviceAddress;

src/detect/ScanI2CTwoWire.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #include "ScanI2CTwoWire.h"
+#include "configuration.h"
+#include "detect/ScanI2C.h"
 
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_I2C
 
@@ -8,6 +10,7 @@
 #endif
 #if !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO) && !defined(ARCH_STM32WL)
 #include "meshUtils.h" // vformat
+
 #endif
 
 bool in_array(uint8_t *array, int size, uint8_t lookfor)
@@ -114,6 +117,64 @@ uint16_t ScanI2CTwoWire::getRegisterValue(const ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation
     return value;
 }
 
+bool ScanI2CTwoWire::i2cCommandResponseLength(ScanI2C::DeviceAddress addr, uint16_t command, uint8_t expectedLength) const
+{
+    TwoWire *i2cBus = fetchI2CBus(addr);
+    i2cBus->beginTransmission(addr.address);
+    if (command > 0xFF) {
+        i2cBus->write((uint8_t)(command >> 8));
+    }
+    i2cBus->write((uint8_t)(command & 0xFF));
+    if (i2cBus->endTransmission() != 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    delay(20);
+    uint8_t received = i2cBus->requestFrom(addr.address, expectedLength);
+    bool match = (received == expectedLength);
+    while (i2cBus->available())
+        i2cBus->read();
+    return match;
+}
+
+/// for SEN5X detection
+// Note, this code needs to be called before setting the I2C bus speed
+// for the screen at high speed. The speed needs to be at 100kHz, otherwise
+// detection will not work
+String readSEN5xProductName(TwoWire *i2cBus, uint8_t address)
+{
+    uint8_t cmd[] = {0xD0, 0x14};
+    uint8_t response[48] = {0};
+
+    i2cBus->beginTransmission(address);
+    i2cBus->write(cmd, 2);
+    if (i2cBus->endTransmission() != 0)
+        return "";
+
+    delay(20);
+    if (i2cBus->requestFrom(address, (uint8_t)48) != 48)
+        return "";
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < 48 && i2cBus->available(); ++i) {
+        response[i] = i2cBus->read();
+    }
+
+    char productName[33] = {0};
+    int j = 0;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 48 && j < 32; i += 3) {
+        if (response[i] >= 32 && response[i] <= 126)
+            productName[j++] = response[i];
+        else
+            break;
+
+        if (response[i + 1] >= 32 && response[i + 1] <= 126)
+            productName[j++] = response[i + 1];
+        else
+            break;
+    }
+
+    return String(productName);
+}
+
 #define SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(ADDR, T, ...)                                                                                           \
     case ADDR:                                                                                                                   \
         logFoundDevice(__VA_ARGS__);                                                                                             \
@@ -390,8 +451,7 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                 if (getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0x7E), 2) == 0x5449) {
                     type = OPT3001;
                     logFoundDevice("OPT3001", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                } else if (getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0x89), 6) !=
-                           0) { // unique SHT4x serial number (6 bytes inc. CRC)
+                } else if (i2cCommandResponseLength(addr, 0x89, 6)) { // SHT4x serial number (6 bytes inc. CRC)
                     type = SHT4X;
                     logFoundDevice("SHT4X", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                 } else {
@@ -416,6 +476,19 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                 break;
 
             case LPS22HB_ADDR_ALT:
+                // SFA30 detection: send 2-byte command 0xD060 (Get Device Marking) and check for 48-byte response
+                if (i2cCommandResponseLength(addr, 0xD060, 48)) {
+                    type = SFA30;
+                    logFoundDevice("SFA30", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                    break;
+                }
+                // Fallback: LPS22HB detection at alternate address using WHO_AM_I register (0x0F == 0xB1)
+                registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0x0F), 1);
+                if (registerValue == 0xB1) {
+                    type = LPS22HB;
+                    logFoundDevice("LPS22HB", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                }
+                break;
                 SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(LPS22HB_ADDR, LPS22HB, "LPS22HB", (uint8_t)addr.address)
                 SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(QMC6310U_ADDR, QMC6310U, "QMC6310U", (uint8_t)addr.address)
 
@@ -508,6 +581,7 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                 SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(DFROBOT_RAIN_ADDR, DFROBOT_RAIN, "DFRobot Rain Gauge", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                 SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(LTR390UV_ADDR, LTR390UV, "LTR390UV", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                 SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(PCT2075_ADDR, PCT2075, "PCT2075", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(SCD30_ADDR, SCD30, "SCD30", (uint8_t)addr.address);
             case CST328_ADDR:
                 // Do we have the CST328 or the CST226SE
                 registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xAB), 1);
@@ -541,7 +615,17 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                 break;
 
                 SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(BHI260AP_ADDR, BHI260AP, "BHI260AP", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(SCD4X_ADDR, SCD4X, "SCD4X", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+            case SCD4X_ADDR: {
+                registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0x8), 1);
+                if (registerValue == 0x18) {
+                    logFoundDevice("CW2015", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                    type = CW2015;
+                } else {
+                    logFoundDevice("SCD4X", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                    type = SCD4X;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
                 SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(BMM150_ADDR, BMM150, "BMM150", (uint8_t)addr.address);
 #ifdef HAS_TPS65233
                 SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(TPS65233_ADDR, TPS65233, "TPS65233", (uint8_t)addr.address);
@@ -568,8 +652,9 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                 }
                 break;
 
-            case ICM20948_ADDR:     // same as BMX160_ADDR
+            case ICM20948_ADDR:     // same as BMX160_ADDR and SEN5X_ADDR
             case ICM20948_ADDR_ALT: // same as MPU6050_ADDR
+                // ICM20948 Register check
                 registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0x00), 1);
 #ifdef HAS_ICM20948
                 type = ICM20948;
@@ -580,14 +665,31 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                     type = ICM20948;
                     logFoundDevice("ICM20948", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                     break;
-                } else if (addr.address == BMX160_ADDR) {
-                    type = BMX160;
-                    logFoundDevice("BMX160", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                    break;
                 } else {
-                    type = MPU6050;
-                    logFoundDevice("MPU6050", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                    break;
+                    String prod = "";
+                    prod = readSEN5xProductName(i2cBus, addr.address);
+                    if (prod.startsWith("SEN55")) {
+                        type = SEN5X;
+                        logFoundDevice("Sensirion SEN55", addr.address);
+                        break;
+                    } else if (prod.startsWith("SEN54")) {
+                        type = SEN5X;
+                        logFoundDevice("Sensirion SEN54", addr.address);
+                        break;
+                    } else if (prod.startsWith("SEN50")) {
+                        type = SEN5X;
+                        logFoundDevice("Sensirion SEN50", addr.address);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    if (addr.address == BMX160_ADDR) {
+                        type = BMX160;
+                        logFoundDevice("BMX160", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                        break;
+                    } else {
+                        type = MPU6050;
+                        logFoundDevice("MPU6050", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                        break;
+                    }
                 }
                 break;
 

src/detect/ScanI2CTwoWire.h

@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ class ScanI2CTwoWire : public ScanI2C
 
     uint16_t getRegisterValue(const RegisterLocation &, ResponseWidth, bool) const;
 
+    bool i2cCommandResponseLength(DeviceAddress addr, uint16_t command, uint8_t expectedLength) const;
+
     DeviceType probeOLED(ScanI2C::DeviceAddress) const;
 
     static void logFoundDevice(const char *device, uint8_t address);

src/detect/reClockI2C.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#include "reClockI2C.h"
+#include "ScanI2CTwoWire.h"
+
+uint32_t reClockI2C(uint32_t desiredClock, TwoWire *i2cBus, bool force)
+{
+
+    uint32_t currentClock = 0;
+
+    /* See https://github.com/arduino/Arduino/issues/11457
+      Currently, only ESP32 can getClock()
+      While all cores can setClock()
+      https://github.com/sandeepmistry/arduino-nRF5/blob/master/libraries/Wire/Wire.h#L50
+      https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/blob/master/libraries/Wire/src/Wire.h#L60
+      https://github.com/stm32duino/Arduino_Core_STM32/blob/main/libraries/Wire/src/Wire.h#L103
+      For cases when I2C speed is different to the ones defined by sensors (see defines in sensor classes)
+      we need to reclock I2C and set it back to the previous desired speed.
+      Only for cases where we can know OR predefine the speed, we can do this.
+    */
+
+// TODO add getClock function or return a predefined clock speed per variant?
+#ifdef CAN_RECLOCK_I2C
+    currentClock = i2cBus->getClock();
+#endif
+
+    if ((currentClock != desiredClock) || force) {
+        LOG_DEBUG("Changing I2C clock to %u", desiredClock);
+        i2cBus->setClock(desiredClock);
+    }
+
+    return currentClock;
+}

src/detect/reClockI2C.h

@@ -1,41 +1,11 @@
-#ifdef CAN_RECLOCK_I2C
+
+#ifndef RECLOCK_I2C_
+#define RECLOCK_I2C_
+
 #include "ScanI2CTwoWire.h"
+#include <Wire.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
 
-uint32_t reClockI2C(uint32_t desiredClock, TwoWire *i2cBus)
-{
+uint32_t reClockI2C(uint32_t desiredClock, TwoWire *i2cBus, bool force);
 
-    uint32_t currentClock;
-
-    /* See https://github.com/arduino/Arduino/issues/11457
-      Currently, only ESP32 can getClock()
-      While all cores can setClock()
-      https://github.com/sandeepmistry/arduino-nRF5/blob/master/libraries/Wire/Wire.h#L50
-      https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/blob/master/libraries/Wire/src/Wire.h#L60
-      https://github.com/stm32duino/Arduino_Core_STM32/blob/main/libraries/Wire/src/Wire.h#L103
-      For cases when I2C speed is different to the ones defined by sensors (see defines in sensor classes)
-      we need to reclock I2C and set it back to the previous desired speed.
-      Only for cases where we can know OR predefine the speed, we can do this.
-    */
-
-#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
-    currentClock = i2cBus->getClock();
-#elif defined(ARCH_NRF52)
-    // TODO add getClock function or return a predefined clock speed per variant?
-    return 0;
-#elif defined(ARCH_RP2040)
-    // TODO add getClock function or return a predefined clock speed per variant
-    return 0;
-#elif defined(ARCH_STM32WL)
-    // TODO add getClock function or return a predefined clock speed per variant
-    return 0;
-#else
-    return 0;
-#endif
-
-    if (currentClock != desiredClock) {
-        LOG_DEBUG("Changing I2C clock to %u", desiredClock);
-        i2cBus->setClock(desiredClock);
-    }
-    return currentClock;
-}
 #endif

src/gps/GPS.cpp

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ SerialUART *GPS::_serial_gps = &GPS_SERIAL_PORT;
 HardwareSerial *GPS::_serial_gps = nullptr;
 #endif
 
-GPS *gps = nullptr;
+std::unique_ptr<GPS> gps = nullptr;
 
 static GPSUpdateScheduling scheduling;
 
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ static int32_t gpsSwitch()
     return 1000;
 }
 
-static concurrency::Periodic *gpsPeriodic;
+static std::unique_ptr<concurrency::Periodic> gpsPeriodic;
 #endif
 
 static void UBXChecksum(uint8_t *message, size_t length)
@@ -1485,7 +1485,7 @@ GnssModel_t GPS::getProbeResponse(unsigned long timeout, const std::vector<ChipI
     if (bufferSize > 2048)
         bufferSize = 2048;
 
-    char *response = new char[bufferSize](); // Dynamically allocate based on baud rate
+    auto response = std::unique_ptr<char[]>(new char[bufferSize]); // Dynamically allocate based on baud rate
     uint16_t responseLen = 0;
     unsigned long start = millis();
     while (millis() - start < timeout) {
@@ -1501,19 +1501,18 @@ GnssModel_t GPS::getProbeResponse(unsigned long timeout, const std::vector<ChipI
             if (c == ',' || (responseLen >= 2 && response[responseLen - 2] == '\r' && response[responseLen - 1] == '\n')) {
                 // check if we can see our chips
                 for (const auto &chipInfo : responseMap) {
-                    if (strstr(response, chipInfo.detectionString.c_str()) != nullptr) {
+                    if (strstr(response.get(), chipInfo.detectionString.c_str()) != nullptr) {
 #ifdef GPS_DEBUG
-                        LOG_DEBUG(response);
+                        LOG_DEBUG(response.get());
 #endif
                         LOG_INFO("%s detected", chipInfo.chipName.c_str());
-                        delete[] response; // Cleanup before return
                         return chipInfo.driver;
                     }
                 }
             }
             if (responseLen >= 2 && response[responseLen - 2] == '\r' && response[responseLen - 1] == '\n') {
 #ifdef GPS_DEBUG
-                LOG_DEBUG(response);
+                LOG_DEBUG(response.get());
 #endif
                 // Reset the response buffer for the next potential message
                 responseLen = 0;
@@ -1522,13 +1521,12 @@ GnssModel_t GPS::getProbeResponse(unsigned long timeout, const std::vector<ChipI
         }
     }
 #ifdef GPS_DEBUG
-    LOG_DEBUG(response);
+    LOG_DEBUG(response.get());
 #endif
-    delete[] response;         // Cleanup before return
     return GNSS_MODEL_UNKNOWN; // Return unknown on timeout
 }
 
-GPS *GPS::createGps()
+std::unique_ptr<GPS> GPS::createGps()
 {
     int8_t _rx_gpio = config.position.rx_gpio;
     int8_t _tx_gpio = config.position.tx_gpio;
@@ -1553,7 +1551,7 @@ GPS *GPS::createGps()
     if (!_rx_gpio || !_serial_gps) // Configured to have no GPS at all
         return nullptr;
 
-    GPS *new_gps = new GPS;
+    auto new_gps = std::unique_ptr<GPS>(new GPS());
     new_gps->rx_gpio = _rx_gpio;
     new_gps->tx_gpio = _tx_gpio;
 
@@ -1581,7 +1579,7 @@ GPS *GPS::createGps()
 #ifdef PIN_GPS_SWITCH
     // toggle GPS via external GPIO switch
     pinMode(PIN_GPS_SWITCH, INPUT);
-    gpsPeriodic = new concurrency::Periodic("GPSSwitch", gpsSwitch);
+    gpsPeriodic = std::unique_ptr<concurrency::Periodic>(new concurrency::Periodic("GPSSwitch", gpsSwitch));
 #endif
 
 // Currently disabled per issue #525 (TinyGPS++ crash bug)

src/gps/GPS.h

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 #include "configuration.h"
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_GPS
 
+#include <memory>
+
 #include "GPSStatus.h"
 #include "GpioLogic.h"
 #include "Observer.h"
@@ -118,7 +120,7 @@ class GPS : private concurrency::OSThread
 
     // Creates an instance of the GPS class.
     // Returns the new instance or null if the GPS is not present.
-    static GPS *createGps();
+    static std::unique_ptr<GPS> createGps();
 
     // Wake the GPS hardware - ready for an update
     void up();
@@ -256,5 +258,5 @@ class GPS : private concurrency::OSThread
     uint8_t fixeddelayCtr = 0;
 };
 
-extern GPS *gps;
+extern std::unique_ptr<GPS> gps;
 #endif // Exclude GPS

src/gps/RTC.cpp

@@ -72,11 +72,13 @@ RTCSetResult readFromRTC()
 #elif defined(PCF8563_RTC) || defined(PCF85063_RTC)
 #if defined(PCF8563_RTC)
     if (rtc_found.address == PCF8563_RTC) {
+        SensorPCF8563 rtc;
 #elif defined(PCF85063_RTC)
     if (rtc_found.address == PCF85063_RTC) {
+        SensorPCF85063 rtc;
+
 #endif
         uint32_t now = millis();
-        SensorRtcHelper rtc;
 
 #if WIRE_INTERFACES_COUNT == 2
         rtc.begin(rtc_found.port == ScanI2C::I2CPort::WIRE1 ? Wire1 : Wire);
@@ -240,10 +242,12 @@ RTCSetResult perhapsSetRTC(RTCQuality q, const struct timeval *tv, bool forceUpd
 #elif defined(PCF8563_RTC) || defined(PCF85063_RTC)
 #if defined(PCF8563_RTC)
         if (rtc_found.address == PCF8563_RTC) {
+            SensorPCF8563 rtc;
 #elif defined(PCF85063_RTC)
         if (rtc_found.address == PCF85063_RTC) {
+            SensorPCF85063 rtc;
+
 #endif
-            SensorRtcHelper rtc;
 
 #if WIRE_INTERFACES_COUNT == 2
             rtc.begin(rtc_found.port == ScanI2C::I2CPort::WIRE1 ? Wire1 : Wire);
@@ -276,11 +280,7 @@ RTCSetResult perhapsSetRTC(RTCQuality q, const struct timeval *tv, bool forceUpd
         settimeofday(tv, NULL);
 #endif
 
-        // nrf52 doesn't have a readable RTC (yet - software not written)
-#if HAS_RTC
         readFromRTC();
-#endif
-
         return RTCSetResultSuccess;
     } else {
         return RTCSetResultNotSet; // RTC was already set with a higher quality time
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ const char *RtcName(RTCQuality quality)
  * @param t The time to potentially set the RTC to.
  * @return True if the RTC was set to the provided time, false otherwise.
  */
-RTCSetResult perhapsSetRTC(RTCQuality q, struct tm &t)
+RTCSetResult perhapsSetRTC(RTCQuality q, const struct tm &t)
 {
     /* Convert to unix time
     The Unix epoch (or Unix time or POSIX time or Unix timestamp) is the number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970

src/gps/RTC.h

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ extern uint32_t lastSetFromPhoneNtpOrGps;
 
 /// If we haven't yet set our RTC this boot, set it from a GPS derived time
 RTCSetResult perhapsSetRTC(RTCQuality q, const struct timeval *tv, bool forceUpdate = false);
-RTCSetResult perhapsSetRTC(RTCQuality q, struct tm &t);
+RTCSetResult perhapsSetRTC(RTCQuality q, const struct tm &t);
 
 /// Return a string name for the quality
 const char *RtcName(RTCQuality quality);

src/graphics/EInkDynamicDisplay.cpp

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ EInkDynamicDisplay::EInkDynamicDisplay(uint8_t address, int sda, int scl, OLEDDI
 {
     // If tracking ghost pixels, grab memory
 #ifdef EINK_LIMIT_GHOSTING_PX
-    dirtyPixels = new uint8_t[EInkDisplay::displayBufferSize](); // Init with zeros
+    dirtyPixels = std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]>(new uint8_t[EInkDisplay::displayBufferSize]()); // Init with zeros
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ EInkDynamicDisplay::~EInkDynamicDisplay()
 {
     // If we were tracking ghost pixels, free the memory
 #ifdef EINK_LIMIT_GHOSTING_PX
-    delete[] dirtyPixels;
+    dirtyPixels = nullptr;
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ void EInkDynamicDisplay::checkExcessiveGhosting()
 void EInkDynamicDisplay::resetGhostPixelTracking()
 {
     // Copy the current frame into dirtyPixels[] from the display buffer
-    memcpy(dirtyPixels, EInkDisplay::buffer, EInkDisplay::displayBufferSize);
+    memcpy(dirtyPixels.get(), EInkDisplay::buffer, EInkDisplay::displayBufferSize);
 }
 #endif // EINK_LIMIT_GHOSTING_PX
 

src/graphics/EInkDynamicDisplay.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 #include "configuration.h"
+#include <memory>
 
 #if defined(USE_EINK) && defined(USE_EINK_DYNAMICDISPLAY)
 
