Update PhoneAPI.cpp to reduce chattiness

2026-10-04 19:38:11 +10:00 · 2026-05-01 07:39:06 -05:00
244 changed files with 2758 additions and 14547 deletions
@@ -32,15 +32,10 @@ jobs:
        shell: bash
        working-directory: meshtasticd
        run: |
-          # Build-tools (notably platformio) come from the Meshtastic project
-          # on the OpenSUSE Build Service:
-          # https://build.opensuse.org/project/show/network:Meshtastic:build-tools
-          echo 'deb http://download.opensuse.org/repositories/network:/Meshtastic:/build-tools/xUbuntu_24.04/ /' \
-            | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/network:Meshtastic:build-tools.list
-          curl -fsSL https://download.opensuse.org/repositories/network:Meshtastic:build-tools/xUbuntu_24.04/Release.key \
-            | gpg --dearmor | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/network_Meshtastic_build-tools.gpg >/dev/null
          sudo apt-get update -y --fix-missing
-          sudo apt-get install -y build-essential devscripts equivs
+          sudo apt-get install -y software-properties-common build-essential devscripts equivs
+          sudo add-apt-repository ppa:meshtastic/build-tools -y
+          sudo apt-get update -y --fix-missing
          sudo mk-build-deps --install --remove --tool='apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=yes --no-install-recommends --yes' debian/control

      - name: Import GPG key
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ jobs:
        shell: bash
        run: |
          brew update
-          brew install platformio yaml-cpp libuv openssl@3 libusb argp-standalone pkg-config ulfius
+          brew install platformio yaml-cpp libuv openssl@3 libusb argp-standalone pkg-config

      - name: Get release version string
        run: |
@@ -4,14 +4,9 @@ on:
  workflow_dispatch:
    inputs:
      # trunk-ignore(checkov/CKV_GHA_7)
-      target:
-        type: string
-        required: false
-        description: Choose the target board, e.g. nrf52_promicro_diy_tcxo. If blank, will find available targets.
      arch:
        type: choice
        options:
-          - all
          - esp32
          - esp32s3
          - esp32c3
@@ -20,18 +15,32 @@ on:
          - rp2040
          - rp2350
          - stm32
-        description: Choose an arch to limit the search, or 'all' to search all architectures.
-        default: all
+      target:
+        type: string
+        required: false
+        description: Choose the target board, e.g. nrf52_promicro_diy_tcxo. If blank, will find available targets.
+      # find-target:
+      #   type: boolean
+      #   default: true
+      #   description: 'Find the available targets'

 permissions: read-all

 jobs:
  find-targets:
+    if: ${{ inputs.target == '' }}
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        arch:
-          - all
+          - esp32
+          - esp32s3
+          - esp32c3
+          - esp32c6
+          - nrf52840
+          - rp2040
+          - rp2350
+          - stm32
    runs-on: ubuntu-24.04
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v6
@@ -42,37 +51,14 @@ jobs:
      - run: pip install -U platformio
      - name: Generate matrix
        id: jsonStep
-        env:
-          BUILDTARGET: ${{ inputs.target }}
-          MATRIXARCH: ${{ inputs.arch }}
        run: |
          TARGETS=$(./bin/generate_ci_matrix.py ${{matrix.arch}} --level extra)
-          if [ "$BUILDTARGET" = "" ]; then
-            echo "Name: $GITHUB_REF_NAME" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "Base: $GITHUB_BASE_REF" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "Arch: $MATRIXARCH" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "Ref: $GITHUB_REF" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "## 🎯 The following target boards are available to build:" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "| Platform | Board |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "| -------- | ----- |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo $TARGETS | jq -r 'sort_by(.board) | sort_by(.platform) |.[] | "| " + .platform + " | " + .board + " |" ' >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-          else
-            echo "We build this one:" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            ARCH=$(echo "$TARGETS" | jq --arg BUILDTARGET "$BUILDTARGET" -r '.[] | select(.board==$BUILDTARGET) | .platform')
-            echo "| Platform | Board |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "| -------- | ----- |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "| $ARCH | "$BUILDTARGET" |" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            if [[ "$ARCH" == "" ]]; then
-              echo "## ❌ Error: Target "$BUILDTARGET" not found!" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            else
-              echo "## ✅ Target "$BUILDTARGET" found, proceeding to build." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            fi
-            echo "You may need to refresh this page to make the built firmware appear below." >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
-            echo "arch=$ARCH" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-          fi
-    outputs:
-      arch: ${{ steps.jsonStep.outputs.arch }}
+          echo "Name: $GITHUB_REF_NAME" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          echo "Base: $GITHUB_BASE_REF" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          echo "Arch: ${{matrix.arch}}" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          echo "Ref: $GITHUB_REF" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          echo "Targets:" >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY
+          echo $TARGETS | jq -r 'sort_by(.board) |.[] | "- " + .board' >> $GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY

  version:
    if: ${{ inputs.target != '' }}
@@ -92,12 +78,12 @@ jobs:

  build:
    if: ${{ inputs.target != '' && inputs.arch != 'native' }}
-    needs: [version, find-targets]
+    needs: [version]
    uses: ./.github/workflows/build_firmware.yml
    with:
      version: ${{ needs.version.outputs.long }}
      pio_env: ${{ inputs.target }}
-      platform: ${{ needs.find-targets.outputs.arch }}
+      platform: ${{ inputs.arch }}

  gather-artifacts:
    permissions:
@@ -86,13 +86,7 @@ jobs:
        run: sed -i 's/-DBUILD_EPOCH=$UNIX_TIME/#-DBUILD_EPOCH=$UNIX_TIME/' platformio.ini

      - name: PlatformIO Tests
-        run: |
-          set -o pipefail
-          # Filter out SKIPPED summary rows for hardware variants that can't run on the
-          # native host. They flood the log and make it harder to spot real failures.
-          # The JUnit XML is written directly to testreport.xml before the pipe, so
-          # the test artifact is unaffected.
-          platformio test -e coverage -v --junit-output-path testreport.xml 2>&1 | grep -v "[[:space:]]SKIPPED$"
+        run: platformio test -e coverage -v --junit-output-path testreport.xml

      - name: Save test results
        if: always() # run this step even if previous step failed
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ plugins:
      uri: https://github.com/trunk-io/plugins
 lint:
  enabled:
-    - checkov@3.2.526
+    - checkov@3.2.525
    - renovate@43.150.0
    - prettier@3.8.3
    - trufflehog@3.95.2
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
---
-Lora:
-## Ebyte E80-900M22S
-## This is a bit experimental
-## 
-##
-  Module: lr1121
-  gpiochip: 1 # subtract 32 from the gpio numbers
-  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: 1.8
-  CS: 16 #pin6 / GPIO48 1C0
-  IRQ: 23  #pin17 / GPIO55 1C7
-  Busy: 22 #pin16 / GPIO54 1C6
-  Reset: 25 #pin13 / GPIO57 1D1
-
-
-  spidev: spidev0.0 #pins are (CS=16, CLK=17, MOSI=18, MISO=19)
-  spiSpeed: 2000000
-  
-rfswitch_table:
-  pins: [DIO5, DIO6, DIO7]
-  MODE_STBY: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
-  MODE_RX: [LOW, HIGH, LOW]
-  MODE_TX: [HIGH, HIGH, LOW]
-  MODE_TX_HP: [HIGH, LOW, LOW]
-  MODE_TX_HF: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
-  MODE_GNSS: [LOW, LOW, HIGH]
-  MODE_WIFI: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
-
-General:
-  MACAddressSource: eth0
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
---
-Lora:
-## Ebyte E80-900M22S
-## This is a bit experimental
-## 
-##
-  Module: lr1121
-  gpiochip: 1 # subtract 32 from the gpio numbers
-  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: 1.8
-  CS: 16 #pin6 / GPIO48 1C0
-  IRQ: 23  #pin17 / GPIO55 1C7
-  Busy: 22 #pin16 / GPIO54 1C6
-  Reset: 25 #pin13 / GPIO57 1D1
-
-
-  spidev: spidev0.0 #pins are (CS=16, CLK=17, MOSI=18, MISO=19)
-  spiSpeed: 2000000
-  
-rfswitch_table:
-  pins:
-    - DIO5
-    - DIO6
-  MODE_STBY:
-    - LOW
-    - LOW
-  MODE_RX:
-    - HIGH
-    - LOW
-  MODE_TX:
-    - HIGH
-    - HIGH
-  MODE_TX_HP:
-    - LOW
-    - HIGH
-  MODE_TX_HF:
-    - LOW
-    - LOW
-  MODE_GNSS:
-    - LOW
-    - LOW
-  MODE_WIFI:
-    - LOW
-    - LOW
-
-General:
-  MACAddressSource: eth0
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
---
-Lora:
-## Ebyte E80-900M22S
-## This is a bit experimental
-## 
-##
-  Module: lr1121
-  gpiochip: 1 # subtract 32 from the gpio numbers
-  DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE: 1.8
-  CS: 16 #pin6 / GPIO48 1C0
-  IRQ: 23  #pin17 / GPIO55 1C7
-  Busy: 22 #pin16 / GPIO54 1C6
-  Reset: 25 #pin13 / GPIO57 1D1
-
-
-  spidev: spidev0.0 #pins are (CS=16, CLK=17, MOSI=18, MISO=19)
-  spiSpeed: 2000000
-  
-rfswitch_table:
-  pins: [DIO5, DIO6, DIO7]
-  MODE_STBY: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
-  MODE_RX: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
-  MODE_TX: [LOW, HIGH, LOW]
-  MODE_TX_HP: [HIGH, LOW, LOW]
-  # MODE_TX_HF: []
-  # MODE_GNSS: []
-  MODE_WIFI: [LOW, LOW, LOW]
-
-General:
-  MACAddressSource: eth0
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ build_flags = -Wno-missing-field-initializers
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_POWERSTRESS=1 ; exclude power stress test module from main firmware
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_GENERIC_THREAD_MODULE=1
 	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_POWERMON=1
+	-DMESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_STATUS=1
 	-D MAX_THREADS=40 ; As we've split modules, we have more threads to manage
 	#-DBUILD_EPOCH=$UNIX_TIME ; set in platformio-custom.py now
 	#-D OLED_PL=1
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ lib_deps =
 [radiolib_base]
 lib_deps =
 	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=RadioLib packageName=jgromes/RadioLib
-	https://github.com/jgromes/RadioLib/archive/afe72ae46a343e15e3cac7f26ac585c7f98bffe5.zip
+	https://github.com/jgromes/RadioLib/archive/refs/tags/7.6.0.zip

 [device-ui_base]
 lib_deps =
@@ -170,8 +171,8 @@ lib_deps =
 	https://github.com/EmotiBit/EmotiBit_MLX90632/archive/refs/tags/v1.0.8.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Adafruit MLX90614 packageName=adafruit/Adafruit_MLX90614
 	https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit-MLX90614-Library/archive/refs/tags/2.1.6.zip
-	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=INA3221_RT packageName=RobTillaart/INA3221_RT
-	https://github.com/RobTillaart/INA3221_RT/archive/refs/tags/0.4.2.zip
+	# renovate: datasource=git-refs depName=INA3221 packageName=https://github.com/sgtwilko/INA3221 gitBranch=FixOverflow
+	https://github.com/sgtwilko/INA3221/archive/bb03d7e9bfcc74fc798838a54f4f99738f29fc6a.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=QMC5883L Compass packageName=mprograms/QMC5883LCompass
 	https://github.com/mprograms/QMC5883LCompass/archive/refs/tags/v1.2.3.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=DFRobot_RTU packageName=dfrobot/DFRobot_RTU
@@ -226,8 +227,6 @@ lib_deps =
 	https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-i2c-sfa3x/archive/refs/tags/1.0.0.zip
 	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=Sensirion I2C SCD30 packageName=sensirion/arduino-i2c-scd30
 	https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-i2c-scd30/archive/refs/tags/1.0.0.zip
-	# renovate: datasource=github-tags depName=arduino-sht packageName=sensirion/arduino-sht
-	https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-sht/archive/refs/tags/v1.2.6.zip

 ; Environmental sensors with BSEC2 (Bosch proprietary IAQ)
 [environmental_extra]
@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@ SOFTWARE.*/

 #include "DebugConfiguration.h"

-#include <memory>
-
 #ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
 #include "platform/portduino/PortduinoGlue.h"
 #endif
@@ -121,22 +119,27 @@ bool Syslog::vlogf(uint16_t pri, const char *fmt, va_list args)

 bool Syslog::vlogf(uint16_t pri, const char *appName, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 {
-    // First measure the formatted length using a copy of args; passing args directly
-    // to vsnprintf consumes it, and reusing a consumed va_list is undefined behavior.
-    va_list args_measure;
-    va_copy(args_measure, args);
-    int needed = vsnprintf(nullptr, 0, fmt, args_measure);
-    va_end(args_measure);
+    char *message;
+    size_t initialLen;
+    size_t len;
+    bool result;

-    if (needed < 0)
-        return false; // encoding error
+    initialLen = strlen(fmt);

-    auto message = std::unique_ptr<char[]>(new char[static_cast<size_t>(needed) + 1]);
-    int written = vsnprintf(message.get(), static_cast<size_t>(needed) + 1, fmt, args);
-    if (written < 0)
-        return false;
+    message = new char[initialLen + 1];

-    return this->_sendLog(pri, appName, message.get());
+    len = vsnprintf(message, initialLen + 1, fmt, args);
+    if (len > initialLen) {
+        delete[] message;
+        message = new char[len + 1];
+
+        vsnprintf(message, len + 1, fmt, args);
+    }
+
+    result = this->_sendLog(pri, appName, message);
+
+    delete[] message;
+    return result;
 }

 inline bool Syslog::_sendLog(uint16_t pri, const char *appName, const char *message)
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ const char *DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(meshtastic_Config_LoRaC
                                                         bool usePreset)
 {

-    // If use_preset is false, always return "Custom" — callers such as RadioInterface and Channels
-    // rely on this being a stable literal for channel-name hashing and default-channel detection.
+    // If use_preset is false, always return "Custom"
    if (!usePreset) {
        return "Custom";
    }
@@ -79,46 +79,28 @@ bool copyFile(const char *from, const char *to)
 bool renameFile(const char *pathFrom, const char *pathTo)
 {
 #ifdef FSCom
+
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
+    // take SPI Lock
    spiLock->lock();
+    // rename was fixed for ESP32 IDF LittleFS in April
    bool result = FSCom.rename(pathFrom, pathTo);
    spiLock->unlock();
    return result;
 #else
-    return false;
+    // copyFile does its own locking.
+    if (copyFile(pathFrom, pathTo) && FSCom.remove(pathFrom)) {
+        return true;
+    } else {
+        return false;
+    }
+#endif
+
 #endif
 }

 #include <vector>

-/**
- * @brief Platform-agnostic filesystem format / wipe.
- *
- * On embedded targets (ESP32, NRF52, STM32WL, RP2040) this calls the
- * native FSCom.format() which erases and reinitialises the LittleFS
- * partition.
- *
- * On Portduino the fs::FS backend has no format() method. We instead
- * delete /prefs (the only meshtastic data directory written at runtime)
- * and return. rmDir("/prefs") is already called unconditionally by
- * factoryReset() so this is a proven primitive on Portduino.
- * FSBegin() is a no-op (#define FSBegin() true) on Portduino.
- *
- * @return true on success, false on failure or if no filesystem is configured.
- */
-bool fsFormat()
-{
-#ifdef FSCom
-#if defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
-    rmDir("/prefs");
-    return FSBegin();
-#else
-    return FSCom.format();
-#endif
-#else
-    return false;
-#endif
-}
-
 /**
 * @brief Get the list of files in a directory.
 *
@@ -141,21 +123,23 @@ std::vector<meshtastic_FileInfo> getFiles(const char *dirname, uint8_t levels)

    File file = root.openNextFile();
    while (file) {
-#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
-        const char *filepath = file.path();
-#else
-        const char *filepath = file.name();
-#endif
        if (file.isDirectory() && !String(file.name()).endsWith(".")) {
            if (levels) {
-                std::vector<meshtastic_FileInfo> subDirFilenames = getFiles(filepath, levels - 1);
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
+                std::vector<meshtastic_FileInfo> subDirFilenames = getFiles(file.path(), levels - 1);
+#else
+                std::vector<meshtastic_FileInfo> subDirFilenames = getFiles(file.name(), levels - 1);
+#endif
                filenames.insert(filenames.end(), subDirFilenames.begin(), subDirFilenames.end());
                file.close();
            }
        } else {
            meshtastic_FileInfo fileInfo = {"", static_cast<uint32_t>(file.size())};
-            strncpy(fileInfo.file_name, filepath, sizeof(fileInfo.file_name) - 1);
-            fileInfo.file_name[sizeof(fileInfo.file_name) - 1] = '\0';
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
+            strcpy(fileInfo.file_name, file.path());
+#else
+            strcpy(fileInfo.file_name, file.name());
+#endif
            if (!String(fileInfo.file_name).endsWith(".")) {
                filenames.push_back(fileInfo);
            }
@@ -179,59 +163,98 @@ std::vector<meshtastic_FileInfo> getFiles(const char *dirname, uint8_t levels)
 void listDir(const char *dirname, uint8_t levels, bool del)
 {
 #ifdef FSCom
+#if (defined(ARCH_ESP32) || defined(ARCH_RP2040) || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO))
    char buffer[255];
+#endif
    File root = FSCom.open(dirname, FILE_O_READ);
-    if (!root || !root.isDirectory())
+    if (!root) {
        return;
+    }
+    if (!root.isDirectory()) {
+        return;
+    }

    File file = root.openNextFile();
-    while (file && file.name()[0]) { // file.name()[0] check: workaround for Adafruit LittleFS nRF52 bug #4395
-#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
-        const char *filepath = file.path();
-#else
-        const char *filepath = file.name();
-#endif
+    while (
+        file &&
+        file.name()[0]) { // This file.name() check is a workaround for a bug in the Adafruit LittleFS nrf52 glue (see issue 4395)
        if (file.isDirectory() && !String(file.name()).endsWith(".")) {
            if (levels) {
-                listDir(filepath, levels - 1, del);
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
+                listDir(file.path(), levels - 1, del);
                if (del) {
-                    LOG_DEBUG("Remove %s", filepath);
-                    strncpy(buffer, filepath, sizeof(buffer) - 1);
-                    buffer[sizeof(buffer) - 1] = '\0';
+                    LOG_DEBUG("Remove %s", file.path());
+                    strncpy(buffer, file.path(), sizeof(buffer));
                    file.close();
                    FSCom.rmdir(buffer);
                } else {
                    file.close();
                }
+#elif (defined(ARCH_RP2040) || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO))
+                listDir(file.name(), levels - 1, del);
+                if (del) {
+                    LOG_DEBUG("Remove %s", file.name());
+                    strncpy(buffer, file.name(), sizeof(buffer));
+                    file.close();
+                    FSCom.rmdir(buffer);
+                } else {
+                    file.close();
+                }
+#else
+                LOG_DEBUG(" %s (directory)", file.name());
+                listDir(file.name(), levels - 1, del);
+                file.close();
+#endif
            }
        } else {
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32
            if (del) {
-                LOG_DEBUG("Delete %s", filepath);
-                strncpy(buffer, filepath, sizeof(buffer) - 1);
-                buffer[sizeof(buffer) - 1] = '\0';
+                LOG_DEBUG("Delete %s", file.path());
+                strncpy(buffer, file.path(), sizeof(buffer));
                file.close();
                FSCom.remove(buffer);
            } else {
-                LOG_DEBUG(" %s (%i Bytes)", filepath, file.size());
+                LOG_DEBUG(" %s (%i Bytes)", file.path(), file.size());
                file.close();
            }
+#elif (defined(ARCH_RP2040) || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO))
+            if (del) {
+                LOG_DEBUG("Delete %s", file.name());
+                strncpy(buffer, file.name(), sizeof(buffer));
+                file.close();
+                FSCom.remove(buffer);
+            } else {
+                LOG_DEBUG(" %s (%i Bytes)", file.name(), file.size());
+                file.close();
+            }
+#else
+            LOG_DEBUG("   %s (%i Bytes)", file.name(), file.size());
+            file.close();
+#endif
        }
        file = root.openNextFile();
    }
 #ifdef ARCH_ESP32
-    const char *rootpath = root.path();
-#else
-    const char *rootpath = root.name();
-#endif
    if (del) {
-        LOG_DEBUG("Remove %s", rootpath);
-        strncpy(buffer, rootpath, sizeof(buffer) - 1);
-        buffer[sizeof(buffer) - 1] = '\0';
+        LOG_DEBUG("Remove %s", root.path());
+        strncpy(buffer, root.path(), sizeof(buffer));
        root.close();
        FSCom.rmdir(buffer);
    } else {
        root.close();
    }
+#elif (defined(ARCH_RP2040) || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO))
+    if (del) {
+        LOG_DEBUG("Remove %s", root.name());
+        strncpy(buffer, root.name(), sizeof(buffer));
+        root.close();
+        FSCom.rmdir(buffer);
+    } else {
+        root.close();
+    }
+#else
+    root.close();
+#endif
 #endif
 }

@@ -245,7 +268,14 @@ void listDir(const char *dirname, uint8_t levels, bool del)
 void rmDir(const char *dirname)
 {
 #ifdef FSCom
+
+#if (defined(ARCH_ESP32) || defined(ARCH_RP2040) || defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO))
    listDir(dirname, 10, true);
+#elif defined(ARCH_NRF52)
+    // nRF52 implementation of LittleFS has a recursive delete function
+    FSCom.rmdir_r(dirname);
+#endif
+
 #endif
 }

@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@ void fsInit();
 void fsListFiles();
 bool copyFile(const char *from, const char *to);
 bool renameFile(const char *pathFrom, const char *pathTo);
-bool fsFormat();
 std::vector<meshtastic_FileInfo> getFiles(const char *dirname, uint8_t levels);
 void listDir(const char *dirname, uint8_t levels, bool del = false);
 void rmDir(const char *dirname);
@@ -40,22 +40,6 @@
 #include "concurrency/LockGuard.h"
 #endif

-#if defined(ARCH_STM32WL) && defined(BATTERY_PIN)
-#include "stm32yyxx_ll_adc.h"
-
-/* Analog read resolution */
-#if defined(LL_ADC_RESOLUTION_12B)
-#define LL_ADC_RESOLUTION LL_ADC_RESOLUTION_12B
-#define BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS 12
-#elif defined(LL_ADC_DS_DATA_WIDTH_12_BIT)
-#define LL_ADC_RESOLUTION LL_ADC_DS_DATA_WIDTH_12_BIT
-#define BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS 12
-#else
-#error "ADC resolution could not be defined!"
-#endif
-#define ADC_RANGE (1 << BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS)
-#endif
-
 #if defined(DEBUG_HEAP_MQTT) && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_MQTT
 #include "mqtt/MQTT.h"
 #include "target_specific.h"
@@ -94,31 +78,16 @@ static const adc_atten_t atten = ADC_ATTENUATION;
 #endif
 #endif // BATTERY_PIN && ARCH_ESP32

-#ifdef EXT_PWR_DETECT
-#ifndef EXT_PWR_DETECT_MODE
-#define EXT_PWR_DETECT_MODE INPUT
-// If using internal pull resistors, we can infer EXT_PWR_DETECT_VALUE
-#elif EXT_PWR_DETECT_MODE == INPUT_PULLUP
-#define EXT_PWR_DETECT_VALUE LOW
-#elif EXT_PWR_DETECT_MODE == INPUT_PULLDOWN
-#define EXT_PWR_DETECT_VALUE HIGH
-#endif
-#ifndef EXT_PWR_DETECT_VALUE
-#define EXT_PWR_DETECT_VALUE HIGH
-#endif
-#endif
-
 #ifdef EXT_CHRG_DETECT
 #ifndef EXT_CHRG_DETECT_MODE
-#define EXT_CHRG_DETECT_MODE INPUT
-// If using internal pull resistors, we can infer EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE
-#elif EXT_CHRG_DETECT_MODE == INPUT_PULLUP
-#define EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE LOW
-#elif EXT_CHRG_DETECT_MODE == INPUT_PULLDOWN
-#define EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE HIGH
+static const uint8_t ext_chrg_detect_mode = INPUT;
+#else
+static const uint8_t ext_chrg_detect_mode = EXT_CHRG_DETECT_MODE;
 #endif
 #ifndef EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE
-#define EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE HIGH
+static const uint8_t ext_chrg_detect_value = HIGH;
+#else
+static const uint8_t ext_chrg_detect_value = EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE;
 #endif
 #endif

@@ -359,17 +328,11 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
            float scaled = 0;

            battery_adcEnable();
-#ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
-            // STM32 ADC with VREFINT runtime calibration
-            Vref = __LL_ADC_CALC_VREFANALOG_VOLTAGE(analogRead(AVREF), LL_ADC_RESOLUTION);
-            raw = analogRead(BATTERY_PIN);
-            scaled = __LL_ADC_CALC_DATA_TO_VOLTAGE(Vref, raw, LL_ADC_RESOLUTION);
-            scaled *= operativeAdcMultiplier;
-#elif defined(ARCH_ESP32) // ADC block for espressif platforms
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32 // ADC block for espressif platforms
            raw = espAdcRead();
            scaled = esp_adc_cal_raw_to_voltage(raw, adc_characs);
            scaled *= operativeAdcMultiplier;
-#else                     // block for all other platforms
+#else // block for all other platforms
 #ifdef ARCH_NRF52
            concurrency::LockGuard saadcGuard(concurrency::nrf52SaadcLock);
 #endif
@@ -484,14 +447,28 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
    virtual bool isBatteryConnect() override { return getBatteryPercent() != -1; }
 #endif

-    // Detect if an external power source is connected if we don’t have a PMIC;
-    // Firstly prefer EXT_PWR_DETECT GPIO if available,
-    // secondly try an nRF52-specific routine on some variants,
-    // lastly provide a fallback to indicate external power when fully charged.
+    /// If we see a battery voltage higher than physics allows - assume charger is
+    /// pumping in power On some boards we don't have the power management chip
+    /// (like AXPxxxx) so we use EXT_PWR_DETECT GPIO pin to detect external power
+    /// source
    virtual bool isVbusIn() override
    {
 #ifdef EXT_PWR_DETECT
-        return digitalRead(EXT_PWR_DETECT) == EXT_PWR_DETECT_VALUE;
+#if defined(HELTEC_CAPSULE_SENSOR_V3) || defined(HELTEC_SENSOR_HUB)
+        // if external powered that pin will be pulled down
+        if (digitalRead(EXT_PWR_DETECT) == LOW) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        // if it's not LOW - check the battery
+#else
+        // if external powered that pin will be pulled up
+        if (digitalRead(EXT_PWR_DETECT) == HIGH) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        // if it's not HIGH - check the battery
+#endif
+        // If we have an EXT_PWR_DETECT pin and it indicates no external power, believe it.
+        return false;

 // technically speaking this should work for all(?) NRF52 boards
 // but needs testing across multiple devices. NRF52 USB would not even work if
@@ -512,9 +489,9 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
        }
 #endif
 #if defined(ELECROW_ThinkNode_M6)
-        return digitalRead(EXT_CHRG_DETECT) == EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE || isVbusIn();
+        return digitalRead(EXT_CHRG_DETECT) == ext_chrg_detect_value || isVbusIn();
 #elif EXT_CHRG_DETECT
-        return digitalRead(EXT_CHRG_DETECT) == EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE;
+        return digitalRead(EXT_CHRG_DETECT) == ext_chrg_detect_value;
 #elif defined(BATTERY_CHARGING_INV)
        return !digitalRead(BATTERY_CHARGING_INV);
 #else
@@ -553,11 +530,6 @@ class AnalogBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
    bool initial_read_done = false;
    float last_read_value = (OCV[NUM_OCV_POINTS - 1] * NUM_CELLS);
    uint32_t last_read_time_ms = 0;
-#ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
-    // 3300mV placeholder for STM32 errata where VREFINT factory calibration may be missing
-    // (e.g. STM32U0, see DS14756 Rev 3 §2.4.1 "VREFINT offset")
-    uint32_t Vref = 3300;
-#endif

 #if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR && defined(HAS_RAKPROT)

@@ -647,10 +619,14 @@ Power::Power() : OSThread("Power")
 bool Power::analogInit()
 {
 #ifdef EXT_PWR_DETECT
-    pinMode(EXT_PWR_DETECT, EXT_PWR_DETECT_MODE);
+#if defined(HELTEC_CAPSULE_SENSOR_V3) || defined(HELTEC_SENSOR_HUB)
+    pinMode(EXT_PWR_DETECT, INPUT_PULLUP);
+#else
+    pinMode(EXT_PWR_DETECT, INPUT);
+#endif
 #endif
 #ifdef EXT_CHRG_DETECT
-    pinMode(EXT_CHRG_DETECT, EXT_CHRG_DETECT_MODE);
+    pinMode(EXT_CHRG_DETECT, ext_chrg_detect_mode);
 #endif

 #ifdef BATTERY_PIN
@@ -663,9 +639,7 @@ bool Power::analogInit()
 #define BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS 10
 #endif

-#ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
-    analogReadResolution(BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS);
-#elif defined(ARCH_ESP32) // ESP32 needs special analog stuff
+#ifdef ARCH_ESP32 // ESP32 needs special analog stuff

 #ifndef ADC_WIDTH // max resolution by default
    static const adc_bits_width_t width = ADC_WIDTH_BIT_12;
@@ -675,7 +649,7 @@ bool Power::analogInit()
 #ifndef BAT_MEASURE_ADC_UNIT // ADC1
    adc1_config_width(width);
    adc1_config_channel_atten(adc_channel, atten);
-#else                        // ADC2
+#else // ADC2
    adc2_config_channel_atten(adc_channel, atten);
 #ifndef CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3
    // ADC2 wifi bug workaround
@@ -705,7 +679,7 @@ bool Power::analogInit()

    // NRF52 ADC init moved to powerHAL_init in nrf52 platform

-#if !defined(ARCH_ESP32) && !defined(ARCH_STM32WL)
+#ifndef ARCH_ESP32
    analogReadResolution(BATTERY_SENSE_RESOLUTION_BITS);
 #endif

@@ -1002,14 +976,6 @@ int32_t Power::runOnce()
            powerFSM.trigger(EVENT_POWER_CONNECTED);
        }

-#ifdef PMU_POWER_BUTTON_IS_CANCEL
-        // cancel action also turns the screen on and off.
-        if (PMU->isPekeyShortPressIrq()) {
-            LOG_INFO("Input: Corona Button Click");
-            InputEvent event = {.inputEvent = (input_broker_event)INPUT_BROKER_CANCEL, .kbchar = 0, .touchX = 0, .touchY = 0};
-            inputBroker->injectInputEvent(&event);
-        }
-#endif
        /*
        Other things we could check if we cared...

@@ -1026,6 +992,13 @@ int32_t Power::runOnce()
            LOG_DEBUG("Battery removed");
        }
        */
+#ifndef T_WATCH_S3 // FIXME - why is this triggering on the T-Watch S3?
+        if (PMU->isPekeyLongPressIrq()) {
+            LOG_DEBUG("PEK long button press");
+            if (screen)
+                screen->setOn(false);
+        }
+#endif

        PMU->clearIrqStatus();
    }
@@ -1094,7 +1067,7 @@ void Power::attachPowerInterrupts()
    if (PMU) {
        attachInterrupt(
            PMU_IRQ,
-            []() {
+            [] {
                pmu_irq = true;
                power->setIntervalFromNow(0);
                runASAP = true;
@@ -1397,16 +1370,19 @@ bool Power::axpChipInit()
    uint64_t pmuIrqMask = 0;

    if (PMU->getChipModel() == XPOWERS_AXP192) {
-        pmuIrqMask = XPOWERS_AXP192_VBUS_INSERT_IRQ | XPOWERS_AXP192_VBUS_REMOVE_IRQ | XPOWERS_AXP192_PKEY_SHORT_IRQ;
+        pmuIrqMask = XPOWERS_AXP192_VBUS_INSERT_IRQ | XPOWERS_AXP192_BAT_INSERT_IRQ | XPOWERS_AXP192_PKEY_SHORT_IRQ;
    } else if (PMU->getChipModel() == XPOWERS_AXP2101) {
-        pmuIrqMask = XPOWERS_AXP2101_VBUS_INSERT_IRQ | XPOWERS_AXP2101_VBUS_REMOVE_IRQ | XPOWERS_AXP2101_PKEY_SHORT_IRQ;
+        pmuIrqMask = XPOWERS_AXP2101_VBUS_INSERT_IRQ | XPOWERS_AXP2101_BAT_INSERT_IRQ | XPOWERS_AXP2101_PKEY_SHORT_IRQ;
    }

    pinMode(PMU_IRQ, INPUT);

-    // We wake on IRQ, so only enable the IRQs that we care about.
-    // we want USB plug and unplug to update the screen and LED status,
-    // and short press on the power button to trigger the "cancel" action in the UI (which also turns the screen on and off).
+    // we do not look for AXPXXX_CHARGING_FINISHED_IRQ & AXPXXX_CHARGING_IRQ
+    // because it occurs repeatedly while there is no battery also it could cause
+    // inadvertent waking from light sleep just because the battery filled we
+    // don't look for AXPXXX_BATT_REMOVED_IRQ because it occurs repeatedly while
+    // no battery installed we don't look at AXPXXX_VBUS_REMOVED_IRQ because we
+    // don't have anything hooked to vbus
    PMU->enableIRQ(pmuIrqMask);

    PMU->clearIrqStatus();
@@ -1872,7 +1848,7 @@ class SerialBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
    {
 #if defined(EXT_CHRG_DETECT)

-        return digitalRead(EXT_CHRG_DETECT) == EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE;
+        return digitalRead(EXT_CHRG_DETECT) == ext_chrg_detect_value;

 #endif
        return false;
@@ -1881,7 +1857,7 @@ class SerialBatteryLevel : public HasBatteryLevel
    virtual bool isCharging() override
    {
 #ifdef EXT_CHRG_DETECT
-        return digitalRead(EXT_CHRG_DETECT) == EXT_CHRG_DETECT_VALUE;
+        return digitalRead(EXT_CHRG_DETECT) == ext_chrg_detect_value;

 #endif
        // by default, we check the battery voltage only
@@ -1903,10 +1879,10 @@ SerialBatteryLevel serialBatteryLevel;
 bool Power::serialBatteryInit()
 {
 #ifdef EXT_PWR_DETECT
-    pinMode(EXT_PWR_DETECT, EXT_PWR_DETECT_MODE);
+    pinMode(EXT_PWR_DETECT, INPUT);
 #endif
 #ifdef EXT_CHRG_DETECT
-    pinMode(EXT_CHRG_DETECT, EXT_CHRG_DETECT_MODE);
+    pinMode(EXT_CHRG_DETECT, ext_chrg_detect_mode);
 #endif

    bool result = serialBatteryLevel.runOnce();
@@ -58,35 +58,6 @@ static bool isPowered()
    return !isPowerSavingMode && powerStatus && (!powerStatus->getHasBattery() || powerStatus->getHasUSB());
 }

-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
-static void t5BacklightOffForSleep()
-{
-    t5BacklightSetForcedBySleep(true);
-}
-
-static void t5BacklightWakeFromSleep()
-{
-    t5BacklightSetForcedBySleep(false);
-}
-
-static void t5BacklightOffForTimeout()
-{
-    t5BacklightSetForcedByTimeout(true);
-    t5TouchSetForcedByTimeout(true);
-}
-
-static void t5BacklightOnFromUserInput()
-{
-    t5BacklightHandleUserInput();
-    t5TouchHandleUserInput();
-}
-#else
-static void t5BacklightOffForSleep() {}
-static void t5BacklightWakeFromSleep() {}
-static void t5BacklightOffForTimeout() {}
-static void t5BacklightOnFromUserInput() {}
-#endif
-
 static void sdsEnter()
 {
    LOG_POWERFSM("State: SDS");
@@ -116,7 +87,6 @@ static void lsEnter()
    LOG_POWERFSM("lsEnter begin, ls_secs=%u", config.power.ls_secs);
    if (screen)
        screen->setOn(false);
-    t5BacklightOffForSleep();
    secsSlept = 0; // How long have we been sleeping this time

    // LOG_INFO("lsEnter end");
@@ -189,8 +159,6 @@ static void lsIdle()
 static void lsExit()
 {
    LOG_POWERFSM("State: lsExit");
-    // Lift the light-sleep force-off gate when leaving LS.
-    t5BacklightWakeFromSleep();
 }

 static void nbEnter()
@@ -212,8 +180,6 @@ static void darkEnter()
    setBluetoothEnable(true);
    if (screen)
        screen->setOn(false);
-    // Screen timeout enters DARK; ensure backlight also turns off.
-    t5BacklightOffForTimeout();
 }

 static void serialEnter()
@@ -323,13 +289,12 @@ void PowerFSM_setup()
    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateNB, &stateNB, EVENT_PACKET_FOR_PHONE, NULL, "Received packet, resetting win wake");

    // Handle press events - note: we ignore button presses when in API mode
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateLS, &stateON, EVENT_PRESS, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput, "Press");
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateNB, &stateON, EVENT_PRESS, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput, "Press");
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateDARK, isPowered() ? &statePOWER : &stateON, EVENT_PRESS, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput, "Press");
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&statePOWER, &statePOWER, EVENT_PRESS, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput, "Press");
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateON, &stateON, EVENT_PRESS, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput,
-                            "Press"); // reenter On to restart our timers
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateSERIAL, &stateSERIAL, EVENT_PRESS, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput,
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateLS, &stateON, EVENT_PRESS, NULL, "Press");
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateNB, &stateON, EVENT_PRESS, NULL, "Press");
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateDARK, isPowered() ? &statePOWER : &stateON, EVENT_PRESS, NULL, "Press");
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&statePOWER, &statePOWER, EVENT_PRESS, NULL, "Press");
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateON, &stateON, EVENT_PRESS, NULL, "Press"); // reenter On to restart our timers
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateSERIAL, &stateSERIAL, EVENT_PRESS, NULL,
                            "Press"); // Allow button to work while in serial API

    // Handle critically low power battery by forcing deep sleep
@@ -349,13 +314,11 @@ void PowerFSM_setup()
    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateSERIAL, &stateSHUTDOWN, EVENT_SHUTDOWN, NULL, "Shutdown");

    // Inputbroker
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateLS, &stateON, EVENT_INPUT, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput, "Input Device");
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateNB, &stateON, EVENT_INPUT, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput, "Input Device");
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateDARK, &stateON, EVENT_INPUT, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput, "Input Device");
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateON, &stateON, EVENT_INPUT, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput,
-                            "Input Device"); // restarts the sleep timer
-    powerFSM.add_transition(&statePOWER, &statePOWER, EVENT_INPUT, t5BacklightOnFromUserInput,
-                            "Input Device"); // restarts the sleep timer
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateLS, &stateON, EVENT_INPUT, NULL, "Input Device");
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateNB, &stateON, EVENT_INPUT, NULL, "Input Device");
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateDARK, &stateON, EVENT_INPUT, NULL, "Input Device");
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateON, &stateON, EVENT_INPUT, NULL, "Input Device");       // restarts the sleep timer
+    powerFSM.add_transition(&statePOWER, &statePOWER, EVENT_INPUT, NULL, "Input Device"); // restarts the sleep timer

    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateDARK, &stateON, EVENT_BLUETOOTH_PAIR, NULL, "Bluetooth pairing");
    powerFSM.add_transition(&stateON, &stateON, EVENT_BLUETOOTH_PAIR, NULL, "Bluetooth pairing");
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log_to_serial(const char *logLevel, const char *format,
        if (color) {
            ::printf("\u001b[0m");
        }
-        ::printf("| %02d:%02d:%02d %u.%03u ", hour, min, sec, millis() / 1000, millis() % 1000);
+        ::printf("| %02d:%02d:%02d %u ", hour, min, sec, millis() / 1000);
 #else
        printf("%s ", logLevel);
        if (color) {
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ void RedirectablePrint::log_to_serial(const char *logLevel, const char *format,
        if (color) {
            ::printf("\u001b[0m");
        }
-        ::printf("| ??:??:?? %u.%03u ", millis() / 1000, millis() % 1000);
+        ::printf("| ??:??:?? %u ", millis() / 1000);
 #else
        printf("%s ", logLevel);
        if (color) {
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ static File openFile(const char *filename, bool fullAtomic)
 {
    concurrency::LockGuard g(spiLock);
    LOG_DEBUG("Opening %s, fullAtomic=%d", filename, fullAtomic);
+#ifdef ARCH_NRF52
+    FSCom.remove(filename);
+    return FSCom.open(filename, FILE_O_WRITE);
+#endif
    if (!fullAtomic) {
        FSCom.remove(filename); // Nuke the old file to make space (ignore if it !exists)
    }
@@ -63,6 +67,9 @@ bool SafeFile::close()
    f.close();
    spiLock->unlock();

+#ifdef ARCH_NRF52
+    return true;
+#endif
    if (!testReadback())
        return false;

@@ -30,9 +30,6 @@ SerialConsole *console;

 void consoleInit()
 {
-    if (console) {
-        return;
-    }
    auto sc = new SerialConsole(); // Must be dynamically allocated because we are now inheriting from thread

 #if defined(SERIAL_HAS_ON_RECEIVE)
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@

  TX_LOG + RX_LOG = Total air time for a particular meshtastic channel.

-  TX_LOG + RX_ALL_LOG = Total air time for a particular meshtastic channel, including
-                        other lora radios.
+  TX_LOG + RX_LOG = Total air time for a particular meshtastic channel, including
+                    other lora radios.