@@ -116,11 +117,11 @@ class EInkDynamicDisplay : public EInkDisplay, protected concurrency::NotifiedWo
     // Optional - track ghosting, pixel by pixel
     // May 2024: no longer used by any display. Kept for possible future use.
 #ifdef EINK_LIMIT_GHOSTING_PX
-    void countGhostPixels();        // Count any pixels which have moved from black to white since last full-refresh
-    void checkExcessiveGhosting();  // Check if ghosting exceeds defined limit
-    void resetGhostPixelTracking(); // Clear the dirty pixels array. Call when full-refresh cleans the display.
-    uint8_t *dirtyPixels;           // Any pixels that have been black since last full-refresh (dynamically allocated mem)
-    uint32_t ghostPixelCount = 0;   // Number of pixels with problematic ghosting. Retained here for LOG_DEBUG use
+    void countGhostPixels();                // Count any pixels which have moved from black to white since last full-refresh
+    void checkExcessiveGhosting();          // Check if ghosting exceeds defined limit
+    void resetGhostPixelTracking();         // Clear the dirty pixels array. Call when full-refresh cleans the display.
+    std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> dirtyPixels; // Any pixels that have been black since last full-refresh (dynamically allocated mem)
+    uint32_t ghostPixelCount = 0;           // Number of pixels with problematic ghosting. Retained here for LOG_DEBUG use
 #endif
 
     // Conditional - async full refresh - only with modified meshtastic/GxEPD2

src/graphics/NeoPixel.h

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-#ifdef HAS_NEOPIXEL
-#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
-extern Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels;
-#endif

src/graphics/NomadStarLED.h

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 #ifdef HAS_LP5562
+#include <Wire.h>
+
 #include <LP5562.h>
 extern LP5562 rgbw;
 

src/graphics/RAKled.h

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-#ifdef HAS_NCP5623
-#include <NCP5623.h>
-extern NCP5623 rgb;
-
-#endif

src/graphics/SharedUIDisplay.cpp

@@ -221,7 +221,6 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
 
     if (rtc_sec > 0) {
         // === Build Time String ===
-        long hms = (rtc_sec % SEC_PER_DAY + SEC_PER_DAY) % SEC_PER_DAY;
         int hour, minute, second;
         graphics::decomposeTime(rtc_sec, hour, minute, second);
         snprintf(timeStr, sizeof(timeStr), "%d:%02d", hour, minute);
@@ -428,39 +427,33 @@ const int *getTextPositions(OLEDDisplay *display)
 // *************************
 void drawCommonFooter(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y)
 {
-    bool drawConnectionState = false;
-    if (service->api_state == service->STATE_BLE || service->api_state == service->STATE_WIFI ||
-        service->api_state == service->STATE_SERIAL || service->api_state == service->STATE_PACKET ||
-        service->api_state == service->STATE_HTTP || service->api_state == service->STATE_ETH) {
-        drawConnectionState = true;
-    }
+    if (!isAPIConnected(service->api_state))
+        return;
 
-    if (drawConnectionState) {
-        const int scale = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? 2 : 1;
-        display->setColor(BLACK);
-        display->fillRect(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT - (1 * scale) - (connection_icon_height * scale), (connection_icon_width * scale),
-                          (connection_icon_height * scale) + (2 * scale));
-        display->setColor(WHITE);
-        if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) {
-            const int bytesPerRow = (connection_icon_width + 7) / 8;
-            int iconX = 0;
-            int iconY = SCREEN_HEIGHT - (connection_icon_height * 2);
+    const int scale = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? 2 : 1;
+    display->setColor(BLACK);
+    display->fillRect(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT - (1 * scale) - (connection_icon_height * scale), (connection_icon_width * scale),
+                      (connection_icon_height * scale) + (2 * scale));
+    display->setColor(WHITE);
+    if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) {
+        const int bytesPerRow = (connection_icon_width + 7) / 8;
+        int iconX = 0;
+        int iconY = SCREEN_HEIGHT - (connection_icon_height * 2);
 
-            for (int yy = 0; yy < connection_icon_height; ++yy) {
-                const uint8_t *rowPtr = connection_icon + yy * bytesPerRow;
-                for (int xx = 0; xx < connection_icon_width; ++xx) {
-                    const uint8_t byteVal = pgm_read_byte(rowPtr + (xx >> 3));
-                    const uint8_t bitMask = 1U << (xx & 7); // XBM is LSB-first
-                    if (byteVal & bitMask) {
-                        display->fillRect(iconX + xx * scale, iconY + yy * scale, scale, scale);
-                    }
+        for (int yy = 0; yy < connection_icon_height; ++yy) {
+            const uint8_t *rowPtr = connection_icon + yy * bytesPerRow;
+            for (int xx = 0; xx < connection_icon_width; ++xx) {
+                const uint8_t byteVal = pgm_read_byte(rowPtr + (xx >> 3));
+                const uint8_t bitMask = 1U << (xx & 7); // XBM is LSB-first
+                if (byteVal & bitMask) {
+                    display->fillRect(iconX + xx * scale, iconY + yy * scale, scale, scale);
                 }
             }
-
-        } else {
-            display->drawXbm(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT - connection_icon_height, connection_icon_width, connection_icon_height,
-                             connection_icon);
         }
+
+    } else {
+        display->drawXbm(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT - connection_icon_height, connection_icon_width, connection_icon_height,
+                         connection_icon);
     }
 }
 

src/graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h

@@ -63,4 +63,18 @@ bool isAllowedPunctuation(char c);
 
 std::string sanitizeString(const std::string &input);
 
+static inline bool isAPIConnected(uint8_t state)
+{
+    static constexpr bool connectedStates[] = {
+        /* STATE_NONE    */ false,
+        /* STATE_BLE     */ true,
+        /* STATE_WIFI    */ true,
+        /* STATE_SERIAL  */ true,
+        /* STATE_PACKET  */ true,
+        /* STATE_HTTP    */ true,
+        /* STATE_ETH     */ true,
+    };
+    return state < sizeof(connectedStates) ? connectedStates[state] : false;
+}
+
 } // namespace graphics

src/graphics/TimeFormatters.cpp

@@ -110,14 +110,14 @@ void getUptimeStr(uint32_t uptimeMillis, const char *prefix, char *uptimeStr, ui
     uint32_t secs = (uptimeMillis % 60000) / 1000;
 
     if (days) {
-        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s: %ud %uh", prefix, days, hours);
+        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s%ud %uh", prefix, days, hours);
     } else if (hours) {
-        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s: %uh %um", prefix, hours, mins);
+        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s%uh %um", prefix, hours, mins);
     } else if (!includeSecs) {
-        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s: %um", prefix, mins);
+        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s%um", prefix, mins);
     } else if (mins) {
-        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s: %um %us", prefix, mins, secs);
+        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s%um %us", prefix, mins, secs);
     } else {
-        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s: %us", prefix, secs);
+        snprintf(uptimeStr, maxLength, "%s%us", prefix, secs);
     }
-}
+}

src/graphics/VirtualKeyboard.cpp

@@ -429,6 +429,10 @@ void VirtualKeyboard::drawKey(OLEDDisplay *display, const VirtualKey &key, bool
             c = c - 'a' + 'A';
         }
         keyText = (key.character == ' ' || key.character == '_') ? "_" : std::string(1, c);
+        // Show the common "/" pairing next to "?" like on a real keyboard
+        if (key.type == VK_CHAR && key.character == '?') {
+            keyText = "?/";
+        }
     }
 
     int textWidth = display->getStringWidth(keyText.c_str());
@@ -518,9 +522,13 @@ char VirtualKeyboard::getCharForKey(const VirtualKey &key, bool isLongPress)
 
     char c = key.character;
 
-    // Long-press: only keep letter lowercase->uppercase conversion; remove other symbol mappings
-    if (isLongPress && c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') {
-        c = (char)(c - 'a' + 'A');
+    // Long-press: letters become uppercase; for "?" provide "/" like a typical keyboard
+    if (isLongPress) {
+        if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z') {
+            c = (char)(c - 'a' + 'A');
+        } else if (c == '?') {
+            c = '/';
+        }
     }
 
     return c;

src/graphics/draw/DebugRenderer.cpp

@@ -663,7 +663,7 @@ void drawSystemScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x
 
     if (SCREEN_HEIGHT > 64 || (SCREEN_HEIGHT <= 64 && line <= 5)) { // Only show uptime if the screen can show it
         char uptimeStr[32] = "";
-        getUptimeStr(millis(), "Up", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr));
+        getUptimeStr(millis(), "Up: ", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr));
         textWidth = display->getStringWidth(uptimeStr);
         nameX = (SCREEN_WIDTH - textWidth) / 2;
         display->drawString(nameX, getTextPositions(display)[line++], uptimeStr);

src/graphics/draw/MenuHandler.cpp

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ BannerOverlayOptions createStaticBannerOptions(const char *message, const MenuOp
 
 } // namespace
 
-menuHandler::screenMenus menuHandler::menuQueue = menu_none;
+menuHandler::screenMenus menuHandler::menuQueue = MenuNone;
 uint32_t menuHandler::pickedNodeNum = 0;
 bool test_enabled = false;
 uint8_t test_count = 0;
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ uint8_t test_count = 0;
 void menuHandler::loraMenu()
 {
     static const char *optionsArray[] = {"Back", "Device Role", "Radio Preset", "Frequency Slot", "LoRa Region"};
-    enum optionsNumbers { Back = 0, device_role_picker = 1, radio_preset_picker = 2, frequency_slot = 3, lora_picker = 4 };
+    enum optionsNumbers { Back = 0, DeviceRolePicker = 1, RadioPresetPicker = 2, FrequencySlot = 3, LoraPicker = 4 };
     BannerOverlayOptions bannerOptions;
     bannerOptions.message = "LoRa Actions";
     bannerOptions.optionsArrayPtr = optionsArray;
@@ -74,14 +74,14 @@ void menuHandler::loraMenu()
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Back) {
             // No action
-        } else if (selected == device_role_picker) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::device_role_picker;
-        } else if (selected == radio_preset_picker) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::radio_preset_picker;
-        } else if (selected == frequency_slot) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::frequency_slot;
-        } else if (selected == lora_picker) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::lora_picker;
+        } else if (selected == DeviceRolePicker) {
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::DeviceRolePicker;
+        } else if (selected == RadioPresetPicker) {
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::RadioPresetPicker;
+        } else if (selected == FrequencySlot) {
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::FrequencySlot;
+        } else if (selected == LoraPicker) {
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::LoraPicker;
         }
     };
     screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ void menuHandler::OnboardMessage()
     bannerOptions.optionsArrayPtr = optionsArray;
     bannerOptions.optionsCount = 2;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
-        menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::no_timeout_lora_picker;
+        menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::NoTimeoutLoraPicker;
         screen->runNow();
     };
     screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ void menuHandler::LoraRegionPicker(uint32_t duration)
     screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
 }
 
-void menuHandler::DeviceRolePicker()
+void menuHandler::deviceRolePicker()
 {
     static const char *optionsArray[] = {"Back", "Client", "Client Mute", "Lost and Found", "Tracker"};
     enum optionsNumbers {
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ void menuHandler::DeviceRolePicker()
     bannerOptions.optionsCount = 5;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Back) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::lora_Menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::LoraMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             return;
         } else if (selected == devicerole_client) {
@@ -300,7 +300,7 @@ void menuHandler::FrequencySlotPicker()
 
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Back) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::lora_Menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::LoraMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             return;
         }
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ void menuHandler::FrequencySlotPicker()
     screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
 }
 
-void menuHandler::RadioPresetPicker()
+void menuHandler::radioPresetPicker()
 {
     static const RadioPresetOption presetOptions[] = {
         {"Back", OptionsAction::Back},
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ void menuHandler::RadioPresetPicker()
     auto bannerOptions =
         createStaticBannerOptions("Radio Preset", presetOptions, presetLabels, [](const RadioPresetOption &option, int) -> void {
             if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
-                menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::lora_Menu;
+                menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::LoraMenu;
                 screen->runNow();
                 return;
             }
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ void menuHandler::RadioPresetPicker()
     screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
 }
 
-void menuHandler::TwelveHourPicker()
+void menuHandler::twelveHourPicker()
 {
     static const char *optionsArray[] = {"Back", "12-hour", "24-hour"};
     enum optionsNumbers { Back = 0, twelve = 1, twentyfour = 2 };
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ void menuHandler::TwelveHourPicker()
     bannerOptions.optionsCount = 3;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Back) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::clock_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ClockMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == twelve) {
             config.display.use_12h_clock = true;
@@ -390,7 +390,7 @@ void menuHandler::showConfirmationBanner(const char *message, std::function<void
     screen->showOverlayBanner(confirmBanner);
 }
 
-void menuHandler::ClockFacePicker()
+void menuHandler::clockFacePicker()
 {
     static const ClockFaceOption clockFaceOptions[] = {
         {"Back", OptionsAction::Back},
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ void menuHandler::ClockFacePicker()
     auto bannerOptions = createStaticBannerOptions("Which Face?", clockFaceOptions, clockFaceLabels,
                                                    [](const ClockFaceOption &option, int) -> void {
                                                        if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
-                                                           menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::clock_menu;
+                                                           menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ClockMenu;
                                                            screen->runNow();
                                                            return;
                                                        }
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ void menuHandler::TZPicker()
     auto bannerOptions = createStaticBannerOptions(
         "Pick Timezone", timezoneOptions, timezoneLabels, [](const TimezoneOption &option, int) -> void {
             if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
-                menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::clock_menu;
+                menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ClockMenu;
                 screen->runNow();
                 return;
             }
@@ -503,13 +503,13 @@ void menuHandler::clockMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsCount = 4;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Clock) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::clock_face_picker;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ClockFacePicker;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == Time) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::twelve_hour_picker;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::TwelveHourPicker;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == Timezone) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::TZ_picker;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::TzPicker;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -539,7 +539,7 @@ void menuHandler::messageResponseMenu()
     // If viewing ALL chats, hide “Mute Chat”
     if (mode != graphics::MessageRenderer::ThreadMode::ALL && mode != graphics::MessageRenderer::ThreadMode::DIRECT) {
         const uint8_t chIndex = (threadChannel != 0) ? (uint8_t)threadChannel : channels.getPrimaryIndex();
-        auto &chan = channels.getByIndex(chIndex);
+        const auto &chan = channels.getByIndex(chIndex);
 
         optionsArray[options] = chan.settings.module_settings.is_muted ? "Unmute Channel" : "Mute Channel";
         optionsEnumArray[options++] = MuteChannel;
@@ -572,12 +572,12 @@ void menuHandler::messageResponseMenu()
         LOG_DEBUG("[ReplyCtx] mode=%d ch=%d peer=0x%08x", (int)mode, ch, (unsigned int)peer);
 
         if (selected == ViewMode) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::message_viewmode_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::MessageViewModeMenu;
             screen->runNow();
 
             // Reply submenu
         } else if (selected == ReplyMenu) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::reply_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ReplyMenu;
             screen->runNow();
 
         } else if (selected == MuteChannel) {
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ void menuHandler::messageResponseMenu()
             }
 
         } else if (selected == DeleteMenu) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::delete_messages_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::DeleteMessagesMenu;
             screen->runNow();
 
 #ifdef HAS_I2S
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ void menuHandler::replyMenu()
         uint32_t peer = graphics::MessageRenderer::getThreadPeer();
 
         if (selected == Back) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::message_response_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::MessageResponseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             return;
         }
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ void menuHandler::deleteMessagesMenu()
         uint32_t peer = graphics::MessageRenderer::getThreadPeer();
 
         if (selected == Back) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::message_response_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::MessageResponseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             return;
         }
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ void menuHandler::messageViewModeMenu()
     // Gather unique peers
     auto dms = messageStore.getDirectMessages();
     std::vector<uint32_t> uniquePeers;
-    for (auto &m : dms) {
+    for (const auto &m : dms) {
         uint32_t peer = (m.sender == nodeDB->getNodeNum()) ? m.dest : m.sender;
         if (peer != nodeDB->getNodeNum() && std::find(uniquePeers.begin(), uniquePeers.end(), peer) == uniquePeers.end())
             uniquePeers.push_back(peer);
@@ -901,7 +901,7 @@ void menuHandler::messageViewModeMenu()
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [=](int selected) -> void {
         LOG_DEBUG("messageViewModeMenu: selected=%d", selected);
         if (selected == -1) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::message_response_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::MessageResponseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == -2) {
             graphics::MessageRenderer::setThreadMode(graphics::MessageRenderer::ThreadMode::ALL);
@@ -1083,23 +1083,23 @@ void menuHandler::systemBaseMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsEnumPtr = optionsEnumArray;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Notifications) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::buzzermodemenupicker;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::BuzzerModeMenuPicker;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == ScreenOptions) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::screen_options_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ScreenOptionsMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == PowerMenu) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::power_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::PowerMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == Test) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::test_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::TestMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == Bluetooth) {
-            menuQueue = bluetooth_toggle_menu;
+            menuQueue = BluetoothToggleMenu;
             screen->runNow();
 #if HAS_WIFI && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
         } else if (selected == WiFiToggle) {
-            menuQueue = wifi_toggle_menu;
+            menuQueue = WifiToggleMenu;
             screen->runNow();
 #endif
         } else if (selected == Back && !test_enabled) {
@@ -1177,7 +1177,7 @@ void menuHandler::favoriteBaseMenu()
             evt.action = UIFrameEvent::Action::SWITCH_TO_TEXTMESSAGE;
             screen->handleUIFrameEvent(&evt);
         } else if (selected == Remove) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::remove_favorite;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::RemoveFavorite;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == TraceRoute) {
             if (traceRouteModule) {
@@ -1238,15 +1238,15 @@ void menuHandler::positionBaseMenu()
         auto action = static_cast<PositionAction>(option.value);
         switch (action) {
         case PositionAction::GpsToggle:
-            menuQueue = gps_toggle_menu;
+            menuQueue = GpsToggleMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             break;
         case PositionAction::GpsFormat:
-            menuQueue = gps_format_menu;
+            menuQueue = GpsFormatMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             break;
         case PositionAction::CompassMenu:
-            menuQueue = compass_point_north_menu;
+            menuQueue = CompassPointNorthMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             break;
         case PositionAction::CompassCalibrate:
@@ -1255,15 +1255,15 @@ void menuHandler::positionBaseMenu()
             }
             break;
         case PositionAction::GPSSmartPosition:
-            menuQueue = gps_smart_position_menu;
+            menuQueue = GpsSmartPositionMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             break;
         case PositionAction::GPSUpdateInterval:
-            menuQueue = gps_update_interval_menu;
+            menuQueue = GpsUpdateIntervalMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             break;
         case PositionAction::GPSPositionBroadcast:
-            menuQueue = gps_position_broadcast_menu;
+            menuQueue = GpsPositionBroadcastMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             break;
         }
@@ -1303,13 +1303,13 @@ void menuHandler::nodeListMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsEnumPtr = optionsEnumArray;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == NodePicker) {
-            menuQueue = NodePicker_menu;
+            menuQueue = NodePickerMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == Reset) {
-            menuQueue = reset_node_db_menu;
+            menuQueue = ResetNodeDbMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == NodeNameLength) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::node_name_length_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::NodeNameLengthMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -1330,12 +1330,12 @@ void menuHandler::NodePicker()
         menuHandler::pickedNodeNum = nodenum;
         // Keep UI favorite context in sync (used elsewhere for some node-based actions)
         graphics::UIRenderer::currentFavoriteNodeNum = nodenum;
-        menuQueue = Manage_Node_menu;
+        menuQueue = ManageNodeMenu;
         screen->runNow();
     });
 }
 
-void menuHandler::ManageNodeMenu()
+void menuHandler::manageNodeMenu()
 {
     // If we don't have a node selected yet, go fast exit
     auto node = nodeDB->getMeshNode(menuHandler::pickedNodeNum);
@@ -1391,13 +1391,13 @@ void menuHandler::ManageNodeMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsEnumPtr = optionsEnumArray;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Back) {
-            menuQueue = node_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = NodeBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             return;
         }
 
         if (selected == Favorite) {
-            auto n = nodeDB->getMeshNode(menuHandler::pickedNodeNum);
+            const auto *n = nodeDB->getMeshNode(menuHandler::pickedNodeNum);
             if (!n) {
                 return;
             }
@@ -1483,7 +1483,7 @@ void menuHandler::nodeNameLengthMenu()
     auto bannerOptions = createStaticBannerOptions("Node Name Length", nodeNameOptions, nodeNameLabels,
                                                    [](const NodeNameOption &option, int) -> void {
                                                        if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
-                                                           menuQueue = node_base_menu;
+                                                           menuQueue = NodeBaseMenu;
                                                            screen->runNow();
                                                            return;
                                                        }
@@ -1498,6 +1498,7 @@ void menuHandler::nodeNameLengthMenu()
 
                                                        config.display.use_long_node_name = option.value;
                                                        saveUIConfig();
+                                                       service->reloadConfig(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
                                                        LOG_INFO("Setting names to %s", option.value ? "long" : "short");
                                                    });
 
@@ -1528,7 +1529,7 @@ void menuHandler::resetNodeDBMenu()
             nodeDB->resetNodes(1);
             rebootAtMsec = (millis() + DEFAULT_REBOOT_SECONDS * 1000);
         } else if (selected == 0) {
-            menuQueue = node_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = NodeBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -1550,7 +1551,7 @@ void menuHandler::compassNorthMenu()
     auto bannerOptions = createStaticBannerOptions("North Directions?", compassOptions, compassLabels,
                                                    [](const CompassOption &option, int) -> void {
                                                        if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
-                                                           menuQueue = position_base_menu;
+                                                           menuQueue = PositionBaseMenu;
                                                            screen->runNow();
                                                            return;
                                                        }
@@ -1595,7 +1596,7 @@ void menuHandler::GPSToggleMenu()
     auto bannerOptions =
         createStaticBannerOptions("Toggle GPS", gpsToggleOptions, toggleLabels, [](const GPSToggleOption &option, int) -> void {
             if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
-                menuQueue = position_base_menu;
+                menuQueue = PositionBaseMenu;
                 screen->runNow();
                 return;
             }
@@ -1660,7 +1661,7 @@ void menuHandler::GPSFormatMenu()
 
     auto onSelection = [](const GPSFormatOption &option, int) -> void {
         if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
-            menuQueue = position_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = PositionBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
             return;
         }
@@ -1715,7 +1716,7 @@ void menuHandler::GPSSmartPositionMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsCount = 3;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == 0) {
-            menuQueue = position_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = PositionBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == 1) {
             config.position.position_broadcast_smart_enabled = true;
@@ -1744,7 +1745,7 @@ void menuHandler::GPSUpdateIntervalMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsCount = 16;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == 0) {
-            menuQueue = position_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = PositionBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == 1) {
             config.position.gps_update_interval = 8;
@@ -1832,7 +1833,7 @@ void menuHandler::GPSPositionBroadcastMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsCount = 17;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == 0) {
-            menuQueue = position_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = PositionBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == 1) {
             config.position.position_broadcast_secs = 60;
@@ -1915,7 +1916,7 @@ void menuHandler::GPSPositionBroadcastMenu()
 
 #endif
 
-void menuHandler::BluetoothToggleMenu()
+void menuHandler::bluetoothToggleMenu()
 {
     static const char *optionsArray[] = {"Back", "Enabled", "Disabled"};
     BannerOverlayOptions bannerOptions;
@@ -2043,7 +2044,7 @@ void menuHandler::TFTColorPickerMenu(OLEDDisplay *display)
     auto bannerOptions = createStaticBannerOptions(
         "Select Screen Color", colorOptions, colorLabels, [display](const ScreenColorOption &option, int) -> void {
             if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
-                menuQueue = system_base_menu;
+                menuQueue = SystemBaseMenu;
                 screen->runNow();
                 return;
             }
@@ -2138,7 +2139,7 @@ void menuHandler::rebootMenu()
             messageStore.saveToFlash();
             rebootAtMsec = millis() + DEFAULT_REBOOT_SECONDS * 1000;
         } else {
-            menuQueue = power_menu;
+            menuQueue = PowerMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -2160,7 +2161,7 @@ void menuHandler::shutdownMenu()
             InputEvent event = {.inputEvent = (input_broker_event)INPUT_BROKER_SHUTDOWN, .kbchar = 0, .touchX = 0, .touchY = 0};
             inputBroker->injectInputEvent(&event);
         } else {
-            menuQueue = power_menu;
+            menuQueue = PowerMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -2221,14 +2222,14 @@ void menuHandler::testMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsEnumPtr = optionsEnumArray;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == NumberPicker) {
-            menuQueue = number_test;
+            menuQueue = NumberTest;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == ShowChirpy) {
             screen->toggleFrameVisibility("chirpy");
             screen->setFrames(Screen::FOCUS_SYSTEM);
 
         } else {
-            menuQueue = system_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = SystemBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -2252,7 +2253,7 @@ void menuHandler::wifiBaseMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsCount = 2;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Wifi_toggle) {
-            menuQueue = wifi_toggle_menu;
+            menuQueue = WifiToggleMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -2291,19 +2292,18 @@ void menuHandler::wifiToggleMenu()
 void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
 {
     // Check if brightness is supported
-    bool hasSupportBrightness = false;
-#if defined(ST7789_CS) || defined(USE_OLED) || defined(USE_SSD1306) || defined(USE_SH1106) || defined(USE_SH1107)
-    hasSupportBrightness = true;
-#endif
-
 #if defined(T_DECK)
     // TDeck Doesn't seem to support brightness at all, at least not reliably
-    hasSupportBrightness = false;
+    bool hasSupportBrightness = false;
+#elif defined(ST7789_CS) || defined(USE_OLED) || defined(USE_SSD1306) || defined(USE_SH1106) || defined(USE_SH1107)
+    bool hasSupportBrightness = true;
+#else
+    bool hasSupportBrightness = false;
 #endif
 
-    enum optionsNumbers { Back, Brightness, ScreenColor, FrameToggles, DisplayUnits };
-    static const char *optionsArray[5] = {"Back"};
-    static int optionsEnumArray[5] = {Back};
+    enum optionsNumbers { Back, Brightness, ScreenColor, FrameToggles, DisplayUnits, MessageBubbles };
+    static const char *optionsArray[6] = {"Back"};
+    static int optionsEnumArray[6] = {Back};
     int options = 1;
 
     // Only show brightness for B&W displays
@@ -2325,6 +2325,9 @@ void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
     optionsArray[options] = "Display Units";
     optionsEnumArray[options++] = DisplayUnits;
 
+    optionsArray[options] = "Message Bubbles";
+    optionsEnumArray[options++] = MessageBubbles;
+
     BannerOverlayOptions bannerOptions;
     bannerOptions.message = "Display Options";
     bannerOptions.optionsArrayPtr = optionsArray;
@@ -2332,10 +2335,10 @@ void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsEnumPtr = optionsEnumArray;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Brightness) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::brightness_picker;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::BrightnessPicker;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == ScreenColor) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::tftcolormenupicker;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::TftColorMenuPicker;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == FrameToggles) {
             menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::FrameToggles;
@@ -2343,8 +2346,11 @@ void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
         } else if (selected == DisplayUnits) {
             menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::DisplayUnits;
             screen->runNow();
+        } else if (selected == MessageBubbles) {
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::MessageBubblesMenu;
+            screen->runNow();
         } else {
-            menuQueue = system_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = SystemBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -2380,16 +2386,16 @@ void menuHandler::powerMenu()
     bannerOptions.optionsEnumPtr = optionsEnumArray;
     bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
         if (selected == Reboot) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::reboot_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::RebootMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == Shutdown) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::shutdown_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ShutdownMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         } else if (selected == MUI) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::mui_picker;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::MuiPicker;
             screen->runNow();
         } else {
-            menuQueue = system_base_menu;
+            menuQueue = SystemBaseMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -2427,7 +2433,7 @@ void menuHandler::keyVerificationFinalPrompt()
     }
 }
 
-void menuHandler::FrameToggles_menu()
+void menuHandler::frameTogglesMenu()
 {
     enum optionsNumbers {
         Finish,
@@ -2437,7 +2443,7 @@ void menuHandler::FrameToggles_menu()
         nodelist_hopsignal,
         nodelist_distance,
         nodelist_bearings,
-        gps,
+        gps_position,
         lora,
         clock,
         show_favorites,
@@ -2475,7 +2481,7 @@ void menuHandler::FrameToggles_menu()
 #endif
 
     optionsArray[options] = screen->isFrameHidden("gps") ? "Show Position" : "Hide Position";
-    optionsEnumArray[options++] = gps;
+    optionsEnumArray[options++] = gps_position;
 #endif
 
     optionsArray[options] = screen->isFrameHidden("lora") ? "Show LoRa" : "Hide LoRa";
@@ -2538,7 +2544,7 @@ void menuHandler::FrameToggles_menu()
             screen->toggleFrameVisibility("nodelist_bearings");
             menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::FrameToggles;
             screen->runNow();
-        } else if (selected == gps) {
+        } else if (selected == gps_position) {
             screen->toggleFrameVisibility("gps");
             menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::FrameToggles;
             screen->runNow();
@@ -2571,7 +2577,7 @@ void menuHandler::FrameToggles_menu()
     screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
 }
 
-void menuHandler::DisplayUnits_menu()
+void menuHandler::displayUnitsMenu()
 {
     enum optionsNumbers { Back, MetricUnits, ImperialUnits };
 
@@ -2592,7 +2598,34 @@ void menuHandler::DisplayUnits_menu()
             config.display.units = meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayUnits_IMPERIAL;
             service->reloadConfig(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
         } else {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::screen_options_menu;
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ScreenOptionsMenu;
+            screen->runNow();
+        }
+    };
+    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
+}
+
+void menuHandler::messageBubblesMenu()
+{
+    enum optionsNumbers { Back, ShowBubbles, HideBubbles };
+
+    static const char *optionsArray[] = {"Back", "Show Bubbles", "Hide Bubbles"};
+    BannerOverlayOptions bannerOptions;
+    bannerOptions.message = "Message Bubbles";
+    bannerOptions.optionsArrayPtr = optionsArray;
+    bannerOptions.optionsCount = 3;
+    bannerOptions.InitialSelected = config.display.enable_message_bubbles ? 1 : 2;
+    bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
+        if (selected == ShowBubbles) {
+            config.display.enable_message_bubbles = true;
+            service->reloadConfig(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
+            LOG_INFO("Message bubbles enabled");
+        } else if (selected == HideBubbles) {
+            config.display.enable_message_bubbles = false;
+            service->reloadConfig(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
+            LOG_INFO("Message bubbles disabled");
+        } else {
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ScreenOptionsMenu;
             screen->runNow();
         }
     };
@@ -2601,153 +2634,156 @@ void menuHandler::DisplayUnits_menu()
 
 void menuHandler::handleMenuSwitch(OLEDDisplay *display)
 {
-    if (menuQueue != menu_none)
+    if (menuQueue != MenuNone)
         test_count = 0;
     switch (menuQueue) {
-    case menu_none:
+    case MenuNone:
         break;
-    case lora_Menu:
+    case LoraMenu:
         loraMenu();
         break;
-    case lora_picker:
+    case LoraPicker:
         LoraRegionPicker();
         break;
-    case device_role_picker:
-        DeviceRolePicker();
+    case DeviceRolePicker:
+        deviceRolePicker();
         break;
-    case radio_preset_picker:
-        RadioPresetPicker();
+    case RadioPresetPicker:
+        radioPresetPicker();
         break;
-    case frequency_slot:
+    case FrequencySlot:
         FrequencySlotPicker();
         break;
-    case no_timeout_lora_picker:
+    case NoTimeoutLoraPicker:
         LoraRegionPicker(0);
         break;
-    case TZ_picker:
+    case TzPicker:
         TZPicker();
         break;
-    case twelve_hour_picker:
-        TwelveHourPicker();
+    case TwelveHourPicker:
+        twelveHourPicker();
         break;
-    case clock_face_picker:
-        ClockFacePicker();
+    case ClockFacePicker:
+        clockFacePicker();
         break;
-    case clock_menu:
+    case ClockMenu:
         clockMenu();
         break;
-    case system_base_menu:
+    case SystemBaseMenu:
         systemBaseMenu();
         break;
-    case position_base_menu:
+    case PositionBaseMenu:
         positionBaseMenu();
         break;
-    case node_base_menu:
+    case NodeBaseMenu:
         nodeListMenu();
         break;
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_GPS
-    case gps_toggle_menu:
+    case GpsToggleMenu:
         GPSToggleMenu();
         break;
-    case gps_format_menu:
+    case GpsFormatMenu:
         GPSFormatMenu();
         break;
-    case gps_smart_position_menu:
+    case GpsSmartPositionMenu:
         GPSSmartPositionMenu();
         break;
-    case gps_update_interval_menu:
+    case GpsUpdateIntervalMenu:
         GPSUpdateIntervalMenu();
         break;
-    case gps_position_broadcast_menu:
+    case GpsPositionBroadcastMenu:
         GPSPositionBroadcastMenu();
         break;
 #endif
-    case compass_point_north_menu:
+    case CompassPointNorthMenu:
         compassNorthMenu();
         break;
-    case reset_node_db_menu:
+    case ResetNodeDbMenu:
         resetNodeDBMenu();
         break;
-    case buzzermodemenupicker:
+    case BuzzerModeMenuPicker:
         BuzzerModeMenu();
         break;
-    case mui_picker:
+    case MuiPicker:
         switchToMUIMenu();
         break;
-    case tftcolormenupicker:
+    case TftColorMenuPicker:
         TFTColorPickerMenu(display);
         break;
-    case brightness_picker:
+    case BrightnessPicker:
         BrightnessPickerMenu();
         break;
-    case node_name_length_menu:
+    case NodeNameLengthMenu:
         nodeNameLengthMenu();
         break;
-    case reboot_menu:
+    case RebootMenu:
         rebootMenu();
         break;
-    case shutdown_menu:
+    case ShutdownMenu:
         shutdownMenu();
         break;
-    case NodePicker_menu:
+    case NodePickerMenu:
         NodePicker();
         break;
-    case Manage_Node_menu:
-        ManageNodeMenu();
+    case ManageNodeMenu:
+        manageNodeMenu();
         break;
-    case remove_favorite:
+    case RemoveFavorite:
         removeFavoriteMenu();
         break;
-    case trace_route_menu:
+    case TraceRouteMenu:
         traceRouteMenu();
         break;
-    case test_menu:
+    case TestMenu:
         testMenu();
         break;
-    case number_test:
+    case NumberTest:
         numberTest();
         break;
-    case wifi_toggle_menu:
+    case WifiToggleMenu:
         wifiToggleMenu();
         break;
-    case key_verification_init:
+    case KeyVerificationInit:
         keyVerificationInitMenu();
         break;
-    case key_verification_final_prompt:
+    case KeyVerificationFinalPrompt:
         keyVerificationFinalPrompt();
         break;
-    case bluetooth_toggle_menu:
-        BluetoothToggleMenu();
+    case BluetoothToggleMenu:
+        bluetoothToggleMenu();
         break;
-    case screen_options_menu:
+    case ScreenOptionsMenu:
         screenOptionsMenu();
         break;
-    case power_menu:
+    case PowerMenu:
         powerMenu();
         break;
     case FrameToggles:
-        FrameToggles_menu();
+        frameTogglesMenu();
         break;
     case DisplayUnits:
-        DisplayUnits_menu();
+        displayUnitsMenu();
         break;
-    case throttle_message:
+    case ThrottleMessage:
         screen->showSimpleBanner("Too Many Attempts\nTry again in 60 seconds.", 5000);
         break;
-    case message_response_menu:
+    case MessageResponseMenu:
         messageResponseMenu();
         break;
-    case reply_menu:
+    case ReplyMenu:
         replyMenu();
         break;
-    case delete_messages_menu:
+    case DeleteMessagesMenu:
         deleteMessagesMenu();
         break;
-    case message_viewmode_menu:
+    case MessageViewModeMenu:
         messageViewModeMenu();
         break;
+    case MessageBubblesMenu:
+        messageBubblesMenu();
+        break;
     }
-    menuQueue = menu_none;
+    menuQueue = MenuNone;
 }
 
 void menuHandler::saveUIConfig()

src/graphics/draw/MenuHandler.h

@@ -8,53 +8,54 @@ class menuHandler
 {
   public:
     enum screenMenus {
-        menu_none,
-        lora_Menu,
-        lora_picker,
-        device_role_picker,
-        radio_preset_picker,
-        frequency_slot,
-        no_timeout_lora_picker,
-        TZ_picker,
-        twelve_hour_picker,
-        clock_face_picker,
-        clock_menu,
-        position_base_menu,
-        node_base_menu,
-        gps_toggle_menu,
-        gps_format_menu,
-        gps_smart_position_menu,
-        gps_update_interval_menu,
-        gps_position_broadcast_menu,
-        compass_point_north_menu,
-        reset_node_db_menu,
-        buzzermodemenupicker,
-        mui_picker,
-        tftcolormenupicker,
-        brightness_picker,
-        reboot_menu,
-        shutdown_menu,
-        NodePicker_menu,
-        Manage_Node_menu,
-        remove_favorite,
-        test_menu,
-        number_test,
-        wifi_toggle_menu,
-        bluetooth_toggle_menu,
-        screen_options_menu,
-        power_menu,
-        system_base_menu,
-        key_verification_init,
-        key_verification_final_prompt,
-        trace_route_menu,
-        throttle_message,
-        message_response_menu,
-        message_viewmode_menu,
-        reply_menu,
-        delete_messages_menu,
-        node_name_length_menu,
+        MenuNone,
+        LoraMenu,
+        LoraPicker,
+        DeviceRolePicker,
+        RadioPresetPicker,
+        FrequencySlot,
+        NoTimeoutLoraPicker,
+        TzPicker,
+        TwelveHourPicker,
+        ClockFacePicker,
+        ClockMenu,
+        PositionBaseMenu,
+        NodeBaseMenu,
+        GpsToggleMenu,
+        GpsFormatMenu,
+        GpsSmartPositionMenu,
+        GpsUpdateIntervalMenu,
+        GpsPositionBroadcastMenu,
+        CompassPointNorthMenu,
+        ResetNodeDbMenu,
+        BuzzerModeMenuPicker,
+        MuiPicker,
+        TftColorMenuPicker,
+        BrightnessPicker,
+        RebootMenu,
+        ShutdownMenu,
+        NodePickerMenu,
+        ManageNodeMenu,
+        RemoveFavorite,
+        TestMenu,
+        NumberTest,
+        WifiToggleMenu,
+        BluetoothToggleMenu,
+        ScreenOptionsMenu,
+        PowerMenu,
+        SystemBaseMenu,
+        KeyVerificationInit,
+        KeyVerificationFinalPrompt,
+        TraceRouteMenu,
+        ThrottleMessage,
+        MessageResponseMenu,
+        MessageViewModeMenu,
+        ReplyMenu,
+        DeleteMessagesMenu,
+        NodeNameLengthMenu,
         FrameToggles,
-        DisplayUnits
+        DisplayUnits,
+        MessageBubblesMenu
     };
     static screenMenus menuQueue;
     static uint32_t pickedNodeNum; // node selected by NodePicker for ManageNodeMenu
@@ -62,15 +63,15 @@ class menuHandler
     static void OnboardMessage();
     static void LoraRegionPicker(uint32_t duration = 30000);
     static void loraMenu();
-    static void DeviceRolePicker();
-    static void RadioPresetPicker();
+    static void deviceRolePicker();
+    static void radioPresetPicker();
     static void FrequencySlotPicker();
     static void handleMenuSwitch(OLEDDisplay *display);
     static void showConfirmationBanner(const char *message, std::function<void()> onConfirm);
     static void clockMenu();
     static void TZPicker();
-    static void TwelveHourPicker();
-    static void ClockFacePicker();
+    static void twelveHourPicker();
+    static void clockFacePicker();
     static void messageResponseMenu();
     static void messageViewModeMenu();
     static void replyMenu();
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ class menuHandler
     static void rebootMenu();
     static void shutdownMenu();
     static void NodePicker();
-    static void ManageNodeMenu();
+    static void manageNodeMenu();
     static void addFavoriteMenu();
     static void removeFavoriteMenu();
     static void traceRouteMenu();
@@ -106,15 +107,16 @@ class menuHandler
     static void screenOptionsMenu();
     static void powerMenu();
     static void nodeNameLengthMenu();
-    static void FrameToggles_menu();
-    static void DisplayUnits_menu();
+    static void frameTogglesMenu();
+    static void displayUnitsMenu();
+    static void messageBubblesMenu();
     static void textMessageMenu();
 
   private:
     static void saveUIConfig();
     static void keyVerificationInitMenu();
     static void keyVerificationFinalPrompt();
-    static void BluetoothToggleMenu();
+    static void bluetoothToggleMenu();
 };
 