  RX_ALL_LOG - RX_LOG = Other lora radios on our frequency channel.
 */
@@ -14,11 +14,6 @@ Lock::Lock() : handle(xSemaphoreCreateBinary())
    }
 }

-Lock::~Lock()
-{
-    vSemaphoreDelete(handle);
-}
-
 void Lock::lock()
 {
    if (xSemaphoreTake(handle, portMAX_DELAY) == false) {
@@ -35,8 +30,6 @@ void Lock::unlock()
 #else
 Lock::Lock() {}

-Lock::~Lock() {}
-
 void Lock::lock() {}

 void Lock::unlock() {}
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ class Lock
 {
  public:
    Lock();
-    ~Lock();

    Lock(const Lock &) = delete;
    Lock &operator=(const Lock &) = delete;
@@ -78,11 +78,6 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 // Configuration
 // -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-// Pre-hop drop handling (compile-time flag).
-#ifndef MESHTASTIC_PREHOP_DROP
-#define MESHTASTIC_PREHOP_DROP 1
-#endif
-
 /// Convert a preprocessor name into a quoted string
 #define xstr(s) ystr(s)
 #define ystr(s) #s
@@ -234,7 +229,7 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define BME_ADDR 0x76
 #define BME_ADDR_ALTERNATE 0x77
 #define MCP9808_ADDR 0x18
-#define INA_ADDR 0x40 // same as SHT2X
+#define INA_ADDR 0x40
 #define INA_ADDR_ALTERNATE 0x41
 #define INA_ADDR_WAVESHARE_UPS 0x43
 #define INA3221_ADDR 0x42
@@ -247,8 +242,8 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define LPS22HB_ADDR 0x5C
 #define LPS22HB_ADDR_ALT 0x5D
 #define SFA30_ADDR 0x5D
-#define SHTXX_ADDR 0x44
-#define SHTXX_ADDR_ALT 0x45
+#define SHT31_4x_ADDR 0x44
+#define SHT31_4x_ADDR_ALT 0x45
 #define PMSA003I_ADDR 0x12
 #define QMA6100P_ADDR 0x12
 #define AHT10_ADDR 0x38
@@ -502,7 +497,6 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_POWER_FSM 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TZ 1
-#define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKT_HISTORY_HASH 1
 #endif

 // Turn off all optional modules
@@ -519,7 +513,6 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_REMOTEHARDWARE 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_STOREFORWARD 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TEXTMESSAGE 1
-#define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ATAK 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_CANNEDMESSAGES 1
 #define MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_NEIGHBORINFO 1
@@ -11,8 +11,7 @@ enum LoRaRadioType {
    SX1280_RADIO,
    LR1110_RADIO,
    LR1120_RADIO,
-    LR1121_RADIO,
-    LR2021_RADIO
+    LR1121_RADIO
 };

 extern LoRaRadioType radioType;
@@ -136,9 +136,7 @@ bool ScanI2CTwoWire::i2cCommandResponseLength(ScanI2C::DeviceAddress addr, uint1
    return match;
 }

-#if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_AIR_QUALITY_SENSOR
-// FIXME Move to a separate file for detection of sensors that require more complex interactions?
-// For SEN5X detection
+/// for SEN5X detection
 // Note, this code needs to be called before setting the I2C bus speed
 // for the screen at high speed. The speed needs to be at 100kHz, otherwise
 // detection will not work
@@ -176,46 +174,6 @@ String readSEN5xProductName(TwoWire *i2cBus, uint8_t address)

    return String(productName);
 }
-#endif
-
-#if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR
-bool detectSHT21SerialNumber(TwoWire *i2cBus, uint8_t address)
-{
-
-    i2cBus->beginTransmission(address);
-    i2cBus->write(0xFA);
-    i2cBus->write(0x0F);
-
-    if (i2cBus->endTransmission() != 0)
-        return false;
-
-    if (i2cBus->requestFrom(address, (uint8_t)8) != 8)
-        return false;
-
-    // Just flush the data
-    while (i2cBus->available() < 8) {
-        i2cBus->read();
-    }
-
-    i2cBus->beginTransmission(address);
-    i2cBus->write(0xFC);
-    i2cBus->write(0xC9);
-
-    if (i2cBus->endTransmission() != 0)
-        return false;
-
-    if (i2cBus->requestFrom(address, (uint8_t)6) != 6)
-        return false;
-
-    // Just flush the data
-    while (i2cBus->available() < 6) {
-        i2cBus->read();
-    }
-
-    // Assume we detect the SHT21 if something came back from the request
-    return true;
-}
-#endif

 #define SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(ADDR, T, ...)                                                                                           \
    case ADDR:                                                                                                                   \
@@ -413,47 +371,27 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                break;
 #endif
 #if !defined(M5STACK_UNITC6L)
-            case INA_ADDR: // Same as SHT2X
+            case INA_ADDR:
            case INA_ADDR_ALTERNATE:
-            case INA_ADDR_WAVESHARE_UPS: {
-                uint16_t mfg = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xFE), 2);
+            case INA_ADDR_WAVESHARE_UPS:
+                registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xFE), 2);
+                LOG_DEBUG("Register MFG_UID: 0x%x", registerValue);
+                if (registerValue == 0x5449) {
+                    registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xFF), 2);
+                    LOG_DEBUG("Register DIE_UID: 0x%x", registerValue);

-                LOG_DEBUG("Register MFG_UID: 0x%x", mfg);
-
-                // Only read DIE_UID for vendors we recognize as INA-compatible to avoid
-                // an extra I2C transaction + delay on other devices sharing this address.
-                if (mfg == 0x5449 || mfg == 0x190F) {
-                    uint16_t die = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xFF), 2);
-                    LOG_DEBUG("Register DIE_UID: 0x%x", die);
-
-                    // TI INA226 or fully compatible clones (e.g. TPA626)
-                    if (mfg == 0x5449 && die == 0x2260) {
+                    if (registerValue == 0x2260) {
                        logFoundDevice("INA226", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                        type = INA226;
-                    }
-                    // Silergy SQ52201 (INA226-compatible with different IDs)
-                    else if (mfg == 0x190F && die == 0x0000) {
-                        logFoundDevice("INA226 (SQ52201)", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                        type = INA226;
-                    }
-                    // TI INA260
-                    else if (mfg == 0x5449) {
+                    } else {
                        logFoundDevice("INA260", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                        type = INA260;
                    }
-                }
-#if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_ENVIRONMENTAL_SENSOR
-                if (type == NONE && detectSHT21SerialNumber(i2cBus, (uint8_t)addr.address)) {
-                    logFoundDevice("SHTXX (SHT2X)", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                    type = SHTXX;
-                }
-#endif
-                else { // Assume INA219 if none of the above ones are found
+                } else { // Assume INA219 if INA260 ID is not found
                    logFoundDevice("INA219", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                    type = INA219;
                }
                break;
-            }
            case INA3221_ADDR:
                registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xFE), 2);
                LOG_DEBUG("Register MFG_UID FE: 0x%x", registerValue);
@@ -510,19 +448,22 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                    }
                    break;
                }
-            case SHTXX_ADDR:     // same as OPT3001_ADDR_ALT
-            case SHTXX_ADDR_ALT: // same as OPT3001_ADDR
+            case SHT31_4x_ADDR:     // same as OPT3001_ADDR_ALT
+            case SHT31_4x_ADDR_ALT: // same as OPT3001_ADDR
                if (getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0x7E), 2) == 0x5449) {
                    type = OPT3001;
                    logFoundDevice("OPT3001", (uint8_t)addr.address);
-                } else { // SHTXX
-                    type = SHTXX;
-                    logFoundDevice("SHTXX", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                } else if (i2cCommandResponseLength(addr, 0x89, 6)) { // SHT4x serial number (6 bytes inc. CRC)
+                    type = SHT4X;
+                    logFoundDevice("SHT4X", (uint8_t)addr.address);
+                } else {
+                    type = SHT31;
+                    logFoundDevice("SHT31", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                }

                break;

-                SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(SHTC3_ADDR, SHTXX, "SHTXX", (uint8_t)addr.address)
+                SCAN_SIMPLE_CASE(SHTC3_ADDR, SHTC3, "SHTC3", (uint8_t)addr.address)
            case RCWL9620_ADDR:
                // get MAX30102 PARTID
                registerValue = getRegisterValue(ScanI2CTwoWire::RegisterLocation(addr, 0xFF), 1);
@@ -758,7 +699,6 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                    logFoundDevice("BMX160", (uint8_t)addr.address);
                    break;
                } else {
-#if HAS_TELEMETRY && !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_AIR_QUALITY_SENSOR
                    String prod = "";
                    prod = readSEN5xProductName(i2cBus, addr.address);
                    if (prod.startsWith("SEN55")) {
@@ -774,7 +714,6 @@ void ScanI2CTwoWire::scanPort(I2CPort port, uint8_t *address, uint8_t asize)
                        logFoundDevice("Sensirion SEN50", addr.address);
                        break;
                    }
-#endif
                    if (addr.address == BMX160_ADDR) {
                        type = BMX160;
                        logFoundDevice("BMX160", (uint8_t)addr.address);
@@ -103,14 +103,6 @@ static int32_t gpsSwitch()
    if (gps) {
        int currentState = digitalRead(PIN_GPS_SWITCH);

-        // Respect explicit NOT_PRESENT mode and do not let the hardware switch re-enable GPS.
-        if (config.position.gps_mode == meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_GpsMode_NOT_PRESENT) {
-            gps->disable();
-            lastState = currentState;
-            firstrun = false;
-            return 1000;
-        }
-
        // if the switch is set to zero, disable the GPS Thread
        if (firstrun)
            if (currentState == LOW)
@@ -1025,13 +1017,10 @@ void GPS::up()
    setPowerState(GPS_ACTIVE);
 }

-// We've finished a GPS search cycle (lock or timeout). Enter a low power state, potentially.
+// We've got a GPS lock. Enter a low power state, potentially.
 void GPS::down()
 {
-    if (hasValidLocation)
-        scheduling.informGotLock();
-    else
-        scheduling.informSearchFailed();
+    scheduling.informGotLock();
    uint32_t predictedSearchDuration = scheduling.predictedSearchDurationMs();
    uint32_t sleepTime = scheduling.msUntilNextSearch();
    uint32_t updateInterval = Default::getConfiguredOrDefaultMs(config.position.gps_update_interval);
@@ -1556,12 +1545,7 @@ std::unique_ptr<GPS> GPS::createGps()
        _en_gpio = PIN_GPS_EN;
 #endif
 #ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
-    if (portduino_config.has_gps) {
-        // These need to set as flags so later checks will pass on native and GPS will work.
-        // They are not used for any hardware access.
-        _rx_gpio = 1;
-        _tx_gpio = 1;
-    } else
+    if (!portduino_config.has_gps)
        return nullptr;
 #endif
    if (!_rx_gpio || !_serial_gps) // Configured to have no GPS at all
@@ -15,19 +15,6 @@ void GPSUpdateScheduling::informGotLock()
    searchEndedMs = millis();
    LOG_DEBUG("Took %us to get lock", (searchEndedMs - searchStartedMs) / 1000);
    updateLockTimePrediction();
-    consecutiveFailures = 0; // Drop back to fast cadence as soon as we acquire any fix
-}
-
-// Search finished without obtaining a fix. We still need to mark the end time so
-// the next sleep is timed correctly, but we must not feed the timeout duration
-// into predictedMsToGetLock — doing so poisons msUntilNextSearch() and causes
-// down() to fall into GPS_IDLE, leaving the chip awake on subsequent indoor cycles.
-void GPSUpdateScheduling::informSearchFailed()
-{
-    searchEndedMs = millis();
-    consecutiveFailures++;
-    LOG_DEBUG("GPS search ended without fix after %us (consecutive failures: %u)", (searchEndedMs - searchStartedMs) / 1000,
-              consecutiveFailures);
 }

 // Clear old lock-time prediction data.
@@ -38,7 +25,6 @@ void GPSUpdateScheduling::reset()
    searchEndedMs = 0;
    searchCount = 0;
    predictedMsToGetLock = 0;
-    consecutiveFailures = 0;
 }

 // How many milliseconds before we should next search for GPS position
@@ -50,20 +36,6 @@ uint32_t GPSUpdateScheduling::msUntilNextSearch()
    // Target interval (seconds), between GPS updates
    uint32_t updateInterval = Default::getConfiguredOrDefaultMs(config.position.gps_update_interval, default_gps_update_interval);

-    // After a failed search, back off: indoors / no-sky environments will keep failing,
-    // so wake at most once per broadcast interval rather than once per gps_update_interval.
-    // Capped at 1 hour so a user-configured very-long broadcast interval still retries
-    // periodically (in case conditions change). Reset on any successful lock.
-    if (consecutiveFailures > 0) {
-        constexpr uint32_t failureRetryCapMs = 60UL * 60UL * 1000UL; // 1 hour cap
-        uint32_t failureSleepMs =
-            Default::getConfiguredOrDefaultMs(config.position.position_broadcast_secs, default_broadcast_interval_secs);
-        if (failureSleepMs > failureRetryCapMs)
-            failureSleepMs = failureRetryCapMs;
-        if (updateInterval < failureSleepMs)
-            updateInterval = failureSleepMs;
-    }
-
    // Check how long until we should start searching, to hopefully hit our target interval
    uint32_t dueAtMs = searchEndedMs + updateInterval;
    uint32_t compensatedStart = dueAtMs - predictedMsToGetLock;
@@ -99,18 +71,14 @@ bool GPSUpdateScheduling::isUpdateDue()
 bool GPSUpdateScheduling::searchedTooLong()
 {
    constexpr uint32_t oneMinuteMs = 60UL * 1000UL;
-    constexpr uint32_t maxSearchClampMs = 15UL * oneMinuteMs;   // Hard cap: 15 minutes is always too long
-    constexpr uint32_t postFailureSearchMs = 5UL * oneMinuteMs; // Tighter dwell once we know the environment is hostile
+    constexpr uint32_t maxSearchClampMs = 15UL * oneMinuteMs; // Hard cap: 15 minutes is always too long
    uint32_t elapsed = elapsedSearchMs();

    // Anything over 15 minutes is too long, regardless of the broadcast interval.
+    // TODO: Make a smarter algorithm that backs off the search dwell time when not getting a lock.
    if (elapsed > maxSearchClampMs)
        return true;

-    // After a prior failed search, shorten the dwell
-    if (consecutiveFailures > 0 && elapsed > postFailureSearchMs)
-        return true;
-
    uint32_t minimumOrConfiguredSecs =
        Default::getConfiguredOrMinimumValue(config.position.position_broadcast_secs, default_broadcast_interval_secs);
    uint32_t maxSearchMs = Default::getConfiguredOrDefaultMs(minimumOrConfiguredSecs, default_broadcast_interval_secs);
@@ -8,8 +8,7 @@ class GPSUpdateScheduling
  public:
    // Marks the time of these events, for calculation use
    void informSearching();
-    void informGotLock();      // Predicted lock-time is recalculated here
-    void informSearchFailed(); // Search ended without a fix; prediction is left untouched
+    void informGotLock(); // Predicted lock-time is recalculated here

    void reset();           // Reset the prediction - after GPS::disable() / GPS::enable()
    bool isUpdateDue();     // Is it time to begin searching for a GPS position?
@@ -25,7 +24,6 @@ class GPSUpdateScheduling
    uint32_t searchEndedMs = 0;
    uint32_t searchCount = 0;
    uint32_t predictedMsToGetLock = 0;
-    uint32_t consecutiveFailures = 0; // Count of search cycles that ended without a fix; reset on lock

    const float weighting = 0.2; // Controls exponential smoothing of lock-times prediction. 20% weighting of "latest lock-time".
 };
@@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include "draw/NodeListRenderer.h"
 #include "draw/NotificationRenderer.h"
 #include "draw/UIRenderer.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTColorRegions.h"
 #include "modules/CannedMessageModule.h"

 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_GPS
@@ -55,14 +54,12 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include "gps/RTC.h"
 #include "graphics/ScreenFonts.h"
 #include "graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTPalette.h"
 #include "graphics/emotes.h"
 #include "graphics/images.h"
 #include "input/TouchScreenImpl1.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "mesh-pb-constants.h"
 #include "mesh/Channels.h"
-#include "mesh/Default.h"
 #include "mesh/generated/meshtastic/deviceonly.pb.h"
 #include "modules/ExternalNotificationModule.h"
 #include "modules/TextMessageModule.h"
@@ -71,6 +68,12 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include "target_specific.h"
 extern MessageStore messageStore;

+#if USE_TFTDISPLAY
+extern uint16_t TFT_MESH;
+#else
+uint16_t TFT_MESH = COLOR565(0x67, 0xEA, 0x94);
+#endif
+
 #if HAS_WIFI && !defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
 #include "mesh/wifi/WiFiAPClient.h"
 #endif
@@ -95,7 +98,6 @@ namespace graphics

 // This means the *visible* area (sh1106 can address 132, but shows 128 for example)
 #define IDLE_FRAMERATE 1 // in fps
-#define COMPASS_ACTIVE_FRAMERATE 20

 // DEBUG
 #define NUM_EXTRA_FRAMES 3 // text message and debug frame
@@ -105,27 +107,6 @@ namespace graphics
 // A text message frame + debug frame + all the node infos
 FrameCallback *normalFrames;
 static uint32_t targetFramerate = IDLE_FRAMERATE;
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-static inline void prepareFrameColorRegions()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    clearTFTColorRegions();
-    // Full-frame FrameMono inversion for themes that need it (e.g. light themes).
-    if (isThemeFullFrameInvert()) {
-        setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::FrameMono, getThemeBodyFg(), getThemeBodyBg(), 0, 0, screen->getWidth(),
-                                   screen->getHeight());
-    }
-#endif
-}
-#endif
-
-static inline void updateUiFrame(OLEDDisplayUi *ui)
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    prepareFrameColorRegions();
-#endif
-    ui->update();
-}
 // Global variables for alert banner - explicitly define with extern "C" linkage to prevent optimization

 uint32_t logo_timeout = 5000; // 4 seconds for EACH logo
@@ -154,60 +135,6 @@ static bool heartbeat = false;

 extern bool hasUnreadMessage;

-static inline float wrapHeading360(float heading)
-{
-    if (heading < 0.0f) {
-        heading += 360.0f;
-    } else if (heading >= 360.0f) {
-        heading -= 360.0f;
-    }
-    return heading;
-}
-
-void Screen::setHeading(float heading)
-{
-    const float wrappedHeading = wrapHeading360(heading);
-
-    if (!hasCompass) {
-        hasCompass = true;
-        compassHeading = wrappedHeading;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Interpolate using shortest-path angular delta to avoid jumps around 0/360.
-    float delta = wrappedHeading - compassHeading;
-    if (delta > 180.0f) {
-        delta -= 360.0f;
-    } else if (delta < -180.0f) {
-        delta += 360.0f;
-    }
-
-    // Adaptive filtering:
-    // - Strong damping for tiny deltas (jitter)
-    // - Faster response for larger turns
-    const float absDelta = (delta >= 0.0f) ? delta : -delta;
-    if (absDelta < 1.0f) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    float alpha = 0.35f;
-    if (absDelta > 25.0f) {
-        alpha = 0.85f;
-    } else if (absDelta > 10.0f) {
-        alpha = 0.65f;
-    }
-
-    float step = delta * alpha;
-    const float maxStep = 12.0f;
-    if (step > maxStep) {
-        step = maxStep;
-    } else if (step < -maxStep) {
-        step = -maxStep;
-    }
-
-    compassHeading = wrapHeading360(compassHeading + step);
-}
-
 // ==============================
 // Overlay Alert Banner Renderer
 // ==============================
@@ -244,7 +171,7 @@ void Screen::showOverlayBanner(BannerOverlayOptions banner_overlay_options)
    static OverlayCallback overlays[] = {graphics::UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar, NotificationRenderer::drawBannercallback};
    ui->setOverlays(overlays, sizeof(overlays) / sizeof(overlays[0]));
    ui->setTargetFPS(60);
-    updateUiFrame(ui);
+    ui->update();
 }

 // Called to trigger a banner with custom message and duration
@@ -266,7 +193,7 @@ void Screen::showNodePicker(const char *message, uint32_t durationMs, std::funct
    static OverlayCallback overlays[] = {graphics::UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar, NotificationRenderer::drawBannercallback};
    ui->setOverlays(overlays, sizeof(overlays) / sizeof(overlays[0]));
    ui->setTargetFPS(60);
-    updateUiFrame(ui);
+    ui->update();
 }

 // Called to trigger a banner with custom message and duration
@@ -290,7 +217,7 @@ void Screen::showNumberPicker(const char *message, uint32_t durationMs, uint8_t
    static OverlayCallback overlays[] = {graphics::UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar, NotificationRenderer::drawBannercallback};
    ui->setOverlays(overlays, sizeof(overlays) / sizeof(overlays[0]));
    ui->setTargetFPS(60);
-    updateUiFrame(ui);
+    ui->update();
 }

 void Screen::showTextInput(const char *header, const char *initialText, uint32_t durationMs,
@@ -313,7 +240,7 @@ void Screen::showTextInput(const char *header, const char *initialText, uint32_t
    static OverlayCallback overlays[] = {graphics::UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar, NotificationRenderer::drawBannercallback};
    ui->setOverlays(overlays, sizeof(overlays) / sizeof(overlays[0]));
    ui->setTargetFPS(60);
-    updateUiFrame(ui);
+    ui->update();
 }

 static void drawModuleFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y)
@@ -345,25 +272,10 @@ static void drawModuleFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int
 float Screen::estimatedHeading(double lat, double lon)
 {
    static double oldLat, oldLon;
-    static float b = -1.0f;
-    static uint32_t lastHeadingAtMs = 0;
-    const uint32_t now = millis();
-    const uint32_t gpsUpdateIntervalSecs =
-        Default::getConfiguredOrDefault(config.position.gps_update_interval, default_gps_update_interval);
-    uint32_t effectiveUpdateIntervalSecs = gpsUpdateIntervalSecs;
-    if (config.position.position_broadcast_smart_enabled) {
-        const uint32_t smartMinIntervalSecs = Default::getConfiguredOrDefault(
-            config.position.broadcast_smart_minimum_interval_secs, default_broadcast_smart_minimum_interval_secs);
-        if (smartMinIntervalSecs > effectiveUpdateIntervalSecs) {
-            effectiveUpdateIntervalSecs = smartMinIntervalSecs;
-        }
-    }
-    // Two expected update windows; keep arithmetic 32-bit to avoid pulling in larger 64-bit helpers.
-    const uint32_t headingStaleMs =
-        (effectiveUpdateIntervalSecs > (UINT32_MAX / 2000U)) ? UINT32_MAX : (effectiveUpdateIntervalSecs * 2000U);
+    static float b;

    if (oldLat == 0) {
-        // Need at least two position points before we can infer heading.
+        // just prepare for next time
        oldLat = lat;
        oldLon = lon;

@@ -371,20 +283,12 @@ float Screen::estimatedHeading(double lat, double lon)
    }

    float d = GeoCoord::latLongToMeter(oldLat, oldLon, lat, lon);
-    if (d < 10) { // haven't moved enough, keep previous heading (invalid until first real movement)
-        if (lastHeadingAtMs != 0 && (now - lastHeadingAtMs) >= headingStaleMs) {
-            // Heading is stale after prolonged no-movement; force reacquire.
-            b = -1.0f;
-            oldLat = lat;
-            oldLon = lon;
-        }
+    if (d < 10) // haven't moved enough, just keep current bearing
        return b;
-    }

    b = GeoCoord::bearing(oldLat, oldLon, lat, lon) * RAD_TO_DEG;
    oldLat = lat;
    oldLon = lon;
-    lastHeadingAtMs = now;

    return b;
 }
@@ -405,6 +309,30 @@ Screen::Screen(ScanI2C::DeviceAddress address, meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_O
 {
    graphics::normalFrames = new FrameCallback[MAX_NUM_NODES + NUM_EXTRA_FRAMES];

+    int32_t rawRGB = uiconfig.screen_rgb_color;
+
+    // Only validate the combined value once
+    if (rawRGB > 0 && rawRGB <= 255255255) {
+        LOG_INFO("Setting screen RGB color to user chosen: 0x%06X", rawRGB);
+        // Extract each component as a normal int first
+        int r = (rawRGB >> 16) & 0xFF;
+        int g = (rawRGB >> 8) & 0xFF;
+        int b = rawRGB & 0xFF;
+        if (r >= 0 && r <= 255 && g >= 0 && g <= 255 && b >= 0 && b <= 255) {
+            TFT_MESH = COLOR565(static_cast<uint8_t>(r), static_cast<uint8_t>(g), static_cast<uint8_t>(b));
+        }
+#ifdef TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE
+    } else if (rawRGB == 0) {
+        LOG_INFO("Setting screen RGB color to TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE: 0x%04X", TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE);
+        // Default to TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE if available
+        TFT_MESH = TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE;
+#endif
+    } else {
+        // Default best readable yellow color
+        LOG_INFO("Setting screen RGB color to default: (255,255,128)");
+        TFT_MESH = COLOR565(255, 255, 128);
+    }
+
 #if defined(USE_SH1106) || defined(USE_SH1107) || defined(USE_SH1107_128_64)
    dispdev = new SH1106Wire(address.address, -1, -1, geometry,
                             (address.port == ScanI2C::I2CPort::WIRE1) ? HW_I2C::I2C_TWO : HW_I2C::I2C_ONE);
@@ -467,13 +395,9 @@ Screen::Screen(ScanI2C::DeviceAddress address, meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_O
 #endif

 #if defined(USE_ST7789)
-    // Keep firmware and ST7789 driver region structs layout-compatible:
-    // we pass `graphics::colorRegions` through a type cast below.
-    static_assert(sizeof(graphics::TFTColorRegion) == sizeof(::TFTColorRegion),
-                  "graphics::TFTColorRegion layout must match ST7789 TFTColorRegion");
-    static_cast<ST7789Spi *>(dispdev)->setRGB(TFTPalette::White, (::TFTColorRegion *)colorRegions);
+    static_cast<ST7789Spi *>(dispdev)->setRGB(TFT_MESH);
 #elif defined(USE_ST7796)
-    static_cast<ST7796Spi *>(dispdev)->setRGB(TFTPalette::White);
+    static_cast<ST7796Spi *>(dispdev)->setRGB(TFT_MESH);
 #endif

    ui = new OLEDDisplayUi(dispdev);
@@ -524,11 +448,6 @@ void Screen::handleSetOn(bool on, FrameCallback einkScreensaver)
            delay(100);
 #endif
 #if !ARCH_PORTDUINO
-#if defined(USE_ST7789) && defined(VTFT_CTRL)
-            // Ensure panel power rail is enabled before sending wake commands.
-            pinMode(VTFT_CTRL, OUTPUT);
-            digitalWrite(VTFT_CTRL, LOW);
-#endif
            dispdev->displayOn();
 #endif

@@ -550,6 +469,10 @@ void Screen::handleSetOn(bool on, FrameCallback einkScreensaver)
            ui->init();
 #endif
 #if defined(USE_ST7789) && defined(VTFT_LEDA)
+#ifdef VTFT_CTRL
+            pinMode(VTFT_CTRL, OUTPUT);
+            digitalWrite(VTFT_CTRL, LOW);
+#endif
            ui->init();
 #ifdef ESP_PLATFORM
            analogWrite(VTFT_LEDA, BRIGHTNESS_DEFAULT);
@@ -590,22 +513,23 @@ void Screen::handleSetOn(bool on, FrameCallback einkScreensaver)
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_ST7789
            SPI1.end();
-            // Keep TFT control pins in deterministic states while timed-off.
-            // Floating/default pin states can corrupt panel edge rows on wake.
+#if defined(ARCH_ESP32)
 #ifdef VTFT_LEDA
-            pinMode(VTFT_LEDA, OUTPUT);
-            digitalWrite(VTFT_LEDA, !TFT_BACKLIGHT_ON);
+            pinMode(VTFT_LEDA, ANALOG);
 #endif
 #ifdef VTFT_CTRL
-            pinMode(VTFT_CTRL, OUTPUT);
-            digitalWrite(VTFT_CTRL, HIGH);
+            pinMode(VTFT_CTRL, ANALOG);
+#endif
+            pinMode(ST7789_RESET, ANALOG);
+            pinMode(ST7789_RS, ANALOG);
+            pinMode(ST7789_NSS, ANALOG);
+#else
+            nrf_gpio_cfg_default(VTFT_LEDA);
+            nrf_gpio_cfg_default(VTFT_CTRL);
+            nrf_gpio_cfg_default(ST7789_RESET);
+            nrf_gpio_cfg_default(ST7789_RS);
+            nrf_gpio_cfg_default(ST7789_NSS);
 #endif
-            pinMode(ST7789_RESET, OUTPUT);
-            digitalWrite(ST7789_RESET, HIGH);
-            pinMode(ST7789_RS, OUTPUT);
-            digitalWrite(ST7789_RS, HIGH);
-            pinMode(ST7789_NSS, OUTPUT);
-            digitalWrite(ST7789_NSS, HIGH);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_ST7796
            SPI1.end();
@@ -660,16 +584,16 @@ void Screen::setup()
    static_cast<SH1106Wire *>(dispdev)->setSubtype(7);
 #endif

-#if defined(USE_ST7789)
-    static_assert(sizeof(graphics::TFTColorRegion) == sizeof(::TFTColorRegion),
-                  "graphics::TFTColorRegion layout must match ST7789 TFTColorRegion");
-    static_cast<ST7789Spi *>(dispdev)->setRGB(TFTPalette::White, (::TFTColorRegion *)colorRegions);
+#if defined(USE_ST7789) && defined(TFT_MESH)
+    // Apply custom RGB color (e.g. Heltec T114/T190)
+    static_cast<ST7789Spi *>(dispdev)->setRGB(TFT_MESH);
 #endif
 #if defined(MUZI_BASE)
    dispdev->delayPoweron = true;
 #endif
-#if defined(USE_ST7796)
-    static_cast<ST7796Spi *>(dispdev)->setRGB(TFTPalette::White);
+#if defined(USE_ST7796) && defined(TFT_MESH)
+    // Custom text color, if defined in variant.h
+    static_cast<ST7796Spi *>(dispdev)->setRGB(TFT_MESH);
 #endif

    // Initialize display and UI system
@@ -715,7 +639,7 @@ void Screen::setup()
 #endif
        {
            const char *region = myRegion ? myRegion->name : nullptr;
-            graphics::UIRenderer::drawBootIconScreen(region, display, state, x, y);
+            graphics::UIRenderer::drawIconScreen(region, display, state, x, y);
        }
    };
    ui->setFrames(alertFrames, 1);
@@ -754,9 +678,9 @@ void Screen::setup()
    //  Turn on display and trigger first draw
    handleSetOn(true);
    graphics::currentResolution = graphics::determineScreenResolution(dispdev->height(), dispdev->width());
-    updateUiFrame(ui);
+    ui->update();
 #ifndef USE_EINK
-    updateUiFrame(ui); // Some SSD1306 clones drop the first draw, so run twice
+    ui->update(); // Some SSD1306 clones drop the first draw, so run twice
 #endif
    serialSinceMsec = millis();

@@ -829,7 +753,7 @@ void Screen::forceDisplay(bool forceUiUpdate)
        do {
            startUpdate = millis(); // Handle impossibly unlikely corner case of a millis() overflow..
            delay(10);
-            updateUiFrame(ui);
+            ui->update();
        } while (ui->getUiState()->lastUpdate < startUpdate);

        // Return to normal frame rate
@@ -900,9 +824,9 @@ int32_t Screen::runOnce()
        static FrameCallback bootOEMFrames[] = {graphics::UIRenderer::drawOEMBootScreen};
        static const int bootOEMFrameCount = sizeof(bootOEMFrames) / sizeof(bootOEMFrames[0]);
        ui->setFrames(bootOEMFrames, bootOEMFrameCount);
-        updateUiFrame(ui);
+        ui->update();
 #ifndef USE_EINK
-        updateUiFrame(ui);
+        ui->update();
 #endif
        showingOEMBootScreen = false;
    }
@@ -993,28 +917,15 @@ int32_t Screen::runOnce()

    // this must be before the frameState == FIXED check, because we always
    // want to draw at least one FIXED frame before doing forceDisplay
-    updateUiFrame(ui);
+    ui->update();

    // Switch to a low framerate (to save CPU) when we are not in transition
    // but we should only call setTargetFPS when framestate changes, because
    // otherwise that breaks animations.

-    uint32_t desiredFramerate = IDLE_FRAMERATE;
-#if HAS_GPS && !defined(USE_EINK)
-    if (showingNormalScreen && hasCompass) {
-        const uint8_t currentFrame = ui->getUiState()->currentFrame;
-        if ((framesetInfo.positions.gps != 255 && currentFrame == framesetInfo.positions.gps) ||
-            (framesetInfo.positions.waypoint != 255 && currentFrame == framesetInfo.positions.waypoint) ||
-            (framesetInfo.positions.firstFavorite != 255 && currentFrame >= framesetInfo.positions.firstFavorite &&
-             currentFrame <= framesetInfo.positions.lastFavorite)) {
-            desiredFramerate = COMPASS_ACTIVE_FRAMERATE;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-    if (targetFramerate != desiredFramerate && ui->getUiState()->frameState == FIXED) {
+    if (targetFramerate != IDLE_FRAMERATE && ui->getUiState()->frameState == FIXED) {
        // oldFrameState = ui->getUiState()->frameState;
-        targetFramerate = desiredFramerate;
+        targetFramerate = IDLE_FRAMERATE;

        ui->setTargetFPS(targetFramerate);
        forceDisplay();
@@ -1055,7 +966,7 @@ void Screen::setSSLFrames()
        // LOG_DEBUG("Show SSL frames");
        static FrameCallback sslFrames[] = {NotificationRenderer::drawSSLScreen};
        ui->setFrames(sslFrames, 1);
-        updateUiFrame(ui);
+        ui->update();
    }
 }

@@ -1091,7 +1002,7 @@ void Screen::setScreensaverFrames(FrameCallback einkScreensaver)
    do {
        startUpdate = millis(); // Handle impossibly unlikely corner case of a millis() overflow..
        delay(1);
-        updateUiFrame(ui);
+        ui->update();
    } while (ui->getUiState()->lastUpdate < startUpdate);

 #if defined(USE_EINK_PARALLELDISPLAY)
@@ -1286,7 +1197,7 @@ void Screen::setFrames(FrameFocus focus)
        for (size_t i = 0; i < nodeDB->getNumMeshNodes(); i++) {
            const meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *n = nodeDB->getMeshNodeByIndex(i);
            if (n && n->num != nodeDB->getNodeNum() && n->is_favorite) {
-                favoriteFrames.push_back(graphics::UIRenderer::drawFavoriteNode);
+                favoriteFrames.push_back(graphics::UIRenderer::drawNodeInfo);
            }
        }

@@ -1315,7 +1226,7 @@ void Screen::setFrames(FrameFocus focus)
    static OverlayCallback overlays[] = {graphics::UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar, NotificationRenderer::drawBannercallback};
    ui->setOverlays(overlays, sizeof(overlays) / sizeof(overlays[0]));

-    prevFrame = -1; // Force drawFavoriteNode to pick a new node (because our list just changed)
+    prevFrame = -1; // Force drawNodeInfo to pick a new node (because our list just changed)

    // Focus on a specific frame, in the frame set we just created
    switch (focus) {
@@ -1466,15 +1377,9 @@ void Screen::blink()
    dispdev->setBrightness(254);
    while (count > 0) {
        dispdev->fillRect(0, 0, dispdev->getWidth(), dispdev->getHeight());
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        prepareFrameColorRegions();
-#endif
        dispdev->display();
        delay(50);
        dispdev->clear();
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        prepareFrameColorRegions();
-#endif
        dispdev->display();
        delay(50);
        count = count - 1;
@@ -1608,9 +1513,6 @@ void Screen::setFastFramerate()
 {
 #if defined(M5STACK_UNITC6L)
    dispdev->clear();
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    prepareFrameColorRegions();
-#endif
    dispdev->display();
 #endif
    // We are about to start a transition so speed up fps
@@ -1822,7 +1724,7 @@ int Screen::handleInputEvent(const InputEvent *event)
        static OverlayCallback overlays[] = {graphics::UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar, NotificationRenderer::drawBannercallback};
        ui->setOverlays(overlays, sizeof(overlays) / sizeof(overlays[0]));
        setFastFramerate(); // Draw ASAP
-        updateUiFrame(ui);
+        ui->update();
        return 0;
    }

@@ -1837,7 +1739,7 @@ int Screen::handleInputEvent(const InputEvent *event)
        static OverlayCallback overlays[] = {graphics::UIRenderer::drawNavigationBar, NotificationRenderer::drawBannercallback};
        ui->setOverlays(overlays, sizeof(overlays) / sizeof(overlays[0]));
        setFastFramerate(); // Draw ASAP
-        updateUiFrame(ui);
+        ui->update();

        menuHandler::handleMenuSwitch(dispdev);
        return 0;
@@ -330,11 +330,15 @@ class Screen : public concurrency::OSThread

    // Function to allow the AccelerometerThread to set the heading if a sensor provides it
    // Mutex needed?
-    void setHeading(float heading);
+    void setHeading(long _heading)
+    {
+        hasCompass = true;
+        compassHeading = fmod(_heading, 360);
+    }

    bool hasHeading() { return hasCompass; }

-    float getHeading() { return compassHeading; }
+    long getHeading() { return compassHeading; }

    void setEndCalibration(uint32_t _endCalibrationAt) { endCalibrationAt = _endCalibrationAt; }
    uint32_t getEndCalibration() { return endCalibrationAt; }
@@ -788,4 +792,4 @@ extern std::vector<std::string> functionSymbol;
 extern std::string functionSymbolString;
 extern graphics::Screen *screen;

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
 #include "configuration.h"
 #if HAS_SCREEN
 #include "MeshService.h"
-#include "NodeDB.h"
 #include "RTC.h"
 #include "draw/NodeListRenderer.h"
 #include "graphics/ScreenFonts.h"
 #include "graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTColorRegions.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTPalette.h"
 #include "graphics/draw/UIRenderer.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "meshtastic/config.pb.h"
 #include "modules/ExternalNotificationModule.h"
 #include "power.h"
 #include <OLEDDisplay.h>
-#include <cctype>
 #include <graphics/images.h>

 namespace graphics
@@ -69,12 +65,6 @@ uint32_t lastBlinkShared = 0;
 bool isMailIconVisible = true;
 uint32_t lastMailBlink = 0;

-static inline bool useClockHeaderAccentTheme(uint32_t themeId)
-{
-    return themeId == ThemeID::Pink || themeId == ThemeID::Creamsicle || themeId == ThemeID::MeshtasticGreen ||
-           themeId == ThemeID::ClassicRed || themeId == ThemeID::MonochromeWhite;
-}
-
 // *********************************
 // * Rounded Header when inverted *
 // *********************************
@@ -95,8 +85,7 @@ void drawRoundedHighlight(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w,
 // *************************
 // * Common Header Drawing *
 // *************************
-void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *titleStr, bool force_no_invert, bool show_date,
-                      bool transparent_background, bool use_title_color_override, uint16_t title_color_override)
+void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *titleStr, bool force_no_invert, bool show_date)
 {
    constexpr int HEADER_OFFSET_Y = 1;
    y += HEADER_OFFSET_Y;
@@ -111,93 +100,30 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti

    const int screenW = display->getWidth();
    const int screenH = display->getHeight();
-    const int headerHeight = highlightHeight + 2;
-    const uint16_t headerColorForRoles = getThemeHeaderBg();
-    // Color TFT headers use a fixed dark background + white glyphs.
-    // Keep legacy inverted bitmap behavior only for monochrome displays.
-    const bool useInvertedHeaderStyle = (isInverted && !force_no_invert && !isTFTColoringEnabled() && !transparent_background);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    int statusLeftEndX = 0;
-    int statusRightStartX = screenW;
-    const bool isClockHeader = transparent_background && show_date && (!titleStr || titleStr[0] == '\0');
-    const auto activeThemeId = getActiveTheme().id;
-    const bool useClockHeaderAccent = isClockHeader && useClockHeaderAccentTheme(activeThemeId);
-#endif
-
-    {
-        const uint16_t headerColor = getThemeHeaderBg();
-        const uint16_t headerTextColor = getThemeHeaderText();
-        const uint16_t headerTitleColorForRole = use_title_color_override ? title_color_override : headerTextColor;
-        uint16_t headerStatusColor = getThemeHeaderStatus();
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        // Clock frame uses transparent header + date + empty title.
-        // For accent clock themes (Pink/Creamsicle + classic monochrome), tint
-        // status items (battery outline, %, date, mail icon) to the header accent.
-        if (useClockHeaderAccent) {
-            headerStatusColor = getThemeHeaderBg();
-        }
-
-        if (transparent_background) {
-            // Transparent clock headers should inherit whatever body off-color is
-            // already active under the header (important for light/inverted themes).
-            const uint16_t transparentBgColor = resolveTFTOffColorAt(0, headerHeight + 1, getThemeBodyBg());
-            setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderBackground, transparentBgColor, transparentBgColor, 0, 0, screenW,
-                                       headerHeight);
-            setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderTitle, headerTitleColorForRole, transparentBgColor);
-            setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderStatus, headerStatusColor, transparentBgColor);
-        } else if (useInvertedHeaderStyle) {
-            setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderBackground, headerColor, TFTPalette::Black, 0, 0, screenW,
-                                       headerHeight);
-            setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderTitle, headerColor, headerTitleColorForRole);
-            setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderStatus, headerColor, headerStatusColor);
-        } else {
-            setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderBackground, TFTPalette::Black, headerColor, 0, 0, screenW,
-                                       headerHeight);
-            setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderTitle, headerTitleColorForRole, headerColor);
-            setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::HeaderStatus, headerStatusColor, headerColor);
-        }
-#endif

+    if (!force_no_invert) {
        // === Inverted Header Background ===
-        if (useInvertedHeaderStyle) {
+        if (isInverted) {
            display->setColor(BLACK);
-            display->fillRect(0, 0, screenW, headerHeight);
+            display->fillRect(0, 0, screenW, highlightHeight + 2);
            display->setColor(WHITE);
            drawRoundedHighlight(display, x, y, screenW, highlightHeight, 2);
            display->setColor(BLACK);
        } else {
            display->setColor(BLACK);
-            display->fillRect(0, 0, screenW, headerHeight);
-// Keep the legacy white separator for monochrome displays only when header background is visible.
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-            if (!transparent_background) {
-                display->setColor(WHITE);
-                if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) {
-                    display->drawLine(0, 20, screenW, 20);
-                } else {
-                    display->drawLine(0, 14, screenW, 14);
-                }
-            }
-#endif
-        }
-
-        if (transparent_background) {
+            display->fillRect(0, 0, screenW, highlightHeight + 2);
            display->setColor(WHITE);
+            if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) {
+                display->drawLine(0, 20, screenW, 20);
+            } else {
+                display->drawLine(0, 14, screenW, 14);
+            }
        }

-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        // TFT role coloring expects foreground glyph bits to be "set".
-        display->setColor(WHITE);
-#endif
-
        // === Screen Title ===
        const char *headerTitle = titleStr ? titleStr : "";
        const int titleWidth = UIRenderer::measureStringWithEmotes(display, headerTitle);
        const int titleX = (SCREEN_WIDTH - titleWidth) / 2;
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        const int titleRegionWidth = titleWidth + (config.display.heading_bold ? 3 : 2);
-        registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::HeaderTitle, titleX - 1, y, titleRegionWidth, FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL);
-#endif
        UIRenderer::drawStringWithEmotes(display, titleX, y, headerTitle, FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL, 1, config.display.heading_bold);
    }
    display->setTextAlignment(TEXT_ALIGN_LEFT);
@@ -226,17 +152,6 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti

    bool useHorizontalBattery = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High && screenW >= screenH);
    const int textY = y + (highlightHeight - FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL) / 2;
-    bool hasBatteryFillRegion = false;
-    int16_t batteryFillRegionX = 0;
-    int16_t batteryFillRegionY = 0;
-    int16_t batteryFillRegionW = 0;
-    int16_t batteryFillRegionH = 0;
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    uint16_t batteryFillColor = getThemeBatteryFillColor(chargePercent);
-    if (useClockHeaderAccent) {
-        batteryFillColor = getThemeHeaderBg();
-    }
-#endif

    int batteryX = 1;
    int batteryY = HEADER_OFFSET_Y + 1;
@@ -265,15 +180,6 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
                display->drawLine(batteryX + 5, batteryY + 12, batteryX + 10, batteryY + 12);
                int fillWidth = 14 * chargePercent / 100;
                display->fillRect(batteryX + 1, batteryY + 1, fillWidth, 11);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-                if (fillWidth > 0) {
-                    hasBatteryFillRegion = true;
-                    batteryFillRegionX = batteryX + 1;
-                    batteryFillRegionY = batteryY + 1;
-                    batteryFillRegionW = fillWidth;
-                    batteryFillRegionH = 11;
-                }
-#endif
            }
            batteryX += 18; // Icon + 2 pixels
        } else {
@@ -288,41 +194,21 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
                int fillHeight = 8 * chargePercent / 100;
                int fillY = batteryY - fillHeight;
                display->fillRect(batteryX + 1, fillY + 10, 5, fillHeight);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-                if (fillHeight > 0) {
-                    hasBatteryFillRegion = true;
-                    batteryFillRegionX = batteryX + 1;
-                    batteryFillRegionY = fillY + 10;
-                    batteryFillRegionW = 5;
-                    batteryFillRegionH = fillHeight;
-                }
-#endif
            }
            batteryX += 9; // Icon + 2 pixels
        }
    }
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    statusLeftEndX = batteryX + 2;
-#endif

    if (chargePercent != 101) {
        // === Battery % Display ===
        char chargeStr[4];
        snprintf(chargeStr, sizeof(chargeStr), "%d", chargePercent);
        int chargeNumWidth = display->getStringWidth(chargeStr);
-        const int percentWidth = display->getStringWidth("%");
-        const int percentX = batteryX + chargeNumWidth - 1;
        display->drawString(batteryX, textY, chargeStr);
-        display->drawString(percentX, textY, "%");
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        statusLeftEndX = percentX + percentWidth + 2;
-#endif
+        display->drawString(batteryX + chargeNumWidth - 1, textY, "%");
        if (isBold) {
            display->drawString(batteryX + 1, textY, chargeStr);
-            display->drawString(percentX + 1, textY, "%");
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-            statusLeftEndX = percentX + percentWidth + 3;
-#endif
+            display->drawString(batteryX + chargeNumWidth, textY, "%");
        }
    }

@@ -367,9 +253,6 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
            timeStrWidth = display->getStringWidth(timeStr);
        }
        timeX = screenW - xOffset - timeStrWidth + 3;
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        statusRightStartX = timeX - (useHorizontalBattery ? 22 : 16);
-#endif

        // === Show Mail or Mute Icon to the Left of Time ===
        int iconRightEdge = timeX - 2;
@@ -395,7 +278,7 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
                int iconW = 16, iconH = 12;
                int iconX = iconRightEdge - iconW;
                int iconY = textY + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - iconH) / 2 - 1;
-                if (useInvertedHeaderStyle) {
+                if (isInverted && !force_no_invert) {
                    display->setColor(WHITE);
                    display->fillRect(iconX - 1, iconY - 1, iconW + 3, iconH + 2);
                    display->setColor(BLACK);
@@ -410,7 +293,7 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
            } else {
                int iconX = iconRightEdge - (mail_width - 2);
                int iconY = textY + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - mail_height) / 2;
-                if (useInvertedHeaderStyle) {
+                if (isInverted && !force_no_invert) {
                    display->setColor(WHITE);
                    display->fillRect(iconX - 1, iconY - 1, mail_width + 2, mail_height + 2);
                    display->setColor(BLACK);
@@ -426,7 +309,7 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
                int iconX = iconRightEdge - mute_symbol_big_width;
                int iconY = textY + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - mute_symbol_big_height) / 2;

-                if (useInvertedHeaderStyle) {
+                if (isInverted && !force_no_invert) {
                    display->setColor(WHITE);
                    display->fillRect(iconX - 1, iconY - 1, mute_symbol_big_width + 2, mute_symbol_big_height + 2);
                    display->setColor(BLACK);
@@ -440,7 +323,7 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
                int iconX = iconRightEdge - mute_symbol_width;
                int iconY = textY + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - mail_height) / 2;

-                if (useInvertedHeaderStyle) {
+                if (isInverted && !force_no_invert) {
                    display->setColor(WHITE);
                    display->fillRect(iconX - 1, iconY - 1, mute_symbol_width + 2, mute_symbol_height + 2);
                    display->setColor(BLACK);
@@ -468,9 +351,7 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
    } else {
        // === No Time Available: Mail/Mute Icon Moves to Far Right ===
        int iconRightEdge = screenW - xOffset;
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        statusRightStartX = screenW - (useHorizontalBattery ? 22 : 12);
-#endif
+
        bool showMail = false;

 #ifndef USE_EINK
@@ -512,16 +393,6 @@ void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *ti
            }
        }
    }
-#endif
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::HeaderStatus, 0, 0, statusLeftEndX, headerHeight);
-    if (statusRightStartX < screenW) {
-        registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::HeaderStatus, statusRightStartX, 0, screenW - statusRightStartX, headerHeight);
-    }
-    if (hasBatteryFillRegion) {
-        registerTFTColorRegionDirect(batteryFillRegionX, batteryFillRegionY, batteryFillRegionW, batteryFillRegionH,
-                                     batteryFillColor, headerColorForRoles);
-    }
 #endif
    display->setColor(WHITE); // Reset for other UI
 }
@@ -559,23 +430,14 @@ void drawCommonFooter(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y)
        return;

    const int scale = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? 2 : 1;
-    const int footerY = SCREEN_HEIGHT - (1 * scale) - (connection_icon_height * scale);
-    const int footerH = (connection_icon_height * scale) + (2 * scale);
-    const int iconX = 0;
-    const int iconY = SCREEN_HEIGHT - (connection_icon_height * scale);
-    const int iconW = connection_icon_width * scale;
-    const int iconH = connection_icon_height * scale;
-
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    // Only tint the link glyph itself on TFT; keep the footer background black.
-    setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::ConnectionIcon, TFTPalette::Blue, TFTPalette::Black, iconX, iconY, iconW, iconH);
-#endif
-
    display->setColor(BLACK);
-    display->fillRect(0, footerY, SCREEN_WIDTH, footerH);
+    display->fillRect(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT - (1 * scale) - (connection_icon_height * scale), (connection_icon_width * scale),
+                      (connection_icon_height * scale) + (2 * scale));
    display->setColor(WHITE);
    if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) {
        const int bytesPerRow = (connection_icon_width + 7) / 8;
+        int iconX = 0;
+        int iconY = SCREEN_HEIGHT - (connection_icon_height * 2);

        for (int yy = 0; yy < connection_icon_height; ++yy) {
            const uint8_t *rowPtr = connection_icon + yy * bytesPerRow;
@@ -589,127 +451,65 @@ void drawCommonFooter(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y)
        }

    } else {
-        display->drawXbm(iconX, iconY, connection_icon_width, connection_icon_height, connection_icon);
+        display->drawXbm(0, SCREEN_HEIGHT - connection_icon_height, connection_icon_width, connection_icon_height,
+                         connection_icon);
    }
 }

 bool isAllowedPunctuation(char c)
 {
-    switch (c) {
-    case '.':
-    case ',':
-    case '!':
-    case '?':
-    case ';':
-    case ':':
-    case '-':
-    case '_':
-    case '(':
-    case ')':
-    case '[':
-    case ']':
-    case '{':
-    case '}':
-    case '\'':
-    case '"':
-    case '@':
-    case '#':
-    case '$':
-    case '/':
-    case '\\':
-    case '&':
-    case '+':
-    case '=':
-    case '%':
-    case '~':
-    case '^':
-    case ' ':
-        return true;
-    default:
-        return false;
-    }
+    const std::string allowed = ".,!?;:-_()[]{}'\"@#$/\\&+=%~^ ";
+    return allowed.find(c) != std::string::npos;
 }