 /* Generic Menu Options designations  */

src/graphics/draw/MessageRenderer.cpp

@@ -527,8 +527,12 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
     constexpr int BUBBLE_MIN_W = 24;
     constexpr int BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT = 2;
 
+    // Check if bubbles are enabled
+    const bool showBubbles = config.display.enable_message_bubbles;
+    const int textIndent = showBubbles ? (BUBBLE_PAD_X + BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT) : LEFT_MARGIN;
+
     // Derived widths
-    const int leftTextWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH - LEFT_MARGIN - RIGHT_MARGIN - (BUBBLE_PAD_X * 2);
+    const int leftTextWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH - LEFT_MARGIN - RIGHT_MARGIN - (showBubbles ? (BUBBLE_PAD_X * 2) : 0);
     const int rightTextWidth = SCREEN_WIDTH - LEFT_MARGIN - RIGHT_MARGIN - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH;
 
     // Title string depending on mode
@@ -796,114 +800,105 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
         }
     }
 
-    // Draw bubbles
-    for (size_t bi = 0; bi < blocks.size(); ++bi) {
-        const auto &b = blocks[bi];
-        if (b.start >= cachedLines.size() || b.end >= cachedLines.size() || b.start > b.end)
-            continue;
+    // Draw bubbles (only if enabled)
+    if (showBubbles) {
+        for (size_t bi = 0; bi < blocks.size(); ++bi) {
+            const auto &b = blocks[bi];
+            if (b.start >= cachedLines.size() || b.end >= cachedLines.size() || b.start > b.end)
+                continue;
 
-        int visualTop = lineTop[b.start];
+            int visualTop = lineTop[b.start];
 
-        int topY;
-        if (isHeader[b.start]) {
-            // Header start
-            constexpr int BUBBLE_PAD_TOP_HEADER = 1; // try 1 or 2
-            topY = visualTop - BUBBLE_PAD_TOP_HEADER;
-        } else {
-            // Body start
-            bool thisLineHasEmote = false;
-            for (int e = 0; e < numEmotes; ++e) {
-                if (cachedLines[b.start].find(emotes[e].label) != std::string::npos) {
-                    thisLineHasEmote = true;
-                    break;
+            int topY;
+            if (isHeader[b.start]) {
+                // Header start
+                constexpr int BUBBLE_PAD_TOP_HEADER = 1; // try 1 or 2
+                topY = visualTop - BUBBLE_PAD_TOP_HEADER;
+            } else {
+                // Body start
+                bool thisLineHasEmote = false;
+                for (int e = 0; e < numEmotes; ++e) {
+                    if (cachedLines[b.start].find(emotes[e].label) != std::string::npos) {
+                        thisLineHasEmote = true;
+                        break;
+                    }
                 }
+                if (thisLineHasEmote) {
+                    constexpr int EMOTE_PADDING_ABOVE = 4;
+                    visualTop -= EMOTE_PADDING_ABOVE;
+                }
+                topY = visualTop - BUBBLE_PAD_Y;
             }
-            if (thisLineHasEmote) {
-                constexpr int EMOTE_PADDING_ABOVE = 4;
-                visualTop -= EMOTE_PADDING_ABOVE;
+            int visualBottom = getDrawnLinePixelBottom(lineTop[b.end], cachedLines[b.end], isHeader[b.end]);
+            int bottomY = visualBottom + BUBBLE_PAD_Y;
+
+            if (bi + 1 < blocks.size()) {
+                int nextHeaderIndex = (int)blocks[bi + 1].start;
+                int nextTop = lineTop[nextHeaderIndex];
+                int maxBottom = nextTop - 1 - bubbleGapY;
+                if (bottomY > maxBottom)
+                    bottomY = maxBottom;
             }
-            topY = visualTop - BUBBLE_PAD_Y;
-        }
-        int visualBottom = getDrawnLinePixelBottom(lineTop[b.end], cachedLines[b.end], isHeader[b.end]);
-        int bottomY = visualBottom + BUBBLE_PAD_Y;
 
-        if (bi + 1 < blocks.size()) {
-            int nextHeaderIndex = (int)blocks[bi + 1].start;
-            int nextTop = lineTop[nextHeaderIndex];
-            int maxBottom = nextTop - 1 - bubbleGapY;
-            if (bottomY > maxBottom)
-                bottomY = maxBottom;
-        }
+            if (bottomY <= topY + 2)
+                continue;
 
-        if (bottomY <= topY + 2)
-            continue;
+            if (bottomY < contentTop || topY > contentBottom - 1)
+                continue;
 
-        if (bottomY < contentTop || topY > contentBottom - 1)
-            continue;
+            int maxLineW = 0;
 
-        int maxLineW = 0;
-
-        for (size_t i = b.start; i <= b.end; ++i) {
-            int w = 0;
-            if (isHeader[i]) {
-                w = display->getStringWidth(cachedLines[i].c_str());
-                if (b.mine)
-                    w += 12; // room for ACK/NACK/relay mark
-            } else {
-                w = getRenderedLineWidth(display, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
+            for (size_t i = b.start; i <= b.end; ++i) {
+                int w = 0;
+                if (isHeader[i]) {
+                    w = display->getStringWidth(cachedLines[i].c_str());
+                    if (b.mine)
+                        w += 12; // room for ACK/NACK/relay mark
+                } else {
+                    w = getRenderedLineWidth(display, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
+                }
+                if (w > maxLineW)
+                    maxLineW = w;
             }
-            if (w > maxLineW)
-                maxLineW = w;
-        }
-
-        int bubbleW = std::max(BUBBLE_MIN_W, maxLineW + (BUBBLE_PAD_X * 2));
-        int bubbleH = (bottomY - topY) + 1;
-        int bubbleX = 0;
-        if (b.mine) {
-            bubbleX = rightEdge - bubbleW;
-        } else {
-            bubbleX = x;
-        }
-        if (bubbleX < x)
-            bubbleX = x;
-        if (bubbleX + bubbleW > rightEdge)
-            bubbleW = std::max(1, rightEdge - bubbleX);
-
-        if (bubbleW > 1 && bubbleH > 1) {
-            int x1 = bubbleX + bubbleW - 1;
-            int y1 = topY + bubbleH - 1;
 
+            int bubbleW = std::max(BUBBLE_MIN_W, maxLineW + (textIndent * 2));
+            int bubbleH = (bottomY - topY) + 1;
+            int bubbleX = 0;
             if (b.mine) {
-                // Send Message (Right side)
-                display->drawRect(x1 + 2 - bubbleW, y1 - bubbleH, bubbleW, bubbleH);
-                // Top Right Corner
-                display->drawRect(x1, topY, 2, 1);
-                display->drawRect(x1, topY, 1, 2);
-                // Bottom Right Corner
-                display->drawRect(x1 - 1, bottomY - 2, 2, 1);
-                display->drawRect(x1, bottomY - 3, 1, 2);
-                // Knock the corners off to make a bubble
-                display->setColor(BLACK);
-                display->drawRect(x1 - bubbleW, topY - 1, 1, 1);
-                display->drawRect(x1 - bubbleW, bottomY - 1, 1, 1);
-                display->setColor(WHITE);
+                bubbleX = rightEdge - bubbleW;
             } else {
-                // Received Message (Left Side)
-                display->drawRect(bubbleX, topY, bubbleW + 1, bubbleH);
-                // Top Left Corner
-                display->drawRect(bubbleX + 1, topY + 1, 2, 1);
-                display->drawRect(bubbleX + 1, topY + 1, 1, 2);
-                // Bottom Left Corner
-                display->drawRect(bubbleX + 1, bottomY - 1, 2, 1);
-                display->drawRect(bubbleX + 1, bottomY - 2, 1, 2);
-                // Knock the corners off to make a bubble
-                display->setColor(BLACK);
-                display->drawRect(bubbleX + bubbleW, topY, 1, 1);
-                display->drawRect(bubbleX + bubbleW, bottomY, 1, 1);
-                display->setColor(WHITE);
+                bubbleX = x;
+            }
+            if (bubbleX < x)
+                bubbleX = x;
+            if (bubbleX + bubbleW > rightEdge)
+                bubbleW = std::max(1, rightEdge - bubbleX);
+
+            // Draw rounded rectangle bubble
+            if (bubbleW > BUBBLE_RADIUS * 2 && bubbleH > BUBBLE_RADIUS * 2) {
+                const int r = BUBBLE_RADIUS;
+                const int bx = bubbleX;
+                const int by = topY;
+                const int bw = bubbleW;
+                const int bh = bubbleH;
+
+                // Draw the 4 corner arcs using drawCircleQuads
+                display->drawCircleQuads(bx + r, by + r, r, 0x2);                   // Top-left
+                display->drawCircleQuads(bx + bw - r - 1, by + r, r, 0x1);          // Top-right
+                display->drawCircleQuads(bx + r, by + bh - r - 1, r, 0x4);          // Bottom-left
+                display->drawCircleQuads(bx + bw - r - 1, by + bh - r - 1, r, 0x8); // Bottom-right
+
+                // Draw the 4 edges between corners
+                display->drawHorizontalLine(bx + r, by, bw - 2 * r);          // Top edge
+                display->drawHorizontalLine(bx + r, by + bh - 1, bw - 2 * r); // Bottom edge
+                display->drawVerticalLine(bx, by + r, bh - 2 * r);            // Left edge
+                display->drawVerticalLine(bx + bw - 1, by + r, bh - 2 * r);   // Right edge
+            } else if (bubbleW > 1 && bubbleH > 1) {
+                // Fallback to simple rectangle for very small bubbles
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX, topY, bubbleW, bubbleH);
             }
         }
-    }
+    } // end if (showBubbles)
 
     // Render visible lines
     int lineY = yOffset;
@@ -916,11 +911,11 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
                 int headerX;
                 if (isMine[i]) {
                     // push header left to avoid overlap with scrollbar
-                    headerX = (SCREEN_WIDTH - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN) - w - BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT;
+                    headerX = (SCREEN_WIDTH - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN) - w - (showBubbles ? textIndent : 0);
                     if (headerX < LEFT_MARGIN)
                         headerX = LEFT_MARGIN;
                 } else {
-                    headerX = x + BUBBLE_PAD_X + BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT;
+                    headerX = x + textIndent;
                 }
                 display->drawString(headerX, lineY, cachedLines[i].c_str());
 
@@ -960,14 +955,13 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
                 if (isMine[i]) {
                     // Calculate actual rendered width including emotes
                     int renderedWidth = getRenderedLineWidth(display, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
-                    int rightX = (SCREEN_WIDTH - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN) - renderedWidth - BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT;
+                    int rightX = (SCREEN_WIDTH - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN) - renderedWidth - (showBubbles ? textIndent : 0);
                     if (rightX < LEFT_MARGIN)
                         rightX = LEFT_MARGIN;
 
                     drawStringWithEmotes(display, rightX, lineY, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
                 } else {
-                    drawStringWithEmotes(display, x + BUBBLE_PAD_X + BUBBLE_TEXT_INDENT, lineY, cachedLines[i], emotes,
-                                         numEmotes);
+                    drawStringWithEmotes(display, x + textIndent, lineY, cachedLines[i], emotes, numEmotes);
                 }
             }
         }

src/graphics/draw/NodeListRenderer.cpp

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ unsigned long getModeCycleIntervalMs()
 
 int calculateMaxScroll(int totalEntries, int visibleRows)
 {
-    return std::max(0, (totalEntries - 1) / (visibleRows * 2));
+    return max(0, (totalEntries - 1) / (visibleRows * 2));
 }
 
 void drawColumnSeparator(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t yStart, int16_t yEnd)
@@ -187,13 +187,12 @@ void drawScrollbar(OLEDDisplay *display, int visibleNodeRows, int totalEntries,
     if (totalEntries <= visibleNodeRows * columns)
         return;
 
-    int scrollbarX = display->getWidth() - 2;
     int scrollbarHeight = display->getHeight() - scrollStartY - 10;
-    int thumbHeight = std::max(4, (scrollbarHeight * visibleNodeRows * columns) / totalEntries);
-    int perPage = visibleNodeRows * columns;
-    int maxScroll = std::max(0, (totalEntries - 1) / perPage);
-    int thumbY = scrollStartY + (scrollIndex * (scrollbarHeight - thumbHeight)) / std::max(1, maxScroll);
+    int thumbHeight = max(4, (scrollbarHeight * visibleNodeRows * columns) / totalEntries);
+    int thumbY = scrollStartY + (scrollIndex * (scrollbarHeight - thumbHeight)) /
+                                    max(1, max(0, (totalEntries - 1) / (visibleNodeRows * columns)));
 
+    int scrollbarX = display->getWidth() - 2;
     for (int i = 0; i < thumbHeight; i++) {
         display->setPixel(scrollbarX, thumbY + i);
     }
@@ -556,13 +555,13 @@ void drawNodeListScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t
 
     int maxScroll = 0;
     if (perPage > 0) {
-        maxScroll = std::max(0, (totalEntries - 1) / perPage);
+        maxScroll = max(0, (totalEntries - 1) / perPage);
     }
 
     if (scrollIndex > maxScroll)
         scrollIndex = maxScroll;
     int startIndex = scrollIndex * visibleNodeRows * totalColumns;
-    int endIndex = std::min(startIndex + visibleNodeRows * totalColumns, totalEntries);
+    int endIndex = min(startIndex + visibleNodeRows * totalColumns, totalEntries);
     int yOffset = 0;
     int col = 0;
     int lastNodeY = y;
@@ -580,7 +579,7 @@ void drawNodeListScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t
         if (extras)
             extras(display, node, xPos, yPos, columnWidth, heading, lat, lon);
 
-        lastNodeY = std::max(lastNodeY, yPos + FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL);
+        lastNodeY = max(lastNodeY, yPos + FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL);
         yOffset += rowYOffset;
         shownCount++;
         rowCount++;
@@ -613,13 +612,11 @@ void drawNodeListScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t
     if (millis() - popupTime < POPUP_DURATION_MS) {
         popupTotal = totalEntries;
 
-        int perPage = visibleNodeRows * totalColumns;
-
         popupStart = startIndex + 1;
-        popupEnd = std::min(startIndex + perPage, totalEntries);
+        popupEnd = min(startIndex + perPage, totalEntries);
 
         popupPage = (scrollIndex + 1);
-        popupMaxPage = std::max(1, (totalEntries + perPage - 1) / perPage);
+        popupMaxPage = max(1, (totalEntries + perPage - 1) / perPage);
 
         char buf[32];
         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d-%d/%d  Pg %d/%d", popupStart, popupEnd, popupTotal, popupPage, popupMaxPage);

src/graphics/draw/UIRenderer.cpp

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #if HAS_SCREEN
 #include "CompassRenderer.h"
 #include "GPSStatus.h"
+#include "MeshService.h"
 #include "NodeDB.h"
 #include "NodeListRenderer.h"
 #include "UIRenderer.h"
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "graphics/TimeFormatters.h"
 #include "graphics/images.h"
 #include "main.h"
+#include "modules/CannedMessageModule.h"
 #include "target_specific.h"
 #include <OLEDDisplay.h>
 #include <RTC.h>
@@ -287,7 +289,8 @@ void UIRenderer::drawNodes(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const mes
 // **********************
 // * Favorite Node Info *
 // **********************
-void UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, const OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y)
+// cppcheck-suppress constParameterPointer; signature must match FrameCallback typedef from OLEDDisplayUi library
+void UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y)
 {
     if (favoritedNodes.empty())
         return;
@@ -313,7 +316,7 @@ void UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, const OLEDDisplayUiState *st
     // === Create the shortName and title string ===
     const char *shortName = (node->has_user && haveGlyphs(node->user.short_name)) ? node->user.short_name : "Node";
     char titlestr[32] = {0};
-    snprintf(titlestr, sizeof(titlestr), "Fav: %s", shortName);
+    snprintf(titlestr, sizeof(titlestr), "*%s*", shortName);
 
     // === Draw battery/time/mail header (common across screens) ===
     graphics::drawCommonHeader(display, x, y, titlestr);
@@ -342,34 +345,162 @@ void UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, const OLEDDisplayUiState *st
     }
 
     // === 2. Signal and Hops (combined on one line, if available) ===
-    // If both are present: "Sig: 97%  [2hops]"
-    // If only one: show only that one
     char signalHopsStr[32] = "";
     bool haveSignal = false;
-    int percentSignal = clamp((int)((node->snr + 10) * 5), 0, 100);
+    int bars = 0;
 
-    // Always use "Sig" for the label
-    const char *signalLabel = " Sig";
+    // Helper to get SNR limit based on modem preset
+    auto getSnrLimit = [](meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset preset) -> float {
+        switch (preset) {
+        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_SLOW:
+        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_MODERATE:
+        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST:
+            return -6.0f;
+        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_SLOW:
+        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_FAST:
+            return -5.5f;
+        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_SLOW:
+        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_FAST:
+        case meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_TURBO:
+            return -4.5f;
+        default:
+            return -6.0f;
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Calculate signal grade using modem preset and SNR only
+    float snrLimit = getSnrLimit(config.lora.modem_preset);
+    float snr = node->snr;
+
+    // Determine signal quality label and bars using SNR-only grading
+    const char *qualityLabel = nullptr;
+
+    if (snr > snrLimit + 10) {
+        qualityLabel = "Good";
+        bars = 4;
+    } else if (snr > snrLimit + 6) {
+        qualityLabel = "Good";
+        bars = 3;
+    } else if (snr > snrLimit + 2) {
+        qualityLabel = "Good";
+        bars = 2;
+    } else if (snr > snrLimit - 4) {
+        qualityLabel = "Fair";
+        bars = 1;
+    } else {
+        qualityLabel = "Bad";
+        bars = 1;
+    }
+
+    // Add extra spacing on the left if we have an API connection to account for the common footer icons
+    const char *leftSideSpacing =
+        graphics::isAPIConnected(service->api_state) ? (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High ? "     " : "   ") : " ";
 
     // --- Build the Signal/Hops line ---
-    // If SNR looks reasonable, show signal
-    if ((int)((node->snr + 10) * 5) >= 0 && node->snr > -100) {
-        snprintf(signalHopsStr, sizeof(signalHopsStr), "%s: %d%%", signalLabel, percentSignal);
+    // Only show signal if we have valid SNR
+    if (snr > -100 && snr != 0) {
+        snprintf(signalHopsStr, sizeof(signalHopsStr), "%sSig:%s", leftSideSpacing, qualityLabel);
         haveSignal = true;
     }
-    // If hops is valid (>0), show right after signal
+
     if (node->hops_away > 0) {
         size_t len = strlen(signalHopsStr);
-        // Decide between "1 Hop" and "N Hops"
         if (haveSignal) {
-            snprintf(signalHopsStr + len, sizeof(signalHopsStr) - len, " [%d %s]", node->hops_away,
-                     (node->hops_away == 1 ? "Hop" : "Hops"));
+            snprintf(signalHopsStr + len, sizeof(signalHopsStr) - len, " [#]");
         } else {
-            snprintf(signalHopsStr, sizeof(signalHopsStr), "[%d %s]", node->hops_away, (node->hops_away == 1 ? "Hop" : "Hops"));
+            snprintf(signalHopsStr, sizeof(signalHopsStr), "[#]");
         }
     }
-    if (signalHopsStr[0] && line < 5) {
-        display->drawString(x, getTextPositions(display)[line++], signalHopsStr);
+
+    if (signalHopsStr[0]) {
+        int yPos = getTextPositions(display)[line++];
+        int curX = x;
+
+        // Split combined string into signal text and hop suffix
+        char sigPart[20] = "";
+        const char *hopPart = nullptr;
+
+        char *bracket = strchr(signalHopsStr, '[');
+        if (bracket) {
+            size_t n = (size_t)(bracket - signalHopsStr);
+            if (n >= sizeof(sigPart))
+                n = sizeof(sigPart) - 1;
+            memcpy(sigPart, signalHopsStr, n);
+            sigPart[n] = '\0';
+
+            // Trim trailing spaces
+            while (strlen(sigPart) && sigPart[strlen(sigPart) - 1] == ' ') {
+                sigPart[strlen(sigPart) - 1] = '\0';
+            }
+
+            hopPart = bracket; // "[n Hop(s)]"
+        } else {
+            strncpy(sigPart, signalHopsStr, sizeof(sigPart) - 1);
+            sigPart[sizeof(sigPart) - 1] = '\0';
+        }
+
+        // Draw signal quality text
+        display->drawString(curX, yPos, sigPart);
+        curX += display->getStringWidth(sigPart) + 4;
+
+        // Draw signal bars (skip on UltraLow, text only)
+        if (currentResolution != ScreenResolution::UltraLow && haveSignal && bars > 0) {
+            const int kMaxBars = 4;
+            if (bars < 1)
+                bars = 1;
+            if (bars > kMaxBars)
+                bars = kMaxBars;
+
+            int barX = curX;
+
+            const bool hi = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High);
+            int barWidth = hi ? 2 : 1;
+            int barGap = hi ? 2 : 1;
+            int maxBarHeight = FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 7;
+            if (!hi)
+                maxBarHeight -= 1;
+            int barY = yPos + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - maxBarHeight) / 2;
+
+            for (int bi = 0; bi < kMaxBars; bi++) {
+                int barHeight = maxBarHeight * (bi + 1) / kMaxBars;
+                if (barHeight < 2)
+                    barHeight = 2;
+
+                int bx = barX + bi * (barWidth + barGap);
+                int by = barY + maxBarHeight - barHeight;
+
+                if (bi < bars) {
+                    display->fillRect(bx, by, barWidth, barHeight);
+                } else {
+                    int baseY = barY + maxBarHeight - 1;
+                    display->drawHorizontalLine(bx, baseY, barWidth);
+                }
+            }
+
+            curX += (kMaxBars * barWidth) + ((kMaxBars - 1) * barGap) + 2;
+        }
+
+        // Draw hops AFTER the bars as: [ number + hop icon ]
+        if (hopPart && node->hops_away > 0) {
+
+            // open bracket
+            display->drawString(curX, yPos, "[");
+            curX += display->getStringWidth("[") + 1;
+
+            // hop count
+            char hopCount[6];
+            snprintf(hopCount, sizeof(hopCount), "%d", node->hops_away);
+            display->drawString(curX, yPos, hopCount);
+            curX += display->getStringWidth(hopCount) + 2;
+
+            // hop icon
+            const int iconY = yPos + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - hop_height) / 2;
+            display->drawXbm(curX, iconY, hop_width, hop_height, hop);
+            curX += hop_width + 1;
+
+            // closing bracket
+            display->drawString(curX, yPos, "]");
+        }
     }
 
     // === 3. Heard (last seen, skip if node never seen) ===
@@ -377,8 +508,8 @@ void UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, const OLEDDisplayUiState *st
     uint32_t seconds = sinceLastSeen(node);
     if (seconds != 0 && seconds != UINT32_MAX) {
         uint32_t minutes = seconds / 60, hours = minutes / 60, days = hours / 24;
-        // Format as "Heard: Xm ago", "Heard: Xh ago", or "Heard: Xd ago"
-        snprintf(seenStr, sizeof(seenStr), (days > 365 ? " Heard: ?" : " Heard: %d%c ago"),
+        // Format as "Heard:Xm ago", "Heard:Xh ago", or "Heard:Xd ago"
+        snprintf(seenStr, sizeof(seenStr), (days > 365 ? " Heard:?" : "%sHeard:%d%c ago"), leftSideSpacing,
                  (days    ? days
                   : hours ? hours
                           : minutes),
@@ -386,16 +517,18 @@ void UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, const OLEDDisplayUiState *st
                   : hours ? 'h'
                           : 'm'));
     }
-    if (seenStr[0] && line < 5) {
+    if (seenStr[0]) {
         display->drawString(x, getTextPositions(display)[line++], seenStr);
     }
 #if !defined(M5STACK_UNITC6L)
     // === 4. Uptime (only show if metric is present) ===
     char uptimeStr[32] = "";
     if (node->has_device_metrics && node->device_metrics.has_uptime_seconds) {
-        getUptimeStr(node->device_metrics.uptime_seconds * 1000, " Up", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr));
+        char upPrefix[12]; // enough for leftSideSpacing + "Up:"
+        snprintf(upPrefix, sizeof(upPrefix), "%sUp:", leftSideSpacing);
+        getUptimeStr(node->device_metrics.uptime_seconds * 1000, upPrefix, uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr));
     }
-    if (uptimeStr[0] && line < 5) {
+    if (uptimeStr[0]) {
         display->drawString(x, getTextPositions(display)[line++], uptimeStr);
     }
 
@@ -422,16 +555,16 @@ void UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, const OLEDDisplayUiState *st
             if (miles < 0.1) {
                 int feet = (int)(miles * 5280);
                 if (feet > 0 && feet < 1000) {
-                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), " Distance: %dft", feet);
+                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), "%sDistance:%dft", leftSideSpacing, feet);
                     haveDistance = true;
                 } else if (feet >= 1000) {
-                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), " Distance: ¼mi");
+                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), "%sDistance:¼mi", leftSideSpacing);
                     haveDistance = true;
                 }
             } else {
                 int roundedMiles = (int)(miles + 0.5);
                 if (roundedMiles > 0 && roundedMiles < 1000) {
-                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), " Distance: %dmi", roundedMiles);
+                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), "%sDistance:%dmi", leftSideSpacing, roundedMiles);
                     haveDistance = true;
                 }
             }
@@ -439,26 +572,74 @@ void UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, const OLEDDisplayUiState *st
             if (distanceKm < 1.0) {
                 int meters = (int)(distanceKm * 1000);
                 if (meters > 0 && meters < 1000) {
-                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), " Distance: %dm", meters);
+                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), "%sDistance:%dm", leftSideSpacing, meters);
                     haveDistance = true;
                 } else if (meters >= 1000) {
-                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), " Distance: 1km");
+                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), "%sDistance:1km", leftSideSpacing);
                     haveDistance = true;
                 }
             } else {
                 int km = (int)(distanceKm + 0.5);
                 if (km > 0 && km < 1000) {
-                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), " Distance: %dkm", km);
+                    snprintf(distStr, sizeof(distStr), "%sDistance:%dkm", leftSideSpacing, km);
                     haveDistance = true;
                 }
             }
         }
     }
-    // Only display if we actually have a value!
-    if (haveDistance && distStr[0] && line < 5) {
+    if (haveDistance && distStr[0]) {
         display->drawString(x, getTextPositions(display)[line++], distStr);
     }
 
+    // === 6. Battery after Distance line, otherwise next available line ===
+    char batLine[32] = "";
+    bool haveBatLine = false;
+
+    if (node->has_device_metrics) {
+        bool hasPct = node->device_metrics.has_battery_level;
+        bool hasVolt = node->device_metrics.has_voltage && node->device_metrics.voltage > 0.001f;
+
+        int pct = 0;
+        float volt = 0.0f;
+
+        if (hasPct) {
+            pct = (int)node->device_metrics.battery_level;
+        }
+
+        if (hasVolt) {
+            volt = node->device_metrics.voltage;
+        }
+
+        if (hasPct && pct > 0 && pct <= 100) {
+            // Normal battery percentage
+            if (hasVolt) {
+                snprintf(batLine, sizeof(batLine), "%sBat:%d%% (%.2fV)", leftSideSpacing, pct, volt);
+            } else {
+                snprintf(batLine, sizeof(batLine), "%sBat:%d%%", leftSideSpacing, pct);
+            }
+            haveBatLine = true;
+        } else if (hasPct && pct > 100) {
+            // Plugged in
+            if (hasVolt) {
+                snprintf(batLine, sizeof(batLine), "%sPlugged In (%.2fV)", leftSideSpacing, volt);
+            } else {
+                snprintf(batLine, sizeof(batLine), "%sPlugged In", leftSideSpacing);
+            }
+            haveBatLine = true;
+        } else if (!hasPct && hasVolt) {
+            // Voltage only
+            snprintf(batLine, sizeof(batLine), "%sBat:%.2fV", leftSideSpacing, volt);
+            haveBatLine = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    const int maxTextLines = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? 6 : 5;
+
+    // Only draw battery if it fits within the allowed lines
+    if (haveBatLine && line <= maxTextLines) {
+        display->drawString(x, getTextPositions(display)[line++], batLine);
+    }
+
     // --- Compass Rendering: landscape (wide) screens use the original side-aligned logic ---
     if (SCREEN_WIDTH > SCREEN_HEIGHT) {
         bool showCompass = false;
@@ -593,7 +774,7 @@ void UIRenderer::drawDeviceFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *sta
     }
     char uptimeStr[32] = "";
     if (currentResolution != ScreenResolution::UltraLow) {
-        getUptimeStr(millis(), "Up", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr));
+        getUptimeStr(millis(), "Up: ", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr));
     }
     display->drawString(SCREEN_WIDTH - display->getStringWidth(uptimeStr), getTextPositions(display)[line++], uptimeStr);
 
@@ -984,7 +1165,6 @@ void UIRenderer::drawCompassAndLocationScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayU
     config.display.heading_bold = false;
 
     const char *displayLine = ""; // Initialize to empty string by default
-    meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *ourNode = nodeDB->getMeshNode(nodeDB->getNodeNum());
 
     if (config.position.gps_mode != meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_GpsMode_ENABLED) {
         if (config.position.fixed_position) {
@@ -1029,10 +1209,10 @@ void UIRenderer::drawCompassAndLocationScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayU
             char uptimeStr[32];
 #if defined(USE_EINK)
             // E-Ink: skip seconds, show only days/hours/mins
-            getUptimeStr(delta, "Last", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr), false);
+            getUptimeStr(delta, "Last: ", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr), false);
 #else
             // Non E-Ink: include seconds where useful
-            getUptimeStr(delta, "Last", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr), true);
+            getUptimeStr(delta, "Last: ", uptimeStr, sizeof(uptimeStr), true);
 #endif
 
             display->drawString(0, getTextPositions(display)[line++], uptimeStr);
@@ -1210,6 +1390,7 @@ static int8_t lastFrameIndex = -1;
 static uint32_t lastFrameChangeTime = 0;
 constexpr uint32_t ICON_DISPLAY_DURATION_MS = 2000;
 
+// cppcheck-suppress constParameterPointer; signature must match OverlayCallback typedef from OLEDDisplayUi library
 void UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state)
 {
     int currentFrame = state->currentFrame;
@@ -1242,6 +1423,11 @@ void UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *sta
     const int totalWidth = (pageEnd - pageStart) * iconSize + (pageEnd - pageStart - 1) * spacing;
     const int xStart = (SCREEN_WIDTH - totalWidth) / 2;
 
+    // Suppress nav overlay entirely
+    if (cannedMessageModule && cannedMessageModule->isFreeTextUIActive()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     bool navBarVisible = millis() - lastFrameChangeTime <= ICON_DISPLAY_DURATION_MS;
     int y = navBarVisible ? (SCREEN_HEIGHT - iconSize - 1) : SCREEN_HEIGHT;
 

src/graphics/draw/UIRenderer.h

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class UIRenderer
     // Navigation bar overlay
     static void drawNavigationBar(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state);
 
-    static void drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, const OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);
+    static void drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);
 
     static void drawDeviceFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);
 

src/graphics/images.h

@@ -83,6 +83,12 @@ static const unsigned char mail[] PROGMEM = {
     0b11111111, 0b00  // Bottom line
 };
 
+// Hop icon (9x10)
+#define hop_width 9
+#define hop_height 10
+const uint8_t hop[] PROGMEM = {0x05, 0x00, 0x07, 0x00, 0x05, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x28, 0x00,
+                               0x38, 0x00, 0xC0, 0x01, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x01, 0x40, 0x00};
+
 // 📬 Mail / Message
 const uint8_t icon_mail[] PROGMEM = {
     0b11111111, // ████████ top border

src/graphics/niche/Drivers/Backlight/LatchingBacklight.cpp

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ int LatchingBacklight::beforeDeepSleep(void *unused)
 {
     // Contingency only
     // - pin wasn't set
-    if (pin != (uint8_t)-1) {
+    if (pin != static_cast<uint8_t>(-1)) {
         off();
         pinMode(pin, INPUT); // High impedance - unnecessary?
     } else
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ int LatchingBacklight::beforeDeepSleep(void *unused)
 // The effect on the backlight is the same; peek and latch are separated to simplify short vs long press button handling
 void LatchingBacklight::peek()
 {
-    assert(pin != (uint8_t)-1);
+    assert(pin != static_cast<uint8_t>(-1));
     digitalWrite(pin, logicActive); // On
     on = true;
     latched = false;
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ void LatchingBacklight::peek()
 // The effect on the backlight is the same; peek and latch are separated to simplify short vs long press button handling
 void LatchingBacklight::latch()
 {
-    assert(pin != (uint8_t)-1);
+    assert(pin != static_cast<uint8_t>(-1));
 
     // Blink if moving from peek to latch
     // Indicates to user that the transition has taken place
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ void LatchingBacklight::latch()
 // Suitable for ending both peek and latch
 void LatchingBacklight::off()
 {
-    assert(pin != (uint8_t)-1);
+    assert(pin != static_cast<uint8_t>(-1));
     digitalWrite(pin, !logicActive); // Off
     on = false;
     latched = false;

src/graphics/niche/Drivers/Backlight/LatchingBacklight.h

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class LatchingBacklight
     CallbackObserver<LatchingBacklight, void *> deepSleepObserver =
         CallbackObserver<LatchingBacklight, void *>(this, &LatchingBacklight::beforeDeepSleep);
 
-    uint8_t pin = (uint8_t)-1;
+    uint8_t pin = static_cast<uint8_t>(-1);
     bool logicActive = HIGH; // Is light active HIGH or active LOW
 
     bool on = false;      // Is light on (either peek or latched)

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applet.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/Tile.h"
+#include <cstdint>
 #ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
 
 #include "./Applet.h"
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color)
 {
     // Only render pixels if they fall within user's cropped region
     if (x >= cropLeft && x < (cropLeft + cropWidth) && y >= cropTop && y < (cropTop + cropHeight))
-        assignedTile->handleAppletPixel(x, y, (Color)color);
+        assignedTile->handleAppletPixel(x, y, static_cast<Color>(color));
 }
 
 // Link our applet to a tile
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ InkHUD::Tile *InkHUD::Applet::getTile()
 }
 
 // Draw the applet
-void InkHUD::Applet::render()
+void InkHUD::Applet::render(bool full)
 {
     assert(assignedTile);                              // Ensure that we have a tile
     assert(assignedTile->getAssignedApplet() == this); // Ensure that we have a reciprocal link with the tile
@@ -65,10 +67,11 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::render()
     wantRender = false;                                       // Flag set by requestUpdate
     wantAutoshow = false;                                     // Flag set by requestAutoShow. May or may not have been honored.
     wantUpdateType = Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED; // Update type we wanted. May on may not have been granted.
+    wantFullRender = true;                                    // Default to a full render
 
     updateDimensions();
     resetDrawingSpace();
-    onRender(); // Derived applet's drawing takes place here
+    onRender(full); // Draw the applet
 
     // Handle "Tile Highlighting"
     // Some devices may use an auxiliary button to switch between tiles
@@ -115,6 +118,11 @@ Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes InkHUD::Applet::wantsUpdateType()
     return wantUpdateType;
 }
 
+bool InkHUD::Applet::wantsFullRender()
+{
+    return wantFullRender;
+}
+
 // Get size of the applet's drawing space from its tile
 // Performed immediately before derived applet's drawing code runs
 void InkHUD::Applet::updateDimensions()
@@ -136,16 +144,32 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::resetDrawingSpace()
     setFont(fontSmall);
 }
 
+// Sets one or more inputs to enabled/disabled for this applet and if they should be sent to it
+void InkHUD::Applet::setInputsSubscribed(uint8_t input, bool captured)
+{
+    if (captured)
+        subscribedInputs |= input;
+    else
+        subscribedInputs &= ~input;
+}
+
+// Checks if a specific input is enabled for this applet and should be sent to it
+bool InkHUD::Applet::isInputSubscribed(InputMask input)
+{
+    return (subscribedInputs & input) == input;
+}
+
 // Tell InkHUD::Renderer that we want to render now
 // Applets should internally listen for events they are interested in, via MeshModule, CallbackObserver etc
 // When an applet decides it has heard something important, and wants to redraw, it calls this method
 // Once the renderer has given other applets a chance to process whatever event we just detected,
 // it will run Applet::render(), which may draw our applet to screen, if it is shown (foreground)
 // We should requestUpdate even if our applet is currently background, because this might be changed by autoshow
-void InkHUD::Applet::requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type)
+void InkHUD::Applet::requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes type, bool full)
 {
     wantRender = true;
     wantUpdateType = type;
+    wantFullRender = full;
     inkhud->requestUpdate();
 }
 
@@ -303,7 +327,7 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::printAt(int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *text, HorizontalA
 }
 
 // Print text, specifying the position of any edge / corner of the textbox
-void InkHUD::Applet::printAt(int16_t x, int16_t y, std::string text, HorizontalAlignment ha, VerticalAlignment va)
+void InkHUD::Applet::printAt(int16_t x, int16_t y, const std::string &text, HorizontalAlignment ha, VerticalAlignment va)
 {
     printAt(x, y, text.c_str(), ha, va);
 }
@@ -325,7 +349,7 @@ InkHUD::AppletFont InkHUD::Applet::getFont()
 
 // Parse any text which might have "special characters"
 // Re-encodes UTF-8 characters to match our 8-bit encoded fonts
-std::string InkHUD::Applet::parse(std::string text)
+std::string InkHUD::Applet::parse(const std::string &text)
 {
     return getFont().decodeUTF8(text);
 }
@@ -352,10 +376,10 @@ std::string InkHUD::Applet::parseShortName(meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node)
 }
 
 // Determine if all characters of a string are printable using the current font
-bool InkHUD::Applet::isPrintable(std::string text)
+bool InkHUD::Applet::isPrintable(const std::string &text)
 {
     // Scan for SUB (0x1A), which is the value assigned by AppletFont::applyEncoding if a unicode character is not handled
-    for (char &c : text) {
+    for (const char &c : text) {
         if (c == '\x1A')
             return false;
     }
@@ -378,7 +402,7 @@ uint16_t InkHUD::Applet::getTextWidth(const char *text)
 
 // Gets rendered width of a string
 // Wrapper for getTextBounds
-uint16_t InkHUD::Applet::getTextWidth(std::string text)
+uint16_t InkHUD::Applet::getTextWidth(const std::string &text)
 {
     return getTextWidth(text.c_str());
 }
@@ -426,7 +450,7 @@ std::string InkHUD::Applet::hexifyNodeNum(NodeNum num)
 
 // Print text, with word wrapping
 // Avoids splitting words in half, instead moving the entire word to a new line wherever possible
-void InkHUD::Applet::printWrapped(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width, std::string text)
+void InkHUD::Applet::printWrapped(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width, const std::string &text)
 {
     // Place the AdafruitGFX cursor to suit our "top" coord
     setCursor(left, top + getFont().heightAboveCursor());
@@ -483,15 +507,15 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::printWrapped(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width, std
 