-static inline size_t utf8CodePointLength(unsigned char lead)
+static void replaceAll(std::string &s, const std::string &from, const std::string &to)
 {
-    if ((lead & 0x80) == 0x00) {
-        return 1;
+    if (from.empty())
+        return;
+    size_t pos = 0;
+    while ((pos = s.find(from, pos)) != std::string::npos) {
+        s.replace(pos, from.size(), to);
+        pos += to.size();
    }
-    if ((lead & 0xE0) == 0xC0) {
-        return 2;
-    }
-    if ((lead & 0xF0) == 0xE0) {
-        return 3;
-    }
-    if ((lead & 0xF8) == 0xF0) {
-        return 4;
-    }
-    return 1;
 }

 std::string sanitizeString(const std::string &input)
 {
-    static constexpr char kReplacementChar = static_cast<char>(0xBF); // Inverted question mark in ISO-8859-1.
    std::string output;
-    output.reserve(input.size());
    bool inReplacement = false;
-    const size_t inputSize = input.size();
-    size_t i = 0;
-    while (i < inputSize) {
-        const unsigned char byte0 = static_cast<unsigned char>(input[i]);
-        char normalized = '\0';
-        size_t consumed = 0;
-        if (byte0 < 0x80) {
-            normalized = static_cast<char>(byte0);
-            consumed = 1;
-        } else if ((i + 2) < inputSize && byte0 == 0xE2 && static_cast<unsigned char>(input[i + 1]) == 0x80) {
-            // Smart punctuation: ' ' \" \" - -
-            switch (static_cast<unsigned char>(input[i + 2])) {
-            case 0x98:
-            case 0x99:
-                normalized = '\'';
-                consumed = 3;
-                break;
-            case 0x9C:
-            case 0x9D:
-                normalized = '\"';
-                consumed = 3;
-                break;
-            case 0x93:
-            case 0x94:
-                normalized = '-';
-                consumed = 3;
-                break;
-            default:
-                break;
-            }
-        } else if ((i + 1) < inputSize && byte0 == 0xC2 && static_cast<unsigned char>(input[i + 1]) == 0xA0) {
-            // Non-breaking space.
-            normalized = ' ';
-            consumed = 2;
-        }
-        if (consumed == 0) {
-            size_t seqLen = utf8CodePointLength(byte0);
-            if (seqLen > (inputSize - i)) {
-                seqLen = 1;
-            }
+
+    // Make a mutable copy so we can normalize UTF-8 “smart punctuation” into ASCII first.
+    std::string s = input;
+
+    // Curly single quotes: ‘ ’
+    replaceAll(s, "\xE2\x80\x98", "'"); // U+2018
+    replaceAll(s, "\xE2\x80\x99", "'"); // U+2019
+
+    // Curly double quotes: “ ”
+    replaceAll(s, "\xE2\x80\x9C", "\""); // U+201C
+    replaceAll(s, "\xE2\x80\x9D", "\""); // U+201D
+
+    // En dash / Em dash: – —
+    replaceAll(s, "\xE2\x80\x93", "-"); // U+2013
+    replaceAll(s, "\xE2\x80\x94", "-"); // U+2014
+
+    // Non-breaking space
+    replaceAll(s, "\xC2\xA0", " "); // U+00A0
+
+    // Now do your original sanitize pass over the normalized string.
+    for (unsigned char uc : s) {
+        char c = static_cast<char>(uc);
+        if (std::isalnum(uc) || isAllowedPunctuation(c)) {
+            output += c;
+            inReplacement = false;
+        } else {
            if (!inReplacement) {
-                output.push_back(kReplacementChar);
+                output += static_cast<char>(0xBF); // ISO-8859-1 for inverted question mark
                inReplacement = true;
            }
-            i += seqLen;
-            continue;
        }
-        const unsigned char normalizedUc = static_cast<unsigned char>(normalized);
-        if (std::isalnum(normalizedUc) || isAllowedPunctuation(normalized)) {
-            output.push_back(normalized);
-            inReplacement = false;
-        } else if (!inReplacement) {
-            output.push_back(kReplacementChar);
-            inReplacement = true;
-        }
-        i += consumed;
    }
+
    return output;
 }

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once

 #include <OLEDDisplay.h>
-#include <stdint.h>
 #include <string>

 namespace graphics
@@ -53,8 +52,7 @@ void drawRoundedHighlight(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t w,

 // Shared battery/time/mail header
 void drawCommonHeader(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *titleStr = "", bool force_no_invert = false,
-                      bool show_date = false, bool transparent_background = false, bool use_title_color_override = false,
-                      uint16_t title_color_override = 0);
+                      bool show_date = false);

 // Shared battery/time/mail header
 void drawCommonFooter(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y);
@@ -1,819 +0,0 @@
-#include "TFTColorRegions.h"
-#include "NodeDB.h"
-#include "TFTPalette.h"
-
-#include <string.h>
-
-namespace graphics
-{
-TFTColorRegion colorRegions[MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS];
-
-namespace
-{
-
-struct TFTRoleColorsBe {
-    uint16_t onColorBe;
-    uint16_t offColorBe;
-};
-
-static uint8_t colorRegionCount = 0;
-static constexpr uint32_t kFnv1aOffsetBasis = 2166136261u;
-static constexpr uint32_t kFnv1aPrime = 16777619u;
-
-static constexpr uint16_t toBe565(uint16_t color)
-{
-    return static_cast<uint16_t>((color >> 8) | (color << 8));
-}
-
-static constexpr bool kRoleIsBody[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::Count)] = {
-    false, // HeaderBackground
-    false, // HeaderTitle
-    false, // HeaderStatus
-    true,  // SignalBars
-    true,  // ConnectionIcon
-    true,  // UtilizationFill
-    true,  // FavoriteNode
-    true,  // ActionMenuBorder
-    true,  // ActionMenuBody
-    true,  // ActionMenuTitle
-    true,  // FrameMono
-    false, // BootSplash
-    true,  // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-    false, // NavigationBar
-    false  // NavigationArrow
-};
-
-static inline bool isBodyColorRole(TFTColorRole role)
-{
-    return kRoleIsBody[static_cast<size_t>(role)];
-}
-
-static inline bool isMonochromeTheme(uint32_t themeId)
-{
-    return themeId == ThemeID::MeshtasticGreen || themeId == ThemeID::ClassicRed || themeId == ThemeID::MonochromeWhite;
-}
-
-static inline uint16_t getMonochromeAccent(uint32_t themeId)
-{
-    return (themeId == ThemeID::MeshtasticGreen) ? TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen
-           : (themeId == ThemeID::ClassicRed)    ? TFTPalette::ClassicRed
-                                                 : TFTPalette::White;
-}
-
-static inline void replaceColor(uint16_t &value, uint16_t from, uint16_t to)
-{
-    if (value == from) {
-        value = to;
-    }
-}
-
-static inline uint32_t fnv1aAppendByte(uint32_t hash, uint8_t value)
-{
-    return (hash ^ value) * kFnv1aPrime;
-}
-
-static inline uint32_t fnv1aAppendU16(uint32_t hash, uint16_t value)
-{
-    hash = fnv1aAppendByte(hash, static_cast<uint8_t>(value & 0xFF));
-    hash = fnv1aAppendByte(hash, static_cast<uint8_t>((value >> 8) & 0xFF));
-    return hash;
-}
-
-// Compile-time header color overrides (backward-compatible)
-#ifdef TFT_HEADER_BG_COLOR_OVERRIDE
-static constexpr uint16_t kHeaderBackground = TFT_HEADER_BG_COLOR_OVERRIDE;
-#else
-static constexpr uint16_t kHeaderBackground = TFTPalette::DarkGray;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef TFT_HEADER_TITLE_COLOR_OVERRIDE
-static constexpr uint16_t kTitleColor = TFT_HEADER_TITLE_COLOR_OVERRIDE;
-#else
-static constexpr uint16_t kTitleColor = TFTPalette::White;
-#endif
-
-#ifdef TFT_HEADER_STATUS_COLOR_OVERRIDE
-static constexpr uint16_t kStatusColor = TFT_HEADER_STATUS_COLOR_OVERRIDE;
-#else
-static constexpr uint16_t kStatusColor = TFTPalette::White;
-#endif
-
-// Theme definitions
-// Stored in kThemes[] and looked up by matching uiconfig.screen_rgb_color
-// against each entry's .uniqueIdentifier field.
-
-static const TFTThemeDef kThemes[] = {
-
-    // Default Dark (ThemeID::DefaultDark = 0)
-    {
-        ThemeID::DefaultDark, // id
-        "Default Dark",       // name
-        0,                    // uniqueIdentifier
-        // roles[TFTColorRole::Count]
-        {
-            {kHeaderBackground, TFTPalette::Black},    // HeaderBackground
-            {kHeaderBackground, kTitleColor},          // HeaderTitle
-            {kHeaderBackground, kStatusColor},         // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::Good, TFTPalette::Black},     // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::Blue, TFTPalette::Black},     // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::Good, TFTPalette::Black},     // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::Yellow, TFTPalette::Black},   // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::DarkGray, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black},    // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::DarkGray, TFTPalette::White}, // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::White},    // FrameMono
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black},    // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::Yellow, TFTPalette::Black},   // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {kStatusColor, kHeaderBackground},         // NavigationBar  (icon fg, bar bg)
-            {kTitleColor, TFTPalette::Black},          // NavigationArrow (arrow fg, body bg)
-        },
-        TFTPalette::Good,   // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::Medium, // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::Bad,    // batteryFillBad
-        false,              // fullFrameInvert
-        true,               // visible
-    },
-
-    // Default Light (ThemeID::DefaultLight = 1)
-    {
-        ThemeID::DefaultLight, // id
-        "Default Light",       // name
-        1,                     // uniqueIdentifier
-        {
-            {TFTPalette::LightGray, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderBackground
-            {TFTPalette::LightGray, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderTitle
-            {TFTPalette::LightGray, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::Good, TFTPalette::White},      // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::Blue, TFTPalette::White},      // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::Good, TFTPalette::White},      // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::Yellow},    // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::DarkGray, TFTPalette::White},  // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::White},     // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::DarkGray, TFTPalette::Black},  // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::White},     // FrameMono
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black},     // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::Yellow},    // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::LightGray}, // NavigationBar  (icon fg, bar bg)
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::White},     // NavigationArrow (arrow fg, body bg)
-        },
-        TFTPalette::Good,   // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::Medium, // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::Bad,    // batteryFillBad
-        true,               // fullFrameInvert
-        true,               // visible
-    },
-
-    // Christmas (ThemeID::Christmas = 2)
-    {
-        ThemeID::Christmas, // id
-        "Christmas",        // name
-        2,                  // uniqueIdentifier
-        {
-            {TFTPalette::ChristmasRed, TFTPalette::Black},  // HeaderBackground
-            {TFTPalette::ChristmasRed, TFTPalette::Gold},   // HeaderTitle
-            {TFTPalette::ChristmasRed, TFTPalette::Gold},   // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::ChristmasGreen, TFTPalette::Pine}, // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::Gold, TFTPalette::Pine},           // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::ChristmasGreen, TFTPalette::Pine}, // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::Gold, TFTPalette::Pine},           // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::ChristmasRed, TFTPalette::Pine},   // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Pine},          // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::ChristmasRed, TFTPalette::White},  // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Pine, TFTPalette::White},          // FrameMono
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::ChristmasRed},  // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::Gold, TFTPalette::Pine},           // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {TFTPalette::Gold, TFTPalette::ChristmasRed},   // NavigationBar  (icon fg, bar bg)
-            {TFTPalette::Gold, TFTPalette::Pine},           // NavigationArrow (arrow fg, body bg)
-        },
-        TFTPalette::ChristmasGreen, // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::Gold,           // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::ChristmasRed,   // batteryFillBad
-        true,                       // fullFrameInvert
-        false,                      // visible
-    },
-
-    // Pink (ThemeID::Pink = 3) light variant
-    {
-        ThemeID::Pink, // id
-        "Pink",        // name
-        3,             // uniqueIdentifier
-        {
-            {TFTPalette::HotPink, TFTPalette::Black},     // HeaderBackground
-            {TFTPalette::HotPink, TFTPalette::White},     // HeaderTitle
-            {TFTPalette::HotPink, TFTPalette::White},     // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::DeepPink, TFTPalette::PalePink}, // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::HotPink, TFTPalette::PalePink},  // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::DeepPink, TFTPalette::PalePink}, // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::HotPink},     // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::HotPink, TFTPalette::PalePink},  // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::PalePink},    // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::HotPink, TFTPalette::White},     // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::White},       // FrameMono
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::HotPink},     // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::HotPink},     // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::HotPink},     // NavigationBar  (icon fg, bar bg)
-            {TFTPalette::HotPink, TFTPalette::PalePink},  // NavigationArrow (arrow fg, body bg)
-        },
-        TFTPalette::DeepPink, // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::HotPink,  // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::Bad,      // batteryFillBad
-        true,                 // fullFrameInvert
-        true,                 // visible
-    },
-
-    // Blue (ThemeID::Blue = 4) dark variant
-    {
-        ThemeID::Blue, // id
-        "Blue",        // name
-        4,             // uniqueIdentifier
-        {
-            {TFTPalette::DeepBlue, TFTPalette::Black},   // HeaderBackground
-            {TFTPalette::DeepBlue, TFTPalette::White},   // HeaderTitle
-            {TFTPalette::DeepBlue, TFTPalette::SkyBlue}, // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::SkyBlue, TFTPalette::Navy},     // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::SkyBlue, TFTPalette::Navy},     // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::SkyBlue, TFTPalette::Navy},     // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::SkyBlue, TFTPalette::Navy},     // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::DeepBlue, TFTPalette::Navy},    // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Navy},       // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::DeepBlue, TFTPalette::White},   // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Navy, TFTPalette::White},       // FrameMono
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::DeepBlue},   // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::SkyBlue, TFTPalette::Navy},     // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {TFTPalette::SkyBlue, TFTPalette::DeepBlue}, // NavigationBar  (icon fg, bar bg)
-            {TFTPalette::SkyBlue, TFTPalette::Black},    // NavigationArrow (arrow fg, body bg)
-        },
-        TFTPalette::SkyBlue, // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::Medium,  // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::Bad,     // batteryFillBad
-        true,                // fullFrameInvert
-        true,                // visible
-    },
-
-    // Creamsicle (ThemeID::Creamsicle = 5)light variant
-    {
-        ThemeID::Creamsicle, // id
-        "Creamsicle",        // name
-        5,                   // uniqueIdentifier
-        {
-            {TFTPalette::CreamOrange, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderBackground
-            {TFTPalette::CreamOrange, TFTPalette::White}, // HeaderTitle
-            {TFTPalette::CreamOrange, TFTPalette::White}, // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::DeepOrange, TFTPalette::Cream},  // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::CreamOrange, TFTPalette::Cream}, // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::DeepOrange, TFTPalette::Cream},  // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::CreamOrange}, // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::CreamOrange, TFTPalette::Cream}, // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::Cream},       // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::CreamOrange, TFTPalette::White}, // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::White},       // FrameMono
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::CreamOrange}, // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::CreamOrange}, // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::CreamOrange}, // NavigationBar  (icon fg, bar bg)
-            {TFTPalette::CreamOrange, TFTPalette::White}, // NavigationArrow (arrow fg, body bg)
-        },
-        TFTPalette::DeepOrange, // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::Gold,       // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::Bad,        // batteryFillBad
-        true,                   // fullFrameInvert
-        true,                   // visible
-    },
-
-    // Meshtastic Green (ThemeID::MeshtasticGreen = 6) classic monochrome
-    // Pure single-color-on-black look.  Every role maps foreground pixels to
-    // the theme color and background pixels to Black.
-    {
-        ThemeID::MeshtasticGreen, // id
-        "Meshtastic Green",       // name
-        6,                        // uniqueIdentifier
-        {
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderBackground
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderTitle
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen}, // FrameMono (bodyBg, bodyFg)
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // NavigationBar
-            {TFTPalette::MeshtasticGreen, TFTPalette::Black}, // NavigationArrow
-        },
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillBad
-        true,              // fullFrameInvert
-        true,              // visible
-    },
-
-    // Classic Red (ThemeID::ClassicRed = 7) classic monochrome
-    {
-        ThemeID::ClassicRed, // id
-        "Classic Red",       // name
-        7,                   // uniqueIdentifier
-        {
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderBackground
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderTitle
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::ClassicRed}, // FrameMono (bodyBg, bodyFg)
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // NavigationBar
-            {TFTPalette::ClassicRed, TFTPalette::Black}, // NavigationArrow
-        },
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillBad
-        true,              // fullFrameInvert
-        true,              // visible
-    },
-
-    // Monochrome White (ThemeID::MonochromeWhite = 8) classic monochrome
-    {
-        ThemeID::MonochromeWhite, // id
-        "Monochrome White",       // name
-        8,                        // uniqueIdentifier
-        {
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderBackground
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderTitle
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // HeaderStatus
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // SignalBars
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // ConnectionIcon
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // UtilizationFill
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // FavoriteNode
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuBorder
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuBody
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // ActionMenuTitle
-            {TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::White}, // FrameMono (bodyBg, bodyFg)
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // BootSplash
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // NavigationBar
-            {TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black}, // NavigationArrow
-        },
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillGood
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillMedium
-        TFTPalette::Black, // batteryFillBad
-        true,              // fullFrameInvert
-        true,              // visible
-    },
-};
-
-static constexpr size_t kInternalThemeCount = sizeof(kThemes) / sizeof(kThemes[0]);
-
-// Resolve the kThemes[] index for the currently persisted theme.  Called at
-// boot (indirectly via getActiveTheme()) and whenever the active theme is
-// queried, so uiconfig.screen_rgb_color remains the single source of truth.
-// Matches against .uniqueIdentifier - that's the field whose value is stored
-// in the user's config.  Falls back to 0 (DefaultDark) if no match is found,
-// which gracefully handles removed or retired themes.
-static inline size_t resolveThemeIndex()
-{
-    const uint32_t savedIdentifier = uiconfig.screen_rgb_color & 0x1F;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < kInternalThemeCount; i++) {
-        if (kThemes[i].uniqueIdentifier == savedIdentifier)
-            return i;
-    }
-    return 0; // Default Dark fallback
-}
-
-static inline bool normalizeRegion(int16_t &x, int16_t &y, int16_t &width, int16_t &height)
-{
-    if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (x < 0) {
-        width += x;
-        x = 0;
-    }
-    if (y < 0) {
-        height += y;
-        y = 0;
-    }
-
-    return width > 0 && height > 0;
-}
-
-static inline void appendColorRegion(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t width, int16_t height, uint16_t onColorBe, uint16_t offColorBe)
-{
-    // Keep the last slot permanently disabled as a sentinel for ST7789 scans.
-    // This leaves MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS - 1 usable entries.
-    if (colorRegionCount >= MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS - 1) {
-        memmove(&colorRegions[0], &colorRegions[1], sizeof(TFTColorRegion) * (MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS - 2));
-        colorRegionCount = MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS - 2;
-    }
-
-    TFTColorRegion &region = colorRegions[colorRegionCount++];
-    region.x = x;
-    region.y = y;
-    region.width = width;
-    region.height = height;
-    region.onColorBe = onColorBe;
-    region.offColorBe = offColorBe;
-    region.enabled = true;
-
-    // Keep one disabled sentinel after the active range for ST7789 countColorRegions().
-    if (colorRegionCount < MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS) {
-        colorRegions[colorRegionCount].enabled = false;
-    }
-    colorRegions[MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS - 1].enabled = false;
-}
-
-// Current working role colors (big-endian).  Initialised to Dark defaults;
-// call loadThemeDefaults() after boot / theme change to refresh.
-static TFTRoleColorsBe roleColors[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::Count)] = {
-    {toBe565(kHeaderBackground), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)},    // HeaderBackground
-    {toBe565(kHeaderBackground), toBe565(kTitleColor)},          // HeaderTitle
-    {toBe565(kHeaderBackground), toBe565(kStatusColor)},         // HeaderStatus
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::Good), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)},     // SignalBars
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::Blue), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)},     // ConnectionIcon
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::Good), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)},     // UtilizationFill
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::Yellow), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)},   // FavoriteNode
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::DarkGray), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)}, // ActionMenuBorder
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::White), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)},    // ActionMenuBody
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::DarkGray), toBe565(TFTPalette::White)}, // ActionMenuTitle
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::Black), toBe565(TFTPalette::White)},    // FrameMono
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::White), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)},    // BootSplash
-    {toBe565(TFTPalette::Yellow), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)},   // FavoriteNodeBGHighlight
-    {toBe565(kStatusColor), toBe565(kHeaderBackground)},         // NavigationBar
-    {toBe565(kTitleColor), toBe565(TFTPalette::Black)}           // NavigationArrow
-};
-
-} // namespace
-
-// Theme accessors
-
-const TFTThemeDef &getActiveTheme()
-{
-    return kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()];
-}
-
-// Visible-theme accessors
-// These iterate only themes flagged .visible = true, preserving kThemes[]
-// order.  Menu code should use these so hidden themes don't appear in the
-// picker while still applying correctly if their ID is persisted.
-
-size_t getVisibleThemeCount()
-{
-    size_t count = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < kInternalThemeCount; i++) {
-        if (kThemes[i].visible)
-            count++;
-    }
-    return count;
-}
-
-const TFTThemeDef &getVisibleThemeByIndex(size_t visibleIndex)
-{
-    size_t seen = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < kInternalThemeCount; i++) {
-        if (!kThemes[i].visible)
-            continue;
-        if (seen == visibleIndex)
-            return kThemes[i];
-        seen++;
-    }
-    // Fallback: return first theme (never trust a bad index).
-    return kThemes[0];
-}
-
-size_t getActiveVisibleThemeIndex()
-{
-    const size_t active = resolveThemeIndex();
-    if (!kThemes[active].visible)
-        return SIZE_MAX;
-    size_t visibleIdx = 0;
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < active; i++) {
-        if (kThemes[i].visible)
-            visibleIdx++;
-    }
-    return visibleIdx;
-}
-
-uint16_t getThemeHeaderBg()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-#ifdef TFT_HEADER_BG_COLOR_OVERRIDE
-    return TFT_HEADER_BG_COLOR_OVERRIDE;
-#else
-    return kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()].roles[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::HeaderBackground)].onColor;
-#endif
-#else
-    return TFTPalette::DarkGray;
-#endif
-}
-
-uint16_t getThemeHeaderText()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-#ifdef TFT_HEADER_TITLE_COLOR_OVERRIDE
-    return TFT_HEADER_TITLE_COLOR_OVERRIDE;
-#else
-    return kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()].roles[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::HeaderTitle)].offColor;
-#endif
-#else
-    return TFTPalette::White;
-#endif
-}
-
-uint16_t getThemeHeaderStatus()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-#ifdef TFT_HEADER_STATUS_COLOR_OVERRIDE
-    return TFT_HEADER_STATUS_COLOR_OVERRIDE;
-#else
-    return kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()].roles[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::HeaderStatus)].offColor;
-#endif
-#else
-    return TFTPalette::White;
-#endif
-}
-
-uint16_t getThemeBodyBg()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()].roles[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::FrameMono)].onColor;
-#else
-    return TFTPalette::Black;
-#endif
-}
-
-uint16_t getThemeBodyFg()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()].roles[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::FrameMono)].offColor;
-#else
-    return TFTPalette::White;
-#endif
-}
-
-bool isThemeFullFrameInvert()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()].fullFrameInvert;
-#else
-    return false;
-#endif
-}
-
-uint16_t getThemeBatteryFillColor(int batteryPercent)
-{
-    const TFTThemeDef &theme = kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()];
-    if (batteryPercent <= 20) {
-        return theme.batteryFillBad;
-    }
-    if (batteryPercent <= 50) {
-        return theme.batteryFillMedium;
-    }
-    return theme.batteryFillGood;
-}
-
-void loadThemeDefaults()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    const TFTThemeDef &theme = kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()];
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < static_cast<uint8_t>(TFTColorRole::Count); i++) {
-        roleColors[i].onColorBe = toBe565(theme.roles[i].onColor);
-        roleColors[i].offColorBe = toBe565(theme.roles[i].offColor);
-    }
-#endif
-}
-
-// Role color assignment with theme-aware transforms
-
-void setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole role, uint16_t onColor, uint16_t offColor)
-{
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return;
-#endif
-
-    const uint8_t index = static_cast<uint8_t>(role);
-    if (index >= static_cast<uint8_t>(TFTColorRole::Count)) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    const uint32_t themeId = uiconfig.screen_rgb_color & 0x1F;
-    const bool isHighlightRole = (role == TFTColorRole::FavoriteNode || role == TFTColorRole::FavoriteNodeBGHighlight);
-    const bool isBodyRole = !isHighlightRole && isBodyColorRole(role);
-
-    // Classic monochrome themes collapse all non-black accents into one tone.
-    if (isMonochromeTheme(themeId)) {
-        if (onColor != TFTPalette::Black) {
-            onColor = getMonochromeAccent(themeId);
-        }
-    } else {
-        switch (themeId) {
-        case ThemeID::DefaultLight:
-            if (isHighlightRole) {
-                // High-contrast highlight chips on light UI.
-                onColor = TFTPalette::Black;
-                offColor = TFTPalette::Yellow;
-            } else if (isBodyRole) {
-                // Invert body colors for readability on white frames.
-                if (offColor == TFTPalette::Black && role != TFTColorRole::ActionMenuTitle) {
-                    offColor = TFTPalette::White;
-                }
-                replaceColor(onColor, TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black);
-            }
-            break;
-        case ThemeID::Christmas:
-            if (isHighlightRole || isBodyRole) {
-                replaceColor(onColor, TFTPalette::Yellow, TFTPalette::Gold);
-                replaceColor(offColor, TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::Pine);
-            }
-            break;
-        case ThemeID::Pink:
-            if (isHighlightRole) {
-                onColor = TFTPalette::Black;
-                offColor = TFTPalette::HotPink;
-            } else if (isBodyRole) {
-                replaceColor(offColor, TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::PalePink);
-                replaceColor(onColor, TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black);
-                replaceColor(onColor, TFTPalette::Yellow, TFTPalette::DeepPink);
-            }
-            break;
-        case ThemeID::Creamsicle:
-            if (isHighlightRole) {
-                onColor = TFTPalette::Black;
-                offColor = TFTPalette::CreamOrange;
-            } else if (isBodyRole) {
-                replaceColor(offColor, TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::Cream);
-                replaceColor(onColor, TFTPalette::White, TFTPalette::Black);
-                replaceColor(onColor, TFTPalette::Yellow, TFTPalette::DeepOrange);
-            }
-            break;
-        case ThemeID::Blue:
-            if (isHighlightRole || isBodyRole) {
-                replaceColor(onColor, TFTPalette::Yellow, TFTPalette::SkyBlue);
-                replaceColor(offColor, TFTPalette::Black, TFTPalette::Navy);
-            }
-            break;
-        default:
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    roleColors[index].onColorBe = toBe565(onColor);
-    roleColors[index].offColorBe = toBe565(offColor);
-}
-
-// Region registration
-
-void registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole role, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t width, int16_t height)
-{
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return;
-#endif
-
-    const uint8_t roleIndex = static_cast<uint8_t>(role);
-    if (roleIndex >= static_cast<uint8_t>(TFTColorRole::Count)) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!normalizeRegion(x, y, width, height)) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    const TFTRoleColorsBe &colors = roleColors[roleIndex];
-    appendColorRegion(x, y, width, height, colors.onColorBe, colors.offColorBe);
-}
-
-void setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole role, uint16_t onColor, uint16_t offColor, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t width,
-                                int16_t height)
-{
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    (void)role;
-    (void)onColor;
-    (void)offColor;
-    (void)x;
-    (void)y;
-    (void)width;
-    (void)height;
-    return;
-#else
-    setTFTColorRole(role, onColor, offColor);
-    registerTFTColorRegion(role, x, y, width, height);
-#endif
-}
-
-void registerTFTColorRegionDirect(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t width, int16_t height, uint16_t onColor, uint16_t offColor)
-{
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return;
-#endif
-
-    if (!normalizeRegion(x, y, width, height))
-        return;
-
-    appendColorRegion(x, y, width, height, toBe565(onColor), toBe565(offColor));
-}
-
-void registerTFTActionMenuRegions(int16_t boxLeft, int16_t boxTop, int16_t boxWidth, int16_t boxHeight)
-{
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    (void)boxLeft;
-    (void)boxTop;
-    (void)boxWidth;
-    (void)boxHeight;
-    return;
-#else
-    // Use theme-appropriate menu colors.
-    const TFTThemeDef &theme = kThemes[resolveThemeIndex()];
-    const TFTThemeRoleColor &menuBody = theme.roles[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody)];
-    const TFTThemeRoleColor &menuBorder = theme.roles[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBorder)];
-
-    // Fill role includes a 1px shadow guard so stale frame edges are overwritten uniformly.
-    setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, menuBody.onColor, menuBody.offColor, boxLeft - 1, boxTop - 1,
-                               boxWidth + 2, boxHeight + 2);
-    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, boxLeft, boxTop - 2, boxWidth, 1);
-    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, boxLeft, boxTop + boxHeight + 1, boxWidth, 1);
-    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, boxLeft - 2, boxTop, 1, boxHeight);
-    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, boxLeft + boxWidth + 1, boxTop, 1, boxHeight);
-
-    setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBorder, menuBorder.onColor, menuBorder.offColor, boxLeft, boxTop, boxWidth,
-                               1);
-    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBorder, boxLeft, boxTop + boxHeight - 1, boxWidth, 1);
-    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBorder, boxLeft, boxTop, 1, boxHeight);
-    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBorder, boxLeft + boxWidth - 1, boxTop, 1, boxHeight);
-#endif
-}
-
-// Frame signature & utilities
-
-uint32_t getTFTColorFrameSignature()
-{
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return 0;
-#else
-    uint32_t hash = kFnv1aOffsetBasis;
-    hash = fnv1aAppendByte(hash, colorRegionCount);
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < colorRegionCount; i++) {
-        const TFTColorRegion &r = colorRegions[i];
-        hash = fnv1aAppendU16(hash, static_cast<uint16_t>(r.x));
-        hash = fnv1aAppendU16(hash, static_cast<uint16_t>(r.y));
-        hash = fnv1aAppendU16(hash, static_cast<uint16_t>(r.width));
-        hash = fnv1aAppendU16(hash, static_cast<uint16_t>(r.height));
-        hash = fnv1aAppendU16(hash, r.onColorBe);
-        hash = fnv1aAppendU16(hash, r.offColorBe);
-    }
-
-    return hash;
-#endif
-}
-
-uint8_t getTFTColorRegionCount()
-{
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return 0;
-#else
-    return colorRegionCount;
-#endif
-}
-
-void clearTFTColorRegions()
-{
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < colorRegionCount; i++) {
-        colorRegions[i].enabled = false;
-    }
-    if (colorRegionCount < MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS) {
-        colorRegions[colorRegionCount].enabled = false;
-    }
-    colorRegionCount = 0;
-}
-
-uint16_t resolveTFTColorPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, bool isset, uint16_t defaultOnColor, uint16_t defaultOffColor)
-{
-    for (int i = static_cast<int>(colorRegionCount) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-        const TFTColorRegion &r = colorRegions[i];
-        if (x >= r.x && x < r.x + r.width && y >= r.y && y < r.y + r.height) {
-            return isset ? r.onColorBe : r.offColorBe;
-        }
-    }
-    return isset ? defaultOnColor : defaultOffColor;
-}
-
-uint16_t resolveTFTOffColorAt(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t defaultOffColor)
-{
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    (void)x;
-    (void)y;
-    return defaultOffColor;
-#else
-    const uint16_t defaultOffBe = toBe565(defaultOffColor);
-    const uint16_t sampledBe = resolveTFTColorPixel(x, y, false, defaultOffBe, defaultOffBe);
-    return static_cast<uint16_t>((sampledBe >> 8) | (sampledBe << 8));
-#endif
-}
-
-} // namespace graphics
@@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "configuration.h"
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-namespace graphics
-{
-
-struct TFTColorRegion {
-    int16_t x;
-    int16_t y;
-    int16_t width;
-    int16_t height;
-    uint16_t onColorBe;
-    uint16_t offColorBe;
-    // Required by ST7789 driver: it scans until the first disabled entry.
-    bool enabled = false;
-};
-
-static constexpr size_t MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS = 48;
-extern TFTColorRegion colorRegions[MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS];
-
-enum class TFTColorRole : uint8_t {
-    HeaderBackground = 0,
-    HeaderTitle,
-    HeaderStatus,
-    SignalBars,
-    ConnectionIcon,
-    UtilizationFill,
-    FavoriteNode,
-    ActionMenuBorder,
-    ActionMenuBody,
-    ActionMenuTitle,
-    FrameMono,
-    BootSplash,
-    FavoriteNodeBGHighlight,
-    NavigationBar,
-    NavigationArrow,
-    Count
-};
-
-#if HAS_TFT || defined(ST7701_CS) || defined(ST7735_CS) || defined(ILI9341_DRIVER) || defined(ILI9342_DRIVER) ||                 \
-    defined(ST7789_CS) || defined(HX8357_CS) || defined(USE_ST7789) || defined(ILI9488_CS) || defined(ST7796_CS) ||              \
-    defined(USE_ST7796) || defined(HACKADAY_COMMUNICATOR)
-#define GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED 1
-#else
-#define GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED 0
-#endif
-
-static constexpr bool kTFTColoringEnabled = GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED != 0;
-constexpr bool isTFTColoringEnabled()
-{
-    return kTFTColoringEnabled;
-}
-
-void setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole role, uint16_t onColor, uint16_t offColor);
-void registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole role, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t width, int16_t height);
-// Convenience helper for the common "set role then register one region" flow.
-void setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole role, uint16_t onColor, uint16_t offColor, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t width,
-                                int16_t height);
-// Register a region using explicit colors (no role lookup). Use when the
-// color comes from a theme field rather than a role (e.g. battery fill).
-void registerTFTColorRegionDirect(int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t width, int16_t height, uint16_t onColor, uint16_t offColor);
-void registerTFTActionMenuRegions(int16_t boxLeft, int16_t boxTop, int16_t boxWidth, int16_t boxHeight);
-uint32_t getTFTColorFrameSignature();
-uint8_t getTFTColorRegionCount();
-void clearTFTColorRegions();
-uint16_t resolveTFTColorPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, bool isset, uint16_t defaultOnColor, uint16_t defaultOffColor);
-// Resolve effective region-mapped OFF color at a coordinate in native-endian RGB565.
-uint16_t resolveTFTOffColorAt(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint16_t defaultOffColor);
-
-// -- Theme engine ------------------------------------------------------
-// Each theme has four fields that work together:
-//
-//   id               - ThemeID:: constant, used for in-code references.
-//   name             - human-readable label shown in the theme picker.
-//   uniqueIdentifier - the stable numeric value persisted to
-//                      uiconfig.screen_rgb_color and restored at boot.
-//                      This is a CONTRACT with saved configs on disk - once
-//                      assigned, never reuse or renumber, even if the theme is
-//                      deleted or the kThemes[] array is reordered.
-//   visible          - controls whether a theme appears in the picker menu.
-//                      Hidden themes can still be restored and applied if their
-//                      uniqueIdentifier is persisted.
-//
-// Display order in the menu is controlled by kThemes[] array order among
-// themes where visible == true, NOT by any numeric value above.
-//
-// To add a new theme:
-//   1. Add a unique constant in ThemeID below (next unused value).
-//   2. Add a kThemes[] entry at the desired menu position, with a unique
-//      uniqueIdentifier that has never been used by any prior theme.
-//   3. Set visible=true if it should appear in the picker.
-//
-// To retire a theme without breaking saved configs:
-//   - Preferred: keep the entry and set visible=false so existing saved
-//     uniqueIdentifier values still resolve to the same theme.
-//   - If you remove the entry, resolveThemeIndex() falls back to DefaultDark
-//     when the persisted uniqueIdentifier no longer matches any theme.
-//   - Do NOT reuse a retired uniqueIdentifier for a future theme.
-namespace ThemeID
-{
-constexpr uint32_t DefaultDark = 0;
-constexpr uint32_t DefaultLight = 1;
-constexpr uint32_t Christmas = 2;
-constexpr uint32_t Pink = 3;
-constexpr uint32_t Blue = 4;
-constexpr uint32_t Creamsicle = 5;
-constexpr uint32_t MeshtasticGreen = 6;
-constexpr uint32_t ClassicRed = 7;
-constexpr uint32_t MonochromeWhite = 8;
-} // namespace ThemeID
-
-// Per-role color pair stored in native (little-endian) RGB565 format.
-struct TFTThemeRoleColor {
-    uint16_t onColor;
-    uint16_t offColor;
-};
-
-// Complete theme definition.
-struct TFTThemeDef {
-    uint32_t id;               // ThemeID constant - in-code identifier for this theme.
-    const char *name;          // Human-readable label shown in the theme picker.
-    uint32_t uniqueIdentifier; // Stable persisted value copied into uiconfig.screen_rgb_color.
-                               // Never reuse or renumber - see file-level notes above.
-    TFTThemeRoleColor roles[static_cast<size_t>(TFTColorRole::Count)];
-    uint16_t batteryFillGood;
-    uint16_t batteryFillMedium;
-    uint16_t batteryFillBad;
-    bool fullFrameInvert; // Apply full-frame FrameMono inversion (ST7789 light themes)
-    bool visible;         // Show in the theme picker menu.  Hidden themes still apply
-                          // correctly if their uniqueIdentifier is persisted (dev/legacy themes).
-};
-
-// Count of themes whose .visible flag is true.  Use this when building menus.
-size_t getVisibleThemeCount();
-
-// Access the Nth visible theme (0 .. getVisibleThemeCount()-1).  Hidden themes
-// are skipped, preserving kThemes[] order among the visible entries.
-const TFTThemeDef &getVisibleThemeByIndex(size_t visibleIndex);
-
-// Return the theme that matches uiconfig.screen_rgb_color (falls back to Dark).
-const TFTThemeDef &getActiveTheme();
-
-// Return the visible-theme index for the currently active theme, or SIZE_MAX
-// if the active theme is hidden (so menus can show "no selection").
-size_t getActiveVisibleThemeIndex();
-
-// Convenience accessors - safe to call even when coloring is compiled out.
-uint16_t getThemeHeaderBg();
-uint16_t getThemeHeaderText();
-uint16_t getThemeHeaderStatus();
-uint16_t getThemeBodyBg();
-uint16_t getThemeBodyFg();
-bool isThemeFullFrameInvert();
-uint16_t getThemeBatteryFillColor(int batteryPercent);
-
-// Reinitialise default roleColors from the active theme.  Call after a
-// theme change so that any role registered without a prior setTFTColorRole()
-// picks up theme-appropriate defaults.
-void loadThemeDefaults();
-
-} // namespace graphics
@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@
 extern SX1509 gpioExtender;
 #endif

+#ifdef TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE
+uint16_t TFT_MESH = TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE;
+#else
+uint16_t TFT_MESH = COLOR565(0x67, 0xEA, 0x94);
+#endif
+
 #if defined(ST7735S)
 #include <LovyanGFX.hpp> // Graphics and font library for ST7735 driver chip

@@ -1145,9 +1151,7 @@ static LGFX *tft = nullptr;
 #endif

 #include "SPILock.h"
-#include "TFTColorRegions.h"
 #include "TFTDisplay.h"
-#include "TFTPalette.h"
 #include <SPI.h>

 #ifdef UNPHONE
@@ -1157,25 +1161,6 @@ extern unPhone unphone;

 GpioPin *TFTDisplay::backlightEnable = NULL;

-namespace
-{
-static constexpr uint8_t kFullRepaintChunkRows = 8;
-
-static inline uint16_t getThemeDefaultOnColor()
-{
-    return graphics::TFTPalette::White;
-}
-
-static inline uint16_t getThemeDefaultOffColor()
-{
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    return graphics::getThemeBodyBg();
-#else
-    return TFT_BLACK;
-#endif
-}
-} // namespace
-
 TFTDisplay::TFTDisplay(uint8_t address, int sda, int scl, OLEDDISPLAY_GEOMETRY geometry, HW_I2C i2cBus)
 {
    LOG_DEBUG("TFTDisplay!");
@@ -1215,15 +1200,14 @@ TFTDisplay::~TFTDisplay()
        free(linePixelBuffer);
        linePixelBuffer = nullptr;
    }
-    if (repaintChunkBuffer != nullptr) {
-        free(repaintChunkBuffer);
-        repaintChunkBuffer = nullptr;
-    }
 }

 // Write the buffer to the display memory
 void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)
 {
+    if (fromBlank)
+        tft->fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);
+
    concurrency::LockGuard g(spiLock);

    uint32_t x, y;
@@ -1232,70 +1216,12 @@ void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)
    uint32_t x_FirstPixelUpdate;
    uint32_t x_LastPixelUpdate;
    bool isset, dblbuf_isset;
-    uint16_t colorTftWhite, colorTftBlack;
+    uint16_t colorTftMesh, colorTftBlack;
    bool somethingChanged = false;

-    // Theme defaults for non-role pixels.
-    const uint16_t defaultOnColor = getThemeDefaultOnColor();
-    const uint16_t defaultOffColor = getThemeDefaultOffColor();
-    static uint16_t lastDefaultOnColor = 0;
-    static uint16_t lastDefaultOffColor = 0;
-    static bool haveLastDefaults = false;
-    const bool themeDefaultsChanged =
-        !haveLastDefaults || (defaultOnColor != lastDefaultOnColor) || (defaultOffColor != lastDefaultOffColor);
-    const bool forceFullRepaint = fromBlank || themeDefaultsChanged;
-
-    // If theme defaults changed, reset panel background immediately so stale pixels don't linger.
-    if (forceFullRepaint) {
-        tft->fillScreen(defaultOffColor);
-    }
-
-    colorTftWhite = (defaultOnColor >> 8) | ((defaultOnColor & 0xFF) << 8);
-    colorTftBlack = (defaultOffColor >> 8) | ((defaultOffColor & 0xFF) << 8);
-
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    static uint32_t lastColorFrameSignature = 0;
-    const bool hasColorRegions = graphics::getTFTColorRegionCount() > 0;
-    const uint32_t colorFrameSignature = graphics::getTFTColorFrameSignature();
-    const bool forceFullColorRepaint = forceFullRepaint || (colorFrameSignature != lastColorFrameSignature);
-
-    // When region roles/layout changed, color can differ even with identical monochrome glyph bits.
-    // Repaint full frame only for those frames, then return to diff-based updates.
-    if (forceFullColorRepaint) {
-        for (uint32_t yStart = 0; yStart < displayHeight; yStart += kFullRepaintChunkRows) {
-            const uint32_t rowsThisChunk = min<uint32_t>(kFullRepaintChunkRows, displayHeight - yStart);
-            for (uint32_t row = 0; row < rowsThisChunk; row++) {
-                y = yStart + row;
-                y_byteIndex = (y / 8) * displayWidth;
-                y_byteMask = (1 << (y & 7));
-
-                uint16_t *chunkRow = repaintChunkBuffer + (row * displayWidth);
-                for (x = 0; x < displayWidth; x++) {
-                    isset = (buffer[x + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask) != 0;
-                    if (hasColorRegions) {
-                        chunkRow[x] = graphics::resolveTFTColorPixel(static_cast<int16_t>(x), static_cast<int16_t>(y), isset,
-                                                                     colorTftWhite, colorTftBlack);
-                    } else {
-                        chunkRow[x] = isset ? colorTftWhite : colorTftBlack;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-#if defined(HACKADAY_COMMUNICATOR)
-            tft->draw16bitBeRGBBitmap(0, yStart, repaintChunkBuffer, displayWidth, rowsThisChunk);
-#else
-            tft->pushImage(0, yStart, displayWidth, rowsThisChunk, repaintChunkBuffer);
-#endif
-        }
-
-        memcpy(buffer_back, buffer, displayBufferSize);
-        lastColorFrameSignature = colorFrameSignature;
-        haveLastDefaults = true;
-        lastDefaultOnColor = defaultOnColor;
-        lastDefaultOffColor = defaultOffColor;
-        graphics::clearTFTColorRegions();
-        return;
-    }
-#endif
+    // Store colors byte-reversed so that TFT_eSPI doesn't have to swap bytes in a separate step
+    colorTftMesh = __builtin_bswap16(TFT_MESH);
+    colorTftBlack = __builtin_bswap16(TFT_BLACK);

    y = 0;
    while (y < displayHeight) {
@@ -1304,7 +1230,7 @@ void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)

        // Step 1: Do a quick scan of 8 rows together. This allows fast-forwarding over unchanged screen areas.
        if (y_byteMask == 1) {
-            if (!forceFullRepaint) {
+            if (!fromBlank) {
                for (x = 0; x < displayWidth; x++) {
                    if (buffer[x + y_byteIndex] != buffer_back[x + y_byteIndex])
                        break;
@@ -1322,14 +1248,13 @@ void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)
            }
        }

-        // Step 2: Scan this row for changed span (first and last changed pixel).
-        uint32_t x_FirstChanged = 0;
-        for (x_FirstChanged = 0; x_FirstChanged < displayWidth; x_FirstChanged++) {
-            isset = buffer[x_FirstChanged + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
+        // Step 2: Scan each of the 8 rows individually. Find the first pixel in each row that needs updating
+        for (x_FirstPixelUpdate = 0; x_FirstPixelUpdate < displayWidth; x_FirstPixelUpdate++) {
+            isset = buffer[x_FirstPixelUpdate + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;

-            if (!forceFullRepaint) {
+            if (!fromBlank) {
                // get src pixel in the page based ordering the OLED lib uses
-                dblbuf_isset = buffer_back[x_FirstChanged + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
+                dblbuf_isset = buffer_back[x_FirstPixelUpdate + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
                if (isset != dblbuf_isset) {
                    break;
                }
@@ -1339,42 +1264,26 @@ void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)
        }

        // Did we find a pixel that needs updating on this row?
-        if (x_FirstChanged < displayWidth) {
-            uint32_t x_LastChanged = displayWidth - 1;
-            while (x_LastChanged > x_FirstChanged) {
-                isset = buffer[x_LastChanged + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
-                if (!forceFullRepaint) {
-                    dblbuf_isset = buffer_back[x_LastChanged + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
+        if (x_FirstPixelUpdate < displayWidth) {
+
+            // Quickly write out the first changed pixel (saves another array lookup)
+            linePixelBuffer[x_FirstPixelUpdate] = isset ? colorTftMesh : colorTftBlack;
+            x_LastPixelUpdate = x_FirstPixelUpdate;
+
+            // Step 3: copy all remaining pixels in this row into the pixel line buffer,
+            // while also recording the last pixel in the row that needs updating
+            for (x = x_FirstPixelUpdate + 1; x < displayWidth; x++) {
+                isset = buffer[x + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
+                linePixelBuffer[x] = isset ? colorTftMesh : colorTftBlack;
+
+                if (!fromBlank) {
+                    dblbuf_isset = buffer_back[x + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
                    if (isset != dblbuf_isset) {
-                        break;
+                        x_LastPixelUpdate = x;
                    }
                } else if (isset) {
-                    break;
+                    x_LastPixelUpdate = x;
                }
-                x_LastChanged--;
-            }
-
-            // Align the first pixel for update to an even number so the total alignment of
-            // the data will be at 32-bit boundary, which is required by GDMA SPI transfers.
-            x_FirstPixelUpdate = x_FirstChanged & ~1U;
-            x_LastPixelUpdate = x_LastChanged | 1U;
-            if (x_LastPixelUpdate >= displayWidth) {
-                x_LastPixelUpdate = displayWidth - 1;
-            }
-
-            // Step 3: Copy only the changed span into the pixel line buffer.
-            for (x = x_FirstPixelUpdate; x <= x_LastPixelUpdate; x++) {
-                isset = buffer[x + y_byteIndex] & y_byteMask;
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-                if (hasColorRegions) {
-                    linePixelBuffer[x] = graphics::resolveTFTColorPixel(static_cast<int16_t>(x), static_cast<int16_t>(y), isset,
-                                                                        colorTftWhite, colorTftBlack);
-                } else {
-                    linePixelBuffer[x] = isset ? colorTftWhite : colorTftBlack;
-                }
-#else
-                linePixelBuffer[x] = isset ? colorTftWhite : colorTftBlack;
-#endif
            }
 #if defined(HACKADAY_COMMUNICATOR)
            tft->draw16bitBeRGBBitmap(x_FirstPixelUpdate, y, &linePixelBuffer[x_FirstPixelUpdate],
@@ -1382,8 +1291,8 @@ void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)
 #else
            // Step 4: Send the changed pixels on this line to the screen as a single block transfer.
            // This function accepts pixel data MSB first so it can dump the memory straight out the SPI port.
-            tft->pushImage(x_FirstPixelUpdate, y, (x_LastPixelUpdate - x_FirstPixelUpdate + 1), 1,
-                           &linePixelBuffer[x_FirstPixelUpdate]);
+            tft->pushRect(x_FirstPixelUpdate, y, (x_LastPixelUpdate - x_FirstPixelUpdate + 1), 1,
+                          &linePixelBuffer[x_FirstPixelUpdate]);
 #endif
            somethingChanged = true;
        }
@@ -1392,14 +1301,6 @@ void TFTDisplay::display(bool fromBlank)
    // Copy the Buffer to the Back Buffer
    if (somethingChanged)
        memcpy(buffer_back, buffer, displayBufferSize);
-
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    lastColorFrameSignature = colorFrameSignature;
-#endif
-    haveLastDefaults = true;
-    lastDefaultOnColor = defaultOnColor;
-    lastDefaultOffColor = defaultOffColor;
-    graphics::clearTFTColorRegions();
 }

 void TFTDisplay::sdlLoop()
@@ -1613,7 +1514,7 @@ bool TFTDisplay::connect()
 #else
    tft->setRotation(3); // Orient horizontal and wide underneath the silkscreen name label
 #endif
-    tft->fillScreen(getThemeDefaultOffColor());
+    tft->fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

    if (this->linePixelBuffer == NULL) {
        this->linePixelBuffer = (uint16_t *)malloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * displayWidth);
@@ -1623,14 +1524,6 @@ bool TFTDisplay::connect()
            return false;
        }
    }
-    if (this->repaintChunkBuffer == NULL) {
-        this->repaintChunkBuffer = (uint16_t *)malloc(sizeof(uint16_t) * displayWidth * kFullRepaintChunkRows);
-
-        if (!this->repaintChunkBuffer) {
-            LOG_ERROR("Not enough memory to create TFT repaint chunk buffer\n");
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
    return true;
 }