                 // Todo: rewrite making use of AdafruitGFX native text wrapping
                 char cstr[] = {0, 0};
-                int16_t l, t;
-                uint16_t w, h;
+                int16_t bx, by;
+                uint16_t bw, bh;
                 for (uint16_t c = 0; c < word.length(); c++) {
                     // Shove next char into a c string
                     cstr[0] = word[c];
-                    getTextBounds(cstr, getCursorX(), getCursorY(), &l, &t, &w, &h);
+                    getTextBounds(cstr, getCursorX(), getCursorY(), &bx, &by, &bw, &bh);
 
                     // Manual newline, if next character will spill beyond screen edge
-                    if ((l + w) > left + width)
+                    if ((bx + bw) > left + width)
                         setCursor(left, getCursorY() + getFont().lineHeight());
 
                     // Print next character
@@ -510,7 +534,7 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::printWrapped(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width, std
 
 // Simulate running printWrapped, to determine how tall the block of text will be.
 // This is a wasteful way of handling things. Maybe some way to optimize in future?
-uint32_t InkHUD::Applet::getWrappedTextHeight(int16_t left, uint16_t width, std::string text)
+uint32_t InkHUD::Applet::getWrappedTextHeight(int16_t left, uint16_t width, const std::string &text)
 {
     // Cache the current crop region
     int16_t cL = cropLeft;
@@ -640,7 +664,7 @@ uint16_t InkHUD::Applet::getActiveNodeCount()
 
     // For each node in db
     for (uint16_t i = 0; i < nodeDB->getNumMeshNodes(); i++) {
-        meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node = nodeDB->getMeshNodeByIndex(i);
+        const meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node = nodeDB->getMeshNodeByIndex(i);
 
         // Check if heard recently, and not our own node
         if (sinceLastSeen(node) < settings->recentlyActiveSeconds && node->num != nodeDB->getNodeNum())
@@ -693,7 +717,7 @@ std::string InkHUD::Applet::localizeDistance(uint32_t meters)
 }
 
 // Print text with a "faux bold" effect, by drawing it multiple times, offsetting slightly
-void InkHUD::Applet::printThick(int16_t xCenter, int16_t yCenter, std::string text, uint8_t thicknessX, uint8_t thicknessY)
+void InkHUD::Applet::printThick(int16_t xCenter, int16_t yCenter, const std::string &text, uint8_t thicknessX, uint8_t thicknessY)
 {
     // How many times to draw along x axis
     int16_t xStart;
@@ -761,7 +785,7 @@ bool InkHUD::Applet::approveNotification(NicheGraphics::InkHUD::Notification &n)
 │                               │
 └───────────────────────────────┘
 */
-void InkHUD::Applet::drawHeader(std::string text)
+void InkHUD::Applet::drawHeader(const std::string &text)
 {
     // Y position for divider
     // - between header text and messages
@@ -778,6 +802,16 @@ void InkHUD::Applet::drawHeader(std::string text)
         drawPixel(x, 0, BLACK);
         drawPixel(x, headerDivY, BLACK); // Dotted 50%
     }
+
+    // Dither near battery
+    if (settings->optionalFeatures.batteryIcon) {
+        constexpr uint16_t ditherSizePx = 4;
+        Tile *batteryTile = ((Applet *)inkhud->getSystemApplet("BatteryIcon"))->getTile();
+        const uint16_t batteryTileLeft = batteryTile->getLeft();
+        const uint16_t batteryTileTop = batteryTile->getTop();
+        const uint16_t batteryTileHeight = batteryTile->getHeight();
+        hatchRegion(batteryTileLeft - ditherSizePx, batteryTileTop, ditherSizePx, batteryTileHeight, 2, WHITE);
+    }
 }
 
 // Get the height of the standard applet header

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applet.h

@@ -64,10 +64,11 @@ class Applet : public GFX
 
     // Rendering
 
-    void render();                                // Draw the applet
+    void render(bool full);                       // Draw the applet
     bool wantsToRender();                         // Check whether applet wants to render
     bool wantsToAutoshow();                       // Check whether applet wants to become foreground
     Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes wantsUpdateType(); // Check which display update type the applet would prefer
+    bool wantsFullRender();                       // Check whether applet wants to render over its previous render
     void updateDimensions();                      // Get current size from tile
     void resetDrawingSpace();                     // Makes sure every render starts with same parameters
 
@@ -82,12 +83,15 @@ class Applet : public GFX
 
     // Event handlers
 
-    virtual void onRender() = 0; // All drawing happens here
+    virtual void onRender(bool full) = 0; // For drawing the applet
     virtual void onActivate() {}
     virtual void onDeactivate() {}
     virtual void onForeground() {}
     virtual void onBackground() {}
     virtual void onShutdown() {}
+
+    // Input Events
+
     virtual void onButtonShortPress() {}
     virtual void onButtonLongPress() {}
     virtual void onExitShort() {}
@@ -96,6 +100,21 @@ class Applet : public GFX
     virtual void onNavDown() {}
     virtual void onNavLeft() {}
     virtual void onNavRight() {}
+    virtual void onFreeText(char c) {}
+    virtual void onFreeTextDone() {}
+    virtual void onFreeTextCancel() {}
+    // List of inputs which can be subscribed to
+    enum InputMask {      // | No Joystick  |     With Joystick     |
+        BUTTON_SHORT = 1, // | Button Click | Joystick Center Click |
+        BUTTON_LONG = 2,  // | Button Hold  | Joystick Center Hold  |
+        EXIT_SHORT = 4,   // | no-op        | Back Button Click     |
+        EXIT_LONG = 8,    // | no-op        | Back Button Hold      |
+        NAV_UP = 16,      // | no-op        | Joystick Up           |
+        NAV_DOWN = 32,    // | no-op        | Joystick Down         |
+        NAV_LEFT = 64,    // | no-op        | Joystick Left         |
+        NAV_RIGHT = 128   // | no-op        | Joystick Right        |
+    };
+    bool isInputSubscribed(InputMask input); // Check if input should be handled by applet, this should not be overloaded.
 
     virtual bool approveNotification(Notification &n); // Allow an applet to veto a notification
 
@@ -108,28 +127,37 @@ class Applet : public GFX
   protected:
     void drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t color) override; // Place a single pixel. All drawing output passes through here
 
-    void requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes type = EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED); // Ask WindowManager to schedule a display update
-    void requestAutoshow();                                                      // Ask for applet to be moved to foreground
+    void requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes type = EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED,
+                       bool full = true); // Ask WindowManager to schedule a display update
+    void requestAutoshow();               // Ask for applet to be moved to foreground
 
     uint16_t X(float f);                                                      // Map applet width, mapped from 0 to 1.0
     uint16_t Y(float f);                                                      // Map applet height, mapped from 0 to 1.0
     void setCrop(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width, uint16_t height); // Ignore pixels drawn outside a certain region
     void resetCrop();                                                         // Removes setCrop()
 
+    // User Input Handling
+
+    uint8_t subscribedInputs = 0b00000000; // Maybe uint16_t for futureproofing? other devices may need more inputs
+    void setInputsSubscribed(uint8_t input,
+                             bool captured); // Set if an input should be handled by applet or not, this should not be
+                                             // overloaded. Can take multiple inputs at once if you OR/`|` them together
+
     // Text
 
     void setFont(AppletFont f);
     AppletFont getFont();
-    uint16_t getTextWidth(std::string text);
+    uint16_t getTextWidth(const std::string &text);
     uint16_t getTextWidth(const char *text);
-    uint32_t getWrappedTextHeight(int16_t left, uint16_t width, std::string text); // Result of printWrapped
+    uint32_t getWrappedTextHeight(int16_t left, uint16_t width, const std::string &text); // Result of printWrapped
     void printAt(int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *text, HorizontalAlignment ha = LEFT, VerticalAlignment va = TOP);
-    void printAt(int16_t x, int16_t y, std::string text, HorizontalAlignment ha = LEFT, VerticalAlignment va = TOP);
-    void printThick(int16_t xCenter, int16_t yCenter, std::string text, uint8_t thicknessX, uint8_t thicknessY); // Faux bold
-    void printWrapped(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width, std::string text); // Per-word line wrapping
+    void printAt(int16_t x, int16_t y, const std::string &text, HorizontalAlignment ha = LEFT, VerticalAlignment va = TOP);
+    void printThick(int16_t xCenter, int16_t yCenter, const std::string &text, uint8_t thicknessX,
+                    uint8_t thicknessY);                                                   // Faux bold
+    void printWrapped(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width, const std::string &text); // Per-word line wrapping
 
     void hatchRegion(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t w, uint16_t h, uint8_t spacing, Color color); // Fill with sparse lines
-    void drawHeader(std::string text); // Draw the standard applet header
+    void drawHeader(const std::string &text); // Draw the standard applet header
 
     // Meshtastic Logo
 
@@ -145,9 +173,9 @@ class Applet : public GFX
     std::string getTimeString();                               // Current time, human readable
     uint16_t getActiveNodeCount();                             // Duration determined by user, in onscreen menu
     std::string localizeDistance(uint32_t meters);             // Human readable distance, imperial or metric
-    std::string parse(std::string text);                       // Handle text which might contain special chars
+    std::string parse(const std::string &text);                // Handle text which might contain special chars
     std::string parseShortName(meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node); // Get the shortname, or a substitute if has unprintable chars
-    bool isPrintable(std::string);                             // Check for characters which the font can't print
+    bool isPrintable(const std::string &text);                 // Check for characters which the font can't print
 
     // Convenient references
 
@@ -164,6 +192,7 @@ class Applet : public GFX
     bool wantAutoshow = false; // Does the applet have new data it would like to display in foreground?
     NicheGraphics::Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes wantUpdateType =
         NicheGraphics::Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::UNSPECIFIED; // Which update method we'd prefer when redrawing the display
+    bool wantFullRender = true;                                 // Render with a fresh canvas
 
     using GFX::setFont;     // Make sure derived classes use AppletFont instead of AdafruitGFX fonts directly
     using GFX::setRotation; // Block setRotation calls. Rotation is handled globally by WindowManager.

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/AppletFont.cpp

@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ InkHUD::AppletFont::AppletFont(const GFXfont &adafruitGFXFont, Encoding encoding
         // Caution: signed and unsigned types
         int8_t glyphAscender = 0 - gfxFont->glyph[i].yOffset;
         if (glyphAscender > 0)
-            this->ascenderHeight = max(this->ascenderHeight, (uint8_t)glyphAscender);
+            this->ascenderHeight = max(this->ascenderHeight, static_cast<uint8_t>(glyphAscender));
 
         int8_t glyphDescender = gfxFont->glyph[i].height + gfxFont->glyph[i].yOffset;
         if (glyphDescender > 0)
-            this->descenderHeight = max(this->descenderHeight, (uint8_t)glyphDescender);
+            this->descenderHeight = max(this->descenderHeight, static_cast<uint8_t>(glyphDescender));
     }
 
     // Apply any manual padding to grow or shrink the line size
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ InkHUD::AppletFont::AppletFont(const GFXfont &adafruitGFXFont, Encoding encoding
     descenderHeight += paddingBottom;
 
     // Find how far the cursor advances when we "print" a space character
-    spaceCharWidth = gfxFont->glyph[(uint8_t)' ' - gfxFont->first].xAdvance;
+    spaceCharWidth = gfxFont->glyph[static_cast<uint8_t>(' ') - gfxFont->first].xAdvance;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ uint8_t InkHUD::AppletFont::widthBetweenWords()
 
 // Convert a unicode char from set of UTF-8 bytes to UTF-32
 // Used by AppletFont::applyEncoding, which remaps unicode chars for extended ASCII fonts, based on their UTF-32 value
-uint32_t InkHUD::AppletFont::toUtf32(std::string utf8)
+uint32_t InkHUD::AppletFont::toUtf32(const std::string &utf8)
 {
     uint32_t utf32 = 0;
 
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ uint32_t InkHUD::AppletFont::toUtf32(std::string utf8)
 
 // Process a string, collating UTF-8 bytes, and sending them off for re-encoding to extended ASCII
 // Not all InkHUD text is passed through here, only text which could potentially contain non-ASCII chars
-std::string InkHUD::AppletFont::decodeUTF8(std::string encoded)
+std::string InkHUD::AppletFont::decodeUTF8(const std::string &encoded)
 {
     // Final processed output
     std::string decoded;
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ std::string InkHUD::AppletFont::decodeUTF8(std::string encoded)
     std::string utf8Char;
     uint8_t utf8CharSize = 0;
 
-    for (char &c : encoded) {
+    for (const char &c : encoded) {
 
         // If first byte
         if (utf8Char.empty()) {
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ std::string InkHUD::AppletFont::decodeUTF8(std::string encoded)
 
 // Re-encode a single UTF-8 character to extended ASCII
 // Target encoding depends on the font
-char InkHUD::AppletFont::applyEncoding(std::string utf8)
+char InkHUD::AppletFont::applyEncoding(const std::string &utf8)
 {
     // ##################################################### Syntactic Sugar #####################################################
 #define REMAP(in, out)                                                                                                           \

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/AppletFont.h

@@ -30,20 +30,21 @@ class AppletFont
     };
 
     AppletFont();
-    AppletFont(const GFXfont &adafruitGFXFont, Encoding encoding = ASCII, int8_t paddingTop = 0, int8_t paddingBottom = 0);
+    explicit AppletFont(const GFXfont &adafruitGFXFont, Encoding encoding = ASCII, int8_t paddingTop = 0,
+                        int8_t paddingBottom = 0);
 
     uint8_t lineHeight();
     uint8_t heightAboveCursor();
     uint8_t heightBelowCursor();
     uint8_t widthBetweenWords(); // Width of the space character
 
-    std::string decodeUTF8(std::string encoded);
+    std::string decodeUTF8(const std::string &encoded);
 
-    const GFXfont *gfxFont = NULL; // Default value: in-built AdafruitGFX font
+    const GFXfont *gfxFont = nullptr; // Default value: in-built AdafruitGFX font
 
   private:
-    uint32_t toUtf32(std::string utf8);
-    char applyEncoding(std::string utf8);
+    uint32_t toUtf32(const std::string &utf8);
+    char applyEncoding(const std::string &utf8);
 
     uint8_t height = 8;          // Default value: in-built AdafruitGFX font
     uint8_t ascenderHeight = 0;  // Default value: in-built AdafruitGFX font

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Bases/Map/MapApplet.cpp

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
-void InkHUD::MapApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::MapApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Abort if no markers to render
     if (!enoughMarkers()) {

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Bases/Map/MapApplet.h

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
 class MapApplet : public Applet
 {
   public:
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
   protected:
     virtual bool shouldDrawNode(meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node) { return true; } // Allow derived applets to filter the nodes

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Bases/NodeList/NodeListApplet.cpp

@@ -81,29 +81,29 @@ ProcessMessage InkHUD::NodeListApplet::handleReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacke
 uint8_t InkHUD::NodeListApplet::maxCards()
 {
     // Cache result. Shouldn't change during execution
-    static uint8_t cards = 0;
+    static uint8_t maxCardCount = 0;
 
-    if (!cards) {
+    if (!maxCardCount) {
         const uint16_t height = Tile::maxDisplayDimension();
 
         // Use a loop instead of arithmetic, because it's easier for my brain to follow
         // Add cards one by one, until the latest card extends below screen
 
         uint16_t y = cardH; // First card: no margin above
-        cards = 1;
+        maxCardCount = 1;
 
         while (y < height) {
             y += cardMarginH;
             y += cardH;
-            cards++;
+            maxCardCount++;
         }
     }
 
-    return cards;
+    return maxCardCount;
 }
 
 // Draw, using info which derived applet placed into NodeListApplet::cards for us
-void InkHUD::NodeListApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::NodeListApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
 
     // ================================
@@ -137,12 +137,12 @@ void InkHUD::NodeListApplet::onRender()
 
         // Gather info
         // ========================================
-        NodeNum &nodeNum = card->nodeNum;
+        const NodeNum &nodeNum = card->nodeNum;
         SignalStrength &signal = card->signal;
         std::string longName;  // handled below
         std::string shortName; // handled below
         std::string distance;  // handled below;
-        uint8_t &hopsAway = card->hopsAway;
+        const uint8_t &hopsAway = card->hopsAway;
 
         meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node = nodeDB->getMeshNode(nodeNum);
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Bases/NodeList/NodeListApplet.h

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class NodeListApplet : public Applet, public MeshModule
   public:
     NodeListApplet(const char *name);
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     bool wantPacket(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p) override;
     ProcessMessage handleReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &mp) override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/BasicExample/BasicExampleApplet.cpp

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
 // All drawing happens here
 // Our basic example doesn't do anything useful. It just passively prints some text.
-void InkHUD::BasicExampleApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::BasicExampleApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     printAt(0, 0, "Hello, World!");
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/BasicExample/BasicExampleApplet.h

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class BasicExampleApplet : public Applet
     // You must have an onRender() method
     // All drawing happens here
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 };
 
 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/NewMsgExample/NewMsgExampleApplet.cpp

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ ProcessMessage InkHUD::NewMsgExampleApplet::handleReceived(const meshtastic_Mesh
 // We can trigger a render by calling requestUpdate()
 // Render might be called by some external source
 // We should always be ready to draw
-void InkHUD::NewMsgExampleApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::NewMsgExampleApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     printAt(0, 0, "Example: NewMsg", LEFT, TOP); // Print top-left corner of text at (0,0)
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/NewMsgExample/NewMsgExampleApplet.h

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class NewMsgExampleApplet : public Applet, public SinglePortModule
     NewMsgExampleApplet() : SinglePortModule("NewMsgExampleApplet", meshtastic_PortNum_TEXT_MESSAGE_APP) {}
 
     // All drawing happens here
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     // Your applet might also want to use some of these
     // Useful for setting up or tidying up

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/UserAppletInputExample/UserAppletInputExample.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
+#include "./UserAppletInputExample.h"
+
+using namespace NicheGraphics;
+
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onActivate()
+{
+    setGrabbed(false);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onRender(bool full)
+{
+    drawHeader("Input Example");
+    uint16_t headerHeight = getHeaderHeight();
+
+    std::string buttonName;
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled)
+        buttonName = "joystick center button";
+    else
+        buttonName = "user button";
+
+    std::string additional = " | Control is grabbed, long press " + buttonName + " to release controls";
+    if (!isGrabbed)
+        additional = " | Control is released, long press " + buttonName + " to grab controls";
+
+    printWrapped(0, headerHeight, width(), "Last button: " + lastInput + additional);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::setGrabbed(bool grabbed)
+{
+    isGrabbed = grabbed;
+    setInputsSubscribed(BUTTON_SHORT | EXIT_SHORT | EXIT_LONG | NAV_UP | NAV_DOWN | NAV_LEFT | NAV_RIGHT,
+                        grabbed);           // Enables/disables grabbing all inputs
+    setInputsSubscribed(BUTTON_LONG, true); // Always grab this input
+}
+
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onButtonShortPress()
+{
+    lastInput = "BUTTON_SHORT";
+    requestUpdate();
+}
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onButtonLongPress()
+{
+    lastInput = "BUTTON_LONG";
+    setGrabbed(!isGrabbed);
+    requestUpdate();
+}
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onExitShort()
+{
+    lastInput = "EXIT_SHORT";
+    requestUpdate();
+}
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onExitLong()
+{
+    lastInput = "EXIT_LONG";
+    requestUpdate();
+}
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onNavUp()
+{
+    lastInput = "NAV_UP";
+    requestUpdate();
+}
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onNavDown()
+{
+    lastInput = "NAV_DOWN";
+    requestUpdate();
+}
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onNavLeft()
+{
+    lastInput = "NAV_LEFT";
+    requestUpdate();
+}
+void InkHUD::UserAppletInputExampleApplet::onNavRight()
+{
+    lastInput = "NAV_RIGHT";
+    requestUpdate();
+}
+
+#endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/Examples/UserAppletInputExample/UserAppletInputExample.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "configuration.h"
+
+#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applet.h"
+
+namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
+{
+
+class UserAppletInputExampleApplet : public Applet
+{
+  public:
+    void onActivate() override;
+
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
+    void onButtonShortPress() override;
+    void onButtonLongPress() override;
+    void onExitShort() override;
+    void onExitLong() override;
+    void onNavUp() override;
+    void onNavDown() override;
+    void onNavLeft() override;
+    void onNavRight() override;
+
+  private:
+    std::string lastInput = "None";
+    bool isGrabbed = false;
+
+    void setGrabbed(bool grabbed);
+};
+
+} // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
+
+#endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/AlignStick/AlignStickApplet.cpp