@@ -63,5 +63,4 @@ class TFTDisplay : public OLEDDisplay
    virtual bool connect() override;

    uint16_t *linePixelBuffer = nullptr;
-    uint16_t *repaintChunkBuffer = nullptr;
-};
+};
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <stdint.h>
-
-namespace graphics
-{
-namespace TFTPalette
-{
-
-constexpr uint16_t rgb565(uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue)
-{
-    return static_cast<uint16_t>(((red & 0xF8) << 8) | ((green & 0xFC) << 3) | ((blue & 0xF8) >> 3));
-}
-
-constexpr uint16_t Black = 0x0000;
-constexpr uint16_t White = 0xFFFF;
-constexpr uint16_t DarkGray = 0x4208;
-constexpr uint16_t Gray = 0x8410;
-constexpr uint16_t LightGray = 0xC618;
-
-constexpr uint16_t Red = rgb565(255, 0, 0);
-constexpr uint16_t Green = rgb565(0, 255, 0);
-constexpr uint16_t Blue = rgb565(0, 130, 252);
-constexpr uint16_t Yellow = rgb565(255, 255, 0);
-constexpr uint16_t Orange = rgb565(255, 165, 0);
-constexpr uint16_t Cyan = rgb565(0, 255, 255);
-constexpr uint16_t Magenta = rgb565(255, 0, 255);
-
-constexpr uint16_t Good = Green;
-constexpr uint16_t Medium = Yellow;
-constexpr uint16_t Bad = Red;
-
-// Christmas / seasonal accent colors
-constexpr uint16_t ChristmasRed = rgb565(178, 34, 34);
-constexpr uint16_t ChristmasGreen = rgb565(0, 128, 0);
-constexpr uint16_t Gold = rgb565(255, 215, 0);
-constexpr uint16_t Pine = rgb565(15, 35, 10);
-
-// Pink theme colors (light variant)
-constexpr uint16_t HotPink = rgb565(255, 105, 180);
-constexpr uint16_t PalePink = rgb565(255, 228, 235);
-constexpr uint16_t DeepPink = rgb565(200, 50, 120);
-
-// Blue theme colors (dark variant)
-constexpr uint16_t SkyBlue = rgb565(100, 180, 255);
-constexpr uint16_t Navy = rgb565(15, 15, 50);
-constexpr uint16_t DeepBlue = rgb565(30, 60, 120);
-
-// Creamsicle theme colors (light variant)
-constexpr uint16_t CreamOrange = rgb565(255, 140, 50);
-constexpr uint16_t DeepOrange = rgb565(220, 100, 20);
-constexpr uint16_t Cream = rgb565(255, 248, 235);
-
-// Classic monochrome theme accent colors (single-color-on-black themes)
-constexpr uint16_t MeshtasticGreen = rgb565(0x67, 0xEA, 0x94);
-constexpr uint16_t ClassicRed = rgb565(255, 64, 64);
-// Monochrome White reuses TFTPalette::White above.
-
-// Fast contrast picker for monochrome glyph overlays on arbitrary RGB565 backgrounds.
-// Uses channel-sum brightness approximation to keep code size small.
-constexpr uint16_t pickReadableMonoFg(uint16_t backgroundColor)
-{
-    const uint16_t r = (backgroundColor >> 11) & 0x1F;
-    const uint16_t g = (backgroundColor >> 5) & 0x3F;
-    const uint16_t b = backgroundColor & 0x1F;
-    return ((r + g + b) >= 70) ? DarkGray : White;
-}
-
-} // namespace TFTPalette
-} // namespace graphics
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ void drawDigitalClockFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int1
    // === Set Title, Blank for Clock
    const char *titleStr = "";
    // === Header ===
-    graphics::drawCommonHeader(display, x, y, titleStr, true, true, true);
+    graphics::drawCommonHeader(display, x, y, titleStr, true, true);

    uint32_t rtc_sec = getValidTime(RTCQuality::RTCQualityDevice, true); // Display local timezone
    char timeString[16];
@@ -293,15 +293,11 @@ void drawDigitalClockFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int1
 // Draw an analog clock
 void drawAnalogClockFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y)
 {
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    // Clear previous frame pixels so moving hands don't leave stale artifacts on TFT light theme.
-    display->clear();
-#endif
    display->setTextAlignment(TEXT_ALIGN_LEFT);
    // === Set Title, Blank for Clock
    const char *titleStr = "";
    // === Header ===
-    graphics::drawCommonHeader(display, x, y, titleStr, true, true, true);
+    graphics::drawCommonHeader(display, x, y, titleStr, true, true);

    // clock face center coordinates
    int16_t centerX = display->getWidth() / 2;
@@ -482,4 +478,4 @@ void drawAnalogClockFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
 } // namespace ClockRenderer

 } // namespace graphics
-#endif
+#endif
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 #include "configuration.h"
 #if HAS_SCREEN
 #include "CompassRenderer.h"
+#include "NodeDB.h"
+#include "UIRenderer.h"
+#include "configuration.h"
+#include "gps/GeoCoord.h"
 #include "graphics/ScreenFonts.h"
 #include "graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h"
 #include <cmath>
@@ -9,103 +13,111 @@ namespace graphics
 {
 namespace CompassRenderer
 {
+
+// Point helper class for compass calculations
+struct Point {
+    float x, y;
+    Point(float x, float y) : x(x), y(y) {}
+
+    void rotate(float angle)
+    {
+        float cos_a = cos(angle);
+        float sin_a = sin(angle);
+        float new_x = x * cos_a - y * sin_a;
+        float new_y = x * sin_a + y * cos_a;
+        x = new_x;
+        y = new_y;
+    }
+
+    void scale(float factor)
+    {
+        x *= factor;
+        y *= factor;
+    }
+
+    void translate(float dx, float dy)
+    {
+        x += dx;
+        y += dy;
+    }
+};
+
 void drawCompassNorth(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t compassX, int16_t compassY, float myHeading, int16_t radius)
 {
+    // Show the compass heading (not implemented in original)
+    // This could draw a "N" indicator or north arrow
+    // For now, we'll draw a simple north indicator
+    // const float radius = 17.0f;
    if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) {
        radius += 4;
    }
-
-    const float northAngle = (uiconfig.compass_mode != meshtastic_CompassMode_FIXED_RING) ? -myHeading : 0.0f;
-    const int16_t nX = compassX + static_cast<int16_t>((radius - 1) * sinf(northAngle));
-    const int16_t nY = compassY - static_cast<int16_t>((radius - 1) * cosf(northAngle));
+    Point north(0, -radius);
+    if (uiconfig.compass_mode != meshtastic_CompassMode_FIXED_RING)
+        north.rotate(-myHeading);
+    north.translate(compassX, compassY);

    display->setFont(FONT_SMALL);
    display->setTextAlignment(TEXT_ALIGN_CENTER);
-#if !GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
    display->setColor(BLACK);
-    const int16_t nLabelWidth = display->getStringWidth("N");
    if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) {
-        display->fillRect(nX - 8, nY - 1, nLabelWidth + 3, FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 6);
+        display->fillRect(north.x - 8, north.y - 1, display->getStringWidth("N") + 3, FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 6);
    } else {
-        display->fillRect(nX - 4, nY - 1, nLabelWidth + 2, FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 6);
+        display->fillRect(north.x - 4, north.y - 1, display->getStringWidth("N") + 2, FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 6);
    }
-#endif
    display->setColor(WHITE);
-    display->drawString(nX, nY - 3, "N");
-}
-
-void drawArrowToNode(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t size, float bearing)
-{
-    const float radians = bearing * DEG_TO_RAD;
-    const float sinA = sinf(radians);
-    const float cosA = cosf(radians);
-    const float tipHalf = size * 0.5f;
-    const float lx = -(size / 6.0f);
-    const float ly = size / 4.0f;
-    const float rx = (size / 6.0f);
-    const float ry = size / 4.0f;
-    const float tx = 0.0f;
-    const float ty = size / 4.5f;
-
-    const int16_t tipX = static_cast<int16_t>(x + (tipHalf * sinA));
-    const int16_t tipY = static_cast<int16_t>(y - (tipHalf * cosA));
-    const int16_t leftX = static_cast<int16_t>(x + (lx * cosA) - (ly * sinA));
-    const int16_t leftY = static_cast<int16_t>(y + (lx * sinA) + (ly * cosA));
-    const int16_t rightX = static_cast<int16_t>(x + (rx * cosA) - (ry * sinA));
-    const int16_t rightY = static_cast<int16_t>(y + (rx * sinA) + (ry * cosA));
-    const int16_t tailX = static_cast<int16_t>(x + (tx * cosA) - (ty * sinA));
-    const int16_t tailY = static_cast<int16_t>(y + (tx * sinA) + (ty * cosA));
-
-    display->fillTriangle(tipX, tipY, leftX, leftY, tailX, tailY);
-    display->fillTriangle(tipX, tipY, rightX, rightY, tailX, tailY);
+    display->drawString(north.x, north.y - 3, "N");
 }

 void drawNodeHeading(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t compassX, int16_t compassY, uint16_t compassDiam, float headingRadian)
 {
-    const int16_t size = static_cast<int16_t>(compassDiam * 0.6f);
-    drawArrowToNode(display, compassX, compassY, size, headingRadian * RAD_TO_DEG);
-}
+    Point tip(0.0f, -0.5f), tail(0.0f, 0.35f); // pointing up initially
+    float arrowOffsetX = 0.14f, arrowOffsetY = 0.9f;
+    Point leftArrow(tip.x - arrowOffsetX, tip.y + arrowOffsetY), rightArrow(tip.x + arrowOffsetX, tip.y + arrowOffsetY);

-bool getHeadingRadians(double lat, double lon, float &headingRadian)
-{
-    headingRadian = 0.0f;
+    Point *arrowPoints[] = {&tip, &tail, &leftArrow, &rightArrow};

-    if (uiconfig.compass_mode == meshtastic_CompassMode_FREEZE_HEADING)
-        return true;
-
-    if (!screen)
-        return false;
-
-    if (screen->hasHeading()) {
-        headingRadian = screen->getHeading() * DEG_TO_RAD;
-        return true;
+    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+        arrowPoints[i]->rotate(headingRadian);
+        arrowPoints[i]->scale(compassDiam * 0.6);
+        arrowPoints[i]->translate(compassX, compassY);
    }

-    const float estimatedHeadingDeg = screen->estimatedHeading(lat, lon);
-    if (!(estimatedHeadingDeg >= 0.0f))
-        return false;
-
-    headingRadian = estimatedHeadingDeg * DEG_TO_RAD;
-    return true;
+#ifdef USE_EINK
+    display->drawTriangle(tip.x, tip.y, rightArrow.x, rightArrow.y, tail.x, tail.y);
+#else
+    display->fillTriangle(tip.x, tip.y, rightArrow.x, rightArrow.y, tail.x, tail.y);
+#endif
+    display->drawTriangle(tip.x, tip.y, leftArrow.x, leftArrow.y, tail.x, tail.y);
 }

-float adjustBearingForCompassMode(float bearingRadian, float headingRadian)
+void drawArrowToNode(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t size, float bearing)
 {
-    if (uiconfig.compass_mode != meshtastic_CompassMode_FIXED_RING)
-        return bearingRadian - headingRadian;
+    float radians = bearing * DEG_TO_RAD;

-    return bearingRadian;
+    Point tip(0, -size / 2);
+    Point left(-size / 6, size / 4);
+    Point right(size / 6, size / 4);
+    Point tail(0, size / 4.5);
+
+    tip.rotate(radians);
+    left.rotate(radians);
+    right.rotate(radians);
+    tail.rotate(radians);
+
+    tip.translate(x, y);
+    left.translate(x, y);
+    right.translate(x, y);
+    tail.translate(x, y);
+
+    display->fillTriangle(tip.x, tip.y, left.x, left.y, tail.x, tail.y);
+    display->fillTriangle(tip.x, tip.y, right.x, right.y, tail.x, tail.y);
 }

-float radiansToDegrees360(float angleRadian)
+float estimatedHeading(double lat, double lon)
 {
-    constexpr float fullTurnDeg = 360.0f;
-    float degrees = angleRadian * RAD_TO_DEG;
-    if (degrees < 0.0f)
-        degrees += fullTurnDeg;
-    else if (degrees >= fullTurnDeg)
-        degrees -= fullTurnDeg;
-    return degrees;
+    // Simple magnetic declination estimation
+    // This is a very basic implementation - the original might be more sophisticated
+    return 0.0f; // Return 0 for now, indicating no heading available
 }

 uint16_t getCompassDiam(uint32_t displayWidth, uint32_t displayHeight)
@@ -125,4 +137,4 @@ uint16_t getCompassDiam(uint32_t displayWidth, uint32_t displayHeight)

 } // namespace CompassRenderer
 } // namespace graphics
-#endif
+#endif
@@ -25,9 +25,7 @@ void drawNodeHeading(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t compassX, int16_t compassY, u
 void drawArrowToNode(OLEDDisplay *display, int16_t x, int16_t y, int16_t size, float bearing);

 // Navigation and location functions
-bool getHeadingRadians(double lat, double lon, float &headingRadian);
-float adjustBearingForCompassMode(float bearingRadian, float headingRadian);
-float radiansToDegrees360(float angleRadian);
+float estimatedHeading(double lat, double lon);
 uint16_t getCompassDiam(uint32_t displayWidth, uint32_t displayHeight);

 } // namespace CompassRenderer
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
 #include "gps/RTC.h"
 #include "graphics/ScreenFonts.h"
 #include "graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTColorRegions.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTPalette.h"
 #include "graphics/TimeFormatters.h"
 #include "graphics/images.h"
 #include "main.h"
@@ -410,16 +408,7 @@ void drawLoRaFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x,
    display->drawString(nameX, getTextPositions(display)[line++], device_role);

    // === Third Row: Radio Preset ===
-    // For custom modem settings show the actual parameters; for presets use the preset name.
-    char modeStr[16];
-    if (!config.lora.use_preset) {
-        snprintf(modeStr, sizeof(modeStr), "BW%u-SF%u-CR%u", static_cast<unsigned>(config.lora.bandwidth),
-                 static_cast<unsigned>(config.lora.spread_factor), static_cast<unsigned>(config.lora.coding_rate));
-    } else {
-        strncpy(modeStr, DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(config.lora.modem_preset, false, true),
-                sizeof(modeStr) - 1);
-        modeStr[sizeof(modeStr) - 1] = '\0';
-    }
+    auto mode = DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(config.lora.modem_preset, false, config.lora.use_preset);

    char regionradiopreset[25];
    const char *region = myRegion ? myRegion->name : NULL;
@@ -427,7 +416,7 @@ void drawLoRaFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x,
        if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::UltraLow) {
            snprintf(regionradiopreset, sizeof(regionradiopreset), "%s", region);
        } else {
-            snprintf(regionradiopreset, sizeof(regionradiopreset), "%s/%s", region, modeStr);
+            snprintf(regionradiopreset, sizeof(regionradiopreset), "%s/%s", region, mode);
        }
    }
    textWidth = display->getStringWidth(regionradiopreset);
@@ -471,11 +460,9 @@ void drawLoRaFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x,
    int chUtil_y = getTextPositions(display)[line] + 3;

    int chutil_bar_width = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? 100 : 50;
-    int chutil_bar_max_fill = chutil_bar_width - 2; // Account for border
    int chutil_bar_height = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? 12 : 7;
    int extraoffset = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? 6 : 3;
    int chutil_percent = airTime->channelUtilizationPercent();
-    const int raw_chutil_percent = chutil_percent;

    int centerofscreen = SCREEN_WIDTH / 2;
    int total_line_content_width = (chUtil_x + chutil_bar_width + display->getStringWidth(chUtilPercentage) + extraoffset) / 2;
@@ -483,7 +470,7 @@ void drawLoRaFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x,

    display->drawString(starting_position, getTextPositions(display)[line], chUtil);

-    // Force 61% or higher to show a full 100% bar, text would still show related percent.
+    // Force 56% or higher to show a full 100% bar, text would still show related percent.
    if (chutil_percent >= 61) {
        chutil_percent = 100;
    }
@@ -496,9 +483,9 @@ void drawLoRaFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x,
    float weight3 = 0.20; // Weight for 40–100%
    float totalWeight = weight1 + weight2 + weight3;

-    int seg1 = chutil_bar_max_fill * (weight1 / totalWeight);
-    int seg2 = chutil_bar_max_fill * (weight2 / totalWeight);
-    int seg3 = chutil_bar_max_fill - seg1 - seg2; // Remainder absorbs rounding errors
+    int seg1 = chutil_bar_width * (weight1 / totalWeight);
+    int seg2 = chutil_bar_width * (weight2 / totalWeight);
+    int seg3 = chutil_bar_width * (weight3 / totalWeight);

    int fillRight = 0;

@@ -515,17 +502,7 @@ void drawLoRaFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x,

    // Fill progress
    if (fillRight > 0) {
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        uint16_t UtilizationFillColor = TFTPalette::Good;
-        if (raw_chutil_percent >= 60) {
-            UtilizationFillColor = TFTPalette::Bad;
-        } else if (raw_chutil_percent >= 35) {
-            UtilizationFillColor = TFTPalette::Medium;
-        }
-        setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::UtilizationFill, UtilizationFillColor, TFTPalette::Black,
-                                   starting_position + chUtil_x + 1, chUtil_y + 1, fillRight, chutil_bar_height - 2);
-#endif
-        display->fillRect(starting_position + chUtil_x + 1, chUtil_y + 1, fillRight, chutil_bar_height - 2);
+        display->fillRect(starting_position + chUtil_x, chUtil_y, fillRight, chutil_bar_height);
    }

    display->drawString(starting_position + chUtil_x + chutil_bar_width + extraoffset, getTextPositions(display)[line++],
@@ -598,17 +575,6 @@ void drawSystemScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x
        display->setColor(WHITE);
        display->drawRect(barX, barY, adjustedBarWidth, barHeight);

-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        uint16_t UtilizationFillColor = TFTPalette::Good;
-        if (percent >= 80) {
-            UtilizationFillColor = TFTPalette::Bad;
-        } else if (percent >= 60) {
-            UtilizationFillColor = TFTPalette::Medium;
-        }
-        setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::UtilizationFill, UtilizationFillColor, TFTPalette::Black, barX + 1, barY + 1,
-                                   fillWidth - 1, barHeight - 2);
-#endif
-
        display->fillRect(barX, barY, fillWidth, barHeight);
        display->setColor(WHITE);
 #endif
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include "buzz.h"
 #include "graphics/Screen.h"
 #include "graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTColorRegions.h"
 #include "graphics/draw/MessageRenderer.h"
 #include "graphics/draw/UIRenderer.h"
 #include "input/RotaryEncoderInterruptImpl1.h"
@@ -19,7 +18,6 @@
 #include "main.h"
 #include "mesh/Default.h"
 #include "mesh/MeshTypes.h"
-#include "mesh/RadioLibInterface.h"
 #include "modules/AdminModule.h"
 #include "modules/CannedMessageModule.h"
 #include "modules/ExternalNotificationModule.h"
@@ -27,10 +25,11 @@
 #include "modules/TraceRouteModule.h"
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
-#include <cmath>
 #include <functional>
 #include <utility>

+extern uint16_t TFT_MESH;
+
 namespace graphics
 {

@@ -160,22 +159,31 @@ void menuHandler::LoraRegionPicker(uint32_t duration)
                return;
            }

-            // Guard: without a reboot, reconfigure() applies the region directly.
-            // Reject LORA_24 on sub-GHz-only hardware — getRadio() used to catch this post-reboot.
-            // TODO: change this to either use the validateLoraConfig() logic or at least check the region for wideLora
-            // rather than a hardcoded check for LORA_24.
-            if (selectedRegion == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24 &&
-                !(RadioLibInterface::instance && RadioLibInterface::instance->wideLora())) {
-                LOG_WARN("Radio hardware does not support 2.4 GHz; ignoring region selection");
-                return;
-            }
-
            config.lora.region = selectedRegion;
            auto changes = SEGMENT_CONFIG;

+        // FIXME: This should be a method consolidated with the same logic in the admin message as well
+        // This is needed as we wait til picking the LoRa region to generate keys for the first time.
 #if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI_KEYGEN || MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI)
-            if (crypto) {
-                crypto->ensurePkiKeys(config.security, owner);
+            if (!owner.is_licensed) {
+                bool keygenSuccess = false;
+                if (config.security.private_key.size == 32) {
+                    // public key is derived from private, so this will always have the same result.
+                    if (crypto->regeneratePublicKey(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes)) {
+                        keygenSuccess = true;
+                    }
+
+                } else {
+                    LOG_INFO("Generate new PKI keys");
+                    crypto->generateKeyPair(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes);
+                    keygenSuccess = true;
+                }
+                if (keygenSuccess) {
+                    config.security.public_key.size = 32;
+                    config.security.private_key.size = 32;
+                    owner.public_key.size = 32;
+                    memcpy(owner.public_key.bytes, config.security.public_key.bytes, 32);
+                }
            }
 #endif
            config.lora.tx_enabled = true;
@@ -191,6 +199,7 @@ void menuHandler::LoraRegionPicker(uint32_t duration)
            }

            service->reloadConfig(changes);
+            rebootAtMsec = (millis() + DEFAULT_REBOOT_SECONDS * 1000);
        });

    bannerOptions.durationMs = duration;
@@ -256,24 +265,13 @@ void menuHandler::FrequencySlotPicker()
    optionsEnumArray[options++] = 0;

    // Calculate number of channels (copied from RadioInterface::applyModemConfig())
-
    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig = config.lora;
    double bw = loraConfig.use_preset ? modemPresetToBwKHz(loraConfig.modem_preset, myRegion->wideLora)
                                      : bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);

    uint32_t numChannels = 0;
    if (myRegion) {
-        // Match RadioInterface::applyModemConfig(): include padding, add spacing in numerator, and use round()
-        const double spacing = myRegion->profile->spacing;
-        const double padding = myRegion->profile->padding;
-        const double channelBandwidthMHz = bw / 1000.0;
-        const double numerator = (myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) + spacing;
-        const double denominator = spacing + (padding * 2) + channelBandwidthMHz;
-        if (denominator > 0.0) {
-            numChannels = static_cast<uint32_t>(round(numerator / denominator));
-        } else {
-            LOG_WARN("Invalid region configuration: non-positive channel spacing/width");
-        }
+        numChannels = (uint32_t)floor((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) / (myRegion->spacing + (bw / 1000.0)));
    } else {
        LOG_WARN("Region not set, cannot calculate number of channels");
        return;
@@ -309,6 +307,7 @@ void menuHandler::FrequencySlotPicker()

        config.lora.channel_num = selected;
        service->reloadConfig(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
+        rebootAtMsec = (millis() + DEFAULT_REBOOT_SECONDS * 1000);
    };

    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
@@ -347,6 +346,7 @@ void menuHandler::radioPresetPicker()
            config.lora.channel_num = 0;        // Reset to default channel for the preset
            config.lora.override_frequency = 0; // Clear any custom frequency
            service->reloadConfig(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
+            rebootAtMsec = (millis() + DEFAULT_REBOOT_SECONDS * 1000);
        });

    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
@@ -2027,6 +2027,109 @@ void menuHandler::switchToMUIMenu()
    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
 }

+void menuHandler::TFTColorPickerMenu(OLEDDisplay *display)
+{
+    static const ScreenColorOption colorOptions[] = {
+        {"Back", OptionsAction::Back},
+        {"Default", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(0, 0, 0, true)},
+        {"Meshtastic Green", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(0x67, 0xEA, 0x94)},
+        {"Yellow", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(255, 255, 128)},
+        {"Red", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(255, 64, 64)},
+        {"Orange", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(255, 160, 20)},
+        {"Purple", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(204, 153, 255)},
+        {"Blue", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(0, 0, 255)},
+        {"Teal", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(16, 102, 102)},
+        {"Cyan", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(0, 255, 255)},
+        {"Ice", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(173, 216, 230)},
+        {"Pink", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(255, 105, 180)},
+        {"White", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(255, 255, 255)},
+        {"Gray", OptionsAction::Select, ScreenColor(128, 128, 128)},
+    };
+
+    constexpr size_t colorCount = sizeof(colorOptions) / sizeof(colorOptions[0]);
+    static std::array<const char *, colorCount> colorLabels{};
+
+    auto bannerOptions = createStaticBannerOptions(
+        "Select Screen Color", colorOptions, colorLabels, [display](const ScreenColorOption &option, int) -> void {
+            if (option.action == OptionsAction::Back) {
+                menuQueue = SystemBaseMenu;
+                screen->runNow();
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (!option.hasValue) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+#if defined(HELTEC_MESH_NODE_T114) || defined(HELTEC_VISION_MASTER_T190) || defined(T_DECK) || defined(T_LORA_PAGER) ||          \
+    HAS_TFT || defined(HACKADAY_COMMUNICATOR)
+            const ScreenColor &color = option.value;
+            if (color.useVariant) {
+                LOG_INFO("Setting color to system default or defined variant");
+            } else {
+                LOG_INFO("Setting color to %s", option.label);
+            }
+
+            uint8_t r = color.r;
+            uint8_t g = color.g;
+            uint8_t b = color.b;
+
+            display->setColor(BLACK);
+            display->fillRect(0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT);
+            display->setColor(WHITE);
+
+            if (color.useVariant || (r == 0 && g == 0 && b == 0)) {
+#ifdef TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE
+                TFT_MESH = TFT_MESH_OVERRIDE;
+#else
+                TFT_MESH = COLOR565(255, 255, 128);
+#endif
+            } else {
+                TFT_MESH = COLOR565(r, g, b);
+            }
+
+#if defined(HELTEC_MESH_NODE_T114) || defined(HELTEC_VISION_MASTER_T190)
+            static_cast<ST7789Spi *>(screen->getDisplayDevice())->setRGB(TFT_MESH);
+#endif
+
+            screen->setFrames(graphics::Screen::FOCUS_SYSTEM);
+            if (color.useVariant || (r == 0 && g == 0 && b == 0)) {
+                uiconfig.screen_rgb_color = 0;
+            } else {
+                uiconfig.screen_rgb_color =
+                    (static_cast<uint32_t>(r) << 16) | (static_cast<uint32_t>(g) << 8) | static_cast<uint32_t>(b);
+            }
+            LOG_INFO("Storing Value of %d to uiconfig.screen_rgb_color", uiconfig.screen_rgb_color);
+            saveUIConfig();
+#endif
+        });
+
+    int initialSelection = 0;
+    if (uiconfig.screen_rgb_color == 0) {
+        initialSelection = 1;
+    } else {
+        uint32_t currentColor = uiconfig.screen_rgb_color;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < colorCount; ++i) {
+            if (!colorOptions[i].hasValue) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            const ScreenColor &color = colorOptions[i].value;
+            if (color.useVariant) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            uint32_t encoded =
+                (static_cast<uint32_t>(color.r) << 16) | (static_cast<uint32_t>(color.g) << 8) | static_cast<uint32_t>(color.b);
+            if (encoded == currentColor) {
+                initialSelection = static_cast<int>(i);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    bannerOptions.InitialSelected = initialSelection;
+
+    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
+}
+
 void menuHandler::rebootMenu()
 {
    static const char *optionsArray[] = {"Back", "Confirm"};
@@ -2214,9 +2317,9 @@ void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
    bool hasSupportBrightness = false;
 #endif

-    enum optionsNumbers { Back, Brightness, FrameToggles, DisplayUnits, MessageBubbles, Theme };
-    static const char *optionsArray[7] = {"Back"};
-    static int optionsEnumArray[7] = {Back};
+    enum optionsNumbers { Back, Brightness, ScreenColor, FrameToggles, DisplayUnits, MessageBubbles };
+    static const char *optionsArray[6] = {"Back"};
+    static int optionsEnumArray[6] = {Back};
    int options = 1;

    // Only show brightness for B&W displays
@@ -2225,6 +2328,13 @@ void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
        optionsEnumArray[options++] = Brightness;
    }

+    // Only show screen color for TFT displays
+#if defined(HELTEC_MESH_NODE_T114) || defined(HELTEC_VISION_MASTER_T190) || defined(T_DECK) || defined(T_LORA_PAGER) ||          \
+    HAS_TFT || defined(HACKADAY_COMMUNICATOR)
+    optionsArray[options] = "Screen Color";
+    optionsEnumArray[options++] = ScreenColor;
+#endif
+
    optionsArray[options] = "Frame Visibility";
    optionsEnumArray[options++] = FrameToggles;

@@ -2234,11 +2344,6 @@ void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
    optionsArray[options] = "Message Bubbles";
    optionsEnumArray[options++] = MessageBubbles;

-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    optionsArray[options] = "Theme";
-    optionsEnumArray[options++] = Theme;
-#endif
-
    BannerOverlayOptions bannerOptions;
    bannerOptions.message = "Display Options";
    bannerOptions.optionsArrayPtr = optionsArray;
@@ -2248,6 +2353,9 @@ void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
        if (selected == Brightness) {
            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::BrightnessPicker;
            screen->runNow();
+        } else if (selected == ScreenColor) {
+            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::TftColorMenuPicker;
+            screen->runNow();
        } else if (selected == FrameToggles) {
            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::FrameToggles;
            screen->runNow();
@@ -2257,9 +2365,6 @@ void menuHandler::screenOptionsMenu()
        } else if (selected == MessageBubbles) {
            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::MessageBubblesMenu;
            screen->runNow();
-        } else if (selected == Theme) {
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ThemeMenu;
-            screen->runNow();
        } else {
            menuQueue = SystemBaseMenu;
            screen->runNow();
@@ -2543,53 +2648,6 @@ void menuHandler::messageBubblesMenu()
    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
 }

-void menuHandler::themeMenu()
-{
-    // Build menu dynamically from the theme table.
-    // Only visible themes appear!
-    // Slot budget: 1 for "Back" + up to kMaxThemesInMenu visible themes.
-    // Bump kMaxThemesInMenu if you add more themes than will fit here.
-    constexpr size_t kMaxThemesInMenu = 15;
-    const size_t visibleCount = getVisibleThemeCount();
-    static const char *optionsArray[kMaxThemesInMenu + 1] = {"Back"};
-    const size_t shownCount = (visibleCount < kMaxThemesInMenu) ? visibleCount : kMaxThemesInMenu;
-    const int options = static_cast<int>(shownCount) + 1; // +1 for Back
-
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < shownCount; i++) {
-        optionsArray[i + 1] = getVisibleThemeByIndex(i).name;
-    }
-
-    BannerOverlayOptions bannerOptions;
-    bannerOptions.message = "Theme";
-    bannerOptions.optionsArrayPtr = optionsArray;
-    bannerOptions.optionsCount = options;
-
-    // Highlight the currently active theme (visible index + 1 for the Back
-    // offset).  If the active theme is hidden, leave selection on "Back".
-    const size_t activeVisible = getActiveVisibleThemeIndex();
-    bannerOptions.InitialSelected = (activeVisible == SIZE_MAX) ? 0 : static_cast<int>(activeVisible) + 1;
-
-    bannerOptions.bannerCallback = [](int selected) -> void {
-        if (selected == 0) {
-            // Back
-            menuHandler::menuQueue = menuHandler::ScreenOptionsMenu;
-            screen->runNow();
-        } else {
-            // Selection is an index into the VISIBLE themes (1-based, slot 0 is Back).
-            const size_t visibleIdx = static_cast<size_t>(selected - 1);
-            if (visibleIdx < getVisibleThemeCount()) {
-                // Persist the theme's uniqueIdentifier so boot-time
-                // resolveThemeIndex() can restore this theme on next startup.
-                uiconfig.screen_rgb_color = COLOR565(255, 255, (getVisibleThemeByIndex(visibleIdx).uniqueIdentifier & 0x1F) << 3);
-                loadThemeDefaults();
-                saveUIConfig();
-                screen->runNow();
-            }
-        }
-    };
-    screen->showOverlayBanner(bannerOptions);
-}
-
 void menuHandler::handleMenuSwitch(OLEDDisplay *display)
 {
    if (menuQueue != MenuNone)
@@ -2665,6 +2723,9 @@ void menuHandler::handleMenuSwitch(OLEDDisplay *display)
    case MuiPicker:
        switchToMUIMenu();
        break;
+    case TftColorMenuPicker:
+        TFTColorPickerMenu(display);
+        break;
    case BrightnessPicker:
        BrightnessPickerMenu();
        break;
@@ -2737,9 +2798,6 @@ void menuHandler::handleMenuSwitch(OLEDDisplay *display)
    case MessageBubblesMenu:
        messageBubblesMenu();
        break;
-    case ThemeMenu:
-        themeMenu();
-        break;
    }
    menuQueue = MenuNone;
 }
@@ -2751,4 +2809,4 @@ void menuHandler::saveUIConfig()

 } // namespace graphics

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ class menuHandler
        ResetNodeDbMenu,
        BuzzerModeMenuPicker,
        MuiPicker,
+        TftColorMenuPicker,
        BrightnessPicker,
        RebootMenu,
        ShutdownMenu,
@@ -54,8 +55,7 @@ class menuHandler
        NodeNameLengthMenu,
        FrameToggles,
        DisplayUnits,
-        MessageBubblesMenu,
-        ThemeMenu
+        MessageBubblesMenu
    };
    static screenMenus menuQueue;
    static uint32_t pickedNodeNum; // node selected by NodePicker for ManageNodeMenu
@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ class menuHandler
    static void GPSPositionBroadcastMenu();
    static void BuzzerModeMenu();
    static void switchToMUIMenu();
+    static void TFTColorPickerMenu(OLEDDisplay *display);
    static void nodeListMenu();
    static void resetNodeDBMenu();
    static void BrightnessPickerMenu();
@@ -109,7 +110,6 @@ class menuHandler
    static void frameTogglesMenu();
    static void displayUnitsMenu();
    static void messageBubblesMenu();
-    static void themeMenu();
    static void textMessageMenu();

  private:
@@ -136,10 +136,23 @@ template <typename T> struct MenuOption {
    MenuOption(const char *labelIn, OptionsAction actionIn) : label(labelIn), action(actionIn), hasValue(false), value() {}
 };

+struct ScreenColor {
+    uint8_t r;
+    uint8_t g;
+    uint8_t b;
+    bool useVariant;
+
+    explicit ScreenColor(uint8_t rIn = 0, uint8_t gIn = 0, uint8_t bIn = 0, bool variantIn = false)
+        : r(rIn), g(gIn), b(bIn), useVariant(variantIn)
+    {
+    }
+};
+
 using RadioPresetOption = MenuOption<meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset>;
 using LoraRegionOption = MenuOption<meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode>;
 using TimezoneOption = MenuOption<const char *>;
 using CompassOption = MenuOption<meshtastic_CompassMode>;
+using ScreenColorOption = MenuOption<ScreenColor>;
 using GPSToggleOption = MenuOption<meshtastic_Config_PositionConfig_GpsMode>;
 using GPSFormatOption = MenuOption<meshtastic_DeviceUIConfig_GpsCoordinateFormat>;
 using NodeNameOption = MenuOption<bool>;
@@ -11,8 +11,6 @@
 #include "graphics/Screen.h"
 #include "graphics/ScreenFonts.h"
 #include "graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTColorRegions.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTPalette.h"
 #include "graphics/TimeFormatters.h"
 #include "graphics/emotes.h"
 #include "main.h"
@@ -256,76 +254,6 @@ struct MessageBlock {
    bool mine;
 };

-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-static void setDarkModeBubbleRoleColors(uint32_t themeId, bool mine)
-{
-    uint16_t bubbleOnColor;
-    uint16_t bubbleOffColor;
-
-    if (themeId == ThemeID::Blue) {
-        bubbleOnColor = mine ? TFTPalette::Navy : TFTPalette::White;
-        bubbleOffColor = mine ? TFTPalette::SkyBlue : TFTPalette::DeepBlue;
-    } else {
-        bubbleOnColor = mine ? TFTPalette::Black : getThemeBodyFg();
-        bubbleOffColor = mine ? TFTPalette::SkyBlue : TFTPalette::DarkGray;
-    }
-
-    setTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, bubbleOnColor, bubbleOffColor);
-}
-
-static void registerRoundedBubbleFillRegion(int x, int y, int w, int h, int radius)
-{
-    if (w <= 0 || h <= 0) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (radius <= 0 || w < 3 || h < 3) {
-        registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, x, y, w, h);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Keep region count low so we don't churn MAX_TFT_COLOR_REGIONS while
-    // scrolling long message lists (which can flatten older bubble corners).
-    int capRows = 0;
-    if (radius >= 4 && h >= 5) {
-        capRows = 2; // 5 regions total (2 top caps + middle + 2 bottom caps)
-    } else if (radius >= 2 && h >= 3) {
-        capRows = 1; // 3 regions total
-    }
-    if (capRows <= 0) {
-        registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, x, y, w, h);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    for (int row = 0; row < capRows; ++row) {
-        int inset = 0;
-        if (radius >= 4) {
-            inset = (row == 0) ? 2 : 1;
-        } else if (radius >= 2) {
-            inset = 1;
-        }
-        const int stripW = w - (inset * 2);
-        if (stripW <= 0) {
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        const int topY = y + row;
-        registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, x + inset, topY, stripW, 1);
-
-        const int bottomY = y + h - 1 - row;
-        if (bottomY != topY) {
-            registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, x + inset, bottomY, stripW, 1);
-        }
-    }
-
-    const int middleY = y + capRows;
-    const int middleH = h - (capRows * 2);
-    if (middleH > 0) {
-        registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, x, middleY, w, middleH);
-    }
-}
-#endif
-
 static int getDrawnLinePixelBottom(int lineTopY, const std::string &line, bool isHeaderLine)
 {
    if (isHeaderLine) {
@@ -720,11 +648,6 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
    const int contentBottom = scrollBottom; // already excludes nav line
    const int rightEdge = SCREEN_WIDTH - SCROLLBAR_WIDTH - RIGHT_MARGIN;
    const int bubbleGapY = std::max(1, MESSAGE_BLOCK_GAP / 2);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    const uint32_t themeId = getActiveTheme().id;
-    // Blue is a dark variant but uses full frame inversion, Keep it on the same filled bubble style as Default Dark.
-    const bool useDarkModeBubbleFill = showBubbles && (!isThemeFullFrameInvert() || themeId == ThemeID::Blue);
-#endif

    std::vector<int> lineTop;
    lineTop.resize(cachedLines.size());
@@ -763,17 +686,6 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
            int visualBottom = getDrawnLinePixelBottom(lineTop[b.end], cachedLines[b.end], isHeader[b.end]);
            int bottomY = visualBottom + BUBBLE_PAD_Y;

-            // On high-res screens, keep a 1px gap under the header
-            if (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) {
-                const int minTopY = contentTop + 1;
-                if (topY < minTopY) {
-                    // Preserve bubble height when we push it down from the header.
-                    const int shift = minTopY - topY;
-                    topY = minTopY;
-                    bottomY += shift;
-                }
-            }
-
            if (bi + 1 < blocks.size()) {
                int nextHeaderIndex = (int)blocks[bi + 1].start;
                int nextTop = lineTop[nextHeaderIndex];
@@ -823,56 +735,24 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
                const int by = topY;
                const int bw = bubbleW;
                const int bh = bubbleH;
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-                const bool drawBubbleOutline = !useDarkModeBubbleFill;
-#else
-                const bool drawBubbleOutline = true;
-#endif
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-                if (useDarkModeBubbleFill) {
-                    setDarkModeBubbleRoleColors(themeId, b.mine);
-                    registerRoundedBubbleFillRegion(bx, by, bw, bh, r);
-                }
-#endif

-                if (drawBubbleOutline) {
-                    // Draw the 4 corner arcs using drawCircleQuads
-                    display->drawCircleQuads(bx + r, by + r, r, 0x2);                   // Top-left
-                    display->drawCircleQuads(bx + bw - r - 1, by + r, r, 0x1);          // Top-right
-                    display->drawCircleQuads(bx + r, by + bh - r - 1, r, 0x4);          // Bottom-left
-                    display->drawCircleQuads(bx + bw - r - 1, by + bh - r - 1, r, 0x8); // Bottom-right
+                // Draw the 4 corner arcs using drawCircleQuads
+                display->drawCircleQuads(bx + r, by + r, r, 0x2);                   // Top-left
+                display->drawCircleQuads(bx + bw - r - 1, by + r, r, 0x1);          // Top-right
+                display->drawCircleQuads(bx + r, by + bh - r - 1, r, 0x4);          // Bottom-left
+                display->drawCircleQuads(bx + bw - r - 1, by + bh - r - 1, r, 0x8); // Bottom-right

-                    // Draw the 4 edges between corners
-                    display->drawHorizontalLine(bx + r, by, bw - 2 * r);          // Top edge
-                    display->drawHorizontalLine(bx + r, by + bh - 1, bw - 2 * r); // Bottom edge
-                    display->drawVerticalLine(bx, by + r, bh - 2 * r);            // Left edge
-                    display->drawVerticalLine(bx + bw - 1, by + r, bh - 2 * r);   // Right edge
-                }
+                // Draw the 4 edges between corners
+                display->drawHorizontalLine(bx + r, by, bw - 2 * r);          // Top edge
+                display->drawHorizontalLine(bx + r, by + bh - 1, bw - 2 * r); // Bottom edge
+                display->drawVerticalLine(bx, by + r, bh - 2 * r);            // Left edge
+                display->drawVerticalLine(bx + bw - 1, by + r, bh - 2 * r);   // Right edge
            } else if (bubbleW > 1 && bubbleH > 1) {
                // Fallback to simple rectangle for very small bubbles
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-                const bool drawBubbleOutline = !useDarkModeBubbleFill;
-#else
-                const bool drawBubbleOutline = true;
-#endif
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-                if (useDarkModeBubbleFill) {
-                    setDarkModeBubbleRoleColors(themeId, b.mine);
-                    registerTFTColorRegion(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuBody, bubbleX, topY, bubbleW, bubbleH);
-                }
-#endif
-                if (drawBubbleOutline) {
-                    display->drawRect(bubbleX, topY, bubbleW, bubbleH);
-                }
+                display->drawRect(bubbleX, topY, bubbleW, bubbleH);
            }
        }
    } // end if (showBubbles)
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    if (useDarkModeBubbleFill) {
-        // Restore theme role defaults so other screens keep their intended palette.
-        loadThemeDefaults();
-    }
-#endif

    // Render visible lines
    int lineY = yOffset;
@@ -892,7 +772,7 @@ void drawTextMessageFrame(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16
                    headerX = x + textIndent;
                }
                graphics::UIRenderer::drawStringWithEmotes(display, headerX, lineY, cachedLines[i].c_str(), FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL, 1,
-                                                           true);
+                                                           false);

                // Draw underline just under header text
                int underlineY = lineY + FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL;
@@ -3,16 +3,11 @@
 #include "CompassRenderer.h"
 #include "NodeDB.h"
 #include "NodeListRenderer.h"
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_STATUS
-#include "modules/StatusMessageModule.h"
-#endif
 #include "UIRenderer.h"
 #include "gps/GeoCoord.h"
 #include "gps/RTC.h" // for getTime() function
 #include "graphics/ScreenFonts.h"
 #include "graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTColorRegions.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTPalette.h"
 #include "graphics/images.h"
 #include "meshUtils.h"
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -97,41 +92,8 @@ std::string getSafeNodeName(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node,

    // 1) Choose target candidate (long vs short) only if present
    const char *raw = nullptr;
-
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_STATUS
-    // If long-name mode is enabled, and we have a recent status for this node,
-    // prefer "(short_name) statusText" as the raw candidate.
-    std::string composedFromStatus;
-    if (config.display.use_long_node_name && node && node->has_user && statusMessageModule) {
-        const auto &recent = statusMessageModule->getRecentReceived();
-        const StatusMessageModule::RecentStatus *found = nullptr;
-        for (auto it = recent.rbegin(); it != recent.rend(); ++it) {
-            if (it->fromNodeId == node->num && !it->statusText.empty()) {
-                found = &(*it);
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (found) {
-            const char *shortName = node->user.short_name;
-            composedFromStatus.reserve(4 + (shortName ? std::strlen(shortName) : 0) + 1 + found->statusText.size());
-            composedFromStatus += "(";
-            if (shortName && *shortName) {
-                composedFromStatus += shortName;
-            }
-            composedFromStatus += ") ";
-            composedFromStatus += found->statusText;
-
-            raw = composedFromStatus.c_str(); // safe for now; we'll sanitize immediately into std::string
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
-    // If we didn't compose from status, use normal long/short selection
-    if (!raw) {
-        if (node && node->has_user) {
-            raw = config.display.use_long_node_name ? node->user.long_name : node->user.short_name;
-        }
+    if (node && node->has_user) {
+        raw = config.display.use_long_node_name ? node->user.long_name : node->user.short_name;
    }

    // 2) Preserve UTF-8 names so emotes can be detected and rendered.
@@ -215,33 +177,6 @@ void drawScrollbar(OLEDDisplay *display, int visibleNodeRows, int totalEntries,
    }
 }