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::AlignStickApplet()
         bringToForeground();
 }
 
-void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     setFont(fontMedium);
     printAt(0, 0, "Align Joystick:");
@@ -152,19 +152,17 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onBackground()
 
     // Need to force an update, as a polite request wouldn't be honored, seeing how we are now in the background
     // Usually, onBackground is followed by another applet's onForeground (which requests update), but not in this case
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onButtonLongPress()
 {
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onExitLong()
 {
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavUp()
@@ -172,7 +170,6 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavUp()
     settings->joystick.aligned = true;
 
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavDown()
@@ -181,7 +178,6 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavDown()
     settings->joystick.aligned = true;
 
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavLeft()
@@ -190,7 +186,6 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavLeft()
     settings->joystick.aligned = true;
 
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavRight()
@@ -199,7 +194,6 @@ void InkHUD::AlignStickApplet::onNavRight()
     settings->joystick.aligned = true;
 
     sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 #endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/AlignStick/AlignStickApplet.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class AlignStickApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     AlignStickApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;
     void onButtonLongPress() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/BatteryIcon/BatteryIconApplet.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ using namespace NicheGraphics;
 
 InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::BatteryIconApplet()
 {
+    alwaysRender = true; // render everytime the screen is updated
+
     // Show at boot, if user has previously enabled the feature
     if (settings->optionalFeatures.batteryIcon)
         bringToForeground();
@@ -27,10 +29,10 @@ int InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::onPowerStatusUpdate(const meshtastic::Status *sta
     // If we get a different type of status, something has gone weird elsewhere
     assert(status->getStatusType() == STATUS_TYPE_POWER);
 
-    meshtastic::PowerStatus *powerStatus = (meshtastic::PowerStatus *)status;
+    const meshtastic::PowerStatus *pwrStatus = (const meshtastic::PowerStatus *)status;
 
     // Get the new state of charge %, and round to the nearest 10%
-    uint8_t newSocRounded = ((powerStatus->getBatteryChargePercent() + 5) / 10) * 10;
+    uint8_t newSocRounded = ((pwrStatus->getBatteryChargePercent() + 5) / 10) * 10;
 
     // If rounded value has changed, trigger a display update
     // It's okay to requestUpdate before we store the new value, as the update won't run until next loop()
@@ -44,39 +46,29 @@ int InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::onPowerStatusUpdate(const meshtastic::Status *sta
     return 0; // Tell Observable to continue informing other observers
 }
 
-void InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
-    // Fill entire tile
-    // - size of icon controlled by size of tile
-    int16_t l = 0;
-    int16_t t = 0;
-    uint16_t w = width();
-    int16_t h = height();
-
-    // Clear the region beneath the tile
+    // Clear the region beneath the tile, including the border
     // Most applets are drawing onto an empty frame buffer and don't need to do this
     // We do need to do this with the battery though, as it is an "overlay"
-    fillRect(l, t, w, h, WHITE);
-
-    // Vertical centerline
-    const int16_t m = t + (h / 2);
+    fillRect(0, 0, width(), height(), WHITE);
 
     // =====================
     // Draw battery outline
     // =====================
 
     // Positive terminal "bump"
-    const int16_t &bumpL = l;
-    const uint16_t bumpH = h / 2;
-    const int16_t bumpT = m - (bumpH / 2);
     constexpr uint16_t bumpW = 2;
+    const int16_t &bumpL = 1;
+    const uint16_t bumpH = (height() - 2) / 2;
+    const int16_t bumpT = (1 + ((height() - 2) / 2)) - (bumpH / 2);
     fillRect(bumpL, bumpT, bumpW, bumpH, BLACK);
 
     // Main body of battery
-    const int16_t bodyL = bumpL + bumpW;
-    const int16_t &bodyT = t;
-    const int16_t &bodyH = h;
-    const int16_t bodyW = w - bumpW;
+    const int16_t bodyL = 1 + bumpW;
+    const int16_t &bodyT = 1;
+    const int16_t &bodyH = height() - 2;         // Handle top/bottom padding
+    const int16_t bodyW = (width() - 1) - bumpW; // Handle 1px left pad
     drawRect(bodyL, bodyT, bodyW, bodyH, BLACK);
 
     // Erase join between bump and body
@@ -87,12 +79,13 @@ void InkHUD::BatteryIconApplet::onRender()
     // ===================
 
     constexpr int16_t slicePad = 2;
-    const int16_t sliceL = bodyL + slicePad;
+    int16_t sliceL = bodyL + slicePad;
     const int16_t sliceT = bodyT + slicePad;
     const uint16_t sliceH = bodyH - (slicePad * 2);
     uint16_t sliceW = bodyW - (slicePad * 2);
 
-    sliceW = (sliceW * socRounded) / 100; // Apply percentage
+    sliceW = (sliceW * socRounded) / 100;          // Apply percentage
+    sliceL += ((bodyW - (slicePad * 2)) - sliceW); // Shift slice to the battery's negative terminal, correcting drain direction
 
     hatchRegion(sliceL, sliceT, sliceW, sliceH, 2, BLACK);
     drawRect(sliceL, sliceT, sliceW, sliceH, BLACK);

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/BatteryIcon/BatteryIconApplet.h

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ class BatteryIconApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     BatteryIconApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     int onPowerStatusUpdate(const meshtastic::Status *status); // Called when new info about battery is available
 
   private:

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Keyboard/KeyboardApplet.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
+#include "./KeyboardApplet.h"
+
+using namespace NicheGraphics;
+
+InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::KeyboardApplet()
+{
+    // Calculate row widths
+    for (uint8_t row = 0; row < KBD_ROWS; row++) {
+        rowWidths[row] = 0;
+        for (uint8_t col = 0; col < KBD_COLS; col++)
+            rowWidths[row] += keyWidths[row * KBD_COLS + col];
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onRender(bool full)
+{
+    uint16_t em = fontSmall.lineHeight(); // 16 pt
+    uint16_t keyH = Y(1.0) / KBD_ROWS;
+    int16_t keyTopPadding = (keyH - fontSmall.lineHeight()) / 2;
+
+    if (full) { // Draw full keyboard
+        for (uint8_t row = 0; row < KBD_ROWS; row++) {
+
+            // Calculate the remaining space to be used as padding
+            int16_t keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+
+            // Draw keys
+            uint16_t xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t col = 0; col < KBD_COLS; col++) {
+                Color fgcolor = BLACK;
+                uint8_t index = row * KBD_COLS + col;
+                uint16_t keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + ((col * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+                uint16_t keyY = row * keyH;
+                uint16_t keyW = (keyWidths[index] * em) >> 4;
+                if (index == selectedKey) {
+                    fgcolor = WHITE;
+                    fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, BLACK);
+                }
+                drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[index], fgcolor);
+                xPos += keyWidths[index];
+            }
+        }
+    } else { // Only draw the difference
+        if (selectedKey != prevSelectedKey) {
+            // Draw previously selected key
+            uint8_t row = prevSelectedKey / KBD_COLS;
+            int16_t keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+            uint16_t xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t i = prevSelectedKey - (prevSelectedKey % KBD_COLS); i < prevSelectedKey; i++)
+                xPos += keyWidths[i];
+            uint16_t keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + (((prevSelectedKey % KBD_COLS) * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+            uint16_t keyY = row * keyH;
+            uint16_t keyW = (keyWidths[prevSelectedKey] * em) >> 4;
+            fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, WHITE);
+            drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[prevSelectedKey], BLACK);
+
+            // Draw newly selected key
+            row = selectedKey / KBD_COLS;
+            keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+            xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t i = selectedKey - (selectedKey % KBD_COLS); i < selectedKey; i++)
+                xPos += keyWidths[i];
+            keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + (((selectedKey % KBD_COLS) * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+            keyY = row * keyH;
+            keyW = (keyWidths[selectedKey] * em) >> 4;
+            fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, BLACK);
+            drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[selectedKey], WHITE);
+        }
+    }
+
+    prevSelectedKey = selectedKey;
+}
+
+// Draw the key label corresponding to the char
+// for most keys it draws the character itself
+// for ['\b', '\n', ' ', '\x1b'] it draws special glyphs
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::drawKeyLabel(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, char key, Color color)
+{
+    if (key == '\b') {
+        // Draw backspace glyph: 13 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *         [][][][][][][][][]
+         *       [][]              []
+         *     [][]    []      []  []
+         *   [][]        []  []    []
+         * [][]            []      []
+         *   [][]        []  []    []
+         *     [][]    []      []  []
+         *       [][]              []
+         *         [][][][][][][][][]
+         */
+        const uint8_t bsBitmap[] = {0x0f, 0xf8, 0x18, 0x08, 0x32, 0x28, 0x61, 0x48, 0xc0,
+                                    0x88, 0x61, 0x48, 0x32, 0x28, 0x18, 0x08, 0x0f, 0xf8};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 13) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, bsBitmap, 13, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == '\n') {
+        // Draw done glyph: 12 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *                     [][]
+         *                   [][]
+         *                 [][]
+         *               [][]
+         *             [][]
+         * [][]      [][]
+         *   [][]  [][]
+         *     [][][]
+         *       []
+         */
+        const uint8_t doneBitmap[] = {0x00, 0x30, 0x00, 0x60, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0x80, 0x03,
+                                      0x00, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 12) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, doneBitmap, 12, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == ' ') {
+        // Draw space glyph: 13 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *
+         *
+         *
+         *
+         * []                      []
+         * []                      []
+         * [][][][][][][][][][][][][]
+         *
+         *
+         */
+        const uint8_t spaceBitmap[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80,
+                                       0x08, 0x80, 0x08, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 13) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, spaceBitmap, 13, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        setTextColor(color);
+        std::string keyText = "ESC";
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - getTextWidth(keyText)) >> 1;
+        printAt(left + leftPadding, top, keyText);
+    } else {
+        setTextColor(color);
+        if (key >= 0x61)
+            key -= 32; // capitalize
+        std::string keyText = std::string(1, key);
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - getTextWidth(keyText)) >> 1;
+        printAt(left + leftPadding, top, keyText);
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onForeground()
+{
+    handleInput = true; // Intercept the button input for our applet
+
+    // Select the first key
+    selectedKey = 0;
+    prevSelectedKey = 0;
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onBackground()
+{
+    handleInput = false;
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onButtonShortPress()
+{
+    char key = keys[selectedKey];
+    if (key == '\n') {
+        inkhud->freeTextDone();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else {
+        inkhud->freeText(key);
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onButtonLongPress()
+{
+    char key = keys[selectedKey];
+    if (key == '\n') {
+        inkhud->freeTextDone();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else {
+        if (key >= 0x61)
+            key -= 32; // capitalize
+        inkhud->freeText(key);
+    }
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onExitShort()
+{
+    inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+    inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onExitLong()
+{
+    inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+    inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavUp()
+{
+    if (selectedKey < KBD_COLS) // wrap
+        selectedKey += KBD_COLS * (KBD_ROWS - 1);
+    else // move 1 row back
+        selectedKey -= KBD_COLS;
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavDown()
+{
+    selectedKey += KBD_COLS;
+    selectedKey %= (KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS);
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavLeft()
+{
+    if (selectedKey % KBD_COLS == 0) // wrap
+        selectedKey += KBD_COLS - 1;
+    else // move 1 column back
+        selectedKey--;
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavRight()
+{
+    if (selectedKey % KBD_COLS == KBD_COLS - 1) // wrap
+        selectedKey -= KBD_COLS - 1;
+    else // move 1 column forward
+        selectedKey++;
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+uint16_t InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::getKeyboardHeight()
+{
+    const uint16_t keyH = fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
+    return keyH * KBD_ROWS;
+}
+#endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Keyboard/KeyboardApplet.h

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
+
+/*
+
+System Applet to render an on-screeen keyboard
+
+*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "configuration.h"
+#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/InkHUD.h"
+#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/SystemApplet.h"
+#include <string>
+namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
+{
+
+class KeyboardApplet : public SystemApplet
+{
+  public:
+    KeyboardApplet();
+
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
+    void onForeground() override;
+    void onBackground() override;
+    void onButtonShortPress() override;
+    void onButtonLongPress() override;
+    void onExitShort() override;
+    void onExitLong() override;
+    void onNavUp() override;
+    void onNavDown() override;
+    void onNavLeft() override;
+    void onNavRight() override;
+
+    static uint16_t getKeyboardHeight(); // used to set the keyboard tile height
+
+  private:
+    void drawKeyLabel(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, char key, Color color);
+
+    static const uint8_t KBD_COLS = 11;
+    static const uint8_t KBD_ROWS = 4;
+
+    const char keys[KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS] = {
+        '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '\b',  // row 0
+        'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', '\n',  // row 1
+        'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', '!', ' ',   // row 2
+        'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n', 'm', ',', '.', '?', '\x1b' // row 3
+    };
+
+    // This array represents the widths of each key in points
+    // 16 pt = line height of the text
+    const uint16_t keyWidths[KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS] = {
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 0
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 1
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 2
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 10, 10, 12, 40  // row 3
+    };
+
+    uint16_t rowWidths[KBD_ROWS];
+    uint8_t selectedKey = 0; // selected key index
+    uint8_t prevSelectedKey = 0;
+};
+
+} // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
+
+#endif

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Logo/LogoApplet.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ InkHUD::LogoApplet::LogoApplet() : concurrency::OSThread("LogoApplet")
     // This is then drawn with a FULL refresh by Renderer::begin
 }
 
-void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Size  of the region which the logo should "scale to fit"
     uint16_t logoWLimit = X(0.8);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onBackground()
 
     // Need to force an update, as a polite request wouldn't be honored, seeing how we are now in the background
     // Usually, onBackground is followed by another applet's onForeground (which requests update), but not in this case
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 // Begin displaying the screen which is shown at shutdown
@@ -138,10 +138,10 @@ void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onShutdown()
     // Intention is to restore display health.
 
     inverted = true;
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, false);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, true, false);
     delay(1000); // Cooldown. Back to back updates aren't great for health.
     inverted = false;
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, false);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, true, false);
     delay(1000); // Cooldown
 
     // Prepare for the powered-off screen now
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ void InkHUD::LogoApplet::onReboot()
     textTitle = "Rebooting...";
     fontTitle = fontSmall;
 
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, false);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::FULL, true, false);
     // Perform the update right now, waiting here until complete
 }
 

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Logo/LogoApplet.h

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class LogoApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
 {
   public:
     LogoApplet();
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;
     void onShutdown() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Menu/MenuAction.h

@@ -19,10 +19,10 @@ namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
 enum MenuAction {
     NO_ACTION,
     SEND_PING,
+    FREE_TEXT,
     STORE_CANNEDMESSAGE_SELECTION,
     SEND_CANNEDMESSAGE,
     SHUTDOWN,
-    BACK,
     NEXT_TILE,
     TOGGLE_BACKLIGHT,
     TOGGLE_GPS,

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Menu/MenuApplet.cpp

@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onForeground()
     OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
     OSThread::enabled = true;
 
+    freeTextMode = false;
+
     // Upgrade the refresh to FAST, for guaranteed responsiveness
     inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
 }
@@ -116,6 +118,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onBackground()
     SystemApplet::lockRequests = false;
     SystemApplet::handleInput = false;
 
+    handleFreeText = false;
+
     // Restore the user applet whose tile we borrowed
     if (borrowedTileOwner)
         borrowedTileOwner->bringToForeground();
@@ -325,10 +329,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::execute(MenuItem item)
         }
         break;
 
-    case BACK:
-        showPage(item.nextPage);
-        return;
-
     case NEXT_TILE:
         inkhud->nextTile();
         // Unselect menu item after tile change
@@ -344,12 +344,26 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::execute(MenuItem item)
         inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
         break;
 
+    case FREE_TEXT:
+        OSThread::enabled = false;
+        handleFreeText = true;
+        cm.freeTextItem.rawText.erase(); // clear the previous freetext message
+        freeTextMode = true;             // render input field instead of normal menu
+        // Open the on-screen keyboard if the joystick is enabled
+        if (settings->joystick.enabled)
+            inkhud->openKeyboard();
+        break;
+
     case STORE_CANNEDMESSAGE_SELECTION:
-        cm.selectedMessageItem = &cm.messageItems.at(cursor - 1); // Minus one: offset for the initial "Send Ping" entry
+        if (!settings->joystick.enabled)
+            cm.selectedMessageItem = &cm.messageItems.at(cursor - 1); // Minus one: offset for the initial "Send Ping" entry
+        else
+            cm.selectedMessageItem = &cm.messageItems.at(cursor - 2); // Minus two: offset for the "Send Ping" and free text entry
         break;
 
     case SEND_CANNEDMESSAGE:
         cm.selectedRecipientItem = &cm.recipientItems.at(cursor);
+        // send selected message
         sendText(cm.selectedRecipientItem->dest, cm.selectedRecipientItem->channelIndex, cm.selectedMessageItem->rawText.c_str());
         inkhud->forceUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL); // Next refresh should be FULL. Lots of button pressing to get here
         break;
@@ -868,6 +882,7 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
 
     switch (page) {
     case ROOT:
+        previousPage = MenuPage::EXIT;
         // Optional: next applet
         if (settings->optionalMenuItems.nextTile && settings->userTiles.count > 1)
             items.push_back(MenuItem("Next Tile", MenuAction::NEXT_TILE, MenuPage::ROOT)); // Only if multiple applets shown
@@ -878,7 +893,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Node Config", MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Save & Shut Down", MenuAction::SHUTDOWN));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
-        previousPage = MenuPage::EXIT;
         break;
 
     case SEND:
@@ -888,11 +902,12 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
 
     case CANNEDMESSAGE_RECIPIENT:
         populateRecipientPage();
-        previousPage = MenuPage::OPTIONS;
+        previousPage = MenuPage::SEND;
         break;
 
     case OPTIONS:
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::ROOT));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::ROOT;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
         // Optional: backlight
         if (settings->optionalMenuItems.backlight)
             items.push_back(MenuItem(backlight->isLatched() ? "Backlight Off" : "Keep Backlight On", // Label
@@ -916,31 +931,32 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
         invertedColors = (config.display.displaymode == meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayMode_INVERTED);
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Invert Color", MenuAction::TOGGLE_INVERT_COLOR, MenuPage::OPTIONS, &invertedColors));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
-        previousPage = MenuPage::ROOT;
         break;
 
     case APPLETS:
-        populateAppletPage(); // must be first
-        items.insert(items.begin(), MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::OPTIONS));
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
         previousPage = MenuPage::OPTIONS;
+        populateAppletPage(); // must be first
+        items.insert(items.begin(), MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
         break;
 
     case AUTOSHOW:
-        populateAutoshowPage(); // must be first
-        items.insert(items.begin(), MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::OPTIONS));
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
         previousPage = MenuPage::OPTIONS;
+        populateAutoshowPage(); // must be first
+        items.insert(items.begin(), MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
         break;
 
     case RECENTS:
+        previousPage = MenuPage::OPTIONS;
         populateRecentsPage(); // builds only the options
-        items.insert(items.begin(), MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::OPTIONS));
+        items.insert(items.begin(), MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
         break;
 
     case NODE_CONFIG:
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::ROOT));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::ROOT;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
         // Radio Config Section
         items.push_back(MenuItem::Header("Radio Config"));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("LoRa", MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_LORA));
@@ -965,8 +981,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
         break;
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE: {
-
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 
         const char *role = DisplayFormatters::getDeviceRole(config.device.role);
         nodeConfigLabels.emplace_back("Role: " + std::string(role));
@@ -981,7 +997,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_POSITION: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_GPS && HAS_GPS
         const auto mode = config.position.gps_mode;
         if (mode == meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_GpsMode_NOT_PRESENT) {
@@ -996,7 +1013,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_POWER: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 #if defined(ARCH_ESP32)
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Powersave", MenuAction::TOGGLE_POWER_SAVE, MenuPage::EXIT, &config.power.is_power_saving));
 #endif
@@ -1029,7 +1047,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_POWER_ADC_CAL: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_POWER));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_POWER;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 
         // Instruction text (header-style, non-selectable)
         items.push_back(MenuItem::Header("Run on full charge Only"));
@@ -1042,7 +1061,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_NETWORK: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 
         const char *wifiLabel = config.network.wifi_enabled ? "WiFi: On" : "WiFi: Off";
 
@@ -1099,7 +1119,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 
         items.push_back(MenuItem("12-Hour Clock", MenuAction::TOGGLE_12H_CLOCK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY,
                                  &config.display.use_12h_clock));
@@ -1114,7 +1135,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_BLUETOOTH: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 
         const char *btLabel = config.bluetooth.enabled ? "Bluetooth: On" : "Bluetooth: Off";
         items.push_back(MenuItem(btLabel, MenuAction::TOGGLE_BLUETOOTH, MenuPage::EXIT));
@@ -1127,8 +1149,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_LORA: {
-
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 
         const char *region = myRegion ? myRegion->name : "Unset";
         nodeConfigLabels.emplace_back("Region: " + std::string(region));
@@ -1150,10 +1172,11 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_CHANNELS: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 
         for (uint8_t i = 0; i < MAX_NUM_CHANNELS; i++) {
-            meshtastic_Channel &ch = channels.getByIndex(i);
+            const meshtastic_Channel &ch = channels.getByIndex(i);
 
             if (!ch.has_settings)
                 continue;
@@ -1181,7 +1204,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_CHANNEL_DETAIL: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_CHANNELS));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_CHANNELS;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
 
         meshtastic_Channel &ch = channels.getByIndex(selectedChannelIndex);
 
@@ -1226,8 +1250,9 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_CHANNEL_PRECISION: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_CHANNEL_DETAIL));
-        meshtastic_Channel &ch = channels.getByIndex(selectedChannelIndex);
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_CHANNEL_DETAIL;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
+        const meshtastic_Channel &ch = channels.getByIndex(selectedChannelIndex);
         if (!ch.settings.has_module_settings || ch.settings.module_settings.position_precision == 0) {
             items.push_back(MenuItem("Position is Off", MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_CHANNEL_DETAIL));
             break;
@@ -1247,7 +1272,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE_ROLE: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Client", MenuAction::SET_ROLE_CLIENT, MenuPage::EXIT));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Client Mute", MenuAction::SET_ROLE_CLIENT_MUTE, MenuPage::EXIT));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Router", MenuAction::SET_ROLE_ROUTER, MenuPage::EXIT));
@@ -1257,7 +1283,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
 
     case TIMEZONE:
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("US/Hawaii", SET_TZ_US_HAWAII, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("US/Alaska", SET_TZ_US_ALASKA, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("US/Pacific", SET_TZ_US_PACIFIC, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DEVICE));
@@ -1279,7 +1306,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
         break;
 
     case REGION:
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_LORA));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_LORA;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("US", MenuAction::SET_REGION_US, MenuPage::EXIT));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("EU 868", MenuAction::SET_REGION_EU_868, MenuPage::EXIT));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("EU 433", MenuAction::SET_REGION_EU_433, MenuPage::EXIT));
@@ -1310,7 +1338,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
         break;
 
     case NODE_CONFIG_PRESET: {
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_LORA));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_LORA;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Long Moderate", MenuAction::SET_PRESET_LONG_MODERATE, MenuPage::EXIT));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Long Fast", MenuAction::SET_PRESET_LONG_FAST, MenuPage::EXIT));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Medium Slow", MenuAction::SET_PRESET_MEDIUM_SLOW, MenuPage::EXIT));
@@ -1323,7 +1352,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     }
     // Administration Section
     case NODE_CONFIG_ADMIN_RESET:
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", MenuAction::BACK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG));
+        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Reset All", MenuAction::RESET_NODEDB_ALL, MenuPage::EXIT));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Keep Favorites Only", MenuAction::RESET_NODEDB_KEEP_FAVORITES, MenuPage::EXIT));
         items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
@@ -1361,8 +1391,14 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
     currentPage = page;
 }
 
-void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
+    // Free text mode draws a text input field and skips the normal rendering
+    if (freeTextMode) {
+        drawInputField(0, fontSmall.lineHeight(), X(1.0), Y(1.0) - fontSmall.lineHeight() - 1, cm.freeTextItem.rawText);
+        return;
+    }
+
     if (items.size() == 0)
         LOG_ERROR("Empty Menu");
 
@@ -1481,44 +1517,56 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender()
 
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onButtonShortPress()
 {
-    // Push the auto-close timer back
-    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+    if (!freeTextMode) {
+        // Push the auto-close timer back
+        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
 
-    if (!settings->joystick.enabled) {
-        if (!cursorShown) {
-            cursorShown = true;
-            cursor = 0;
-        } else {
-            do {
-                cursor = (cursor + 1) % items.size();
-            } while (items.at(cursor).isHeader);
-        }
-        requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-    } else {
-        if (cursorShown)
-            execute(items.at(cursor));
-        else
-            showPage(MenuPage::EXIT);
-        if (!wantsToRender())
+        if (!settings->joystick.enabled) {
+            if (!cursorShown) {
+                cursorShown = true;
+                // Select the first item that isn't a header
+                cursor = 0;
+                while (cursor < items.size() && items.at(cursor).isHeader) {
+                    cursor++;
+                }
+                if (cursor >= items.size()) {
+                    cursorShown = false;
+                    cursor = 0;
+                }
+            } else {
+                do {
+                    cursor = (cursor + 1) % items.size();
+                } while (items.at(cursor).isHeader);
+            }
             requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+        } else {
+            if (cursorShown)
+                execute(items.at(cursor));
+            else
+                showPage(MenuPage::EXIT);
+            if (!wantsToRender())
+                requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+        }
     }
 }
 
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onButtonLongPress()
 {
-    // Push the auto-close timer back
-    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+    if (!freeTextMode) {
+        // Push the auto-close timer back
+        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
 
-    if (cursorShown)
-        execute(items.at(cursor));
-    else
-        showPage(MenuPage::EXIT); // Special case: Peek at root-menu; longpress again to close
+        if (cursorShown)
+            execute(items.at(cursor));
+        else
+            showPage(MenuPage::EXIT); // Special case: Peek at root-menu; longpress again to close
 
-    // If we didn't already request a specialized update, when handling a menu action,
-    // then perform the usual fast update.
-    // FAST keeps things responsive: important because we're dealing with user input
-    if (!wantsToRender())
-        requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+        // If we didn't already request a specialized update, when handling a menu action,
+        // then perform the usual fast update.
+        // FAST keeps things responsive: important because we're dealing with user input
+        if (!wantsToRender())
+            requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+    }
 }
 
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onExitShort()
@@ -1531,56 +1579,123 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onExitShort()
 
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onNavUp()
 {
-    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+    if (!freeTextMode) {
+        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
 
-    if (!cursorShown) {
-        cursorShown = true;
-        cursor = 0;
-    } else {
-        do {
-            if (cursor == 0)
-                cursor = items.size() - 1;
-            else
+        if (!cursorShown) {
+            cursorShown = true;
+            // Select the last item that isn't a header
+            cursor = items.size() - 1;
+            while (items.at(cursor).isHeader) {
+                if (cursor == 0) {
+                    cursorShown = false;
+                    break;
+                }
                 cursor--;
-        } while (items.at(cursor).isHeader);
-    }
+            }
+        } else {
+            do {
+                if (cursor == 0)
+                    cursor = items.size() - 1;
+                else
+                    cursor--;
+            } while (items.at(cursor).isHeader);
+        }
 
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+        requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+    }
 }
 
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onNavDown()
 {
-    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+    if (!freeTextMode) {
+        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
 
-    if (!cursorShown) {
-        cursorShown = true;
-        cursor = 0;
-    } else {
-        do {
-            cursor = (cursor + 1) % items.size();
-        } while (items.at(cursor).isHeader);
+        if (!cursorShown) {
+            cursorShown = true;
+            // Select the first item that isn't a header
+            cursor = 0;
+            while (cursor < items.size() && items.at(cursor).isHeader) {
+                cursor++;
+            }
+            if (cursor >= items.size()) {
+                cursorShown = false;
+                cursor = 0;
+            }
+        } else {
+            do {
+                cursor = (cursor + 1) % items.size();
+            } while (items.at(cursor).isHeader);
+        }
+
+        requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
     }
-
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onNavLeft()
 {
-    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+    if (!freeTextMode) {
+        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
 
-    // Go to the previous menu page
-    showPage(previousPage);
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+        // Go to the previous menu page
+        showPage(previousPage);
+        requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+    }
 }
 
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onNavRight()
 {
-    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+    if (!freeTextMode) {
+        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+        if (cursorShown)
+            execute(items.at(cursor));
+        if (!wantsToRender())
+            requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+    }
+}
 
-    if (cursorShown)
-        execute(items.at(cursor));
-    if (!wantsToRender())
-        requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onFreeText(char c)
+{
+    if (cm.freeTextItem.rawText.length() >= menuTextLimit && c != '\b')
+        return;
+    if (c == '\b') {
+        if (!cm.freeTextItem.rawText.empty())
+            cm.freeTextItem.rawText.pop_back();
+    } else {
+        cm.freeTextItem.rawText += c;
+    }
+    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onFreeTextDone()
+{
+    // Restart the auto-close timeout
+    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+    OSThread::enabled = true;
+
+    handleFreeText = false;
+    freeTextMode = false;
+
+    if (!cm.freeTextItem.rawText.empty()) {
+        cm.selectedMessageItem = &cm.freeTextItem;
+        showPage(MenuPage::CANNEDMESSAGE_RECIPIENT);
+    }
+    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
+}
+
+void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onFreeTextCancel()
+{
+    // Restart the auto-close timeout
+    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
+    OSThread::enabled = true;
+
+    handleFreeText = false;
+    freeTextMode = false;
+
+    // Clear the free text message
+    cm.freeTextItem.rawText.erase();
+
+    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
 }
 
 // Dynamically create MenuItem entries for activating / deactivating Applets, for the "Applet Selection" submenu
@@ -1635,6 +1750,10 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::populateSendPage()
     // Position / NodeInfo packet
     items.push_back(MenuItem("Ping", MenuAction::SEND_PING, MenuPage::EXIT));
 
+    // If joystick is available, include the Free Text option
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled)
+        items.push_back(MenuItem("Free Text", MenuAction::FREE_TEXT, MenuPage::SEND));
+
     // One menu item for each canned message
     uint8_t count = cm.store->size();
     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
@@ -1664,7 +1783,7 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::populateRecipientPage()
 
     for (uint8_t i = 0; i < MAX_NUM_CHANNELS; i++) {
         // Get the channel, and check if it's enabled
-        meshtastic_Channel &channel = channels.getByIndex(i);
+        const meshtastic_Channel &channel = channels.getByIndex(i);
         if (!channel.has_settings || channel.role == meshtastic_Channel_Role_DISABLED)
             continue;
 
@@ -1734,6 +1853,48 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::populateRecipientPage()
     items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
 }
 
+void InkHUD::MenuApplet::drawInputField(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, uint16_t height, const std::string &text)
+{
+    setFont(fontSmall);
+    uint16_t wrapMaxH = 0;
+
+    // Draw the text, input box, and cursor
+    // Adjusting the box for screen height
+    while (wrapMaxH < height - fontSmall.lineHeight()) {
+        wrapMaxH += fontSmall.lineHeight();
+    }
+
+    // If the text is so long that it goes outside of the input box, the text is actually rendered off screen.
+    uint32_t textHeight = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width - 5, text);
+    if (!text.empty()) {
+        uint16_t textPadding = X(1.0) > Y(1.0) ? wrapMaxH - textHeight : wrapMaxH - textHeight + 1;
+        if (textHeight > wrapMaxH)
+            printWrapped(2, textPadding, width - 5, text);
+        else
+            printWrapped(2, top + 2, width - 5, text);
+    }
+
+    uint16_t textCursorX = text.empty() ? 1 : getCursorX();
+    uint16_t textCursorY = text.empty() ? fontSmall.lineHeight() + 2 : getCursorY() - fontSmall.lineHeight() + 3;
+
+    if (textCursorX + 1 > width - 5) {
+        textCursorX = getCursorX() - width + 5;
+        textCursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight();
+    }
+
+    fillRect(textCursorX + 1, textCursorY, 1, fontSmall.lineHeight(), BLACK);
+
+    // A white rectangle clears the top part of the screen for any text that's printed beyond the input box
+    fillRect(0, 0, X(1.0), top, WHITE);
+
+    // Draw character limit
+    std::string ftlen = std::to_string(text.length()) + "/" + to_string(menuTextLimit);
+    uint16_t textLen = getTextWidth(ftlen);
+    printAt(X(1.0) - textLen - 2, 0, ftlen);
+
+    // Draw the border
+    drawRect(0, top, width, wrapMaxH + 5, BLACK);
+}
 // Renders the panel shown at the top of the root menu.
 // Displays the clock, and several other pieces of instantaneous system info,
 // which we'd prefer not to have displayed in a normal applet, as they update too frequently.
@@ -1875,4 +2036,4 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::freeCannedMessageResources()
     cm.messageItems.clear();
     cm.recipientItems.clear();
 }
-#endif // MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
+#endif // MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Menu/MenuApplet.h

@@ -32,7 +32,10 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
     void onNavDown() override;
     void onNavLeft() override;
     void onNavRight() override;
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onFreeText(char c) override;
+    void onFreeTextDone() override;
+    void onFreeTextCancel() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
 
     void show(Tile *t); // Open the menu, onto a user tile
     void setStartPage(MenuPage page);
@@ -51,6 +54,8 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
     void populateAutoshowPage();  // Dynamically create MenuItems for selecting which applets can autoshow
     void populateRecentsPage();   // Create menu items: a choice of values for settings.recentlyActiveSeconds
 
+    void drawInputField(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, uint16_t height,
+                        const std::string &text); // Draw input field for free text
     uint16_t getSystemInfoPanelHeight();
     void drawSystemInfoPanel(int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t width,
                              uint16_t *height = nullptr);                   // Info panel at top of root menu
@@ -62,8 +67,9 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
     MenuPage previousPage = MenuPage::EXIT;
     uint8_t cursor = 0;       // Which menu item is currently highlighted
     bool cursorShown = false; // Is *any* item highlighted? (Root menu: no initial selection)
-
+    bool freeTextMode = false;
     uint16_t systemInfoPanelHeight = 0; // Need to know before we render
+    uint16_t menuTextLimit = 200;
 
     std::vector<MenuItem> items;               // MenuItems for the current page. Filled by ShowPage
     std::vector<std::string> nodeConfigLabels; // Persistent labels for Node Config pages
@@ -104,6 +110,8 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
         // Cleared onBackground (when MenuApplet closes)
         std::vector<MessageItem> messageItems;
         std::vector<RecipientItem> recipientItems;
+
+        MessageItem freeTextItem;
     } cm;
 
     Applet *borrowedTileOwner = nullptr; // Which applet we have temporarily replaced while displaying menu

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Notification/NotificationApplet.cpp

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ int InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onReceiveTextMessage(const meshtastic_MeshPacket
     return 0;
 }
 
-void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Clear the region beneath the tile
     // Most applets are drawing onto an empty frame buffer and don't need to do this
@@ -139,54 +139,47 @@ void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onForeground()
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onBackground()
 {
     handleInput = false;
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onButtonShortPress()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onButtonLongPress()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onExitShort()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onExitLong()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onNavUp()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onNavDown()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onNavLeft()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 void InkHUD::NotificationApplet::onNavRight()
 {
     dismiss();
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
 }
 
 // Ask the WindowManager to check whether any displayed applets are already displaying the info from this notification
@@ -235,17 +228,17 @@ std::string InkHUD::NotificationApplet::getNotificationText(uint16_t widthAvaila
                   Notification::Type::NOTIFICATION_MESSAGE_BROADCAST)) {
 
         // Although we are handling DM and broadcast notifications together, we do need to treat them slightly differently
-        bool isBroadcast = currentNotification.type == Notification::Type::NOTIFICATION_MESSAGE_BROADCAST;
+        bool msgIsBroadcast = currentNotification.type == Notification::Type::NOTIFICATION_MESSAGE_BROADCAST;
 
         // Pick source of message
-        MessageStore::Message *message =
-            isBroadcast ? &inkhud->persistence->latestMessage.broadcast : &inkhud->persistence->latestMessage.dm;
+        const MessageStore::Message *message =
+            msgIsBroadcast ? &inkhud->persistence->latestMessage.broadcast : &inkhud->persistence->latestMessage.dm;
 
         // Find info about the sender
         meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node = nodeDB->getMeshNode(message->sender);
 
         // Leading tag (channel vs. DM)
-        text += isBroadcast ? "From:" : "DM: ";
+        text += msgIsBroadcast ? "From:" : "DM: ";
 
         // Sender id
         if (node && node->has_user)
@@ -259,7 +252,7 @@ std::string InkHUD::NotificationApplet::getNotificationText(uint16_t widthAvaila
             text.clear();
 
             // Leading tag (channel vs. DM)
-            text += isBroadcast ? "Msg from " : "DM from ";
+            text += msgIsBroadcast ? "Msg from " : "DM from ";
 
             // Sender id
             if (node && node->has_user)

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Notification/NotificationApplet.h

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class NotificationApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     NotificationApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;
     void onButtonShortPress() override;

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Pairing/PairingApplet.cpp

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ InkHUD::PairingApplet::PairingApplet()
     bluetoothStatusObserver.observe(&bluetoothStatus->onNewStatus);
 }
 
-void InkHUD::PairingApplet::onRender()
+void InkHUD::PairingApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
     // Header
     setFont(fontMedium);
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ void InkHUD::PairingApplet::onBackground()
 
     // Need to force an update, as a polite request wouldn't be honored, seeing how we are now in the background
     // Usually, onBackground is followed by another applet's onForeground (which requests update), but not in this case
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL);
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FULL, true);
 }
 
 int InkHUD::PairingApplet::onBluetoothStatusUpdate(const meshtastic::Status *status)
@@ -55,12 +55,12 @@ int InkHUD::PairingApplet::onBluetoothStatusUpdate(const meshtastic::Status *sta
     // We'll mimic that behavior, just to keep in line with the other Statuses,
     // even though I'm not sure what the original reason for jumping through these extra hoops was.
     assert(status->getStatusType() == STATUS_TYPE_BLUETOOTH);
-    meshtastic::BluetoothStatus *bluetoothStatus = (meshtastic::BluetoothStatus *)status;
+    const auto *btStatus = static_cast<const meshtastic::BluetoothStatus *>(status);
 
     // When pairing begins
-    if (bluetoothStatus->getConnectionState() == meshtastic::BluetoothStatus::ConnectionState::PAIRING) {
+    if (btStatus->getConnectionState() == meshtastic::BluetoothStatus::ConnectionState::PAIRING) {
         // Store the passkey for rendering
-        passkey = bluetoothStatus->getPasskey();
+        passkey = btStatus->getPasskey();
 
         // Show pairing screen
         bringToForeground();

src/graphics/niche/InkHUD/Applets/System/Pairing/PairingApplet.h

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class PairingApplet : public SystemApplet
   public:
     PairingApplet();
 
-    void onRender() override;
+    void onRender(bool full) override;
     void onForeground() override;
     void onBackground() override;