-static inline void applyFavoriteNodeNameColor(OLEDDisplay *display, const meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, const char *nodeName,
-                                              int16_t nameX, int16_t y, int nameMaxWidth)
-{
-    if (!display || !node || !node->is_favorite || !isTFTColoringEnabled() || !nodeName) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    const int textWidth = UIRenderer::measureStringWithEmotes(display, nodeName);
-    const int regionWidth = min(textWidth, max(0, nameMaxWidth));
-    if (regionWidth <= 0) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Node list rows can begin a couple of pixels inside header space.
-    // Clamp favorite-name color region below the header to avoid black overlap there.
-    const int16_t minContentY = static_cast<int16_t>(FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL + 1);
-    const int16_t regionY = max(y, minContentY);
-    const int16_t yClip = regionY - y;
-    const int16_t regionHeight = static_cast<int16_t>(FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - yClip);
-    if (regionHeight <= 0) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::FavoriteNode, TFTPalette::Yellow, TFTPalette::Black, nameX, regionY, regionWidth,
-                               regionHeight);
-}
-
 // =============================
 // Entry Renderers
 // =============================
@@ -256,9 +191,6 @@ void drawEntryLastHeard(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int
    char nodeName[96];
    UIRenderer::truncateStringWithEmotes(display, getSafeNodeName(display, node, columnWidth).c_str(), nodeName, sizeof(nodeName),
                                         nameMaxWidth);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    applyFavoriteNodeNameColor(display, node, nodeName, nameX, y, nameMaxWidth);
-#endif
    bool isMuted = (node->bitfield & NODEINFO_BITFIELD_IS_MUTED_MASK) != 0;

    char timeStr[10];
@@ -307,20 +239,14 @@ void drawEntryHopSignal(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int

    int nameMaxWidth = getNodeNameMaxWidth(columnWidth, columnWidth - 25);
    int barsOffset = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? (isLeftCol ? 20 : 24) : (isLeftCol ? 15 : 19);
-    constexpr int kBarCount = 4;
-    constexpr int kBarWidth = 2;
-    constexpr int kBarGap = 1;
+    int hopOffset = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? (isLeftCol ? 21 : 29) : (isLeftCol ? 13 : 17);

    int barsXOffset = columnWidth - barsOffset;
-    int barsRightEdge = x + barsXOffset + ((kBarCount - 1) * (kBarWidth + kBarGap)) + kBarWidth;

    const int nameX = x + ((currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? 6 : 3);
    char nodeName[96];
    UIRenderer::truncateStringWithEmotes(display, getSafeNodeName(display, node, columnWidth).c_str(), nodeName, sizeof(nodeName),
                                         nameMaxWidth);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    applyFavoriteNodeNameColor(display, node, nodeName, nameX, y, nameMaxWidth);
-#endif
    bool isMuted = (node->bitfield & NODEINFO_BITFIELD_IS_MUTED_MASK) != 0;

    display->setTextAlignment(TEXT_ALIGN_LEFT);
@@ -342,48 +268,28 @@ void drawEntryHopSignal(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int
        }
    }

-    const bool isZeroHop = node->has_hops_away && node->hops_away == 0;
+    // Draw signal strength bars
+    int bars = (node->snr > 5) ? 4 : (node->snr > 0) ? 3 : (node->snr > -5) ? 2 : (node->snr > -10) ? 1 : 0;
+    int barWidth = 2;
+    int barStartX = x + barsXOffset;
+    int barStartY = y + 1 + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL / 2) + 2;

-    // Show signal only for direct neighbors (0 hops)
-    if (isZeroHop) {
-        int bars = (node->snr > 5) ? 4 : (node->snr > 0) ? 3 : (node->snr > -5) ? 2 : (node->snr > -10) ? 1 : 0;
-        int barStartX = x + barsXOffset;
-        int barStartY = y + 1 + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL / 2) + 2;
-
-        if (bars > 0) {
-            uint16_t signalBarsColor = TFTPalette::Bad;
-            if (bars >= 3) {
-                signalBarsColor = TFTPalette::Good;
-            } else if (bars == 2) {
-                signalBarsColor = TFTPalette::Medium;
-            }
-
-            // Highest bar reaches 6 px in this renderer.
-            setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::SignalBars, signalBarsColor, TFTPalette::Black, barStartX, barStartY - 6,
-                                       (kBarCount * kBarWidth) + ((kBarCount - 1) * kBarGap), 6);
-        }
-
-        for (int b = 0; b < kBarCount; b++) {
-            if (b < bars) {
-                int height = (b * 2);
-                display->fillRect(barStartX + (b * (kBarWidth + kBarGap)), barStartY - height, kBarWidth, height);
-            }
+    for (int b = 0; b < 4; b++) {
+        if (b < bars) {
+            int height = (b * 2);
+            display->fillRect(barStartX + (b * (barWidth + 1)), barStartY - height, barWidth, height);
        }
    }

-    // Draw hop count + hop icon
-    if (node->has_hops_away && node->hops_away > 0) {
-        char hopCount[6];
-        snprintf(hopCount, sizeof(hopCount), "%d", node->hops_away);
+    // Draw hop count
+    char hopStr[6] = "";
+    if (node->has_hops_away && node->hops_away > 0)
+        snprintf(hopStr, sizeof(hopStr), "[%d]", node->hops_away);

-        const int hopCountWidth = display->getStringWidth(hopCount);
-        const int gap = 1;
-        const int totalWidth = hopCountWidth + gap + hop_width;
-        const int hopX = barsRightEdge - totalWidth;
-        const int iconY = y + (FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - hop_height) / 2;
-
-        display->drawString(hopX, y, hopCount);
-        display->drawXbm(hopX + hopCountWidth + gap, iconY, hop_width, hop_height, hop);
+    if (hopStr[0] != '\0') {
+        int rightEdge = x + columnWidth - hopOffset;
+        int textWidth = display->getStringWidth(hopStr);
+        display->drawString(rightEdge - textWidth, y, hopStr);
    }
 }

@@ -398,9 +304,6 @@ void drawNodeDistance(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16
    char nodeName[96];
    UIRenderer::truncateStringWithEmotes(display, getSafeNodeName(display, node, columnWidth).c_str(), nodeName, sizeof(nodeName),
                                         nameMaxWidth);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    applyFavoriteNodeNameColor(display, node, nodeName, nameX, y, nameMaxWidth);
-#endif
    bool isMuted = (node->bitfield & NODEINFO_BITFIELD_IS_MUTED_MASK) != 0;
    char distStr[10] = "";

@@ -470,13 +373,14 @@ void drawNodeDistance(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16
        }
    }

-    const char *distanceLabel = (strlen(distStr) > 0) ? distStr : "?";
-    int offset = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High)
-                     ? (isLeftCol ? 7 : 10) // Offset for Wide Screens (Left Column:Right Column)
-                     : (isLeftCol ? 4 : 7); // Offset for Narrow Screens (Left Column:Right Column)
-    int rightEdge = x + columnWidth - offset;
-    int textWidth = display->getStringWidth(distanceLabel);
-    display->drawString(rightEdge - textWidth, y, distanceLabel);
+    if (strlen(distStr) > 0) {
+        int offset = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High)
+                         ? (isLeftCol ? 7 : 10) // Offset for Wide Screens (Left Column:Right Column)
+                         : (isLeftCol ? 4 : 7); // Offset for Narrow Screens (Left Column:Right Column)
+        int rightEdge = x + columnWidth - offset;
+        int textWidth = display->getStringWidth(distStr);
+        display->drawString(rightEdge - textWidth, y, distStr);
+    }
 }

 void drawEntryDynamic_Nodes(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16_t x, int16_t y, int columnWidth)
@@ -506,9 +410,6 @@ void drawEntryCompass(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16
    char nodeName[96];
    UIRenderer::truncateStringWithEmotes(display, getSafeNodeName(display, node, columnWidth).c_str(), nodeName, sizeof(nodeName),
                                         nameMaxWidth);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    applyFavoriteNodeNameColor(display, node, nodeName, nameX, y, nameMaxWidth);
-#endif
    bool isMuted = (node->bitfield & NODEINFO_BITFIELD_IS_MUTED_MASK) != 0;

    display->setTextAlignment(TEXT_ALIGN_LEFT);
@@ -530,8 +431,8 @@ void drawEntryCompass(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16
    }
 }

-void drawCompassArrow(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16_t x, int16_t y, int columnWidth,
-                      float myHeadingRadian, double userLat, double userLon)
+void drawCompassArrow(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16_t x, int16_t y, int columnWidth, float myHeading,
+                      double userLat, double userLon)
 {
    if (!nodeDB->hasValidPosition(node))
        return;
@@ -545,11 +446,11 @@ void drawCompassArrow(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16
    double nodeLat = node->position.latitude_i * 1e-7;
    double nodeLon = node->position.longitude_i * 1e-7;
    float bearing = GeoCoord::bearing(userLat, userLon, nodeLat, nodeLon);
-    float relativeBearing = CompassRenderer::adjustBearingForCompassMode(bearing, myHeadingRadian);
-    float relativeBearingDeg = CompassRenderer::radiansToDegrees360(relativeBearing);
+    float bearingToNode = RAD_TO_DEG * bearing;
+    float relativeBearing = fmod((bearingToNode - myHeading + 360), 360);
    // Shrink size by 2px
    int size = FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 5;
-    CompassRenderer::drawArrowToNode(display, centerX, centerY, size, relativeBearingDeg);
+    CompassRenderer::drawArrowToNode(display, centerX, centerY, size, relativeBearing);
    /*
    float angle = relativeBearing * DEG_TO_RAD;
    float halfSize = size / 2.0;
@@ -579,27 +480,12 @@ void drawCompassArrow(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16
    */
 }

-void drawCompassUnknown(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16_t x, int16_t y, int columnWidth, float, double,
-                        double)
-{
-    if (!nodeDB->hasValidPosition(node))
-        return;
-
-    bool isLeftCol = (x < SCREEN_WIDTH / 2);
-    int arrowXOffset = (currentResolution == ScreenResolution::High) ? (isLeftCol ? 22 : 24) : (isLeftCol ? 12 : 18);
-    int centerX = x + columnWidth - arrowXOffset;
-
-    display->setFont(FONT_SMALL);
-    display->setTextAlignment(TEXT_ALIGN_CENTER);
-    display->drawString(centerX, y, "?");
-}
-
 // =============================
 // Main Screen Functions
 // =============================

 void drawNodeListScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *title,
-                        EntryRenderer renderer, NodeExtrasRenderer extras, float headingRadian, double lat, double lon)
+                        EntryRenderer renderer, NodeExtrasRenderer extras, float heading, double lat, double lon)
 {
    const int COMMON_HEADER_HEIGHT = FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 1;
    const int rowYOffset = FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL - 3;
@@ -684,7 +570,7 @@ void drawNodeListScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t
        renderer(display, node, xPos, yPos, columnWidth);

        if (extras)
-            extras(display, node, xPos, yPos, columnWidth, headingRadian, lat, lon);
+            extras(display, node, xPos, yPos, columnWidth, heading, lat, lon);

        lastNodeY = max(lastNodeY, yPos + FONT_HEIGHT_SMALL);
        yOffset += rowYOffset;
@@ -764,9 +650,6 @@ void drawNodeListScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t
        display->fillRect(boxLeft, boxTop + boxHeight - 1, 1, 1);
        display->fillRect(boxLeft + boxWidth - 1, boxTop + boxHeight - 1, 1, 1);
        display->setColor(WHITE);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-        registerTFTActionMenuRegions(boxLeft, boxTop, boxWidth, boxHeight);
-#endif

        // Text
        display->drawString(boxLeft + padding, boxTop + padding, buf);
@@ -882,13 +765,9 @@ void drawDistanceScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t
 #endif
 void drawNodeListWithCompasses(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y)
 {
-    float headingRadian = 0.0f;
+    float heading = 0;
+    bool validHeading = false;
    auto ourNode = nodeDB->getMeshNode(nodeDB->getNodeNum());
-    if (!ourNode || !nodeDB->hasValidPosition(ourNode)) {
-        drawNodeListScreen(display, state, x, y, "Bearings", drawEntryCompass, drawCompassUnknown, headingRadian, 0.0, 0.0);
-        return;
-    }
-
    double lat = DegD(ourNode->position.latitude_i);
    double lon = DegD(ourNode->position.longitude_i);

@@ -900,12 +779,21 @@ void drawNodeListWithCompasses(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state,
        lastSwitchTime = now;
    }
 #endif
-    if (!CompassRenderer::getHeadingRadians(lat, lon, headingRadian)) {
-        drawNodeListScreen(display, state, x, y, "Bearings", drawEntryCompass, drawCompassUnknown, headingRadian, lat, lon);
-        return;
-    }
+    if (uiconfig.compass_mode != meshtastic_CompassMode_FREEZE_HEADING) {
+#if HAS_GPS
+        if (screen->hasHeading()) {
+            heading = screen->getHeading(); // degrees
+            validHeading = true;
+        } else {
+            heading = screen->estimatedHeading(lat, lon);
+            validHeading = !isnan(heading);
+        }
+#endif

-    drawNodeListScreen(display, state, x, y, "Bearings", drawEntryCompass, drawCompassArrow, headingRadian, lat, lon);
+        if (!validHeading)
+            return;
+    }
+    drawNodeListScreen(display, state, x, y, "Bearings", drawEntryCompass, drawCompassArrow, heading, lat, lon);
 }

 /// Draw a series of fields in a column, wrapping to multiple columns if needed
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ enum ListMode_Location { MODE_DISTANCE = 0, MODE_BEARING = 1, MODE_COUNT_LOCATIO

 // Main node list screen function
 void drawNodeListScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y, const char *title,
-                        EntryRenderer renderer, NodeExtrasRenderer extras = nullptr, float headingRadian = 0, double lat = 0,
+                        EntryRenderer renderer, NodeExtrasRenderer extras = nullptr, float heading = 0, double lat = 0,
                        double lon = 0);

 // Entry renderers
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ void drawEntryDynamic_Nodes(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node,
 void drawEntryCompass(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16_t x, int16_t y, int columnWidth);

 // Extras renderers
-void drawCompassArrow(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16_t x, int16_t y, int columnWidth,
-                      float myHeadingRadian, double userLat, double userLon);
+void drawCompassArrow(OLEDDisplay *display, meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node, int16_t x, int16_t y, int columnWidth, float myHeading,
+                      double userLat, double userLon);

 // Screen frame functions
 void drawLastHeardScreen(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@
 #include "UIRenderer.h"
 #include "graphics/ScreenFonts.h"
 #include "graphics/SharedUIDisplay.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTColorRegions.h"
-#include "graphics/TFTPalette.h"
 #include "graphics/images.h"
 #include "input/RotaryEncoderInterruptImpl1.h"
 #include "input/UpDownInterruptImpl1.h"
@@ -610,9 +608,6 @@ void NotificationRenderer::drawNotificationBox(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplay
    display->fillRect(boxLeft, boxTop + boxHeight - 1, 1, 1);
    display->fillRect(boxLeft + boxWidth - 1, boxTop + boxHeight - 1, 1, 1);
    display->setColor(WHITE);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-    registerTFTActionMenuRegions(boxLeft, boxTop, boxWidth, boxHeight);
-#endif

    // Draw Content
    int16_t lineY = boxTop + vPadding;
@@ -635,21 +630,7 @@ void NotificationRenderer::drawNotificationBox(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplay
            if (strchr(lineBuffer, 'p') || strchr(lineBuffer, 'g') || strchr(lineBuffer, 'y') || strchr(lineBuffer, 'j')) {
                background_yOffset = -1;
            }
-            const int16_t titleBarY = boxTop + 1;
-            const int16_t titleBarHeight = effectiveLineHeight - background_yOffset;
-            display->fillRect(boxLeft, titleBarY, boxWidth, titleBarHeight);
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-            if (alertBannerOptions > 0) {
-                const uint16_t titleTextColor =
-                    (getActiveTheme().id == ThemeID::DefaultLight) ? TFTPalette::Black : getThemeHeaderText();
-                // Keep title role away from border/corner pixels so rounded-corner masks are not remapped to the title text
-                // color.
-                if (boxWidth > 2 && titleBarHeight > 0) {
-                    setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::ActionMenuTitle, getThemeHeaderBg(), titleTextColor, boxLeft + 1,
-                                               titleBarY, boxWidth - 2, titleBarHeight);
-                }
-            }
-#endif
+            display->fillRect(boxLeft, boxTop + 1, boxWidth, effectiveLineHeight - background_yOffset);
            display->setColor(BLACK);
            int yOffset = 3;
            if (current_notification_type == notificationTypeEnum::node_picker) {
@@ -669,7 +650,6 @@ void NotificationRenderer::drawNotificationBox(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplay
                const int barSpacing = 2;
                const int barHeightStep = 2;
                const int gap = 6;
-                const int maxBarHeight = totalBars * barHeightStep;

                int textWidth = display->getStringWidth(lineBuffer, strlen(lineBuffer), true);
                int barsWidth = totalBars * barWidth + (totalBars - 1) * barSpacing + gap;
@@ -684,20 +664,6 @@ void NotificationRenderer::drawNotificationBox(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplay

                int baseX = groupStartX + textWidth + gap;
                int baseY = lineY + effectiveLineHeight - 1;
-#if GRAPHICS_TFT_COLORING_ENABLED
-                if (graphics::bannerSignalBars > 0) {
-                    uint16_t signalBarsColor = TFTPalette::Medium;
-                    if (graphics::bannerSignalBars <= 1) {
-                        signalBarsColor = TFTPalette::Bad;
-                    } else if (graphics::bannerSignalBars >= 4) {
-                        signalBarsColor = TFTPalette::Good;
-                    }
-                    const int activeBars = min(graphics::bannerSignalBars, totalBars);
-                    const int regionWidth = activeBars * barWidth + (activeBars - 1) * barSpacing;
-                    setAndRegisterTFTColorRole(TFTColorRole::SignalBars, signalBarsColor, TFTPalette::Black, baseX,
-                                               baseY - maxBarHeight, regionWidth, maxBarHeight);
-                }
-#endif
                for (int b = 0; b < totalBars; b++) {
                    int barHeight = (b + 1) * barHeightStep;
                    int x = baseX + b * (barWidth + barSpacing);
@@ -50,12 +50,10 @@ class UIRenderer
    // Navigation bar overlay
    static void drawNavigationBar(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state);

-    static void drawFavoriteNode(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);
+    static void drawNodeInfo(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);

    static void drawDeviceFocused(OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);

-    static void drawBootIconScreen(const char *upperMsg, OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);
-
    // Icon and screen drawing functions
    static void drawIconScreen(const char *upperMsg, OLEDDisplay *display, OLEDDisplayUiState *state, int16_t x, int16_t y);

@@ -25,116 +25,6 @@

 using namespace NicheGraphics::Drivers;

-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO_V2)
-// FastEPD helper symbols are defined in FastEPD.inl with C++ linkage.
-extern void bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(uint8_t pin, uint8_t value);
-extern uint8_t bbepPCA9535DigitalRead(uint8_t pin);
-extern int bbepI2CWrite(unsigned char iAddr, unsigned char *pData, int iLen);
-extern int bbepI2CReadRegister(unsigned char iAddr, unsigned char u8Register, unsigned char *pData, int iLen);
-#endif
-
-namespace
-{
-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO_V2)
-// FastEPD default V2 power callback blocks forever waiting for PWRGOOD.
-// Replace it with a timeout-safe version so boot never deadlocks.
-int safeEPDiyV7EinkPower(void *pBBEP, int bOn)
-{
-    static bool warnedPgood = false;
-    static bool warnedTpsPg = false;
-    static bool warnedTpsWrite = false;
-
-    FASTEPDSTATE *pState = static_cast<FASTEPDSTATE *>(pBBEP);
-    if (!pState) {
-        return BBEP_ERROR_BAD_PARAMETER;
-    }
-
-    if (bOn == pState->pwr_on) {
-        return BBEP_SUCCESS;
-    }
-
-    if (bOn) {
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(8, 1);  // OE on
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(9, 1);  // GMOD on
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(13, 1); // WAKEUP on
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(11, 1); // PWRUP on
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(12, 1); // VCOM CTRL on
-        delay(1);
-
-        const uint32_t pgoodStart = millis();
-        bool pgoodSeen = false;
-        while (!bbepPCA9535DigitalRead(14)) { // CFG_PIN_PWRGOOD
-            if ((millis() - pgoodStart) > 1200) {
-                if (!warnedPgood) {
-                    LOG_WARN("ED047TC1: PWRGOOD timeout, continuing with fallback power-on path");
-                    warnedPgood = true;
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-            delay(1);
-        }
-        if (bbepPCA9535DigitalRead(14)) {
-            pgoodSeen = true;
-        }
-
-        uint8_t ucTemp[4] = {0};
-        ucTemp[0] = 0x01; // TPS_REG_ENABLE
-        ucTemp[1] = 0x3f; // enable rails
-        const int tpsEnableRc = bbepI2CWrite(0x68, ucTemp, 2);
-
-        const int vcom = pState->iVCOM / -10;
-        ucTemp[0] = 3; // VCOM registers 3+4 (L + H)
-        ucTemp[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(vcom);
-        ucTemp[2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(vcom >> 8);
-        const int tpsVcomRc = bbepI2CWrite(0x68, ucTemp, 3);
-        if ((tpsEnableRc == 0 || tpsVcomRc == 0) && !warnedTpsWrite) {
-            LOG_WARN("ED047TC1: TPS write did not ACK, continuing with fallback");
-            warnedTpsWrite = true;
-        }
-
-        int iTimeout = 0;
-        uint8_t u8Value = 0;
-        while (iTimeout < 220 && ((u8Value & 0xfa) != 0xfa)) {
-            bbepI2CReadRegister(0x68, 0x0F, &u8Value, 1); // TPS_REG_PG
-            iTimeout++;
-            delay(1);
-        }
-        if (iTimeout >= 220 && !warnedTpsPg) {
-            if (pgoodSeen) {
-                LOG_WARN("ED047TC1: TPS power-good register timeout, panel may still work");
-            } else {
-                LOG_WARN("ED047TC1: TPS power-good register timeout after PWRGOOD fallback");
-            }
-            warnedTpsPg = true;
-        }
-
-        pState->pwr_on = 1;
-    } else {
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(8, 0);  // OE off
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(9, 0);  // GMOD off
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(11, 0); // PWRUP off
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(12, 0); // VCOM CTRL off
-        delay(1);
-        bbepPCA9535DigitalWrite(13, 0); // WAKEUP off
-        pState->pwr_on = 0;
-    }
-
-    return BBEP_SUCCESS;
-}
-#endif
-
-class SafeFastEPD : public FASTEPD
-{
-  public:
-    void installSafePowerHandler()
-    {
-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO_V2)
-        _state.pfnEinkPower = safeEPDiyV7EinkPower;
-#endif
-    }
-};
-} // namespace
-
 void ED047TC1::begin(SPIClass *spi, uint8_t pin_dc, uint8_t pin_cs, uint8_t pin_busy, uint8_t pin_rst)
 {
    // Parallel display — SPI parameters are not used
@@ -144,48 +34,24 @@ void ED047TC1::begin(SPIClass *spi, uint8_t pin_dc, uint8_t pin_cs, uint8_t pin_
    (void)pin_busy;
    (void)pin_rst;

-    SafeFastEPD *safeEpaper = new SafeFastEPD;
-    epaper = safeEpaper;
+    epaper = new FASTEPD;

-    int initRc = BBEP_ERROR_BAD_PARAMETER;
 #if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO_V1)
-    initRc = epaper->initPanel(BB_PANEL_LILYGO_T5PRO, 28000000);
+    epaper->initPanel(BB_PANEL_LILYGO_T5PRO, 28000000);
 #elif defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO_V2)
-    initRc = epaper->initPanel(BB_PANEL_LILYGO_T5PRO_V2, 28000000);
+    epaper->initPanel(BB_PANEL_LILYGO_T5PRO_V2, 28000000);
    // Initialize all PCA9535 port-0 pins as outputs / HIGH
    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        epaper->ioPinMode(i, OUTPUT);
        epaper->ioWrite(i, HIGH);
    }
-    // On this board, the physical side key is labeled IO48; electrically it maps to PCA9535 IO12 (bit 2 on port-1).
-    // FastEPD's generic V7 init drives 8..13 as outputs; force IO12 back to input
-    // so variant touch-control polling can read the key reliably.
-    epaper->ioPinMode(10, INPUT);
 #else
 #error "ED047TC1 driver: unsupported variant — define T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO_V1 or T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO_V2"
 #endif

-    if (initRc != BBEP_SUCCESS) {
-        LOG_ERROR("ED047TC1 initPanel failed rc=%d", initRc);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    safeEpaper->installSafePowerHandler();
-
-    const int modeRc = epaper->setMode(BB_MODE_1BPP);
-    if (modeRc != BBEP_SUCCESS) {
-        LOG_WARN("ED047TC1 setMode failed rc=%d", modeRc);
-    }
-
-    const int clearRc = epaper->clearWhite();
-    if (clearRc != BBEP_SUCCESS) {
-        LOG_WARN("ED047TC1 clearWhite failed rc=%d", clearRc);
-    }
-
-    const int fullRc = epaper->fullUpdate(true); // Blocking initial clear
-    if (fullRc != BBEP_SUCCESS) {
-        LOG_WARN("ED047TC1 initial fullUpdate failed rc=%d", fullRc);
-    }
+    epaper->setMode(BB_MODE_1BPP);
+    epaper->clearWhite();
+    epaper->fullUpdate(true); // Blocking initial clear
 }

 void ED047TC1::update(uint8_t *imageData, UpdateTypes type)
@@ -245,8 +111,9 @@ void ED047TC1::update(uint8_t *imageData, UpdateTypes type)
        epaper->fullUpdate(CLEAR_SLOW, false);
        epaper->backupPlane(); // Sync pPrevious so next partialUpdate has a correct baseline
    } else {
-        // FAST: true partial update - compares pCurrent vs pPrevious and only applies
-        // update waveform to rows that changed. partialUpdate() updates pPrevious.
+        // FAST: true partial update — compares pCurrent vs pPrevious and only applies
+        // the update waveform to rows that actually changed. Unchanged rows get a neutral
+        // signal (no visible effect). partialUpdate() updates pPrevious internally.
        epaper->partialUpdate(false, 0, dstTotalRows - 1);
    }
 }
@@ -104,15 +104,6 @@ class Applet : public GFX
    virtual void onFreeText(char c) {}
    virtual void onFreeTextDone() {}
    virtual void onFreeTextCancel() {}
-    // Absolute display-space touch point, for touch-friendly UI interactions.
-    // Return true if consumed.
-    virtual bool onTouchPoint(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress)
-    {
-        (void)x;
-        (void)y;
-        (void)longPress;
-        return false;
-    }
    // List of inputs which can be subscribed to
    enum InputMask {      // | No Joystick  |     With Joystick     |
        BUTTON_SHORT = 1, // | Button Click | Joystick Center Click |
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ void InkHUD::MapApplet::onRender(bool full)

        // Add white halo outline first
        constexpr int outlinePad = 1;
-        int boxSize = fontSmall.lineHeight() + 2; // scale with font so digit fits
-        int radius = max(2, boxSize / 6);
+        int boxSize = 11;
+        int radius = 2; // rounded corner radius

        // White halo background
        fillRoundedRect(x, y, boxSize + (outlinePad * 2), boxSize + (outlinePad * 2), radius + 1, WHITE);
@@ -143,19 +143,17 @@ void InkHUD::MapApplet::onRender(bool full)
        int16_t centerX = X(0.5) + (self.eastMeters * metersToPx);
        int16_t centerY = Y(0.5) - (self.northMeters * metersToPx);

-        int16_t r = fontSmall.lineHeight() / 2; // scale marker with font
-
        // White fill background + halo
-        fillCircle(centerX, centerY, r + 2, WHITE);
-        drawCircle(centerX, centerY, r + 2, WHITE);
+        fillCircle(centerX, centerY, 8, WHITE); // big white base
+        drawCircle(centerX, centerY, 8, WHITE); // crisp edge

        // Black bullseye on top
-        drawCircle(centerX, centerY, r, BLACK);
-        fillCircle(centerX, centerY, max(2, r / 4), BLACK);
+        drawCircle(centerX, centerY, 6, BLACK);
+        fillCircle(centerX, centerY, 2, BLACK);

        // Crosshairs
-        drawLine(centerX - r - 2, centerY, centerX + r + 2, centerY, BLACK);
-        drawLine(centerX, centerY - r - 2, centerX, centerY + r + 2, BLACK);
+        drawLine(centerX - 8, centerY, centerX + 8, centerY, BLACK);
+        drawLine(centerX, centerY - 8, centerX, centerY + 8, BLACK);
    }
 }

@@ -384,9 +382,9 @@ void InkHUD::MapApplet::drawLabeledMarker(meshtastic_NodeInfoLite *node)

    constexpr uint16_t paddingH = 2;
    constexpr uint16_t paddingW = 4;
-    uint16_t paddingInnerW = 2;                      // Zero'd out if no text
-    uint16_t markerSizeMax = fontSmall.lineHeight(); // Scale cross with font
-    uint16_t markerSizeMin = max(5, fontSmall.lineHeight() / 3);
+    uint16_t paddingInnerW = 2;            // Zero'd out if no text
+    constexpr uint16_t markerSizeMax = 12; // Size of cross (if marker uses a cross)
+    constexpr uint16_t markerSizeMin = 5;

    int16_t textX;
    int16_t textY;
@@ -1,545 +0,0 @@
-#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
-
-#include "./AppSwitcherApplet.h"
-
-#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/InkHUD.h"
-#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/Tile.h"
-
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cctype>
-
-using namespace NicheGraphics;
-
-namespace
-{
-static constexpr uint16_t BODY_MARGIN_X = 8;
-static constexpr uint16_t BODY_MARGIN_Y = 6;
-static constexpr uint16_t SLOT_GAP_X = 8;
-static constexpr uint16_t SLOT_GAP_Y = 8;
-static constexpr uint8_t ICON_RADIUS = 8;
-static constexpr uint16_t FOOTER_PAD = 4;
-static constexpr uint16_t LABEL_BOTTOM_PAD = 1;
-static constexpr uint16_t LABEL_GAP_Y = 1;
-static constexpr uint16_t TITLE_H_PAD = 8;
-
-static constexpr uint8_t GRID_COLS = 3;
-static constexpr uint8_t GRID_ROWS = 4;
-static constexpr uint8_t ICON_NATIVE_SIZE = 48;
-static constexpr uint8_t ICON_OUTLINE_STROKE = 1;
-
-enum class IconKind : uint8_t { GENERIC, ALL_MESSAGES, DMS, CHANNEL, POSITIONS, RECENTS, HEARD, FAVORITES };
-
-struct GridLayout {
-    uint16_t footerH = 0;
-    uint16_t bodyTop = 0;
-    uint16_t bodyBottom = 0;
-    uint16_t slotW = 0;
-    uint16_t slotH = 0;
-    uint16_t iconBox = 0;
-};
-
-/*
- * Icons sourced from Material Design Icons PNG set (Apache 2.0):
- * https://github.com/material-icons/material-icons-png
- *
- * Families used: outline-2x (48x48)
- * apps, markunread, chat, forum, place, history, hearing, star_border
- */
-static constexpr uint64_t icon_generic_apps[48] = {
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL,
-    0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL,
-    0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL,
-    0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x00FF0FF0FF00ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-};
-
-static constexpr uint64_t icon_all_messages[48] = {
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x07FFFFFFFFE0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL,
-    0x0FC0000003F0ULL, 0x0FE0000007F0ULL, 0x0FF800001FF0ULL, 0x0FFE00007FF0ULL, 0x0FFF0000FFF0ULL, 0x0F7FC003FEF0ULL,
-    0x0F1FE007F8F0ULL, 0x0F07F81FE0F0ULL, 0x0F03FE7FC0F0ULL, 0x0F00FFFF00F0ULL, 0x0F007FFE00F0ULL, 0x0F001FF800F0ULL,
-    0x0F0007E000F0ULL, 0x0F0003C000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL,
-    0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL,
-    0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x07FFFFFFFFE0ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-};
-
-static constexpr uint64_t icon_dms[48] = {
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x07FFFFFFFFE0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL,
-    0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL,
-    0x0F0FFFFFF0F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFFFF0F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFFFF0F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFFFF0F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL,
-    0x0F0FFFFFF0F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFFFF0F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFFFF0F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFFFF0F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL,
-    0x0F0FFFF000F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFF000F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFF000F0ULL, 0x0F0FFFF000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL,
-    0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F00000000F0ULL, 0x0F7FFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFFFE0ULL,
-    0x0FF000000000ULL, 0x0FE000000000ULL, 0x0FC000000000ULL, 0x0F8000000000ULL, 0x0F0000000000ULL, 0x0E0000000000ULL,
-    0x0C0000000000ULL, 0x080000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-};
-
-static constexpr uint64_t icon_channel[48] = {
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFC000ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFC000ULL,
-    0x0FFFFFFFC000ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFC000ULL, 0x0F000003C000ULL, 0x0F000003C000ULL, 0x0F000003C000ULL, 0x0F000003C000ULL,
-    0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F000003C3F0ULL,
-    0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F000003C3F0ULL, 0x0F7FFFFFC3F0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFC3F0ULL,
-    0x0FFFFFFFC3F0ULL, 0x0FFFFFFFC3F0ULL, 0x0FF0000003F0ULL, 0x0FE0000003F0ULL, 0x0FC0000003F0ULL, 0x0F80000003F0ULL,
-    0x0F0FFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0E0FFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x0C0FFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x080FFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x000FFFFFFFF0ULL, 0x000FFFFFFFF0ULL,
-    0x000000000FF0ULL, 0x0000000007F0ULL, 0x0000000003F0ULL, 0x0000000001F0ULL, 0x0000000000F0ULL, 0x000000000070ULL,
-    0x000000000030ULL, 0x000000000010ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-};
-
-static constexpr uint64_t icon_positions[48] = {
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x00001FF80000ULL, 0x00007FFE0000ULL,
-    0x0001FFFF8000ULL, 0x0003FFFFC000ULL, 0x0007FFFFE000ULL, 0x000FF00FF000ULL, 0x000FC003F000ULL, 0x001F8001F800ULL,
-    0x001F0000F800ULL, 0x003F07E0FC00ULL, 0x003E0FF07C00ULL, 0x003E1FF87C00ULL, 0x003E1FF87C00ULL, 0x003E1FF87C00ULL,
-    0x003E1FF87C00ULL, 0x003E1FF87C00ULL, 0x003E1FF87C00ULL, 0x003E0FF07C00ULL, 0x003E07E07C00ULL, 0x001F0000F800ULL,
-    0x001F0000F800ULL, 0x001F8001F800ULL, 0x000F8001F000ULL, 0x000FC003F000ULL, 0x0007C003E000ULL, 0x0007E007E000ULL,
-    0x0003F00FC000ULL, 0x0003F00FC000ULL, 0x0001F81F8000ULL, 0x0001FC3F8000ULL, 0x0000FC3F0000ULL, 0x00007E7E0000ULL,
-    0x00003FFC0000ULL, 0x00003FFC0000ULL, 0x00001FF80000ULL, 0x00000FF00000ULL, 0x00000FF00000ULL, 0x000007E00000ULL,
-    0x000003C00000ULL, 0x000001800000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-};
-
-static constexpr uint64_t icon_recents[48] = {
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-    0x00000FFF0000ULL, 0x00003FFFC000ULL, 0x0000FFFFF000ULL, 0x0001FFFFF800ULL, 0x0007FFFFFE00ULL, 0x000FF801FF00ULL,
-    0x000FE0007F00ULL, 0x001FC0003F80ULL, 0x003F00000FC0ULL, 0x003F00000FC0ULL, 0x007E00E007E0ULL, 0x007C00E003E0ULL,
-    0x00FC00E003F0ULL, 0x00F800E001F0ULL, 0x00F800E001F0ULL, 0x00F800E001F0ULL, 0x00F800E001F0ULL, 0x00F800E001F0ULL,
-    0x3FFFC0F001F0ULL, 0x1FFF80FC01F0ULL, 0x0FFF00FF01F0ULL, 0x07FE003F81F0ULL, 0x03FC001FC1F0ULL, 0x01F80007C3F0ULL,
-    0x00F0000183E0ULL, 0x0060000007E0ULL, 0x000000000FC0ULL, 0x000000000FC0ULL, 0x0001C0003F80ULL, 0x0003E0007F00ULL,
-    0x0007F801FF00ULL, 0x0007FFFFFE00ULL, 0x0001FFFFF800ULL, 0x0000FFFFF000ULL, 0x00003FFFC000ULL, 0x00000FFF0000ULL,
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-};
-
-static constexpr uint64_t icon_heard[48] = {
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000800000000ULL, 0x001C00000000ULL, 0x003E01FF8000ULL, 0x007F07FFE000ULL,
-    0x007E1FFFF800ULL, 0x00FC3FFFFC00ULL, 0x00F87FFFFE00ULL, 0x01F8FF00FF00ULL, 0x01F0FC003F00ULL, 0x01F1F8001F80ULL,
-    0x03E1F0000F80ULL, 0x03E3F07E0FC0ULL, 0x03E3E0FF07C0ULL, 0x03E3E1FF87C0ULL, 0x03E3E1FF87C0ULL, 0x03E3E1FF87C0ULL,
-    0x03E3E1FF8000ULL, 0x03E3E1FF8000ULL, 0x03E3E1FF8000ULL, 0x03E3E0FF0000ULL, 0x03E3F07E0000ULL, 0x03E1F0000000ULL,
-    0x01F1F8000000ULL, 0x01F1F8000000ULL, 0x01F8FC000000ULL, 0x00F87E000000ULL, 0x00FC7F800000ULL, 0x007E3FC00000ULL,
-    0x007F1FE00000ULL, 0x003E0FF00000ULL, 0x001C03F00000ULL, 0x000801F80000ULL, 0x000000F80000ULL, 0x000000FC0000ULL,
-    0x0000007C07C0ULL, 0x0000007E07C0ULL, 0x0000003F0FC0ULL, 0x0000003FFFC0ULL, 0x0000001FFF80ULL, 0x0000000FFF00ULL,
-    0x00000007FE00ULL, 0x00000003FC00ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-};
-
-static constexpr uint64_t icon_favorites[48] = {
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000001800000ULL, 0x000001800000ULL,
-    0x000003C00000ULL, 0x000003C00000ULL, 0x000003C00000ULL, 0x000007E00000ULL, 0x000007E00000ULL, 0x00000FF00000ULL,
-    0x00000FF00000ULL, 0x00001FF80000ULL, 0x00001FF80000ULL, 0x00001E780000ULL, 0x00003E7C0000ULL, 0x003FFC3FFC00ULL,
-    0x0FFFFC3FFFF0ULL, 0x0FFFF81FFFF0ULL, 0x03FFF81FFFC0ULL, 0x01F800001F80ULL, 0x00FC00003F00ULL, 0x007E00007E00ULL,
-    0x003F8001FC00ULL, 0x001FC003F800ULL, 0x000FE007F000ULL, 0x0003E007C000ULL, 0x0003E007C000ULL, 0x0003C003C000ULL,
-    0x0003C003C000ULL, 0x0003C3C3C000ULL, 0x0007CFF3E000ULL, 0x00079FF9E000ULL, 0x0007FFFFE000ULL, 0x0007FE7FE000ULL,
-    0x000FFC3FF000ULL, 0x000FF00FF000ULL, 0x000FC003F000ULL, 0x000F8001F000ULL, 0x001E00007000ULL, 0x001800001800ULL,
-    0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL, 0x000000000000ULL,
-};
-
-using IconBitmap = const uint64_t *;
-
-IconBitmap iconBitmapForKind(IconKind kind)
-{
-    switch (kind) {
-    case IconKind::ALL_MESSAGES:
-        return icon_all_messages;
-    case IconKind::DMS:
-        return icon_dms;
-    case IconKind::CHANNEL:
-        return icon_channel;
-    case IconKind::POSITIONS:
-        return icon_positions;
-    case IconKind::RECENTS:
-        return icon_recents;
-    case IconKind::HEARD:
-        return icon_heard;
-    case IconKind::FAVORITES:
-        return icon_favorites;
-    case IconKind::GENERIC:
-    default:
-        return icon_generic_apps;
-    }
-}
-
-GridLayout computeLayout(const InkHUD::Applet *applet)
-{
-    GridLayout layout;
-
-    const uint16_t w = applet->width();
-    const uint16_t h = applet->height();
-
-    layout.footerH = InkHUD::Applet::fontSmall.lineHeight() + (FOOTER_PAD * 2);
-    layout.bodyTop = BODY_MARGIN_Y;
-    layout.bodyBottom = (h > (layout.footerH + BODY_MARGIN_Y)) ? (h - layout.footerH - BODY_MARGIN_Y) : layout.bodyTop;
-
-    const uint16_t bodyW = (w > (BODY_MARGIN_X * 2)) ? (w - (BODY_MARGIN_X * 2)) : 1;
-    const uint16_t bodyH = (layout.bodyBottom > layout.bodyTop) ? (layout.bodyBottom - layout.bodyTop) : 1;
-    const uint16_t gapsX = SLOT_GAP_X * (GRID_COLS - 1);
-    const uint16_t gapsY = SLOT_GAP_Y * (GRID_ROWS - 1);
-
-    layout.slotW = (bodyW > gapsX) ? ((bodyW - gapsX) / GRID_COLS) : 1;
-    layout.slotH = (bodyH > gapsY) ? ((bodyH - gapsY) / GRID_ROWS) : 1;
-
-    const uint16_t maxIconW = (layout.slotW > 6) ? (layout.slotW - 6) : layout.slotW;
-    const uint16_t maxIconH = (layout.slotH > (InkHUD::Applet::fontSmall.lineHeight() + LABEL_GAP_Y + LABEL_BOTTOM_PAD + 6))
-                                  ? (layout.slotH - InkHUD::Applet::fontSmall.lineHeight() - LABEL_GAP_Y - LABEL_BOTTOM_PAD - 6)
-                                  : layout.slotH / 2;
-    layout.iconBox = std::max<uint16_t>(20, std::min<uint16_t>(maxIconW, maxIconH));
-    return layout;
-}
-
-std::string lowercase(const char *name)
-{
-    if (!name)
-        return "";
-    std::string out(name);
-    std::transform(out.begin(), out.end(), out.begin(), [](unsigned char c) { return (char)std::tolower(c); });
-    return out;
-}
-
-IconKind iconKindForAppletName(const char *name)
-{
-    const std::string lower = lowercase(name);
-    if (lower.find("all message") != std::string::npos || lower.find("messages") != std::string::npos)
-        return IconKind::ALL_MESSAGES;
-    if (lower.find("dm") != std::string::npos)
-        return IconKind::DMS;
-    if (lower.find("channel") != std::string::npos)
-        return IconKind::CHANNEL;
-    if (lower.find("position") != std::string::npos)
-        return IconKind::POSITIONS;
-    if (lower.find("recent") != std::string::npos)
-        return IconKind::RECENTS;
-    if (lower.find("heard") != std::string::npos)
-        return IconKind::HEARD;
-    if (lower.find("favorite") != std::string::npos)
-        return IconKind::FAVORITES;
-    return IconKind::GENERIC;
-}
-
-void drawIconBitmapScaled(InkHUD::Applet *applet, IconBitmap bmp48, int16_t left, int16_t top, uint16_t boxSize, uint16_t color)
-{
-    if (!bmp48 || boxSize == 0)
-        return;
-
-    auto srcOn = [bmp48](int16_t sx, int16_t sy) -> bool {
-        if (sx < 0 || sy < 0 || sx >= ICON_NATIVE_SIZE || sy >= ICON_NATIVE_SIZE)
-            return false;
-        const uint64_t rowBits = bmp48[sy];
-        return (rowBits & (1ULL << (47 - sx))) != 0;
-    };
-
-    for (uint16_t y = 0; y < boxSize; y++) {
-        const uint8_t srcY = (uint8_t)((y * ICON_NATIVE_SIZE) / boxSize);
-        for (uint16_t x = 0; x < boxSize; x++) {
-            const uint8_t srcX = (uint8_t)((x * ICON_NATIVE_SIZE) / boxSize);
-            if (!srcOn(srcX, srcY))
-                continue;
-
-            const uint16_t w = std::min<uint16_t>(ICON_OUTLINE_STROKE, boxSize - x);
-            const uint16_t h = std::min<uint16_t>(ICON_OUTLINE_STROKE, boxSize - y);
-            applet->fillRect(left + x, top + y, w, h, color);
-        }
-    }
-}
-} // namespace
-
-InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::AppSwitcherApplet()
-{
-    alwaysRender = true;
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::rebuildActiveAppletList()
-{
-    activeAppletIndices.clear();
-
-    const auto &settings = inkhud->persistence->settings;
-    const uint8_t tileCount = std::min<uint8_t>(settings.userTiles.count, Persistence::MAX_TILES_GLOBAL);
-    const uint8_t focusedTile = (tileCount > 0) ? std::min<uint8_t>(settings.userTiles.focused, tileCount - 1) : 0;
-
-    // Applets displayed on other tiles should not be selectable here.
-    std::vector<bool> occupiedOnOtherTiles(inkhud->userApplets.size(), false);
-    for (uint8_t tile = 0; tile < tileCount; tile++) {
-        if (tile == focusedTile)
-            continue;
-
-        const uint8_t appletIndex = settings.userTiles.displayedUserApplet[tile];
-        if (appletIndex < occupiedOnOtherTiles.size())
-            occupiedOnOtherTiles[appletIndex] = true;
-    }
-
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < inkhud->userApplets.size(); i++) {
-        Applet *a = inkhud->userApplets.at(i);
-        if (a && a->isActive() && !occupiedOnOtherTiles[i])
-            activeAppletIndices.push_back(i);
-    }
-}
-
-uint8_t InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::cardsPerPage() const
-{
-    return GRID_COLS * GRID_ROWS;
-}
-
-uint8_t InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::currentPage() const
-{
-    const uint8_t cpp = cardsPerPage();
-    if (cpp == 0)
-        return 0;
-    return selectedIndex / cpp;
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::stepPage(int8_t delta)
-{
-    if (activeAppletIndices.empty())
-        return;
-
-    const uint8_t cpp = cardsPerPage();
-    const uint8_t pageCount = std::max<uint8_t>(1, (activeAppletIndices.size() + cpp - 1) / cpp);
-    int16_t nextPage = (int16_t)currentPage() + delta;
-    while (nextPage < 0)
-        nextPage += pageCount;
-    while (nextPage >= pageCount)
-        nextPage -= pageCount;
-
-    selectedIndex = std::min<uint8_t>((uint8_t)(nextPage * cpp), activeAppletIndices.size() - 1);
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::clampSelection()
-{
-    if (activeAppletIndices.empty()) {
-        selectedIndex = 0;
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (selectedIndex >= activeAppletIndices.size())
-        selectedIndex = activeAppletIndices.size() - 1;
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::activateSelectedApplet()
-{
-    if (activeAppletIndices.empty()) {
-        sendToBackground();
-        requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    const uint8_t appletIndex = activeAppletIndices.at(selectedIndex);
-
-    sendToBackground();
-    inkhud->showApplet(appletIndex);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onForeground()
-{
-    rebuildActiveAppletList();
-    clampSelection();
-    handleInput = true;
-    lockRequests = true;
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onBackground()
-{
-    handleInput = false;
-    lockRequests = false;
-
-    if (borrowedTileOwner)
-        borrowedTileOwner->bringToForeground();
-
-    Tile *t = getTile();
-    if (t)
-        t->assignApplet(borrowedTileOwner);
-    borrowedTileOwner = nullptr;
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::show(Tile *t)
-{
-    if (!t)
-        return;
-
-    borrowedTileOwner = t->getAssignedApplet();
-    if (borrowedTileOwner)
-        borrowedTileOwner->sendToBackground();
-
-    t->assignApplet(this);
-    bringToForeground();
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onRender(bool full)
-{
-    (void)full;
-
-    const GridLayout layout = computeLayout(this);
-    const uint8_t cpp = cardsPerPage();
-    const uint8_t page = currentPage();
-    const uint8_t pageStart = page * cpp;
-
-    setFont(fontMedium);
-    setTextColor(BLACK);
-
-    fillRect(0, 0, width(), height(), WHITE);
-    drawRect(0, 0, width(), height(), BLACK);
-
-    if (activeAppletIndices.empty()) {
-        setFont(fontSmall);
-        printAt(width() / 2, height() / 2, "No Available Applets", CENTER, MIDDLE);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < cpp; i++) {
-        const uint8_t idx = pageStart + i;
-        if (idx >= activeAppletIndices.size())
-            break;
-
-        const uint8_t row = i / GRID_COLS;
-        const uint8_t col = i % GRID_COLS;
-        const int16_t slotL = BODY_MARGIN_X + (col * (layout.slotW + SLOT_GAP_X));
-        const int16_t slotT = layout.bodyTop + (row * (layout.slotH + SLOT_GAP_Y));
-        const bool selected = (idx == selectedIndex);
-
-        const uint8_t appletIndex = activeAppletIndices.at(idx);
-        Applet *a = inkhud->userApplets.at(appletIndex);
-        if (!a)
-            continue;
-
-        const int16_t iconLeft = slotL + ((layout.slotW - layout.iconBox) / 2);
-        const int16_t iconTop = slotT + 1;
-
-        // Requested style: icon in outlined rounded square only (no filled box, no outer app card).
-        drawRoundRect(iconLeft, iconTop, layout.iconBox, layout.iconBox, ICON_RADIUS, BLACK);
-        if (selected)
-            drawRoundRect(iconLeft + 2, iconTop + 2, layout.iconBox - 4, layout.iconBox - 4, ICON_RADIUS, BLACK);
-
-        const IconBitmap bmp = iconBitmapForKind(iconKindForAppletName(a->name));
-        drawIconBitmapScaled(this, bmp, iconLeft + 3, iconTop + 3, layout.iconBox - 6, BLACK);
-
-        setFont(fontSmall);
-        std::string label = a->name ? a->name : "Applet";
-        const uint16_t maxLabelW = layout.slotW > 4 ? (layout.slotW - 4) : layout.slotW;
-        if (getTextWidth(label) > maxLabelW) {
-            while (!label.empty() && getTextWidth(label + "...") > maxLabelW)
-                label.pop_back();
-            label = label.empty() ? "..." : label + "...";
-        }
-        const int16_t labelY = iconTop + layout.iconBox + LABEL_GAP_Y;
-        setTextColor(BLACK);
-        printAt(slotL + (layout.slotW / 2), labelY, label.c_str(), CENTER, TOP);
-
-        if (a->isForeground())
-            fillCircle(iconLeft + layout.iconBox - 4, iconTop + 4, 2, BLACK);
-    }
-
-    const uint8_t pageCount = std::max<uint8_t>(1, (activeAppletIndices.size() + cpp - 1) / cpp);
-    if (pageCount > 1) {
-        setFont(fontSmall);
-        setTextColor(BLACK);
-        const int16_t footerY = height() - layout.footerH + FOOTER_PAD;
-        printAt(TITLE_H_PAD, footerY, "<", LEFT, TOP);
-        printAt(width() - TITLE_H_PAD, footerY, ">", RIGHT, TOP);
-        const std::string pageText = std::to_string(page + 1) + "/" + std::to_string(pageCount);
-        printAt(width() / 2, footerY, pageText.c_str(), CENTER, TOP);
-    }
-}
-
-bool InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onTouchPoint(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress)
-{
-    (void)longPress;
-
-    Tile *t = getTile();
-    if (!t || activeAppletIndices.empty())
-        return true;
-
-    const uint16_t tileL = t->getLeft();
-    const uint16_t tileT = t->getTop();
-    const uint16_t tileR = tileL + t->getWidth();
-    const uint16_t tileB = tileT + t->getHeight();
-    if (x < tileL || x >= tileR || y < tileT || y >= tileB)
-        return false;
-
-    const GridLayout layout = computeLayout(this);
-    const uint8_t cpp = cardsPerPage();
-    const uint8_t page = currentPage();
-    const uint8_t pageStart = page * cpp;
-    const int16_t localX = (int16_t)x - (int16_t)tileL;
-    const int16_t localY = (int16_t)y - (int16_t)tileT;
-
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < cpp; i++) {
-        const uint8_t idx = pageStart + i;
-        if (idx >= activeAppletIndices.size())
-            break;
-
-        const uint8_t row = i / GRID_COLS;
-        const uint8_t col = i % GRID_COLS;
-        const int16_t slotL = BODY_MARGIN_X + (col * (layout.slotW + SLOT_GAP_X));
-        const int16_t slotT = layout.bodyTop + (row * (layout.slotH + SLOT_GAP_Y));
-
-        if (localX < slotL || localX >= (slotL + (int16_t)layout.slotW))
-            continue;
-        if (localY < slotT || localY >= (slotT + (int16_t)layout.slotH))
-            continue;
-
-        selectedIndex = idx;
-        clampSelection();
-        activateSelectedApplet();
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    const uint8_t pageCount = std::max<uint8_t>(1, (activeAppletIndices.size() + cpp - 1) / cpp);
-    if (pageCount <= 1)
-        return true;
-
-    const int16_t footerTop = height() - layout.footerH;
-    if (localY >= footerTop) {
-        if (localX < (int16_t)(width() / 3))
-            stepPage(-1);
-        else if (localX >= (int16_t)((width() * 2) / 3))
-            stepPage(1);
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onButtonShortPress()
-{
-    if (activeAppletIndices.empty())
-        return;
-
-    selectedIndex = (selectedIndex + 1) % activeAppletIndices.size();
-    clampSelection();
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onButtonLongPress()
-{
-    activateSelectedApplet();
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onExitShort()
-{
-    sendToBackground();
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onNavUp()
-{
-    if (activeAppletIndices.empty())
-        return;
-
-    if (selectedIndex == 0)
-        selectedIndex = activeAppletIndices.size() - 1;
-    else
-        selectedIndex--;
-
-    clampSelection();
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::AppSwitcherApplet::onNavDown()
-{
-    if (activeAppletIndices.empty())
-        return;
-
-    selectedIndex = (selectedIndex + 1) % activeAppletIndices.size();
-    clampSelection();
-    requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-}
-
-#endif
@@ -1,51 +0,0 @@
-#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/SystemApplet.h"
-
-#include <vector>
-
-namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
-{
-
-class Tile;
-
-class AppSwitcherApplet : public SystemApplet
-{
-  public:
-    AppSwitcherApplet();
-
-    void onForeground() override;
-    void onBackground() override;
-    void onRender(bool full) override;
-
-    void onButtonShortPress() override;
-    void onButtonLongPress() override;
-    void onExitShort() override;
-    void onNavUp() override;
-    void onNavDown() override;
-    bool onTouchPoint(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress) override;
-
-    // Open the app switcher on a user tile and temporarily replace the tile's owner.
-    void show(Tile *t);
-
-  private:
-    void rebuildActiveAppletList();
-    void clampSelection();
-    uint8_t cardsPerPage() const;
-    uint8_t currentPage() const;
-    void stepPage(int8_t delta);
-    void activateSelectedApplet();
-
-    std::vector<uint8_t> activeAppletIndices;
-    uint8_t selectedIndex = 0;
-
-    Applet *borrowedTileOwner = nullptr;
-};
-
-} // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
-
-#endif
@@ -1,100 +1,155 @@
 #ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
 #include "./KeyboardApplet.h"

-#include <cctype>
-
 using namespace NicheGraphics;

-namespace
-{
-bool usePortraitKeyboardSizing()
-{
-    InkHUD::InkHUD *inkhud = InkHUD::InkHUD::getInstance();
-    return inkhud && inkhud->height() > inkhud->width();
-}
-} // namespace
-
 InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::KeyboardApplet()
 {
-    mode = MODE_TEXT;
-    lastTypingMode = MODE_TEXT;
-    emotePage = 0;
-    selectedKey = 0;
-    prevSelectedKey = 0;
-    normalizeSelection();
+    // Calculate row widths
+    for (uint8_t row = 0; row < KBD_ROWS; row++) {
+        rowWidths[row] = 0;
+        for (uint8_t col = 0; col < KBD_COLS; col++)
+            rowWidths[row] += keyWidths[row * KBD_COLS + col];
+    }
 }

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
-    const bool showSelection = showSelectionHighlight();
+    uint16_t em = fontSmall.lineHeight(); // 16 pt
+    uint16_t keyH = Y(1.0) / KBD_ROWS;
+    int16_t keyTopPadding = (keyH - fontSmall.lineHeight()) / 2;

-    if (full) {
-        for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KBD_KEY_COUNT; i++)
-            drawKey(i, showSelection && i == selectedKey);
-    } else if (showSelection && selectedKey != prevSelectedKey) {
-        drawKey(prevSelectedKey, false);
-        drawKey(selectedKey, true);
+    if (full) { // Draw full keyboard
+        for (uint8_t row = 0; row < KBD_ROWS; row++) {
+
+            // Calculate the remaining space to be used as padding
+            int16_t keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+
+            // Draw keys
+            uint16_t xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t col = 0; col < KBD_COLS; col++) {
+                Color fgcolor = BLACK;
+                uint8_t index = row * KBD_COLS + col;
+                uint16_t keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + ((col * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+                uint16_t keyY = row * keyH;
+                uint16_t keyW = (keyWidths[index] * em) >> 4;
+                if (index == selectedKey) {
+                    fgcolor = WHITE;
+                    fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, BLACK);
+                }
+                drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[index], fgcolor);
+                xPos += keyWidths[index];
+            }
+        }
+    } else { // Only draw the difference
+        if (selectedKey != prevSelectedKey) {
+            // Draw previously selected key
+            uint8_t row = prevSelectedKey / KBD_COLS;
+            int16_t keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+            uint16_t xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t i = prevSelectedKey - (prevSelectedKey % KBD_COLS); i < prevSelectedKey; i++)
+                xPos += keyWidths[i];
+            uint16_t keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + (((prevSelectedKey % KBD_COLS) * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+            uint16_t keyY = row * keyH;
+            uint16_t keyW = (keyWidths[prevSelectedKey] * em) >> 4;
+            fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, WHITE);
+            drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[prevSelectedKey], BLACK);
+
+            // Draw newly selected key
+            row = selectedKey / KBD_COLS;
+            keyXPadding = X(1.0) - ((rowWidths[row] * em) >> 4);
+            xPos = 0;
+            for (uint8_t i = selectedKey - (selectedKey % KBD_COLS); i < selectedKey; i++)
+                xPos += keyWidths[i];
+            keyX = ((xPos * em) >> 4) + (((selectedKey % KBD_COLS) * keyXPadding) / (KBD_COLS - 1));
+            keyY = row * keyH;
+            keyW = (keyWidths[selectedKey] * em) >> 4;
+            fillRect(keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH, BLACK);
+            drawKeyLabel(keyX, keyY + keyTopPadding, keyW, keys[selectedKey], WHITE);
+        }
    }

    prevSelectedKey = selectedKey;
 }

-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::drawKey(uint8_t index, bool selected)
+// Draw the key label corresponding to the char
+// for most keys it draws the character itself
+// for ['\b', '\n', ' ', '\x1b'] it draws special glyphs
+void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::drawKeyLabel(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, char key, Color color)
 {
-    uint16_t keyX = 0;
-    uint16_t keyY = 0;
-    uint16_t keyW = 0;
-    uint16_t keyH = 0;
-    if (!getKeyBounds(index, keyX, keyY, keyW, keyH))
-        return;
-    if (keyW == 0 || keyH == 0)
-        return;
-
-    // Translate absolute tile coordinates into applet-local coordinates.
-    const int16_t localX = keyX - getTile()->getLeft();
-    const int16_t localY = keyY - getTile()->getTop();
-    const bool enabled = isKeyEnabledAt(index);
-
-    // Clean background first so hidden keys never leave stale pixels when mode changes.
-    fillRect(localX, localY, keyW, keyH, WHITE);
-
-    if (!enabled)
-        return;
-
-    fillRoundRect(localX, localY, keyW, keyH, KEY_RADIUS, selected ? BLACK : WHITE);
-    drawRoundRect(localX, localY, keyW, keyH, KEY_RADIUS, BLACK);
-
-    const int16_t labelTop = localY + ((keyH - fontSmall.lineHeight()) / 2);
-    drawKeyLabel(localX, labelTop, keyW, getKeyLabelAt(index), selected ? WHITE : BLACK);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::drawKeyLabel(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, const std::string &label, Color color)
-{
-    if (label.empty())
-        return;
-
-    setTextColor(color);
-    uint16_t textW = getTextWidth(label);
-    if (textW > width) {
-        // Keep labels readable in narrow keys.
-        textW = getTextWidth("..");
-        printAt(left + ((width - textW) >> 1), top, "..");
-        return;
+    if (key == '\b') {
+        // Draw backspace glyph: 13 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *         [][][][][][][][][]
+         *       [][]              []
+         *     [][]    []      []  []
+         *   [][]        []  []    []
+         * [][]            []      []
+         *   [][]        []  []    []
+         *     [][]    []      []  []
+         *       [][]              []
+         *         [][][][][][][][][]
+         */
+        const uint8_t bsBitmap[] = {0x0f, 0xf8, 0x18, 0x08, 0x32, 0x28, 0x61, 0x48, 0xc0,
+                                    0x88, 0x61, 0x48, 0x32, 0x28, 0x18, 0x08, 0x0f, 0xf8};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 13) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, bsBitmap, 13, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == '\n') {
+        // Draw done glyph: 12 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *                     [][]
+         *                   [][]
+         *                 [][]
+         *               [][]
+         *             [][]
+         * [][]      [][]
+         *   [][]  [][]
+         *     [][][]
+         *       []
+         */
+        const uint8_t doneBitmap[] = {0x00, 0x30, 0x00, 0x60, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01, 0x80, 0x03,
+                                      0x00, 0xc6, 0x00, 0x6c, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x10, 0x00};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 12) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, doneBitmap, 12, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == ' ') {
+        // Draw space glyph: 13 x 9 px
+        /**
+         *
+         *
+         *
+         *
+         * []                      []
+         * []                      []
+         * [][][][][][][][][][][][][]
+         *
+         *
+         */
+        const uint8_t spaceBitmap[] = {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x80,
+                                       0x08, 0x80, 0x08, 0xff, 0xf8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - 13) >> 1;
+        drawBitmap(left + leftPadding, top + 1, spaceBitmap, 13, 9, color);
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        setTextColor(color);
+        std::string keyText = "ESC";
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - getTextWidth(keyText)) >> 1;
+        printAt(left + leftPadding, top, keyText);
+    } else {
+        setTextColor(color);
+        if (key >= 0x61)
+            key -= 32; // capitalize
+        std::string keyText = std::string(1, key);
+        uint16_t leftPadding = (width - getTextWidth(keyText)) >> 1;
+        printAt(left + leftPadding, top, keyText);
    }
-
-    uint16_t leftPadding = (width - textW) >> 1;
-    printAt(left + leftPadding, top, label);
 }

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onForeground()
 {
-    handleInput = true;
-    mode = MODE_TEXT;
-    lastTypingMode = MODE_TEXT;
-    emotePage = 0;
+    handleInput = true; // Intercept the button input for our applet
+
+    // Select the first key
    selectedKey = 0;
    prevSelectedKey = 0;
-    normalizeSelection();
 }

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onBackground()
@@ -104,12 +159,32 @@ void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onBackground()

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onButtonShortPress()
 {
-    inputSelectedKey(false);
+    char key = keys[selectedKey];
+    if (key == '\n') {
+        inkhud->freeTextDone();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else {
+        inkhud->freeText(key);
+    }
 }

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onButtonLongPress()
 {
-    inputSelectedKey(true);
+    char key = keys[selectedKey];
+    if (key == '\n') {
+        inkhud->freeTextDone();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else if (key == '\x1b') {
+        inkhud->freeTextCancel();
+        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
+    } else {
+        if (key >= 0x61)
+            key -= 32; // capitalize
+        inkhud->freeText(key);
+    }
 }

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onExitShort()
@@ -126,377 +201,57 @@ void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onExitLong()

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavUp()
 {
-    if (selectedKey < KBD_COLS)
+    if (selectedKey < KBD_COLS) // wrap
        selectedKey += KBD_COLS * (KBD_ROWS - 1);
-    else
+    else // move 1 row back
        selectedKey -= KBD_COLS;

-    normalizeSelection();
-    requestFastKeyboardRefresh();
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
 }

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavDown()
 {
    selectedKey += KBD_COLS;
-    selectedKey %= KBD_KEY_COUNT;
-    normalizeSelection();
-    requestFastKeyboardRefresh();
+    selectedKey %= (KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS);
+
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
 }

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavLeft()
 {
-    if (selectedKey % KBD_COLS == 0)
+    if (selectedKey % KBD_COLS == 0) // wrap
        selectedKey += KBD_COLS - 1;
-    else
+    else // move 1 column back
        selectedKey--;

-    normalizeSelection();
-    requestFastKeyboardRefresh();
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
 }

 void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onNavRight()
 {
-    if (selectedKey % KBD_COLS == KBD_COLS - 1)
+    if (selectedKey % KBD_COLS == KBD_COLS - 1) // wrap
        selectedKey -= KBD_COLS - 1;
-    else
+    else // move 1 column forward
        selectedKey++;

-    normalizeSelection();
-    requestFastKeyboardRefresh();
-}
-
-bool InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::onTouchPoint(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress)
-{
-    // If touch is outside our tile, let other handlers process it.
-    if (!getTile())
-        return false;
-    const uint16_t tileL = getTile()->getLeft();
-    const uint16_t tileT = getTile()->getTop();
-    const uint16_t tileR = tileL + getTile()->getWidth();
-    const uint16_t tileB = tileT + getTile()->getHeight();
-    if (x < tileL || x >= tileR || y < tileT || y >= tileB)
-        return false;
-
-    const int16_t hitIndex = getKeyIndexAt(x, y);
-    // Consume touches that land in keyboard whitespace/disabled cells so we don't
-    // fall back to generic short-press behavior (which would type the old selection).
-    if (hitIndex < 0)
-        return true;
-
-    const uint8_t newSelected = (uint8_t)hitIndex;
-    if (selectedKey != newSelected) {
-        selectedKey = newSelected;
-        normalizeSelection();
-        if (showSelectionHighlight())
-            requestFastKeyboardRefresh();
-    }
-
-    if (!isKeyEnabledAt(selectedKey))
-        return true;
-
-    inputSelectedKey(longPress);
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::getKeyBounds(uint8_t index, uint16_t &left, uint16_t &top, uint16_t &width, uint16_t &height)
-{
-    if (index >= KBD_KEY_COUNT || !getTile())
-        return false;
-
-    const uint16_t tileW = getTile()->getWidth();
-    const uint16_t tileH = getTile()->getHeight();
-    const uint16_t tileL = getTile()->getLeft();
-    const uint16_t tileT = getTile()->getTop();
-    const uint8_t row = index / KBD_COLS;
-    const uint8_t col = index % KBD_COLS;
-
-    const uint16_t totalGapY = KEY_GAP_Y * (KBD_ROWS + 1);
-    const uint16_t keyH = (tileH > totalGapY) ? ((tileH - totalGapY) / KBD_ROWS) : (tileH / KBD_ROWS);
-    top = tileT + KEY_GAP_Y + row * (keyH + KEY_GAP_Y);
-    height = keyH;
-
-    const uint16_t totalGapX = KEY_GAP_X * (KBD_COLS + 1);
-    const uint16_t rowSpace = (tileW > totalGapX) ? (tileW - totalGapX) : tileW;
-    uint32_t rowUnits = 0;
-    const uint8_t rowStart = row * KBD_COLS;
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KBD_COLS; i++) {
-        rowUnits += getKeyWidthAt(rowStart + i);
-    }
-    if (rowUnits == 0)
-        return false;
-
-    uint32_t cursorX = tileL + KEY_GAP_X;
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < col; i++) {
-        const uint8_t rowIndex = rowStart + i;
-        const uint32_t keyW = ((uint32_t)rowSpace * getKeyWidthAt(rowIndex)) / rowUnits;
-        cursorX += keyW + KEY_GAP_X;
-    }
-
-    left = (uint16_t)cursorX;
-
-    if (col == (KBD_COLS - 1)) {
-        const uint32_t rightEdge = tileL + tileW - KEY_GAP_X;
-        width = (rightEdge > cursorX) ? (uint16_t)(rightEdge - cursorX) : 0;
-    } else {
-        width = (uint16_t)(((uint32_t)rowSpace * getKeyWidthAt(index)) / rowUnits);
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-int16_t InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::getKeyIndexAt(uint16_t x, uint16_t y)
-{
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KBD_KEY_COUNT; i++) {
-        uint16_t keyL = 0;
-        uint16_t keyT = 0;
-        uint16_t keyW = 0;
-        uint16_t keyH = 0;
-        if (!getKeyBounds(i, keyL, keyT, keyW, keyH))
-            return -1;
-
-        if (keyW == 0 || keyH == 0)
-            continue;
-
-        if (x >= keyL && x < (keyL + keyW) && y >= keyT && y < (keyT + keyH))
-            return i;
-    }
-
-    return -1;
-}
-
-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::inputSelectedKey(bool longPress)
-{
-    inputKeyCode(getKeyCodeAt(selectedKey), longPress);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::inputKeyCode(int16_t keyCode, bool longPress)
-{
-    if (keyCode == KEY_NONE)
-        return;
-
-    if (keyCode >= KEY_EMOTE_SLOT_BASE) {
-        const uint8_t slot = (uint8_t)(keyCode - KEY_EMOTE_SLOT_BASE);
-        const uint16_t emoteIndex = emotePage * EMOTE_SLOT_COUNT + slot;
-        if (emoteIndex < fontEmoteCount)
-            inkhud->freeText((char)fontEmotes[emoteIndex]);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    switch (keyCode) {
-    case KEY_BACKSPACE:
-        inkhud->freeText('\b');
-        return;
-    case KEY_SEND:
-        inkhud->freeTextDone();
-        inkhud->closeKeyboard();
-        return;
-    case KEY_EMOTE_TOGGLE:
-        toggleEmoteMode();
-        return;
-    case KEY_PUNCT_TOGGLE:
-    case KEY_ALPHA_TOGGLE:
-        togglePunctuationMode();
-        return;
-    case KEY_EMOTE_UP:
-        pageEmotes(false);
-        return;
-    case KEY_EMOTE_DOWN:
-        pageEmotes(true);
-        return;
-    default:
-        break;
-    }
-
-    if (keyCode >= 0 && keyCode <= 0xFF) {
-        char key = (char)keyCode;
-        if (longPress && key >= 'a' && key <= 'z')
-            key = (char)std::toupper((unsigned char)key);
-        inkhud->freeText(key);
-    }
-}
-
-int16_t InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::getKeyCodeAt(uint8_t index) const
-{
-    if (index >= KBD_KEY_COUNT)
-        return KEY_NONE;
-
-    if (mode == MODE_TEXT)
-        return textKeys[index];
-    if (mode == MODE_PUNCT)
-        return punctKeys[index];
-
-    // Emote mode
-    if (index < EMOTE_SLOT_COUNT) {
-        const uint16_t emoteIndex = emotePage * EMOTE_SLOT_COUNT + index;
-        if (emoteIndex < fontEmoteCount)
-            return KEY_EMOTE_SLOT_BASE + index;
-        return KEY_NONE;
-    }
-
-    // Emote controls on the bottom row
-    switch (index - EMOTE_SLOT_COUNT) {
-    case 0:
-        return KEY_EMOTE_UP;
-    case 1:
-        return KEY_EMOTE_DOWN;
-    case 2:
-        return KEY_ALPHA_TOGGLE;
-    case 3:
-        return ',';
-    case 4:
-        return ' ';
-    case 5:
-        return '.';
-    case 6:
-        return KEY_SEND;
-    case 7:
-        return KEY_BACKSPACE;
-    default:
-        return KEY_NONE;
-    }
-}
-
-uint16_t InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::getKeyWidthAt(uint8_t index) const
-{
-    if (index >= KBD_KEY_COUNT)
-        return 0;
-
-    if (mode == MODE_EMOTE)
-        return emoteKeyWidths[index];
-    return typingKeyWidths[index];
-}
-
-std::string InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::getKeyLabelAt(uint8_t index) const
-{
-    const int16_t keyCode = getKeyCodeAt(index);
-    if (keyCode == KEY_NONE)
-        return "";
-
-    if (keyCode >= KEY_EMOTE_SLOT_BASE) {
-        const uint8_t slot = (uint8_t)(keyCode - KEY_EMOTE_SLOT_BASE);
-        const uint16_t emoteIndex = emotePage * EMOTE_SLOT_COUNT + slot;
-        if (emoteIndex < fontEmoteCount)
-            return std::string(1, (char)fontEmotes[emoteIndex]);
-        return "";
-    }
-
-    switch (keyCode) {
-    case KEY_BACKSPACE:
-        return "DEL";
-    case KEY_SEND:
-        return "SEND";
-    case KEY_EMOTE_TOGGLE:
-        return std::string(1, (char)0x03); // Smiling face icon from InkHUD emote font map
-    case KEY_PUNCT_TOGGLE:
-        return "!#1";
-    case KEY_ALPHA_TOGGLE:
-        return "ABC";
-    case KEY_EMOTE_UP:
-        return "UP";
-    case KEY_EMOTE_DOWN:
-        return "DN";
-    default:
-        break;
-    }
-
-    if (keyCode >= 0 && keyCode <= 0xFF) {
-        const char c = (char)keyCode;
-        if (c == ' ')
-            return "SPACE";
-        if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
-            return std::string(1, (char)std::toupper((unsigned char)c));
-        return std::string(1, c);
-    }
-
-    return "";
-}
-
-bool InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::isKeyEnabledAt(uint8_t index) const
-{
-    return getKeyCodeAt(index) != KEY_NONE;
-}
-
-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::normalizeSelection()
-{
-    if (selectedKey >= KBD_KEY_COUNT)
-        selectedKey = 0;
-
-    if (isKeyEnabledAt(selectedKey))
-        return;
-
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < KBD_KEY_COUNT; i++) {
-        if (isKeyEnabledAt(i)) {
-            selectedKey = i;
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::togglePunctuationMode()
-{
-    if (mode == MODE_EMOTE) {
-        mode = lastTypingMode;
-    } else {
-        mode = (mode == MODE_TEXT) ? MODE_PUNCT : MODE_TEXT;
-        lastTypingMode = mode;
-    }
-
-    normalizeSelection();
-    requestFastKeyboardRefresh(true);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::toggleEmoteMode()
-{
-    if (mode == MODE_EMOTE) {
-        mode = lastTypingMode;
-    } else {
-        lastTypingMode = mode;
-        mode = MODE_EMOTE;
-    }
-
-    emotePage = 0;
-    normalizeSelection();
-    requestFastKeyboardRefresh(true);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::pageEmotes(bool down)
-{
-    if (mode != MODE_EMOTE)
-        return;
-
-    const uint8_t maxPage = (fontEmoteCount == 0) ? 0 : (uint8_t)((fontEmoteCount - 1) / EMOTE_SLOT_COUNT);
-
-    if (down) {
-        if (emotePage < maxPage)
-            emotePage++;
-    } else {
-        if (emotePage > 0)
-            emotePage--;
-    }
-
-    normalizeSelection();
-    requestFastKeyboardRefresh(true);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::requestFastKeyboardRefresh(bool full)
-{
-    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, full);
-}
-
-bool InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::showSelectionHighlight() const
-{
-    // On touch-capable devices, prioritize input throughput over per-key highlight updates.
-    // E-ink refresh can lag rapid taps; skipping highlight avoids update-induced input latency.
-    return !inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider();
+    // Request rendering over the previously drawn render
+    requestUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST, false);
+    // Force an update to bypass lockRequests
+    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
 }

 uint16_t InkHUD::KeyboardApplet::getKeyboardHeight()
 {
-    // Keep touch keys tall and roomy for finger input.
-    // In portrait orientation we increase row height for larger touch targets.
-    const uint16_t rowUnit = fontSmall.lineHeight() + 8;
-    const uint8_t rowScale = usePortraitKeyboardSizing() ? 3 : 2;
-    const uint16_t keyH = rowUnit * rowScale;
-    return (keyH * KBD_ROWS) + (KEY_GAP_Y * (KBD_ROWS + 1));
+    const uint16_t keyH = fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.2;
+    return keyH * KBD_ROWS;
 }
 #endif
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ System Applet to render an on-screen keyboard
 #include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/InkHUD.h"
 #include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/SystemApplet.h"
 #include <string>
-
 namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
 {

@@ -32,111 +31,34 @@ class KeyboardApplet : public SystemApplet
    void onNavDown() override;
    void onNavLeft() override;
    void onNavRight() override;
-    bool onTouchPoint(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress) override;

    static uint16_t getKeyboardHeight(); // used to set the keyboard tile height

  private:
-    enum KeyCode : int16_t {
-        KEY_NONE = -1,
-        KEY_BACKSPACE = 256,
-        KEY_SEND,
-        KEY_EMOTE_TOGGLE,
-        KEY_PUNCT_TOGGLE,
-        KEY_ALPHA_TOGGLE,
-        KEY_EMOTE_UP,
-        KEY_EMOTE_DOWN,
-        KEY_EMOTE_SLOT_BASE = 512
-    };
-
-    enum KeyboardMode : uint8_t { MODE_TEXT = 0, MODE_PUNCT = 1, MODE_EMOTE = 2 };
-
-    void drawKey(uint8_t index, bool selected);
-    void drawKeyLabel(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, const std::string &label, Color color);
-    bool getKeyBounds(uint8_t index, uint16_t &left, uint16_t &top, uint16_t &width, uint16_t &height);
-    int16_t getKeyIndexAt(uint16_t x, uint16_t y);
-    void inputSelectedKey(bool longPress);
-    void inputKeyCode(int16_t keyCode, bool longPress);
-    int16_t getKeyCodeAt(uint8_t index) const;
-    uint16_t getKeyWidthAt(uint8_t index) const;
-    std::string getKeyLabelAt(uint8_t index) const;
-    bool isKeyEnabledAt(uint8_t index) const;
-    void normalizeSelection();
-    void togglePunctuationMode();
-    void toggleEmoteMode();
-    void pageEmotes(bool down);
-    void requestFastKeyboardRefresh(bool full = false);
-    bool showSelectionHighlight() const;
+    void drawKeyLabel(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, char key, Color color);

    static const uint8_t KBD_COLS = 11;
-    static const uint8_t KBD_ROWS = 5;
-    static const uint8_t KBD_KEY_COUNT = KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS;
-    static const uint8_t EMOTE_SLOT_COUNT = KBD_COLS * (KBD_ROWS - 1); // top 4 rows
-    static constexpr uint8_t fontEmotes[] = {0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x08, 0x09, 0x0B, 0x0C, 0x0E, 0x0F, 0x10, 0x11,
-                                             0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17, 0x18, 0x19, 0x1B, 0x1C, 0x1D, 0x1E, 0x1F};
-    static constexpr uint8_t fontEmoteCount = sizeof(fontEmotes) / sizeof(fontEmotes[0]);
+    static const uint8_t KBD_ROWS = 4;

-    // Text keyboard (requested layout):
-    // row 0: 1..0
-    // row 1: q..p
-    // row 2: a..l
-    // row 3: EMO, z..m, DEL
-    // row 4: !#1, comma, space, period, SEND
-    const int16_t textKeys[KBD_KEY_COUNT] = {
-        // row 0
-        '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', KEY_NONE,
-        // row 1
-        'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', KEY_NONE,
-        // row 2
-        'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE,
-        // row 3
-        KEY_EMOTE_TOGGLE, 'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n', 'm', KEY_BACKSPACE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE,
-        // row 4
-        KEY_PUNCT_TOGGLE, ',', ' ', '.', KEY_SEND, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE};
+    const char keys[KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS] = {
+        '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', '\b',  // row 0
+        'q', 'w', 'e', 'r', 't', 'y', 'u', 'i', 'o', 'p', '\n',  // row 1
+        'a', 's', 'd', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'j', 'k', 'l', '!', ' ',   // row 2
+        'z', 'x', 'c', 'v', 'b', 'n', 'm', ',', '.', '?', '\x1b' // row 3
+    };

-    // Punctuation keyboard (toggle via !#1/ABC)
-    const int16_t punctKeys[KBD_KEY_COUNT] = {
-        // row 0
-        '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '0', KEY_NONE,
-        // row 1
-        '!', '@', '#', '$', '%', '^', '&', '*', '(', ')', KEY_NONE,
-        // row 2
-        '-', '_', '=', '+', '[', ']', '{', '}', '/', '?', KEY_NONE,
-        // row 3
-        KEY_EMOTE_TOGGLE, ';', ':', '\'', '"', '<', '>', '\\', KEY_BACKSPACE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE,
-        // row 4
-        KEY_ALPHA_TOGGLE, ',', ' ', '.', KEY_SEND, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE, KEY_NONE};
+    // This array represents the widths of each key in points
+    // 16 pt = line height of the text
+    const uint16_t keyWidths[KBD_COLS * KBD_ROWS] = {
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 0
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 1
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 24, // row 2
+        16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 16, 10, 10, 12, 40  // row 3
+    };

-    const uint16_t typingKeyWidths[KBD_KEY_COUNT] = {// row 0
-                                                     12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0,
-                                                     // row 1
-                                                     12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0,
-                                                     // row 2
-                                                     12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0, 0,
-                                                     // row 3
-                                                     18, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 20, 0, 0,
-                                                     // row 4
-                                                     20, 12, 56, 12, 24, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
-
-    const uint16_t emoteKeyWidths[KBD_KEY_COUNT] = {// row 0
-                                                    12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
-                                                    // row 1
-                                                    12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
-                                                    // row 2
-                                                    12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
-                                                    // row 3
-                                                    12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12,
-                                                    // row 4 controls
-                                                    14, 14, 18, 12, 40, 12, 20, 18, 0, 0, 0};
-
-    uint8_t selectedKey = 0;
+    uint16_t rowWidths[KBD_ROWS];
+    uint8_t selectedKey = 0; // selected key index
    uint8_t prevSelectedKey = 0;
-    uint8_t emotePage = 0;
-    KeyboardMode mode = MODE_TEXT;
-    KeyboardMode lastTypingMode = MODE_TEXT;
-    static constexpr uint8_t KEY_GAP_X = 3;
-    static constexpr uint8_t KEY_GAP_Y = 4;
-    static constexpr uint8_t KEY_RADIUS = 4;
 };

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
@@ -109,7 +109,6 @@ enum MenuAction {
    TOGGLE_CHANNEL_POSITION,
    SET_CHANNEL_PRECISION,
    // Display
-    SET_DISPLAY_TIMEOUT,
    TOGGLE_DISPLAY_UNITS,
    // Network
    TOGGLE_WIFI,
@@ -120,4 +119,4 @@ enum MenuAction {

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 #include "RTC.h"
 #include "Router.h"
 #include "airtime.h"
-#include "graphics/niche/Utils/FlashData.h"
 #include "main.h"
 #include "mesh/generated/meshtastic/deviceonly.pb.h"
 #include "power.h"
@@ -28,16 +27,6 @@ static constexpr uint8_t MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC = 60; // How many seconds before menu
 // These are offered to users as possible values for settings.recentlyActiveSeconds
 static constexpr uint8_t RECENTS_OPTIONS_MINUTES[] = {2, 5, 10, 30, 60, 120};

-struct DisplayTimeoutOption {
-    uint32_t seconds;
-    const char *label;
-};
-
-static constexpr DisplayTimeoutOption DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[] = {
-    {0, "Forever"},      {30, "30 secs"},     {60, "1 min"},     {5 * 60, "5 min"},
-    {15 * 60, "15 min"}, {30 * 60, "30 min"}, {60 * 60, "1 hr"},
-};
-
 struct PositionPrecisionOption {
    uint8_t value; // proto value
    const char *metric;
@@ -50,77 +39,6 @@ static constexpr PositionPrecisionOption POSITION_PRECISION_OPTIONS[] = {
    {12, "5.8 km", "3.6 mi"},   {11, "12 km", "7.3 mi"}, {10, "23 km", "15 mi"},
 };

-static const char *getDisplayTimeoutLabel(uint32_t timeoutSeconds)
-{
-    constexpr uint8_t optionCount = sizeof(DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS) / sizeof(DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[0]);
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < optionCount; i++) {
-        if (DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[i].seconds == timeoutSeconds) {
-            return DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[i].label;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return "Custom";
-}
-
-static bool supportsFreeTextKeyboard(const InkHUD::InkHUD *inkhud, const InkHUD::Persistence::Settings *settings)
-{
-    return !inkhud->twoWayRocker && (settings->joystick.enabled || inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider());
-}
-
-static bool useTouchFriendlyMenuLayout(const InkHUD::InkHUD *inkhud)
-{
-    return inkhud != nullptr && inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider();
-}
-
-static uint16_t getMenuItemHeightPx(const InkHUD::InkHUD *inkhud)
-{
-    const bool touchFriendly = useTouchFriendlyMenuLayout(inkhud);
-    const uint16_t lineH = touchFriendly ? InkHUD::Applet::fontMedium.lineHeight() : InkHUD::Applet::fontSmall.lineHeight();
-    const float rowScale = touchFriendly ? 1.9f : 1.6f;
-    uint16_t itemH = (uint16_t)(lineH * rowScale);
-    if (itemH == 0) {
-        itemH = 1;
-    }
-    return itemH;
-}
-
-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
-namespace
-{
-static constexpr uint32_t T5_BACKLIGHT_PREFS_VERSION = 1;
-
-struct T5BacklightPrefs {
-    uint32_t version = T5_BACKLIGHT_PREFS_VERSION;
-    bool keepOn = true;
-};
-
-T5BacklightPrefs t5BacklightPrefs;
-bool t5BacklightPrefsLoaded = false;
-
-bool loadT5BacklightKeepOn()
-{
-    if (!t5BacklightPrefsLoaded) {
-        T5BacklightPrefs loaded;
-        const bool ok = FlashData<T5BacklightPrefs>::load(&loaded, "t5_backlight");
-        if (ok && loaded.version == T5_BACKLIGHT_PREFS_VERSION) {
-            t5BacklightPrefs = loaded;
-        }
-        t5BacklightPrefsLoaded = true;
-    }
-
-    return t5BacklightPrefs.keepOn;
-}
-
-void saveT5BacklightKeepOn(bool keepOn)
-{
-    loadT5BacklightKeepOn();
-    t5BacklightPrefs.version = T5_BACKLIGHT_PREFS_VERSION;
-    t5BacklightPrefs.keepOn = keepOn;
-    FlashData<T5BacklightPrefs>::save(&t5BacklightPrefs, "t5_backlight");
-}
-} // namespace
-#endif
-
 InkHUD::MenuApplet::MenuApplet() : concurrency::OSThread("MenuApplet")
 {
    // No timer tasks at boot
@@ -129,11 +47,7 @@ InkHUD::MenuApplet::MenuApplet() : concurrency::OSThread("MenuApplet")
    // Note: don't get instance if we're not actually using the backlight,
    // or else you will unintentionally instantiate it
    if (settings->optionalMenuItems.backlight) {
-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
-        t5BacklightSetUserEnabled(loadT5BacklightKeepOn());
-#else
        backlight = Drivers::LatchingBacklight::getInstance();
-#endif
    }

    // Initialize the Canned Message store
@@ -162,11 +76,9 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onForeground()
    // backlight on always when menu opens.
    // Courtesy to T-Echo users who removed the capacitive touch button
    if (settings->optionalMenuItems.backlight) {
-#if !defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
        assert(backlight);
        if (!backlight->isOn())
            backlight->peek();
-#endif
    }

    // Prevent user applets requesting update while menu is open
@@ -194,11 +106,9 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onBackground()
    // Item in options submenu allows keeping backlight on after menu is closed
    // If this item is deselected we will turn backlight off again, now that menu is closing
    if (settings->optionalMenuItems.backlight) {
-#if !defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
        assert(backlight);
        if (!backlight->isLatched())
            backlight->off();
-#endif
    }

    // Stop the auto-timeout
@@ -267,8 +177,24 @@ static void applyLoRaRegion(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode region)
    auto changes = SEGMENT_CONFIG;

 #if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI_KEYGEN || MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI)
-    if (crypto) {
-        crypto->ensurePkiKeys(config.security, owner);
+    if (!owner.is_licensed) {
+        bool keygenSuccess = false;
+
+        if (config.security.private_key.size == 32) {
+            if (crypto->regeneratePublicKey(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes)) {
+                keygenSuccess = true;
+            }
+        } else {
+            crypto->generateKeyPair(config.security.public_key.bytes, config.security.private_key.bytes);
+            keygenSuccess = true;
+        }
+
+        if (keygenSuccess) {
+            config.security.public_key.size = 32;
+            config.security.private_key.size = 32;
+            owner.public_key.size = 32;
+            memcpy(owner.public_key.bytes, config.security.public_key.bytes, 32);
+        }
    }
 #endif

@@ -423,14 +349,17 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::execute(MenuItem item)
        handleFreeText = true;
        cm.freeTextItem.rawText.erase(); // clear the previous freetext message
        freeTextMode = true;             // render input field instead of normal menu
-        if (supportsFreeTextKeyboard(inkhud, settings))
+        // Open the on-screen keyboard only for full joystick devices
+        if (settings->joystick.enabled && !inkhud->twoWayRocker)
            inkhud->openKeyboard();
        break;

-    case STORE_CANNEDMESSAGE_SELECTION: {
-        const uint8_t prefixItems = supportsFreeTextKeyboard(inkhud, settings) ? 2 : 1;
-        cm.selectedMessageItem = &cm.messageItems.at(cursor - prefixItems);
-    } break;
+    case STORE_CANNEDMESSAGE_SELECTION:
+        if (!settings->joystick.enabled || inkhud->twoWayRocker)
+            cm.selectedMessageItem = &cm.messageItems.at(cursor - 1); // Minus one: offset for the initial "Send Ping" entry
+        else
+            cm.selectedMessageItem = &cm.messageItems.at(cursor - 2); // Minus two: offset for the "Send Ping" and free text entry
+        break;

    case SEND_CANNEDMESSAGE:
        cm.selectedRecipientItem = &cm.recipientItems.at(cursor);
@@ -509,27 +438,14 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::execute(MenuItem item)
        break;

    case TOGGLE_BACKLIGHT:
-        // Note: backlight is already on in this situation.
-        // This toggle controls whether it should remain on when menu closes.
-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
-    {
-        const bool keepOn = !t5BacklightIsUserEnabled();
-        t5BacklightSetUserEnabled(keepOn);
-        saveT5BacklightKeepOn(keepOn);
-        if (item.checkState)
-            *(item.checkState) = keepOn;
-    }
-#else
-        if (!backlight)
-            backlight = Drivers::LatchingBacklight::getInstance();
+        // Note: backlight is already on in this situation
+        // We're marking that it should *remain* on once menu closes
+        assert(backlight);
        if (backlight->isLatched())
            backlight->off();
        else
            backlight->latch();
-        if (item.checkState)
-            *(item.checkState) = backlight->isLatched();
-#endif
-    break;
+        break;

    case TOGGLE_12H_CLOCK:
        config.display.use_12h_clock = !config.display.use_12h_clock;
@@ -627,17 +543,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::execute(MenuItem item)
    }

    // Display
-    case SET_DISPLAY_TIMEOUT: {
-        // cursor - 1 because index 0 is "Back"
-        const uint8_t index = cursor - 1;
-        constexpr uint8_t optionCount = sizeof(DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS) / sizeof(DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[0]);
-        if (index < optionCount) {
-            config.display.screen_on_secs = DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[index].seconds;
-            nodeDB->saveToDisk(SEGMENT_CONFIG);
-        }
-        break;
-    }
-
    case TOGGLE_DISPLAY_UNITS:
        if (config.display.units == meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayUnits_IMPERIAL)
            config.display.units = meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayUnits_METRIC;
@@ -1004,16 +909,11 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
        previousPage = MenuPage::ROOT;
        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
        // Optional: backlight
-        if (settings->optionalMenuItems.backlight) {
-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
-            keepBacklightOn = t5BacklightIsUserEnabled();
-#else
-            if (!backlight)
-                backlight = Drivers::LatchingBacklight::getInstance();
-            keepBacklightOn = backlight->isLatched();
-#endif
-            items.push_back(MenuItem("Keep Backlight On", MenuAction::TOGGLE_BACKLIGHT, MenuPage::OPTIONS, &keepBacklightOn));
-        }
+        if (settings->optionalMenuItems.backlight)
+            items.push_back(MenuItem(backlight->isLatched() ? "Backlight Off" : "Keep Backlight On", // Label
+                                     MenuAction::TOGGLE_BACKLIGHT,                                   // Action
+                                     MenuPage::EXIT                                                  // Exit once complete
+                                     ));

        // Options Toggles
        items.push_back(MenuItem("Applets", MenuPage::APPLETS));
@@ -1225,9 +1125,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
        items.push_back(MenuItem("12-Hour Clock", MenuAction::TOGGLE_12H_CLOCK, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY,
                                 &config.display.use_12h_clock));

-        nodeConfigLabels.emplace_back("Screen Timeout: " + std::string(getDisplayTimeoutLabel(config.display.screen_on_secs)));
-        items.push_back(MenuItem(nodeConfigLabels.back().c_str(), MenuAction::NO_ACTION, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY_TIMEOUT));
-
        const char *unitsLabel =
            (config.display.units == meshtastic_Config_DisplayConfig_DisplayUnits_IMPERIAL) ? "Units: Imperial" : "Units: Metric";

@@ -1237,13 +1134,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::showPage(MenuPage page)
        break;
    }

-    case NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY_TIMEOUT:
-        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY;
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
-        populateDisplayTimeoutPage();
-        items.push_back(MenuItem("Exit", MenuPage::EXIT));
-        break;
-
    case NODE_CONFIG_BLUETOOTH: {
        previousPage = MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG;
        items.push_back(MenuItem("Back", previousPage));
@@ -1512,14 +1402,10 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender(bool full)
    if (items.size() == 0)
        LOG_ERROR("Empty Menu");

-    const bool touchFriendlyLayout = useTouchFriendlyMenuLayout(inkhud);
-    AppletFont menuItemFont = touchFriendlyLayout ? fontMedium : fontSmall;
-    setFont(menuItemFont);
-
    // Dimensions for the slots where we will draw menuItems
    const float padding = 0.05;
-    const uint16_t itemH = getMenuItemHeightPx(inkhud);
-    const int16_t selectInsetY = touchFriendlyLayout ? 3 : 2;
+    const uint16_t itemH = fontSmall.lineHeight() * 1.6;
+    const int16_t selectInsetY = 2;
    const int16_t itemW = width() - X(padding) - X(padding);
    const int16_t itemL = X(padding);
    const int16_t itemR = X(1 - padding);
@@ -1552,11 +1438,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender(bool full)
        itemT = max(siT + siH, 0);            // Offset the first menu entry, so menu starts below the system info panel
    }

-    // drawSystemInfoPanel() changes font state (clock/info text).
-    // Restore the active menu font so ROOT page item text matches other menu pages,
-    // including touch-friendly layouts.
-    setFont(menuItemFont);
-
    // Draw menu items
    // ===================

@@ -1584,6 +1465,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender(bool full)

        // Header (non-selectable section label)
        if (item.isHeader) {
+            setFont(fontSmall);
+
            // Header text (flush left)
            printAt(itemL + X(padding), center, item.label, LEFT, MIDDLE);

@@ -1592,17 +1475,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender(bool full)
            drawLine(itemL + X(padding), underlineY, itemR - X(padding), underlineY, BLACK);
        } else {
            // Box, if currently selected
-            if (cursorShown && i == cursor && (!touchFriendlyLayout || !hideTouchSelectionHighlight)) {
-                const int16_t selTop = itemT + selectInsetY;
-                const int16_t selH = itemH - (selectInsetY * 2);
-                drawRect(itemL, selTop, itemW, selH, BLACK);
-                // Touch layouts need a stronger visual cue than a thin outline.
-                if (touchFriendlyLayout) {
-                    const int16_t markerInset = 3;
-                    const int16_t markerW = 4;
-                    fillRect(itemL + markerInset, selTop + markerInset, markerW, max(1, selH - (markerInset * 2)), BLACK);
-                }
-            }
+            if (cursorShown && i == cursor)
+                drawRect(itemL, itemT + selectInsetY, itemW, itemH - (selectInsetY * 2), BLACK);

            // Indented normal item text
            printAt(itemL + X(padding * 2), center, item.label, LEFT, MIDDLE);
@@ -1610,9 +1484,9 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender(bool full)

        // Checkbox, if relevant
        if (item.checkState) {
-            const uint16_t cbWH = menuItemFont.lineHeight(); // Checkbox: width / height
-            const int16_t cbL = itemR - X(padding) - cbWH;   // Checkbox: left
-            const int16_t cbT = center - (cbWH / 2);         // Checkbox : top
+            const uint16_t cbWH = fontSmall.lineHeight();  // Checkbox: width / height
+            const int16_t cbL = itemR - X(padding) - cbWH; // Checkbox: left
+            const int16_t cbT = center - (cbWH / 2);       // Checkbox : top
            // Checkbox ticked
            if (*(item.checkState)) {
                drawRect(cbL, cbT, cbWH, cbWH, BLACK);
@@ -1641,102 +1515,13 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onRender(bool full)
    }
 }

-bool InkHUD::MenuApplet::onTouchPoint(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress)
-{
-    (void)longPress;
-
-    if (freeTextMode || !getTile()) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    const uint16_t tileL = getTile()->getLeft();
-    const uint16_t tileT = getTile()->getTop();
-    const uint16_t tileR = tileL + getTile()->getWidth();
-    const uint16_t tileB = tileT + getTile()->getHeight();
-    if (x < tileL || x >= tileR || y < tileT || y >= tileB) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    if (items.empty()) {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    // Direct touch controls should act as activity and keep the menu open.
-    OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);
-
-    // If button-driven selection is active on touch-first layouts, clear it as soon as
-    // touch interaction resumes so touch behavior remains direct/tap-first.
-    if (useTouchFriendlyMenuLayout(inkhud)) {
-        cursorShown = false;
-        hideTouchSelectionHighlight = true;
-    }
-
-    const int16_t localY = (int16_t)y - (int16_t)tileT;
-
-    // Keep geometry in sync with onRender() so touch hit-testing matches what users see.
-    const uint16_t itemH = getMenuItemHeightPx(inkhud);
-    int16_t itemT = 0;
-    uint8_t slotCount = (height() - itemT) / itemH;
-    if (slotCount == 0) {
-        slotCount = 1;
-    }
-    const uint16_t &siH = systemInfoPanelHeight;
-    const uint8_t slotsObscured = ceilf(siH / (float)itemH);
-
-    if (currentPage == ROOT) {
-        int16_t siT = 0;
-        const int16_t scrollThreshold = (int16_t)slotCount - (int16_t)slotsObscured - 1;
-        if (scrollThreshold >= 0 && (int16_t)cursor >= scrollThreshold) {
-            siT = 0 - ((cursor - scrollThreshold) * itemH);
-        }
-        itemT = max((int16_t)(siT + siH), (int16_t)0);
-    }
-
-    const uint8_t firstItem = (cursor < slotCount) ? 0 : (cursor - (slotCount - 1));
-    uint16_t visibleEnd = (uint16_t)firstItem + (uint16_t)slotCount;
-    const uint8_t maxIndex = (uint8_t)items.size() - 1;
-    if (visibleEnd > maxIndex) {
-        visibleEnd = maxIndex;
-    }
-    const uint8_t lastItem = (uint8_t)visibleEnd;
-
-    for (uint8_t i = firstItem; i <= lastItem; i++) {
-        const int16_t rowTop = itemT;
-        const int16_t rowBottom = itemT + itemH;
-
-        if (localY >= rowTop && localY < rowBottom) {
-            if (items.at(i).isHeader) {
-                // Consume taps on headers so they don't fall back to button semantics.
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            cursor = i;
-            cursorShown = true;
-            execute(items.at(cursor));
-
-            if (!wantsToRender()) {
-                requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-            }
-            return true;
-        }
-
-        itemT += itemH;
-    }
-
-    // Consume taps on menu whitespace so we don't trigger button-like fallback behavior.
-    return true;
-}
-
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onButtonShortPress()
 {
    if (!freeTextMode) {
        // Push the auto-close timer back
        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);

-        // Touch-first nodes keep user-button short-press as "advance selection" in menus.
-        // Any button-driven navigation should restore visible highlight.
-        hideTouchSelectionHighlight = false;
-        if (!settings->joystick.enabled || useTouchFriendlyMenuLayout(inkhud)) {
+        if (!settings->joystick.enabled) {
            if (!cursorShown) {
                cursorShown = true;
                // Select the first item that isn't a header
@@ -1797,32 +1582,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onNavUp()
    if (!freeTextMode) {
        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);

-        // Touch-first menus: swipe up/down should scroll only.
-        // Keep cursor movement for scroll math, but selection box is hidden in onRender().
-        if (useTouchFriendlyMenuLayout(inkhud)) {
-            hideTouchSelectionHighlight = true;
-            if (!cursorShown) {
-                cursorShown = true;
-                cursor = items.size() - 1;
-                while (items.at(cursor).isHeader) {
-                    if (cursor == 0) {
-                        cursorShown = false;
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    cursor--;
-                }
-            } else {
-                do {
-                    if (cursor == 0)
-                        cursor = items.size() - 1;
-                    else
-                        cursor--;
-                } while (items.at(cursor).isHeader);
-            }
-            requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-            return;
-        }
-
        if (!cursorShown) {
            cursorShown = true;
            // Select the last item that isn't a header
@@ -1852,29 +1611,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::onNavDown()
    if (!freeTextMode) {
        OSThread::setIntervalFromNow(MENU_TIMEOUT_SEC * 1000UL);

-        // Touch-first menus: swipe up/down should scroll only.
-        // Keep cursor movement for scroll math, but selection box is hidden in onRender().
-        if (useTouchFriendlyMenuLayout(inkhud)) {
-            hideTouchSelectionHighlight = true;
-            if (!cursorShown) {
-                cursorShown = true;
-                cursor = 0;
-                while (cursor < items.size() && items.at(cursor).isHeader) {
-                    cursor++;
-                }
-                if (cursor >= items.size()) {
-                    cursorShown = false;
-                    cursor = 0;
-                }
-            } else {
-                do {
-                    cursor = (cursor + 1) % items.size();
-                } while (items.at(cursor).isHeader);
-            }
-            requestUpdate(Drivers::EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-            return;
-        }
-
        if (!cursorShown) {
            cursorShown = true;
            // Select the first item that isn't a header
@@ -2007,17 +1743,6 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::populateRecentsPage()
    }
 }

-void InkHUD::MenuApplet::populateDisplayTimeoutPage()
-{
-    constexpr uint8_t optionCount = sizeof(DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS) / sizeof(DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[0]);
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < optionCount; i++) {
-        displayTimeoutSelected[i] = (config.display.screen_on_secs == DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[i].seconds);
-        nodeConfigLabels.emplace_back(DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_OPTIONS[i].label);
-        items.push_back(MenuItem(nodeConfigLabels.back().c_str(), MenuAction::SET_DISPLAY_TIMEOUT, MenuPage::NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY,
-                                 &displayTimeoutSelected[i]));
-    }
-}
-
 // MenuItem entries for the "send" page
 // Dynamically creates menu items based on available canned messages
 void InkHUD::MenuApplet::populateSendPage()
@@ -2025,8 +1750,8 @@ void InkHUD::MenuApplet::populateSendPage()
    // Position / NodeInfo packet
    items.push_back(MenuItem("Ping", MenuAction::SEND_PING, MenuPage::EXIT));

-    // Show the Free Text option on any node that supports the on-screen keyboard.
-    if (supportsFreeTextKeyboard(inkhud, settings))
+    // If joystick is available, include the Free Text option
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled && !inkhud->twoWayRocker)
        items.push_back(MenuItem("Free Text", MenuAction::FREE_TEXT, MenuPage::SEND));

    // One menu item for each canned message
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
    void onFreeText(char c) override;
    void onFreeTextDone() override;
    void onFreeTextCancel() override;
-    bool onTouchPoint(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress) override;
    void onRender(bool full) override;

    void show(Tile *t); // Open the menu, onto a user tile
@@ -49,12 +48,11 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
    void execute(MenuItem item);  // Perform the MenuAction associated with a MenuItem, if any
    void showPage(MenuPage page); // Load and display a MenuPage

-    void populateSendPage();           // Dynamically create MenuItems including canned messages
-    void populateRecipientPage();      // Dynamically create a page of possible destinations for a canned message
-    void populateAppletPage();         // Dynamically create MenuItems for toggling loaded applets
-    void populateAutoshowPage();       // Dynamically create MenuItems for selecting which applets can autoshow
-    void populateRecentsPage();        // Create menu items: a choice of values for settings.recentlyActiveSeconds
-    void populateDisplayTimeoutPage(); // Create menu items for config.display.screen_on_secs
+    void populateSendPage();      // Dynamically create MenuItems including canned messages
+    void populateRecipientPage(); // Dynamically create a page of possible destinations for a canned message
+    void populateAppletPage();    // Dynamically create MenuItems for toggling loaded applets
+    void populateAutoshowPage();  // Dynamically create MenuItems for selecting which applets can autoshow
+    void populateRecentsPage();   // Create menu items: a choice of values for settings.recentlyActiveSeconds

    void drawInputField(uint16_t left, uint16_t top, uint16_t width, uint16_t height,
                        const std::string &text); // Draw input field for free text
@@ -67,9 +65,8 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
    MenuPage startPageOverride = MenuPage::ROOT;
    MenuPage currentPage = MenuPage::ROOT;
    MenuPage previousPage = MenuPage::EXIT;
-    uint8_t cursor = 0;                       // Which menu item is currently highlighted
-    bool cursorShown = false;                 // Is *any* item highlighted? (Root menu: no initial selection)
-    bool hideTouchSelectionHighlight = false; // Touch scrolling keeps cursor for paging math, but can hide highlight
+    uint8_t cursor = 0;       // Which menu item is currently highlighted
+    bool cursorShown = false; // Is *any* item highlighted? (Root menu: no initial selection)
    bool freeTextMode = false;
    uint16_t systemInfoPanelHeight = 0; // Need to know before we render
    uint16_t menuTextLimit = 200;
@@ -83,8 +80,6 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread
    // Recents menu checkbox state (derived from settings.recentlyActiveSeconds)
    static constexpr uint8_t RECENTS_COUNT = 6;
    bool recentsSelected[RECENTS_COUNT] = {};
-    static constexpr uint8_t DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_COUNT = 7;
-    bool displayTimeoutSelected[DISPLAY_TIMEOUT_COUNT] = {};

    // Data for selecting and sending canned messages via the menu
    // Placed into a sub-class for organization only
@@ -121,8 +116,7 @@ class MenuApplet : public SystemApplet, public concurrency::OSThread

    Applet *borrowedTileOwner = nullptr; // Which applet we have temporarily replaced while displaying menu

-    bool invertedColors = false;  // Helper to display current state of config.display.displaymode in InkHUD options
-    bool keepBacklightOn = false; // Helper to display current backlight latch state in InkHUD options
+    bool invertedColors = false; // Helper to display current state of config.display.displaymode in InkHUD options
 };

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ enum MenuPage : uint8_t {
    NODE_CONFIG_POWER_ADC_CAL,
    NODE_CONFIG_NETWORK,
    NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY,
-    NODE_CONFIG_DISPLAY_TIMEOUT,
    NODE_CONFIG_BLUETOOTH,
    NODE_CONFIG_POSITION,
    NODE_CONFIG_ADMIN_RESET,
@@ -46,4 +45,4 @@ enum MenuPage : uint8_t {

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
-
-#include "./TouchStatusApplet.h"
-
-using namespace NicheGraphics;
-
-InkHUD::TouchStatusApplet::TouchStatusApplet()
-{
-    alwaysRender = true;
-}
-
-void InkHUD::TouchStatusApplet::onRender(bool full)
-{
-    (void)full;
-
-    if (inkhud->isTouchEnabled()) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    setFont(fontSmall);
-
-    const uint16_t barH = fontSmall.lineHeight() + 4;
-    const int16_t top = height() - barH;
-
-    fillRect(0, top, width(), barH, WHITE);
-    drawLine(0, top, width() - 1, top, BLACK);
-    printAt(width() / 2, top + (barH / 2), "TOUCH OFF", CENTER, MIDDLE);
-}
-
-#endif
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_INKHUD
-
-/*
-
-    Low-profile bottom-edge touch status indicator.
-    Shown only while touch input is disabled.
-
-*/
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/SystemApplet.h"
-
-namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
-{
-
-class TouchStatusApplet : public SystemApplet
-{
-  public:
-    TouchStatusApplet();
-
-    void onRender(bool full) override;
-};
-
-} // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
-
-#endif
@@ -47,9 +47,6 @@ InkHUD::TipsApplet::TipsApplet()

 void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender(bool full)
 {
-    const char *continuePrompt =
-        (inkhud && inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider()) ? "Tap screen to continue" : "Press button to continue";
-
    switch (tipQueue.front()) {
    case Tip::WELCOME:
        renderWelcome();
@@ -82,7 +79,7 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender(bool full)
        cursorY += fontSmall.lineHeight() / 2;
        drawBullet("More info at meshtastic.org");

-        printAt(0, Y(1.0), continuePrompt, LEFT, BOTTOM);
+        printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
    } break;

    case Tip::PICK_REGION: {
@@ -112,7 +109,7 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender(bool full)
        printWrapped(0, cursorY, width(), body);
        cursorY += bodyH + (fontSmall.lineHeight() / 2);

-        printAt(0, Y(1.0), continuePrompt, LEFT, BOTTOM);
+        printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
    } break;

    case Tip::CUSTOMIZATION: {
@@ -132,13 +129,10 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender(bool full)
        printWrapped(0, cursorY, width(), body);
        cursorY += bodyH + (fontSmall.lineHeight() / 2);

-        printAt(0, Y(1.0), continuePrompt, LEFT, BOTTOM);
+        printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
    } break;

    case Tip::BUTTONS: {
-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
-        renderT5S3ButtonsTip();
-#else
        setFont(fontMedium);

        const char *title = "Tip: Buttons";
@@ -170,8 +164,7 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender(bool full)
            drawBullet("- press: switch tile or close menu");
        }

-        printAt(0, Y(1.0), continuePrompt, LEFT, BOTTOM);
-#endif
+        printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
    } break;

    case Tip::ROTATION: {
@@ -196,7 +189,7 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender(bool full)
                         "To rotate the display, use the InkHUD menu. Press the user button > Options > Rotate.");
        }

-        printAt(0, Y(1.0), continuePrompt, LEFT, BOTTOM);
+        printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Press button to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);

        // Revert the "flip screen" setting, preventing this message showing again
        config.display.flip_screen = false;
@@ -205,42 +198,6 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onRender(bool full)
    }
 }

-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
-void InkHUD::TipsApplet::renderT5S3ButtonsTip()
-{
-    setFont(fontMedium);
-
-    const char *title = "Tip: T5-S3 Buttons";
-    uint16_t h = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), title);
-    printWrapped(0, 0, width(), title);
-
-    setFont(fontSmall);
-    int16_t cursorY = h + fontSmall.lineHeight();
-
-    auto drawBullet = [&](const char *text) {
-        uint16_t bh = getWrappedTextHeight(0, width(), text);
-        printWrapped(0, cursorY, width(), text);
-        cursorY += bh + (fontSmall.lineHeight() / 3);
-    };
-
-    drawBullet("BOOT button");
-    drawBullet("- short press: next");
-    drawBullet("- long press: open menu or select");
-
-    drawBullet("IO48 button");
-    drawBullet("- short press: toggle touch on/off");
-    drawBullet("- long press: toggle backlight on/off");
-
-    drawBullet("PWR button");
-    drawBullet("- Hold Press to wake after Shutdown");
-
-    drawBullet("HOME button");
-    drawBullet("- press: back/exit in InkHUD and open App switcher");
-
-    printAt(0, Y(1.0), "Tap screen to continue", LEFT, BOTTOM);
-}
-#endif
-
 // This tip has its own render method, only because it's a big block of code
 // Didn't want to clutter up the switch in onRender too much
 void InkHUD::TipsApplet::renderWelcome()
@@ -287,9 +244,7 @@ void InkHUD::TipsApplet::renderWelcome()

    // Block 3 - press to continue
    // ============================
-    const char *continuePrompt =
-        (inkhud && inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider()) ? "Tap screen to continue" : "Press button to continue";
-    printAt(X(0.5), Y(1), continuePrompt, CENTER, BOTTOM);
+    printAt(X(0.5), Y(1), "Press button to continue", CENTER, BOTTOM);
 }

 void InkHUD::TipsApplet::onForeground()
@@ -41,9 +41,6 @@ class TipsApplet : public SystemApplet

  protected:
    void renderWelcome(); // Very first screen of tutorial
-#if defined(T5_S3_EPAPER_PRO)
-    void renderT5S3ButtonsTip();
-#endif

    std::deque<Tip> tipQueue; // List of tips to show, one after another

@@ -52,4 +49,4 @@ class TipsApplet : public SystemApplet

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@

 #include "./Events.h"

-#include "PowerFSM.h"
 #include "RTC.h"
 #include "buzz.h"
 #include "modules/ExternalNotificationModule.h"
@@ -15,19 +14,6 @@

 using namespace NicheGraphics;

-namespace
-{
-// When touch long-press opens menu, some panels report a delayed release/tap
-// if the finger stays down briefly. Keep this long enough to cover that release.
-constexpr uint32_t TOUCH_MENU_OPEN_TAP_SUPPRESS_MS = 1200;
-
-inline void noteInkHUDUserInteraction()
-{
-    // Keep power state and screen-timeout behavior in sync with InkHUD input activity.
-    powerFSM.trigger(EVENT_INPUT);
-}
-} // namespace
-
 InkHUD::Events::Events()
 {
    // Get convenient references
@@ -52,8 +38,6 @@ void InkHUD::Events::begin()

 void InkHUD::Events::onButtonShort()
 {
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
    // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
    // Short tone
    playChirp();
@@ -90,8 +74,6 @@ void InkHUD::Events::onButtonShort()

 void InkHUD::Events::onButtonLong()
 {
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
    // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
    // Slightly longer than playChirp
    playBoop();
@@ -120,295 +102,193 @@ void InkHUD::Events::onButtonLong()

 void InkHUD::Events::onExitShort()
 {
-    // Preserve legacy behavior on non-touch builds:
-    // EXIT input is only active when joystick mode is enabled.
-    // Touch-capable builds intentionally bypass this joystick gate.
-    if (!settings->joystick.enabled && !inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider()) {
-        return;
-    }
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
+        // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
+        // Short tone
+        playChirp();
+        // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
+        // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
+        bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();

-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
-    // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
-    // Short tone
-    playChirp();
-    // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
-    // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification module (see below)
-    bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();
-
-    // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
-    SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
-    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-        if (sa->handleInput) {
-            consumer = sa;
-            break;
+        // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
+        SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
+        for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+            if (sa->handleInput) {
+                consumer = sa;
+                break;
+            }
        }
-    }

-    // Always let active system applets consume EXIT/HOME input (menu close, keyboard cancel, etc),
-    // including on touch-first nodes where joystick mode is disabled.
-    if (consumer) {
-        consumer->onExitShort();
-        return;
-    }
+        // If no system applet is handling input, default behavior instead is change tiles
+        if (consumer)
+            consumer->onExitShort();
+        else if (!dismissedExt) { // Don't change tile if this button press silenced the external notification module
+            Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();

-    // Touch-capable InkHUD nodes use EXIT/HOME as a quick app switcher launcher.
-    if (!dismissedExt && inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider()) {
-        inkhud->openAppSwitcher();
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if (!dismissedExt) {
-        Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
-
-        if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::EXIT_SHORT)) {
-            userConsumer->onExitShort();
-        } else if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
-            // Preserve existing joystick behavior when no applet handles EXIT.
-            inkhud->nextTile();
+            if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::EXIT_SHORT))
+                userConsumer->onExitShort();
+            else
+                inkhud->nextTile();
        }
    }
 }

 void InkHUD::Events::onExitLong()
 {
-    // Preserve legacy behavior on non-touch builds:
-    // EXIT input is only active when joystick mode is enabled.
-    // Touch-capable builds intentionally bypass this joystick gate.
-    if (!settings->joystick.enabled && !inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider()) {
-        return;
-    }
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
+        // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
+        // Slightly longer than playChirp
+        playBoop();

-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
-    // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
-    // Slightly longer than playChirp
-    playBoop();
-
-    // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
-    SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
-    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-        if (sa->handleInput) {
-            consumer = sa;
-            break;
+        // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
+        SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
+        for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+            if (sa->handleInput) {
+                consumer = sa;
+                break;
+            }
        }
-    }

-    // Always allow system applets to consume EXIT/HOME long-press.
-    if (consumer) {
-        consumer->onExitLong();
-    } else {
-        Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
+        if (consumer)
+            consumer->onExitLong();
+        else {
+            Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();

-        if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::EXIT_LONG))
-            userConsumer->onExitLong();
-        // Nothing uses exit long yet
+            if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::EXIT_LONG))
+                userConsumer->onExitLong();
+            // Nothing uses exit long yet
+        }
    }
 }

 void InkHUD::Events::onNavUp()
 {
-    if (settings->joystick.enabled)
-        onTouchNavUp();
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
+        // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
+        // Short tone
+        playChirp();
+        // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
+        // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
+        bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();
+
+        // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
+        SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
+        for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+            if (sa->handleInput) {
+                consumer = sa;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (consumer)
+            consumer->onNavUp();
+        else if (!dismissedExt) {
+            Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
+
+            if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::NAV_UP))
+                userConsumer->onNavUp();
+        }
+    }
 }

 void InkHUD::Events::onNavDown()
 {
-    if (settings->joystick.enabled)
-        onTouchNavDown();
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
+        // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
+        // Short tone
+        playChirp();
+        // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
+        // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
+        bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();
+
+        // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
+        SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
+        for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+            if (sa->handleInput) {
+                consumer = sa;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (consumer)
+            consumer->onNavDown();
+        else if (!dismissedExt) {
+            Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
+
+            if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::NAV_DOWN))
+                userConsumer->onNavDown();
+        }
+    }
 }

 void InkHUD::Events::onNavLeft()
 {
-    if (settings->joystick.enabled)
-        onTouchNavLeft();
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
+        // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
+        // Short tone
+        playChirp();
+        // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
+        // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
+        bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();
+
+        // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
+        SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
+        for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+            if (sa->handleInput) {
+                consumer = sa;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // If no system applet is handling input, default behavior instead is to cycle applets
+        if (consumer)
+            consumer->onNavLeft();
+        else if (!dismissedExt) { // Don't change applet if this button press silenced the external notification module
+            Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
+
+            if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::NAV_LEFT))
+                userConsumer->onNavLeft();
+            else
+                inkhud->prevApplet();
+        }
+    }
 }

 void InkHUD::Events::onNavRight()
 {
-    if (settings->joystick.enabled)
-        onTouchNavRight();
-}
+    if (settings->joystick.enabled) {
+        // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
+        // Short tone
+        playChirp();
+        // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
+        // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
+        bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();

-void InkHUD::Events::onTouchNavUp()
-{
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
+        // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
+        SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
+        for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
+            if (sa->handleInput) {
+                consumer = sa;
+                break;
+            }
+        }

-    // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
-    // Short tone
-    playChirp();
-    // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
-    // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
-    bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();
+        // If no system applet is handling input, default behavior instead is to cycle applets
+        if (consumer)
+            consumer->onNavRight();
+        else if (!dismissedExt) { // Don't change applet if this button press silenced the external notification module
+            Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();

-    // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
-    SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
-    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-        if (sa->handleInput) {
-            consumer = sa;
-            break;
+            if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::NAV_RIGHT))
+                userConsumer->onNavRight();
+            else
+                inkhud->nextApplet();
        }
    }
-
-    if (consumer)
-        consumer->onNavUp();
-    else if (!dismissedExt) {
-        Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
-
-        if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::NAV_UP))
-            userConsumer->onNavUp();
-    }
-}
-
-void InkHUD::Events::onTouchNavDown()
-{
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
-    // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
-    // Short tone
-    playChirp();
-    // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
-    // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
-    bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();
-
-    // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
-    SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
-    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-        if (sa->handleInput) {
-            consumer = sa;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (consumer)
-        consumer->onNavDown();
-    else if (!dismissedExt) {
-        Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
-
-        if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::NAV_DOWN))
-            userConsumer->onNavDown();
-    }
-}
-
-void InkHUD::Events::onTouchNavLeft()
-{
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
-    // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
-    // Short tone
-    playChirp();
-    // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
-    // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
-    bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();
-
-    // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
-    SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
-    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-        if (sa->handleInput) {
-            consumer = sa;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // If no system applet is handling input, default behavior instead is to cycle applets
-    if (consumer)
-        consumer->onNavLeft();
-    else if (!dismissedExt) { // Don't change applet if this button press silenced the external notification module
-        Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
-
-        if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::NAV_LEFT))
-            userConsumer->onNavLeft();
-        else
-            inkhud->prevApplet();
-    }
-}
-
-void InkHUD::Events::onTouchNavRight()
-{
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
-    // Audio feedback (via buzzer)
-    // Short tone
-    playChirp();
-    // Cancel any beeping, buzzing, blinking
-    // Some button handling suppressed if we are dismissing an external notification (see below)
-    bool dismissedExt = dismissExternalNotification();
-
-    // Check which system applet wants to handle the button press (if any)
-    SystemApplet *consumer = nullptr;
-    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-        if (sa->handleInput) {
-            consumer = sa;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // If no system applet is handling input, default behavior instead is to cycle applets
-    if (consumer)
-        consumer->onNavRight();
-    else if (!dismissedExt) { // Don't change applet if this button press silenced the external notification module
-        Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
-
-        if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->isInputSubscribed(Applet::NAV_RIGHT))
-            userConsumer->onNavRight();
-        else
-            inkhud->nextApplet();
-    }
-}
-
-void InkHUD::Events::onTouchTap(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress)
-{
-    const bool touchEnabledBuild = inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider();
-
-    // A long-press used to open the menu can be followed by a synthetic/queued tap at release.
-    // Ignore that brief follow-up window so touch-opened menus do not auto-select an item.
-    if (touchEnabledBuild && !longPress && suppressTouchTapUntilMs != 0) {
-        if ((int32_t)(millis() - suppressTouchTapUntilMs) < 0) {
-            noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-            return;
-        }
-        suppressTouchTapUntilMs = 0;
-    }
-
-    // Give system applets (menu, keyboard, etc) first chance to consume direct touch input.
-    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-        if (sa->handleInput && sa->onTouchPoint(x, y, longPress)) {
-            noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // In split layouts, tapping a different tile changes focus.
-    // Consume this tap so selection does not also trigger button fallback behavior.
-    if (inkhud->selectTileAt(x, y)) {
-        noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Allow foreground user applet to consume direct touch input if it wants.
-    Applet *userConsumer = inkhud->getActiveApplet();
-    if (userConsumer != nullptr && userConsumer->onTouchPoint(x, y, longPress)) {
-        noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-        return;
-    }
-
-    // Fallback to existing button semantics so non-touch-aware applets keep working unchanged.
-    if (longPress) {
-        onButtonLong();
-
-        // Only arm suppression if the long-press actually opened menu foreground.
-        SystemApplet *menu = inkhud->getSystemApplet("Menu");
-        if (touchEnabledBuild && menu && menu->isForeground()) {
-            suppressTouchTapUntilMs = millis() + TOUCH_MENU_OPEN_TAP_SUPPRESS_MS;
-        }
-    } else
-        onButtonShort();
 }

 void InkHUD::Events::onFreeText(char c)
 {
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
    // Trigger the first system applet that wants to handle the new character
    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
        if (sa->handleFreeText) {
@@ -420,8 +300,6 @@ void InkHUD::Events::onFreeText(char c)

 void InkHUD::Events::onFreeTextDone()
 {
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
    // Trigger the first system applet that wants to handle it
    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
        if (sa->handleFreeText) {
@@ -433,8 +311,6 @@ void InkHUD::Events::onFreeTextDone()

 void InkHUD::Events::onFreeTextCancel()
 {
-    noteInkHUDUserInteraction();
-
    // Trigger the first system applet that wants to handle it
    for (SystemApplet *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
        if (sa->handleFreeText) {
@@ -611,4 +487,4 @@ bool InkHUD::Events::dismissExternalNotification()
    return true;
 }

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ however this class handles general events which concern InkHUD as a whole, e.g.

 #include "./InkHUD.h"
 #include "./Persistence.h"
-#include <stdint.h>

 namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
 {
@@ -31,17 +30,12 @@ class Events
    void onButtonShort(); // User button: short press
    void onButtonLong();  // User button: long press
    void applyingChanges();
-    void onExitShort();                                      // Exit button: short press
-    void onExitLong();                                       // Exit button: long press
-    void onNavUp();                                          // Navigate up
-    void onNavDown();                                        // Navigate down
-    void onNavLeft();                                        // Navigate left
-    void onNavRight();                                       // Navigate right
-    void onTouchNavUp();                                     // Navigate up from touch input
-    void onTouchNavDown();                                   // Navigate down from touch input
-    void onTouchNavLeft();                                   // Navigate left from touch input
-    void onTouchNavRight();                                  // Navigate right from touch input
-    void onTouchTap(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, bool longPress); // Touch tap/long-press with coordinates
+    void onExitShort(); // Exit button: short press
+    void onExitLong();  // Exit button: long press
+    void onNavUp();     // Navigate up
+    void onNavDown();   // Navigate down
+    void onNavLeft();   // Navigate left
+    void onNavRight();  // Navigate right

    // Free text typing events
    void onFreeText(char c); // New freetext character input
@@ -85,11 +79,8 @@ class Events

    // If set, InkHUD's data will be erased during onReboot
    bool eraseOnReboot = false;
-
-    // Suppress follow-up tap generated immediately after a touch long-press opens menu.
-    uint32_t suppressTouchTapUntilMs = 0;
 };

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -73,24 +73,6 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::begin()
    // LogoApplet shows boot screen here
 }

-void InkHUD::InkHUD::setTouchEnabledProvider(TouchEnabledProvider provider)
-{
-    touchEnabledProvider = provider;
-}
-
-bool InkHUD::InkHUD::hasTouchEnabledProvider() const
-{
-    return touchEnabledProvider != nullptr;
-}
-
-bool InkHUD::InkHUD::isTouchEnabled() const
-{
-    if (!touchEnabledProvider)
-        return true;
-
-    return touchEnabledProvider();
-}
-
 // Call this when your user button gets a short press
 // Should be connected to an input source in nicheGraphics.h (NicheGraphics::Inputs::TwoButton?)
 void InkHUD::InkHUD::shortpress()
@@ -193,92 +175,6 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::navRight()
    }
 }

-// Call this when touch input needs joystick-like up navigation independent of joystick-enabled mode
-void InkHUD::InkHUD::touchNavUp()
-{
-    switch ((persistence->settings.rotation + persistence->settings.joystick.alignment) % 4) {
-    case 1: // 90 deg
-        events->onTouchNavLeft();
-        break;
-    case 2: // 180 deg
-        events->onTouchNavDown();
-        break;
-    case 3: // 270 deg
-        events->onTouchNavRight();
-        break;
-    default: // 0 deg
-        events->onTouchNavUp();
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-// Call this when touch input needs joystick-like down navigation independent of joystick-enabled mode
-void InkHUD::InkHUD::touchNavDown()
-{
-    switch ((persistence->settings.rotation + persistence->settings.joystick.alignment) % 4) {
-    case 1: // 90 deg
-        events->onTouchNavRight();
-        break;
-    case 2: // 180 deg
-        events->onTouchNavUp();
-        break;
-    case 3: // 270 deg
-        events->onTouchNavLeft();
-        break;
-    default: // 0 deg
-        events->onTouchNavDown();
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-// Call this when touch input needs joystick-like left navigation independent of joystick-enabled mode
-void InkHUD::InkHUD::touchNavLeft()
-{
-    switch ((persistence->settings.rotation + persistence->settings.joystick.alignment) % 4) {
-    case 1: // 90 deg
-        events->onTouchNavDown();
-        break;
-    case 2: // 180 deg
-        events->onTouchNavRight();
-        break;
-    case 3: // 270 deg
-        events->onTouchNavUp();
-        break;
-    default: // 0 deg
-        events->onTouchNavLeft();
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-// Call this when touch input needs joystick-like right navigation independent of joystick-enabled mode
-void InkHUD::InkHUD::touchNavRight()
-{
-    switch ((persistence->settings.rotation + persistence->settings.joystick.alignment) % 4) {
-    case 1: // 90 deg
-        events->onTouchNavUp();
-        break;
-    case 2: // 180 deg
-        events->onTouchNavLeft();
-        break;
-    case 3: // 270 deg
-        events->onTouchNavDown();
-        break;
-    default: // 0 deg
-        events->onTouchNavRight();
-        break;
-    }
-}
-
-void InkHUD::InkHUD::touchTap(uint16_t x, uint16_t y)
-{
-    events->onTouchTap(x, y, false);
-}
-
-void InkHUD::InkHUD::touchLongPress(uint16_t x, uint16_t y)
-{
-    events->onTouchTap(x, y, true);
-}
-
 // Call this for keyboard input
 // The Keyboard Applet also calls this
 void InkHUD::InkHUD::freeText(char c)
@@ -327,12 +223,6 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::openMenu()
    windowManager->openMenu();
 }

-// Show touch-friendly app switcher (on the focused tile)
-void InkHUD::InkHUD::openAppSwitcher()
-{
-    windowManager->openAppSwitcher();
-}
-
 // Bring AlignStick applet to the foreground
 void InkHUD::InkHUD::openAlignStick()
 {
@@ -365,16 +255,6 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::prevTile()
    windowManager->prevTile();
 }

-bool InkHUD::InkHUD::showApplet(uint8_t appletIndex)
-{
-    return windowManager->showApplet(appletIndex);
-}
-
-bool InkHUD::InkHUD::selectTileAt(uint16_t x, uint16_t y)
-{
-    return windowManager->selectTileAt(x, y);
-}
-
 // Rotate the display image by 90 degrees
 void InkHUD::InkHUD::rotate()
 {
@@ -496,4 +376,4 @@ void InkHUD::InkHUD::drawPixel(int16_t x, int16_t y, Color c)
    renderer->handlePixel(x, y, c);
 }

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@ class WindowManager;
 class InkHUD
 {
  public:
-    using TouchEnabledProvider = bool (*)();
-
    static InkHUD *getInstance(); // Access to this singleton class

    // Configuration
@@ -53,11 +51,6 @@ class InkHUD

    void begin();

-    // Optional touch-state provider for reusable touch status indicators.
-    void setTouchEnabledProvider(TouchEnabledProvider provider);
-    bool hasTouchEnabledProvider() const;
-    bool isTouchEnabled() const;
-
    // Handle user-button press
    // - connected to an input source, in variant nicheGraphics.h

@@ -69,12 +62,6 @@ class InkHUD
    void navDown();
    void navLeft();
    void navRight();
-    void touchNavUp();
-    void touchNavDown();
-    void touchNavLeft();
-    void touchNavRight();
-    void touchTap(uint16_t x, uint16_t y);
-    void touchLongPress(uint16_t x, uint16_t y);

    // Freetext handlers
    void freeText(char c);
@@ -89,14 +76,11 @@ class InkHUD
    void prevApplet();
    NicheGraphics::InkHUD::Applet *getActiveApplet();
    void openMenu();
-    void openAppSwitcher();
    void openAlignStick();
    void openKeyboard();
    void closeKeyboard();
    void nextTile();
    void prevTile();
-    bool showApplet(uint8_t appletIndex);
-    bool selectTileAt(uint16_t x, uint16_t y);
    void rotate();
    void rotateJoystick(uint8_t angle = 1); // rotate 90 deg by default
    void toggleBatteryIcon();
@@ -145,7 +129,6 @@ class InkHUD
    Events *events = nullptr;               // Handle non-specific firmware events
    Renderer *renderer = nullptr;           // Co-ordinate display updates
    WindowManager *windowManager = nullptr; // Multiplexing of applets
-    TouchEnabledProvider touchEnabledProvider = nullptr;
 };

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD
@@ -142,4 +142,4 @@ class Persistence

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -3,13 +3,11 @@
 #include "./WindowManager.h"

 #include "./Applets/System/AlignStick/AlignStickApplet.h"
-#include "./Applets/System/AppSwitcher/AppSwitcherApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/BatteryIcon/BatteryIconApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Keyboard/KeyboardApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Logo/LogoApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Menu/MenuApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Notification/NotificationApplet.h"
-#include "./Applets/System/Notification/TouchStatusApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Pairing/PairingApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Placeholder/PlaceholderApplet.h"
 #include "./Applets/System/Tips/TipsApplet.h"
@@ -17,14 +15,6 @@

 using namespace NicheGraphics;

-namespace
-{
-bool supportsOnScreenKeyboard(const InkHUD::InkHUD *inkhud, const InkHUD::Persistence::Settings *settings)
-{
-    return !inkhud->twoWayRocker && (settings->joystick.enabled || inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider());
-}
-} // namespace
-
 InkHUD::WindowManager::WindowManager()
 {
    // Convenient references
@@ -142,38 +132,6 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::prevTile()
        userTiles.at(settings->userTiles.focused)->requestHighlight();
 }

-// Focus the user tile containing a touch coordinate.
-// Returns true only when the focused tile changes.
-bool InkHUD::WindowManager::selectTileAt(uint16_t x, uint16_t y)
-{
-    if (userTiles.size() < 2)
-        return false;
-
-    const int32_t tx = x;
-    const int32_t ty = y;
-
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < userTiles.size(); i++) {
-        Tile *tile = userTiles.at(i);
-
-        const int32_t left = tile->getLeft();
-        const int32_t top = tile->getTop();
-        const int32_t right = left + tile->getWidth();
-        const int32_t bottom = top + tile->getHeight();
-
-        if (tx < left || tx >= right || ty < top || ty >= bottom)
-            continue;
-
-        if (settings->userTiles.focused == i)
-            return false;
-
-        settings->userTiles.focused = i;
-        refocusTile();
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    return false;
-}
-
 // Show the menu (on the the focused tile)
 // The applet previously displayed there will be restored once the menu closes
 void InkHUD::WindowManager::openMenu()
@@ -182,18 +140,6 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::openMenu()
    menu->show(userTiles.at(settings->userTiles.focused));
 }

-// Show touch-only app switcher on the focused tile
-void InkHUD::WindowManager::openAppSwitcher()
-{
-    if (!inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider())
-        return;
-
-    AppSwitcherApplet *switcher = static_cast<AppSwitcherApplet *>(inkhud->getSystemApplet("AppSwitcher"));
-    if (switcher) {
-        switcher->show(userTiles.at(settings->userTiles.focused));
-    }
-}
-
 // Bring the AlignStick applet to the foreground
 void InkHUD::WindowManager::openAlignStick()
 {
@@ -205,7 +151,7 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::openAlignStick()

 void InkHUD::WindowManager::openKeyboard()
 {
-    if (!supportsOnScreenKeyboard(inkhud, settings))
+    if (!settings->joystick.enabled || inkhud->twoWayRocker)
        return;

    KeyboardApplet *keyboard = (KeyboardApplet *)inkhud->getSystemApplet("Keyboard");
@@ -219,7 +165,7 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::openKeyboard()

 void InkHUD::WindowManager::closeKeyboard()
 {
-    if (!supportsOnScreenKeyboard(inkhud, settings))
+    if (!settings->joystick.enabled || inkhud->twoWayRocker)
        return;

    KeyboardApplet *keyboard = (KeyboardApplet *)inkhud->getSystemApplet("Keyboard");
@@ -333,41 +279,6 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::prevApplet()
    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST); // bringToForeground already requested, but we're manually forcing FAST
 }

-// Show a specific applet on the focused tile, or focus the tile where it is already shown.
-bool InkHUD::WindowManager::showApplet(uint8_t appletIndex)
-{
-    if (appletIndex >= inkhud->userApplets.size())
-        return false;
-
-    Applet *target = inkhud->userApplets.at(appletIndex);
-    if (!target || !target->isActive())
-        return false;
-
-    // If target is already visible on another tile, just focus that tile.
-    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < userTiles.size(); i++) {
-        if (userTiles.at(i)->getAssignedApplet() == target) {
-            settings->userTiles.focused = i;
-            refocusTile();
-            if (!settings->optionalMenuItems.nextTile)
-                userTiles.at(settings->userTiles.focused)->requestHighlight();
-            inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Otherwise replace the focused tile's applet.
-    Tile *focused = userTiles.at(settings->userTiles.focused);
-    Applet *current = focused->getAssignedApplet();
-    if (current && current != target)
-        current->sendToBackground();
-
-    focused->assignApplet(target);
-    target->bringToForeground();
-    settings->userTiles.displayedUserApplet[settings->userTiles.focused] = appletIndex;
-    inkhud->forceUpdate(EInk::UpdateTypes::FAST);
-    return true;
-}
-
 // Returns active applet
 NicheGraphics::InkHUD::Applet *InkHUD::WindowManager::getActiveApplet()
 {
@@ -574,21 +485,14 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::createSystemApplets()
    addSystemApplet("Tips", new TipsApplet, new Tile);
    if (settings->joystick.enabled && !inkhud->twoWayRocker) {
        addSystemApplet("AlignStick", new AlignStickApplet, new Tile);
-    }
-    if (supportsOnScreenKeyboard(inkhud, settings)) {
        addSystemApplet("Keyboard", new KeyboardApplet, new Tile);
    }
-    if (inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider()) {
-        addSystemApplet("AppSwitcher", new AppSwitcherApplet, nullptr);
-    }

    addSystemApplet("Menu", new MenuApplet, nullptr);

    // Battery and notifications *behind* the menu
    addSystemApplet("Notification", new NotificationApplet, new Tile);
    addSystemApplet("BatteryIcon", new BatteryIconApplet, new Tile);
-    if (inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider())
-        addSystemApplet("TouchStatus", new TouchStatusApplet, new Tile);

    // Special handling only, via Rendering::renderPlaceholders
    addSystemApplet("Placeholder", new PlaceholderApplet, nullptr);
@@ -607,8 +511,6 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::placeSystemTiles()
    inkhud->getSystemApplet("Tips")->getTile()->setRegion(0, 0, inkhud->width(), inkhud->height());
    if (settings->joystick.enabled && !inkhud->twoWayRocker) {
        inkhud->getSystemApplet("AlignStick")->getTile()->setRegion(0, 0, inkhud->width(), inkhud->height());
-    }
-    if (supportsOnScreenKeyboard(inkhud, settings)) {
        const uint16_t keyboardHeight = KeyboardApplet::getKeyboardHeight();
        inkhud->getSystemApplet("Keyboard")
            ->getTile()
@@ -625,17 +527,6 @@ void InkHUD::WindowManager::placeSystemTiles()
                    batteryIconWidth + 1,                   // width
                    batteryIconHeight + 2);                 // height

-    if (inkhud->hasTouchEnabledProvider()) {
-        const uint16_t touchStatusH = Applet::fontSmall.lineHeight() + 4;
-        inkhud->getSystemApplet("TouchStatus")
-            ->getTile()
-            ->setRegion(0, inkhud->height() - touchStatusH, inkhud->width(), touchStatusH);
-        if (inkhud->isTouchEnabled())
-            inkhud->getSystemApplet("TouchStatus")->sendToBackground();
-        else
-            inkhud->getSystemApplet("TouchStatus")->bringToForeground();
-    }
-
    // Note: the tiles of placeholder and menu applets are manipulated specially
    // - menuApplet borrows user tiles
    // - placeholder applet is temporarily assigned to each user tile of WindowManager::getEmptyTiles
@@ -29,16 +29,13 @@ class WindowManager

    void nextTile();
    void prevTile();
-    bool selectTileAt(uint16_t x, uint16_t y);
    Applet *getActiveApplet();
    void openMenu();
    void openAlignStick();
-    void openAppSwitcher();
    void openKeyboard();
    void closeKeyboard();
    void nextApplet();
    void prevApplet();
-    bool showApplet(uint8_t appletIndex);
    void rotate();
    void toggleBatteryIcon();

@@ -79,4 +76,4 @@ class WindowManager

 } // namespace NicheGraphics::InkHUD

-#endif
+#endif
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ RotaryEncoderImpl *rotaryEncoderImpl;

 RotaryEncoderImpl::RotaryEncoderImpl()
 {
+    rotary = nullptr;
 #ifdef ARCH_ESP32
    isFirstInit = true;
 #endif
@@ -22,6 +23,11 @@ RotaryEncoderImpl::~RotaryEncoderImpl()
 {
    LOG_DEBUG("RotaryEncoderImpl destructor");
    detachRotaryEncoderInterrupts();
+
+    if (rotary != nullptr) {
+        delete rotary;
+        rotary = nullptr;
+    }
 }

 bool RotaryEncoderImpl::init()
@@ -37,9 +43,8 @@ bool RotaryEncoderImpl::init()
    eventPressed = static_cast<input_broker_event>(moduleConfig.canned_message.inputbroker_event_press);

    if (rotary == nullptr) {
-        rotary.reset(new RotaryEncoder(moduleConfig.canned_message.inputbroker_pin_a,
-                                       moduleConfig.canned_message.inputbroker_pin_b,
-                                       moduleConfig.canned_message.inputbroker_pin_press));
+        rotary = new RotaryEncoder(moduleConfig.canned_message.inputbroker_pin_a, moduleConfig.canned_message.inputbroker_pin_b,
+                                   moduleConfig.canned_message.inputbroker_pin_press);
    }

    attachRotaryEncoderInterrupts();
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include "InputBroker.h"
 #include "concurrency/OSThread.h"
 #include "mesh/NodeDB.h"
-#include <memory>

 class RotaryEncoder;

@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ class RotaryEncoderImpl final : public InputPollable
    input_broker_event eventCcw = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;
    input_broker_event eventPressed = INPUT_BROKER_NONE;

-    std::unique_ptr<RotaryEncoder> rotary;
+    RotaryEncoder *rotary;

  private:
 #ifdef ARCH_ESP32
@@ -9,35 +9,6 @@
 #define TIME_LONG_PRESS 400
 #endif

-// Touch sampling cadence (milliseconds).
-// Can be overridden by board variants for faster touch panels.
-#ifndef TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_IDLE
-#define TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_IDLE 100
-#endif
-
-#ifndef TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_ACTIVE
-#define TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_ACTIVE 20
-#endif
-
-#ifndef TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_RELEASE
-#define TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_RELEASE 50
-#endif
-
-// Faster cadence used for keyboard-like tap-heavy UIs.
-#ifndef TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_ACTIVE_FAST
-#define TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_ACTIVE_FAST TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_ACTIVE
-#endif
-
-#ifndef TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_RELEASE_FAST
-#define TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_RELEASE_FAST TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_RELEASE
-#endif
-
-// Ignore very short "finger lifted" glitches from noisy touch controllers.
-// A release is only accepted once we've seen no-touch for at least this duration.
-#ifndef TOUCH_RELEASE_GRACE_MS
-#define TOUCH_RELEASE_GRACE_MS 35
-#endif
-
 // move a minimum distance over the screen to detect a "swipe"
 #ifndef TOUCH_THRESHOLD_X
 #define TOUCH_THRESHOLD_X 30
@@ -49,7 +20,7 @@

 TouchScreenBase::TouchScreenBase(const char *name, uint16_t width, uint16_t height)
    : concurrency::OSThread(name), _display_width(width), _display_height(height), _first_x(0), _last_x(0), _first_y(0),
-      _last_y(0), _start(0), _lastTouchSeenMs(0), _tapped(false), _originName(name)
+      _last_y(0), _start(0), _tapped(false), _originName(name)
 {
 }

@@ -57,7 +28,7 @@ void TouchScreenBase::init(bool hasTouch)
 {
    if (hasTouch) {
        LOG_INFO("TouchScreen initialized %d %d", TOUCH_THRESHOLD_X, TOUCH_THRESHOLD_Y);
-        this->setInterval(TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_IDLE);
+        this->setInterval(100);
    } else {
        disable();
        this->setInterval(UINT_MAX);
@@ -68,8 +39,6 @@ int32_t TouchScreenBase::runOnce()
 {
    TouchEvent e;
    e.touchEvent = static_cast<char>(TOUCH_ACTION_NONE);
-    const bool fastTapMode = fastTapModeEnabled();
-    const bool allowLongPress = longPressEnabled();

    // process touch events
    int16_t x, y;
@@ -77,13 +46,9 @@ int32_t TouchScreenBase::runOnce()
    if (x < 0 || y < 0) // T-deck can emit phantom touch events with a negative value when turning off the screen
        touched = false;
    if (touched) {
-        _lastTouchSeenMs = millis();
-        this->setInterval(fastTapMode ? TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_ACTIVE_FAST : TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_ACTIVE);
+        this->setInterval(20);
        _last_x = x;
        _last_y = y;
-    } else if (_touchedOld && ((uint32_t)millis() - _lastTouchSeenMs) < TOUCH_RELEASE_GRACE_MS) {
-        // Treat brief no-touch samples as continuous touch to preserve long-press detection.
-        touched = true;
    }
    if (touched != _touchedOld) {
        if (touched) {
@@ -97,7 +62,7 @@ int32_t TouchScreenBase::runOnce()
            time_t duration = millis() - _start;
            x = _last_x;
            y = _last_y;
-            this->setInterval(fastTapMode ? TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_RELEASE_FAST : TOUCH_POLL_INTERVAL_RELEASE);
+            this->setInterval(50);

            // compute distance
            int16_t dx = x - _first_x;
@@ -127,7 +92,7 @@ int32_t TouchScreenBase::runOnce()
            }
            // tap
            else {
-                if (duration > 0 && (duration < TIME_LONG_PRESS || !allowLongPress)) {
+                if (duration > 0 && duration < TIME_LONG_PRESS) {
                    if (_tapped) {
                        _tapped = false;
                    } else {
@@ -167,7 +132,7 @@ int32_t TouchScreenBase::runOnce()
 #endif

    // fire LONG_PRESS event without the need for release
-    if (allowLongPress && touched && (time_t(millis()) - _start) > TIME_LONG_PRESS) {
+    if (touched && (time_t(millis()) - _start) > TIME_LONG_PRESS) {
        // tricky: prevent reoccurring events and another touch event when releasing
        _start = millis() + 30000;
        e.touchEvent = static_cast<char>(TOUCH_ACTION_LONG_PRESS);
@@ -192,13 +157,3 @@ void TouchScreenBase::hapticFeedback()
    drv.go();
 #endif
 }
-
-bool TouchScreenBase::fastTapModeEnabled() const
-{
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool TouchScreenBase::longPressEnabled() const
-{
-    return true;
-}
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@ class TouchScreenBase : public Observable<const InputEvent *>, public concurrenc

    virtual bool getTouch(int16_t &x, int16_t &y) = 0;
    virtual void onEvent(const TouchEvent &event) = 0;
-    virtual bool fastTapModeEnabled() const;
-    virtual bool longPressEnabled() const;

    volatile TouchScreenBaseStateType _state = TOUCH_EVENT_CLEARED;
    volatile TouchScreenBaseEventType _action = TOUCH_ACTION_NONE;
@@ -51,7 +49,6 @@ class TouchScreenBase : public Observable<const InputEvent *>, public concurrenc
    int16_t _first_x, _last_x; // horizontal swipe direction
    int16_t _first_y, _last_y; // vertical swipe direction
    time_t _start;             // for LONG_PRESS
-    uint32_t _lastTouchSeenMs; // helps suppress brief touch-controller dropouts
    bool _tapped;              // for DOUBLE_TAP

    const char *_originName;
@@ -3,12 +3,6 @@
 #include "PowerFSM.h"
 #include "configuration.h"
 #include "modules/ExternalNotificationModule.h"
-#include <cstring>
-
-#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_NICHE_GRAPHICS
-#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/InkHUD.h"
-#include "graphics/niche/InkHUD/SystemApplet.h"
-#endif

 #if ARCH_PORTDUINO
 #include "platform/portduino/PortduinoGlue.h"
@@ -45,31 +39,6 @@ bool TouchScreenImpl1::getTouch(int16_t &x, int16_t &y)
    return _getTouch(&x, &y);
 }

-bool TouchScreenImpl1::fastTapModeEnabled() const
-{
-#ifdef MESHTASTIC_INCLUDE_NICHE_GRAPHICS
-    const auto *inkhud = NicheGraphics::InkHUD::InkHUD::getInstance();
-    if (!inkhud) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    for (auto *sa : inkhud->systemApplets) {
-        if (!sa || !sa->name) {
-            continue;
-        }
-        if (strcmp(sa->name, "Keyboard") == 0) {
-            return sa->isForeground();
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool TouchScreenImpl1::longPressEnabled() const
-{
-    return !fastTapModeEnabled();
-}
-
 /**
 * @brief forward touchscreen event
 *
@@ -114,4 +83,4 @@ void TouchScreenImpl1::onEvent(const TouchEvent &event)
        return;
    }
    this->notifyObservers(&e);
-}
+}
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@ class TouchScreenImpl1 : public TouchScreenBase
  protected:
    virtual bool getTouch(int16_t &x, int16_t &y);
    virtual void onEvent(const TouchEvent &event);
-    bool fastTapModeEnabled() const override;
-    bool longPressEnabled() const override;

    bool (*_getTouch)(int16_t *, int16_t *);
 };
@@ -10,26 +10,8 @@
 #include "memGet.h"
 #include "configuration.h"

-#if defined(MESHTASTIC_DYNAMIC_SBRK_HEAP)
-#include <malloc.h>
-#include <unistd.h> // sbrk
-
 #ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
-// Returns the uncommitted sbrk headroom: addressable space between the current heap
-// break and the stack pointer that has not yet been committed to the arena.
-static uint32_t sbrkHeadroom()
-{
-    // defined in STM32 linker script
-    extern char _estack;
-    extern char _Min_Stack_Size;
-
-    uint32_t max_sp = (uint32_t)(&_estack - &_Min_Stack_Size);
-    uint32_t heap_end = (uint32_t)sbrk(0);
-    return (max_sp > heap_end) ? (max_sp - heap_end) : 0;
-}
-#else
-#error Unsupported architecture!
-#endif
+#include <malloc.h>
 #endif

 MemGet memGet;
@@ -46,9 +28,9 @@ uint32_t MemGet::getFreeHeap()
    return dbgHeapFree();
 #elif defined(ARCH_RP2040)
    return rp2040.getFreeHeap();
-#elif defined(MESHTASTIC_DYNAMIC_SBRK_HEAP) // Currently: ARCH_STM32WL
+#elif defined(ARCH_STM32WL)
    struct mallinfo m = mallinfo();
-    return m.fordblks + sbrkHeadroom(); // Free space within arena + uncommitted sbrk headroom
+    return m.fordblks; // Total free space (bytes)
 #else
    // this platform does not have heap management function implemented
    return UINT32_MAX;
@@ -67,9 +49,9 @@ uint32_t MemGet::getHeapSize()
    return dbgHeapTotal();
 #elif defined(ARCH_RP2040)
    return rp2040.getTotalHeap();
-#elif defined(MESHTASTIC_DYNAMIC_SBRK_HEAP) // Currently: ARCH_STM32WL
+#elif defined(ARCH_STM32WL)
    struct mallinfo m = mallinfo();
-    return m.arena + sbrkHeadroom(); // Non-mmapped space allocated + uncommitted sbrk headroom
+    return m.arena; // Non-mmapped space allocated (bytes)
 #else
    // this platform does not have heap management function implemented
    return UINT32_MAX;
@@ -71,33 +71,6 @@ bool CryptoEngine::regeneratePublicKey(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey)
    }
    return true;
 }
-
-bool CryptoEngine::ensurePkiKeys(meshtastic_Config_SecurityConfig &security, meshtastic_User &user)
-{
-    if (user.is_licensed) {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    bool keygenSuccess = false;
-    if (security.private_key.size == 32) {
-        if (regeneratePublicKey(security.public_key.bytes, security.private_key.bytes)) {
-            keygenSuccess = true;
-        }
-    } else {
-        LOG_INFO("Generate new PKI keys");
-        generateKeyPair(security.public_key.bytes, security.private_key.bytes);
-        keygenSuccess = true;
-    }
-
-    if (keygenSuccess) {
-        security.public_key.size = 32;
-        security.private_key.size = 32;
-        user.public_key.size = 32;
-        memcpy(user.public_key.bytes, security.public_key.bytes, 32);
-    }
-
-    return keygenSuccess;
-}
 #endif

 /**
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ class CryptoEngine
 #if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI_KEYGEN)
    virtual void generateKeyPair(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey);
    virtual bool regeneratePublicKey(uint8_t *pubKey, uint8_t *privKey);
-    virtual bool ensurePkiKeys(meshtastic_Config_SecurityConfig &security, meshtastic_User &user);

 #endif
    void setDHPrivateKey(uint8_t *_private_key);
@@ -30,11 +30,6 @@
 #define min_node_info_broadcast_secs 60 * 60 // No regular broadcasts of more than once an hour
 #define min_neighbor_info_broadcast_secs 4 * 60 * 60
 #define default_map_publish_interval_secs 60 * 60
-
-// Traffic management defaults
-#define default_traffic_mgmt_position_precision_bits 24               // ~10m grid cells
-#define default_traffic_mgmt_position_min_interval_secs (ONE_DAY / 2) // 12 hours between identical positions
-
 #ifdef USERPREFS_RINGTONE_NAG_SECS
 #define default_ringtone_nag_secs USERPREFS_RINGTONE_NAG_SECS
 #else
@@ -1,9 +1,5 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
 #include "LR11x0Interface.cpp"
 #include "LR11x0Interface.h"
-#include "LR20x0Interface.cpp"
-#include "LR20x0Interface.h"
 #include "SX126xInterface.cpp"
 #include "SX126xInterface.h"
 #include "SX128xInterface.cpp"
@@ -25,9 +21,6 @@ template class LR11x0Interface<LR1110>;
 template class LR11x0Interface<LR1120>;
 template class LR11x0Interface<LR1121>;
 #endif
-#if defined(USE_LR2021) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR2021 != 1
-template class LR20x0Interface<LR2021>;
-#endif
 #ifdef ARCH_STM32WL
 template class SX126xInterface<STM32WLx>;
 #endif
@@ -57,27 +57,26 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::init()
 #if ARCH_PORTDUINO
    float tcxoVoltage = (float)portduino_config.dio3_tcxo_voltage / 1000;
 // FIXME: correct logic to default to not using TCXO if no voltage is specified for LR11x0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE
-#elif defined(LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE)
-    float tcxoVoltage = LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE;
-    LOG_DEBUG("LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE defined, using DIO3 as TCXO reference voltage at %f V", LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-    // (DIO3 is not free to be used as an IRQ)
-#elif defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL)
-    float tcxoVoltage = 1.6f; // TCXO_OPTIONAL: try default 1.6 V first, fall back to XTAL on failure
-    LOG_DEBUG("TCXO_OPTIONAL: no LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE defined, trying default TCXO Vref 1.6 V first");
-#else
+#elif !defined(LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE)
    float tcxoVoltage =
        0; // "TCXO reference voltage to be set on DIO3. Defaults to 1.6 V, set to 0 to skip." per
           // https://github.com/jgromes/RadioLib/blob/690a050ebb46e6097c5d00c371e961c1caa3b52e/src/modules/LR11x0/LR11x0.h#L471C26-L471C104
    // (DIO3 is free to be used as an IRQ)
    LOG_DEBUG("LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE not defined, not using DIO3 as TCXO reference voltage");
+#else
+    float tcxoVoltage = LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE;
+    LOG_DEBUG("LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE defined, using DIO3 as TCXO reference voltage at %f V", LR11X0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
+    // (DIO3 is not free to be used as an IRQ)
 #endif

    RadioLibInterface::init();

-    if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) { // clamp if wide freq range
-        limitPower(LR1120_MAX_POWER);
-    } else {
-        limitPower(LR1110_MAX_POWER); // default clamp for non-wide freq range
+    limitPower(LR1110_MAX_POWER);
+
+    if ((power > LR1120_MAX_POWER) &&
+        (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) { // clamp again if wide freq range
+        power = LR1120_MAX_POWER;
+        preambleLength = 12; // 12 is the default for operation above 2GHz
    }

 #ifdef LR11X0_RF_SWITCH_SUBGHZ
@@ -104,17 +103,6 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::init()
        res = lora.begin(getFreq(), bw, sf, cr, syncWord, power, preambleLength, tcxoVoltage);
    }

-#if defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL)
-    // If init failed for any reason other than chip not found, retry without TCXO (XTAL mode)
-    if (res != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE && res != RADIOLIB_ERR_CHIP_NOT_FOUND && tcxoVoltage > 0) {
-        LOG_WARN("LR11x0 init failed with TCXO Vref %f V (err %d), retrying without TCXO", tcxoVoltage, res);
-        tcxoVoltage = 0;
-        res = lora.begin(getFreq(), bw, sf, cr, syncWord, power, preambleLength, tcxoVoltage);
-        if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-            LOG_INFO("LR11x0 init success without TCXO (XTAL mode)");
-    }
-#endif
-
    // \todo Display actual typename of the adapter, not just `LR11x0`
    LOG_INFO("LR11x0 init result %d", res);
    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_CHIP_NOT_FOUND || res == RADIOLIB_ERR_SPI_CMD_FAILED)
@@ -189,12 +177,6 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::reconfigure()
    err = lora.setSyncWord(syncWord);
    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);

-    if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) { // clamp if wide freq range
-        limitPower(LR1120_MAX_POWER);
-    } else {
-        limitPower(LR1110_MAX_POWER); // default clamp for non-wide freq range
-    }
-
    err = lora.setPreambleLength(preambleLength);
    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);

@@ -202,17 +184,17 @@ template <typename T> bool LR11x0Interface<T>::reconfigure()
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);

+    if (power > LR1110_MAX_POWER) // This chip has lower power limits than some
+        power = LR1110_MAX_POWER;
+    if ((power > LR1120_MAX_POWER) && (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24)) // 2.4G power limit
+        power = LR1120_MAX_POWER;
+
    err = lora.setOutputPower(power);
    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);

-    // Apply RX gain mode — valid in STDBY, matches resetAGC() pattern
-    err = lora.setRxBoostedGainMode(config.lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain);
-    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        LOG_WARN("LR11x0 setRxBoostedGainMode %s%d", radioLibErr, err);
-
    startReceive(); // restart receiving

-    return true;
+    return RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE;
 }

 template <typename T> void LR11x0Interface<T>::disableInterrupt()
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#if defined(USE_LR2021) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR2021 != 1
-
-#include "LR2021Interface.h"
-#include "error.h"
-
-LR2021Interface::LR2021Interface(LockingArduinoHal *hal, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE cs, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE irq, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE rst,
-                                 RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE busy)
-    : LR20x0Interface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy)
-{
-}
-
-bool LR2021Interface::wideLora()
-{
-    return true;
-}
-#endif
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#if RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR2021 != 1
-#include "LR20x0Interface.h"
-
-/**
- * Our adapter for LR2021 radios
- */
-class LR2021Interface : public LR20x0Interface<LR2021>
-{
-  public:
-    LR2021Interface(LockingArduinoHal *hal, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE cs, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE irq, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE rst,
-                    RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE busy);
-    bool wideLora() override;
-};
-#endif
@@ -1,399 +0,0 @@
-#include "configuration.h"
-
-#if defined(USE_LR2021) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR2021 != 1
-#include "LR20x0Interface.h"
-#include "error.h"
-#include "mesh/NodeDB.h"
-
-// Keep LR20x0 naming while RadioLib exposes LR2021 symbols.
-#ifndef LR20x0
-#define LR20x0 LR2021
-#endif
-
-#ifdef LR2021_DIO_AS_RF_SWITCH
-#include "rfswitch.h"
-#elif ARCH_PORTDUINO
-#include "PortduinoGlue.h"
-#define lr20x0_rfswitch_dio_pins portduino_config.rfswitch_dio_pins
-#define lr20x0_rfswitch_table portduino_config.rfswitch_table
-#else
-static const uint32_t lr20x0_rfswitch_dio_pins[] = {RADIOLIB_NC, RADIOLIB_NC, RADIOLIB_NC, RADIOLIB_NC, RADIOLIB_NC};
-static const Module::RfSwitchMode_t lr20x0_rfswitch_table[] = {
-    {LR20x0::MODE_STBY, {}},  {LR20x0::MODE_RX, {}},    {LR20x0::MODE_TX, {}},
-    {LR20x0::MODE_RX_HF, {}}, {LR20x0::MODE_TX_HF, {}}, END_OF_MODE_TABLE,
-};
-#endif
-
-// Particular boards might define a different max power based on what their hardware can do, default to max power output if not
-// specified (may be dangerous if using external PA and LR20x0 power config forgotten)
-#if ARCH_PORTDUINO
-#define LR2021_MAX_POWER portduino_config.lr2021_max_power
-#endif
-#ifndef LR2021_MAX_POWER
-#define LR2021_MAX_POWER 22
-#endif
-
-// the 2.4G part maxes at 12dBm
-
-#if ARCH_PORTDUINO
-#define LR2021_MAX_POWER_HF portduino_config.lr2021_max_power_hf
-#endif
-#ifndef LR2021_MAX_POWER_HF
-#define LR2021_MAX_POWER_HF 12
-#endif
-
-template <typename T>
-LR20x0Interface<T>::LR20x0Interface(LockingArduinoHal *hal, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE cs, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE irq, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE rst,
-                                    RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE busy)
-    : RadioLibInterface(hal, cs, irq, rst, busy, &lora), lora(&module)
-{
-    LOG_WARN("LR20x0Interface(cs=%d, irq=%d, rst=%d, busy=%d)", cs, irq, rst, busy);
-}
-
-/// Initialise the Driver transport hardware and software.
-/// Make sure the Driver is properly configured before calling init().
-/// \return true if initialisation succeeded.
-template <typename T> bool LR20x0Interface<T>::init()
-{
-#ifdef LR2021_POWER_EN
-    pinMode(LR2021_POWER_EN, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(LR2021_POWER_EN, HIGH);
-#endif
-
-#if ARCH_PORTDUINO
-    float tcxoVoltage = (float)portduino_config.dio3_tcxo_voltage / 1000;
-// FIXME: correct logic to default to not using TCXO if no voltage is specified for LR20x0_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE
-#elif defined(LR2021_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE)
-    float tcxoVoltage = LR2021_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE;
-    LOG_DEBUG("LR2021_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE defined, using DIO3 as TCXO reference voltage at %f V", LR2021_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE);
-    // (DIO3 is not free to be used as an IRQ)
-#elif defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL)
-    float tcxoVoltage = 1.6f; // TCXO_OPTIONAL: try default 1.6 V first, fall back to XTAL on failure
-    LOG_DEBUG("TCXO_OPTIONAL: no LR2021_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE defined, trying default TCXO Vref 1.6 V first");
-#else
-    float tcxoVoltage =
-        0; // "TCXO reference voltage to be set on DIO3. Defaults to 1.6 V, set to 0 to skip." per
-           // https://github.com/jgromes/RadioLib/blob/690a050ebb46e6097c5d00c371e961c1caa3b52e/src/modules/LR11x0/LR11x0.h#L471C26-L471C104
-    // (DIO3 is free to be used as an IRQ)
-    LOG_DEBUG("LR2021_DIO3_TCXO_VOLTAGE not defined, not using DIO3 as TCXO reference voltage");
-#endif
-
-    RadioLibInterface::init();
-
-#ifdef LR2021_IRQ_DIO_NUM
-    lora.irqDioNum = LR2021_IRQ_DIO_NUM;
-    LOG_DEBUG("Set irqDioNum %d", lora.irqDioNum);
-#elif defined(IRQ_DIO_NUM)
-    lora.irqDioNum = IRQ_DIO_NUM;
-    LOG_DEBUG("Set irqDioNum %d", lora.irqDioNum);
-#else
-    LOG_DEBUG("Use default irqDioNum %d", lora.irqDioNum);
-#endif
-
-    if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) { // clamp if wide freq range
-        limitPower(LR2021_MAX_POWER_HF);
-    } else {
-        limitPower(LR2021_MAX_POWER); // default clamp for non-wide freq range
-    }
-
-#ifdef LR2021_RF_SWITCH_SUBGHZ
-    pinMode(LR2021_RF_SWITCH_SUBGHZ, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(LR2021_RF_SWITCH_SUBGHZ, getFreq() < 1e9 ? HIGH : LOW);
-    LOG_DEBUG("Set RF0 switch to %s", getFreq() < 1e9 ? "SubGHz" : "2.4GHz");
-#endif
-
-#ifdef LR2021_RF_SWITCH_2_4GHZ
-    pinMode(LR2021_RF_SWITCH_2_4GHZ, OUTPUT);
-    digitalWrite(LR2021_RF_SWITCH_2_4GHZ, getFreq() < 1e9 ? LOW : HIGH);
-    LOG_DEBUG("Set RF1 switch to %s", getFreq() < 1e9 ? "SubGHz" : "2.4GHz");
-#endif
-
-    // Allow extra time for TCXO to stabilize after power-on
-    delay(10);
-
-    int res = lora.begin(getFreq(), bw, sf, cr, syncWord, power, preambleLength, tcxoVoltage);
-
-    // Retry if we get SPI command failed - some units need extra TCXO stabilization time
-    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_SPI_CMD_FAILED) {
-        LOG_WARN("LR20x0 init failed with %d (SPI_CMD_FAILED), retrying after delay...", res);
-        delay(100);
-        res = lora.begin(getFreq(), bw, sf, cr, syncWord, power, preambleLength, tcxoVoltage);
-    }
-
-#if defined(TCXO_OPTIONAL)
-    // If init failed for any reason other than chip not found, retry without TCXO (XTAL mode)
-    if (res != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE && res != RADIOLIB_ERR_CHIP_NOT_FOUND && tcxoVoltage > 0) {
-        LOG_WARN("LR20x0 init failed with TCXO Vref %f V (err %d), retrying without TCXO", tcxoVoltage, res);
-        tcxoVoltage = 0;
-        res = lora.begin(getFreq(), bw, sf, cr, syncWord, power, preambleLength, tcxoVoltage);
-        if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-            LOG_INFO("LR20x0 init success without TCXO (XTAL mode)");
-    }
-#endif
-
-    // \todo Display actual typename of the adapter, not just `LR20x0`
-    LOG_INFO("LR20x0 init result %d", res);
-    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_CHIP_NOT_FOUND || res == RADIOLIB_ERR_SPI_CMD_FAILED)
-        return false;
-
-        // Some basic info about the module's explicit firmware version - no other info available
-        // Currently requires radiolib godmode
-
-#if RADIOLIB_GODMODE
-    uint8_t fwMajor = 0;
-    uint8_t fwMinor = 0;
-    int versionRes = lora.getVersion(&fwMajor, &fwMinor);
-    if (versionRes == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        LOG_DEBUG("LR20x0 FW %d.%d", fwMajor, fwMinor);
-#endif
-
-    LOG_INFO("Frequency set to %f", getFreq());
-    LOG_INFO("Bandwidth set to %f", bw);
-    LOG_INFO("Power output set to %d", power);
-
-    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        res = lora.setCRC(2);
-
-        // Standard DCDC ramp timing from RadioLib workarounds (register 0x00F20024)
-        // Currently requires radiolib godmode
-#if RADIOLIB_GODMODE
-    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE) {
-        uint8_t rampTimes[4] = {15, 15, 15, 15}; // Standard case for all conditions
-        res = lora.setRegMode(RADIOLIB_LR2021_REG_MODE_SIMO_NORMAL, rampTimes);
-        if (res != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-            LOG_WARN("LR2021 setRegMode failed: %d", res);
-    }
-#endif
-
-#ifdef LR2021_DIO_AS_RF_SWITCH
-    bool dioAsRfSwitch = true;
-#elif defined(ARCH_PORTDUINO)
-    bool dioAsRfSwitch = portduino_config.has_rfswitch_table;
-#else
-    bool dioAsRfSwitch = false;
-#endif
-
-    if (dioAsRfSwitch) {
-        lora.setRfSwitchTable(lr20x0_rfswitch_dio_pins, lr20x0_rfswitch_table);
-        LOG_DEBUG("Set DIO RF switch");
-    }
-
-    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE) {
-        if (config.lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain) { // the name is unfortunate but historically accurate
-            res = lora.setRxBoostedGainMode(true);
-            LOG_INFO("Set RX gain to boosted mode; result: %d", res);
-        } else {
-            res = lora.setRxBoostedGainMode(false);
-            LOG_INFO("Set RX gain to power saving mode (boosted mode off); result: %d", res);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (res == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        startReceive(); // start receiving
-
-    return res == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE;
-}
-
-template <typename T> bool LR20x0Interface<T>::reconfigure()
-{
-    RadioLibInterface::reconfigure();
-
-    // set mode to standby
-    setStandby();
-
-    // configure publicly accessible settings
-    int err = lora.setSpreadingFactor(sf);
-    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-
-    err = lora.setBandwidth(bw); // different form than LR11xx
-    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-
-    err = lora.setCodingRate(cr, cr != 7); // use long interleaving except if CR is 4/7 which doesn't support it
-    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-
-    err = lora.setSyncWord(syncWord);
-    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);
-
-    if (config.lora.region == meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_LORA_24) { // clamp if wide freq range
-        limitPower(LR2021_MAX_POWER_HF);
-    } else {
-        limitPower(LR2021_MAX_POWER); // default clamp for non-wide freq range
-    }
-
-    err = lora.setPreambleLength(preambleLength);
-    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);
-
-    err = lora.setFrequency(getFreq());
-    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-
-    err = lora.setOutputPower(power);
-    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);
-
-    // Apply RX gain mode — valid in STDBY, matches resetAGC() pattern
-    err = lora.setRxBoostedGainMode(config.lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain);
-    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        LOG_WARN("LR20x0 setRxBoostedGainMode %s%d", radioLibErr, err);
-
-    startReceive(); // restart receiving
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-template <typename T> void LR20x0Interface<T>::disableInterrupt()
-{
-    lora.clearIrqAction();
-}
-
-template <typename T> void LR20x0Interface<T>::setStandby()
-{
-    checkNotification(); // handle any pending interrupts before we force standby
-
-    int err = lora.standby();
-
-    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE) {
-        LOG_DEBUG("LR20x0 standby failed with error %d", err);
-    }
-
-    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);
-
-    isReceiving = false; // If we were receiving, not any more
-    activeReceiveStart = 0;
-    disableInterrupt();
-    completeSending(); // If we were sending, not anymore
-    RadioLibInterface::setStandby();
-}
-
-/**
- * Add SNR data to received messages
- */
-template <typename T> void LR20x0Interface<T>::addReceiveMetadata(meshtastic_MeshPacket *mp)
-{
-    // LOG_DEBUG("PacketStatus %x", lora.getPacketStatus());
-    mp->rx_snr = lora.getSNR();
-    mp->rx_rssi = lround(lora.getRSSI());
-    // LOG_DEBUG("Corrected frequency offset: %f", lora.getFrequencyError()); // not implemented for LR20x0, but noop for LR11x0
-    // too(!)
-}
-
-/** We override to turn on transmitter power as needed.
- */
-template <typename T> void LR20x0Interface<T>::configHardwareForSend()
-{
-    RadioLibInterface::configHardwareForSend();
-}
-
-// For power draw measurements, helpful to force radio to stay sleeping
-// #define SLEEP_ONLY
-
-template <typename T> void LR20x0Interface<T>::startReceive()
-{
-#ifdef SLEEP_ONLY
-    sleep();
-#else
-
-    setStandby();
-
-    lora.setPreambleLength(preambleLength); // Solve RX ack fail after direct message sent.  Not sure why this is needed.
-
-    // We use a 16 bit preamble so this should save some power by letting radio sit in standby mostly.
-    int err =
-        lora.startReceive(RADIOLIB_LR2021_RX_TIMEOUT_INF, MESHTASTIC_RADIOLIB_IRQ_RX_FLAGS, RADIOLIB_IRQ_RX_DEFAULT_MASK, 0);
-    if (err)
-        LOG_ERROR("StartReceive error: %d", err);
-    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);
-
-    RadioLibInterface::startReceive();
-
-    // Must be done AFTER starting receive, because startReceive clears (possibly stale) interrupt pending register bits
-    enableInterrupt(isrRxLevel0);
-    checkRxDoneIrqFlag();
-#endif
-}
-
-/** Is the channel currently active? */
-template <typename T> bool LR20x0Interface<T>::isChannelActive()
-{
-    // check if we can detect a LoRa preamble on the current channel
-    ChannelScanConfig_t cfg = {.cad = {.symNum = NUM_SYM_CAD,
-                                       .detPeak = RADIOLIB_LR2021_CAD_PARAM_DEFAULT,
-                                       .detMin = RADIOLIB_LR2021_CAD_PARAM_DEFAULT,
-                                       .exitMode = RADIOLIB_LR2021_CAD_PARAM_DEFAULT,
-                                       .timeout = 0,
-                                       .irqFlags = RADIOLIB_IRQ_CAD_DEFAULT_FLAGS,
-                                       .irqMask = RADIOLIB_IRQ_CAD_DEFAULT_MASK}};
-    int16_t result;
-
-    setStandby();
-    result = lora.scanChannel(cfg);
-    if (result == RADIOLIB_LORA_DETECTED)
-        return true;
-
-    assert(result != RADIOLIB_ERR_WRONG_MODEM);
-
-    return false;
-}
-
-/** Could we send right now (i.e. either not actively receiving or transmitting)? */
-template <typename T> bool LR20x0Interface<T>::isActivelyReceiving()
-{
-    // The IRQ status will be cleared when we start our read operation. Check if we've started a header, but haven't yet
-    // received and handled the interrupt for reading the packet/handling errors.
-    return receiveDetected(lora.getIrqStatus(), RADIOLIB_LR2021_IRQ_LORA_HEADER_VALID, RADIOLIB_LR2021_IRQ_PREAMBLE_DETECTED);
-}
-
-#ifdef LR20X0_AGC_RESET
-template <typename T> void LR20x0Interface<T>::resetAGC()
-{
-    // Safety: don't reset mid-packet
-    if (sendingPacket != NULL || (isReceiving && isActivelyReceiving()))
-        return;
-
-    LOG_DEBUG("LR20x0 AGC reset: warm sleep + Calibrate(0x3F)");
-
-    // 1. Warm sleep — powers down the analog frontend, resetting AGC state
-    lora.sleep(true, 0);
-
-    // 2. Wake to RC standby for stable calibration
-    lora.standby(RADIOLIB_LR20X0_STANDBY_RC, true);
-
-    // 3. Calibrate all blocks (PLL, ADC, image, RC oscillators)
-    //    calibrate() is protected on LR20x0, so use raw SPI (same as internal implementation)
-    uint8_t calData = RADIOLIB_LR20X0_CALIBRATE_ALL;
-    module.SPIwriteStream(RADIOLIB_LR20X0_CMD_CALIBRATE, &calData, 1, true, true);
-
-    // 4. Re-calibrate image rejection for actual operating frequency
-    //    Calibrate(0x3F) defaults to 902-928 MHz which is wrong for other regions.
-    lora.calibrateImageRejection(getFreq() - 4.0f, getFreq() + 4.0f);
-
-    // 5. Re-apply RX boosted gain mode
-    lora.setRxBoostedGainMode(config.lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain);
-
-    // 6. Resume receiving
-    startReceive();
-}
-#endif
-
-template <typename T> bool LR20x0Interface<T>::sleep()
-{
-    // \todo Display actual typename of the adapter, not just `LR20x0`
-    LOG_DEBUG("LR20x0 entering sleep mode");
-    setStandby(); // Stop any pending operations
-
-    // turn off TCXO if it was powered
-    lora.setTCXO(0);
-
-    // put chipset into sleep mode (we've already disabled interrupts by now)
-    bool keepConfig = false;
-    lora.sleep(keepConfig, 0); // Note: we do not keep the config, full reinit will be needed
-
-#ifdef LR2021_POWER_EN
-    digitalWrite(LR2021_POWER_EN, LOW);
-#endif
-
-    return true;
-}
-#endif
@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-#if RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR2021 != 1
-#include "RadioLibInterface.h"
-
-/**
- * \brief Adapter for LR20x0 radio family. Implements common logic for child classes.
- * \tparam T RadioLib module type for LR20x0, e.g. LR2021.
- */
-template <class T> class LR20x0Interface : public RadioLibInterface
-{
-  public:
-    LR20x0Interface(LockingArduinoHal *hal, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE cs, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE irq, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE rst,
-                    RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE busy);
-
-    /// Initialise the Driver transport hardware and software.
-    /// Make sure the Driver is properly configured before calling init().
-    /// \return true if initialisation succeeded.
-    virtual bool init() override;
-
-    /// Apply any radio provisioning changes
-    /// Make sure the Driver is properly configured before calling init().
-    /// \return true if initialisation succeeded.
-    virtual bool reconfigure() override;
-
-    /// Prepare hardware for sleep.  Call this _only_ for deep sleep, not needed for light sleep.
-    virtual bool sleep() override;
-
-    bool isIRQPending() override { return lora.getIrqFlags() != 0; }
-
-#ifdef LR20X0_AGC_RESET
-    void resetAGC() override;
-#endif
-
-  protected:
-    /**
-     * Specific module instance
-     */
-    T lora;
-
-    /**
-     * Glue functions called from ISR land
-     */
-    virtual void disableInterrupt() override;
-
-    /**
-     * Enable a particular ISR callback glue function
-     */
-    virtual void enableInterrupt(void (*callback)()) { lora.setIrqAction(callback); }
-
-    /** can we detect a LoRa preamble on the current channel? */
-    virtual bool isChannelActive() override;
-
-    /** are we actively receiving a packet (only called during receiving state) */
-    virtual bool isActivelyReceiving() override;
-
-    /**
-     * Start waiting to receive a message
-     */
-    virtual void startReceive() override;
-
-    /**
-     *  We override to turn on transmitter power as needed.
-     */
-    virtual void configHardwareForSend() override;
-
-    /**
-     * Add SNR data to received messages
-     */
-    virtual void addReceiveMetadata(meshtastic_MeshPacket *mp) override;
-
-    virtual void setStandby() override;
-
-    uint32_t getPacketTime(uint32_t pl, bool received) override { return computePacketTime(lora, pl, received); }
-};
-#endif
@@ -38,23 +38,13 @@ struct RegionInfo {
    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode code;
    float freqStart;
    float freqEnd;
-    float dutyCycle;    // modified by getEffectiveDutyCycle
+    float dutyCycle;
+    float spacing;
    uint8_t powerLimit; // Or zero for not set
+    bool audioPermitted;
    bool freqSwitching;
    bool wideLora;
-    const RegionProfile *profile;
    const char *name; // EU433 etc
-
-    // Preset accessors (delegate through profile)
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset getDefaultPreset() const { return profile->presets[0]; }
-    const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset *getAvailablePresets() const { return profile->presets; }
-    size_t getNumPresets() const
-    {
-        size_t n = 0;
-        while (profile->presets[n] != MODEM_PRESET_END)
-            n++;
-        return n;
-    }
 };

 extern const RegionInfo regions[];
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_TRACEROUTE
 #include "modules/TraceRouteModule.h"
 #endif
-#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
-#include "modules/TrafficManagementModule.h"
-#endif
 #include "NodeDB.h"

 NextHopRouter::NextHopRouter() {}
@@ -101,12 +98,9 @@ void NextHopRouter::sniffReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p, const meshtast
            if (origTx) {
                // Either relayer of ACK was also a relayer of the packet, or we were the *only* relayer and the ACK came
                // directly from the destination
-                // Single lookup for both relayer checks on the same (request_id, to) pair
-                bool wasAlreadyRelayer = false;
+                bool wasAlreadyRelayer = wasRelayer(p->relay_node, p->decoded.request_id, p->to);
                bool weWereSoleRelayer = false;
-                bool weWereRelayer = false;
-                checkRelayers(p->relay_node, ourRelayID, p->decoded.request_id, p->to, &wasAlreadyRelayer, &weWereRelayer,
-                              &weWereSoleRelayer);
+                bool weWereRelayer = wasRelayer(ourRelayID, p->decoded.request_id, p->to, &weWereSoleRelayer);
                if ((weWereRelayer && wasAlreadyRelayer) || (getHopsAway(*p) == 0 && weWereSoleRelayer)) {
                    if (origTx->next_hop != p->relay_node) { // Not already set
                        LOG_INFO("Update next hop of 0x%x to 0x%x based on ACK/reply (was relayer %d we were sole %d)", p->from,
@@ -132,28 +126,15 @@ void NextHopRouter::sniffReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p, const meshtast
 /* Check if we should be rebroadcasting this packet if so, do so. */
 bool NextHopRouter::perhapsRebroadcast(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
 {
-    // Check if traffic management wants to exhaust this packet's hops
-    bool exhaustHops = false;
-#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
-    if (trafficManagementModule && trafficManagementModule->shouldExhaustHops(*p)) {
-        exhaustHops = true;
-    }
-#endif
-
-    // Allow rebroadcast if hop_limit > 0 OR if we're exhausting hops (which sets hop_limit = 0 but still needs one relay)
-    if (!isToUs(p) && !isFromUs(p) && (p->hop_limit > 0 || exhaustHops)) {
+    if (!isToUs(p) && !isFromUs(p) && p->hop_limit > 0) {
        if (p->id != 0) {
            if (isRebroadcaster()) {
                if (p->next_hop == NO_NEXT_HOP_PREFERENCE || p->next_hop == nodeDB->getLastByteOfNodeNum(getNodeNum())) {
                    meshtastic_MeshPacket *tosend = packetPool.allocCopy(*p); // keep a copy because we will be sending it
                    LOG_INFO("Rebroadcast received message coming from %x", p->relay_node);

-                    // If exhausting hops, force hop_limit = 0 regardless of other logic
-                    if (exhaustHops) {
-                        tosend->hop_limit = 0;
-                        LOG_INFO("Traffic management: exhausting hops for 0x%08x, setting hop_limit=0", getFrom(p));
-                    } else if (shouldDecrementHopLimit(p)) {
-                        // Use shared logic to determine if hop_limit should be decremented
+                    // Use shared logic to determine if hop_limit should be decremented
+                    if (shouldDecrementHopLimit(p)) {
                        tosend->hop_limit--; // bump down the hop count
                    } else {
                        LOG_INFO("favorite-ROUTER/CLIENT_BASE-to-ROUTER/CLIENT_BASE rebroadcast: preserving hop_limit");
@@ -1306,7 +1306,7 @@ void NodeDB::loadFromDisk()
    // Coerce LoRa config fields derived from presets while bootstrapping.
    // Some clients/UI components display bandwidth/spread_factor directly from config even in preset mode.
    if (config.has_lora && config.lora.use_preset) {
-        RadioInterface::clampConfigLora(config.lora);
+        RadioInterface::bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(config.lora);
    }

 #if defined(USERPREFS_LORA_TX_DISABLED) && USERPREFS_LORA_TX_DISABLED
@@ -1611,10 +1611,12 @@ bool NodeDB::saveToDisk(int saveWhat)

    if (!success) {
        LOG_ERROR("Failed to save to disk, retrying");
+#ifdef ARCH_NRF52 // @geeksville is not ready yet to say we should do this on other platforms.  See bug #4184 discussion
        spiLock->lock();
-        fsFormat();
+        FSCom.format();
        spiLock->unlock();

+#endif
        success = saveToDiskNoRetry(saveWhat);

        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(success ? meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_FLASH_CORRUPTION_RECOVERABLE
@@ -1655,25 +1657,6 @@ uint32_t sinceReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
    return delta;
 }

-HopStartStatus classifyHopStart(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p)
-{
-    // Guard against invalid values.
-    if (p.hop_start < p.hop_limit)
-        return HopStartStatus::INVALID;
-
-    if (p.hop_start == 0) {
-        // Firmware prior to 2.3.0 (585805c) lacked a hop_start field. Firmware version 2.5.0 (bf34329) introduced a
-        // bitfield that is always present. Use the presence of the bitfield to determine if the origin's firmware
-        // version is guaranteed to have hop_start populated. Note that this can only be done for decoded packets as
-        // the bitfield is encrypted under the channel encryption key.
-        if (p.which_payload_variant == meshtastic_MeshPacket_decoded_tag && p.decoded.has_bitfield)
-            return HopStartStatus::VALID;
-        return HopStartStatus::MISSING_OR_UNKNOWN;
-    }
-
-    return HopStartStatus::VALID;
-}
-
 int8_t getHopsAway(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p, int8_t defaultIfUnknown)
 {
    // Firmware prior to 2.3.0 (585805c) lacked a hop_start field. Firmware version 2.5.0 (bf34329) introduced a
@@ -1711,22 +1694,6 @@ size_t NodeDB::getNumOnlineMeshNodes(bool localOnly)
 #include "MeshModule.h"
 #include "Throttle.h"

-static constexpr uint32_t HOPSTART_DROP_LOG_INTERVAL_MS = 15000;
-
-void logHopStartDrop(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p, const char *context)
-{
-    static uint32_t lastLogMs = 0;
-    if (Throttle::isWithinTimespanMs(lastLogMs, HOPSTART_DROP_LOG_INTERVAL_MS)) {
-        return;
-    }
-    lastLogMs = millis();
-    const bool decoded = (p.which_payload_variant == meshtastic_MeshPacket_decoded_tag);
-    const bool hasBitfield = decoded && p.decoded.has_bitfield;
-    LOG_DEBUG(
-        "Drop packet (%s): hop_start invalid/missing (from=0x%x id=%u hop_start=%u hop_limit=%u decoded=%d has_bitfield=%d)",
-        context ? context : "unknown", p.from, p.id, p.hop_start, p.hop_limit, decoded, hasBitfield);
-}
-
 /** Update position info for this node based on received position data
 */
 void NodeDB::updatePosition(uint32_t nodeId, const meshtastic_Position &p, RxSource src)
@@ -114,27 +114,6 @@ uint32_t sinceReceived(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p);
 /// Returns defaultIfUnknown if the number of hops couldn't be determined.
 int8_t getHopsAway(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p, int8_t defaultIfUnknown = -1);

-enum class HopStartStatus : uint8_t { VALID = 0, MISSING_OR_UNKNOWN, INVALID };
-
-/// Classify hop_start validity for forwarding decisions.
-HopStartStatus classifyHopStart(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p);
-
-inline bool shouldDropPacketForPreHop(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p)
-{
-#if !MESHTASTIC_PREHOP_DROP
-    (void)p;
-    return false;
-#else
-    if (isFromUs(&p)) {
-        return false; // local-originated packets should never be dropped by pre-hop drop policy
-    }
-    return classifyHopStart(p) != HopStartStatus::VALID;
-#endif
-}
-
-/// Rate-limited debug log when hop_start is invalid/missing and packet is dropped.
-void logHopStartDrop(const meshtastic_MeshPacket &p, const char *context);
-
 enum LoadFileResult {
    // Successfully opened the file
    LOAD_SUCCESS = 1,
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #include "PacketHistory.h"
 #include "configuration.h"
 #include "mesh-pb-constants.h"
-#include "meshUtils.h"

 #ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
 #include "platform/portduino/PortduinoGlue.h"
@@ -17,24 +16,16 @@
 #define VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY 0     // Set to 1 for verbose logging, 2 for heavy debugging
 #define PACKET_HISTORY_TRACE_AGING 1 // Set to 1 to enable logging of the age of re/used history slots

-PacketHistory::PacketHistory(uint32_t size) : recentPacketsCapacity(0) // Initialize members
+PacketHistory::PacketHistory(uint32_t size) : recentPacketsCapacity(0), recentPackets(NULL) // Initialize members
 {
    if (size < 4 || size > PACKETHISTORY_MAX) { // Copilot suggested - makes sense
        LOG_WARN("Packet History - Invalid size %d, using default %d", size, PACKETHISTORY_MAX);
        size = PACKETHISTORY_MAX; // Use default size if invalid
    }

-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKT_HISTORY_HASH
-    // Ensure capacity fits in uint16_t hash index (HASH_EMPTY = 0xFFFF is the sentinel)
-    if (size >= HASH_EMPTY) {
-        LOG_WARN("Packet History - Clamping size %d to %d (hash index limit)", size, HASH_EMPTY - 1);
-        size = HASH_EMPTY - 1;
-    }
-#endif
-
    // Allocate memory for the recent packets array
    recentPacketsCapacity = size;
-    recentPackets.reset(new PacketRecord[recentPacketsCapacity]);
+    recentPackets = new PacketRecord[recentPacketsCapacity];
    if (!recentPackets) { // No logging here, console/log probably uninitialized yet.
        LOG_ERROR("Packet History - Memory allocation failed for size=%d entries / %d Bytes", size,
                  sizeof(PacketRecord) * recentPacketsCapacity);
@@ -43,21 +34,14 @@ PacketHistory::PacketHistory(uint32_t size) : recentPacketsCapacity(0) // Initia
    }

    // Initialize the recent packets array to zero
-    memset(recentPackets.get(), 0, sizeof(PacketRecord) * recentPacketsCapacity);
+    memset(recentPackets, 0, sizeof(PacketRecord) * recentPacketsCapacity);
+}

-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKT_HISTORY_HASH
-    // Allocate hash index with load factor <= 0.5 for short probe chains
-    hashCapacity = nextPowerOf2(recentPacketsCapacity * 2);
-    hashMask = hashCapacity - 1;
-    hashIndex.reset(new uint16_t[hashCapacity]);
-    if (!hashIndex) {
-        LOG_ERROR("Packet History - Hash index allocation failed for %d entries", hashCapacity);
-        hashCapacity = 0;
-        hashMask = 0;
-        return;
-    }
-    memset(hashIndex.get(), 0xFF, sizeof(uint16_t) * hashCapacity); // Fill with HASH_EMPTY (0xFFFF)
-#endif
+PacketHistory::~PacketHistory()
+{
+    recentPacketsCapacity = 0;
+    delete[] recentPackets;
+    recentPackets = NULL;
 }

 /** Update recentPackets and return true if we have already seen this packet */
@@ -210,78 +194,7 @@ bool PacketHistory::wasSeenRecently(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p, bool withUpd
    return seenRecently;
 }

-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKT_HISTORY_HASH
-// Hash function for (sender, id) pairs. Uses xor-shift mixing for good distribution.
-uint32_t PacketHistory::hashSlot(NodeNum sender, PacketId id) const
-{
-    uint32_t h = sender ^ (id * 0x9E3779B9); // Fibonacci hashing constant
-    h ^= h >> 16;
-    h *= 0x45d9f3b;
-    h ^= h >> 16;
-    return h & hashMask;
-}
-
-void PacketHistory::hashInsert(NodeNum sender, PacketId id, uint16_t slotIdx)
-{
-    if (!hashIndex)
-        return;
-    uint32_t bucket = hashSlot(sender, id);
-    // Guard against infinite loop if hash table is corrupted (no HASH_EMPTY slots)
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < hashCapacity; i++) {
-        if (hashIndex[bucket] == HASH_EMPTY) {
-            hashIndex[bucket] = slotIdx;
-            return;
-        }
-        bucket = (bucket + 1) & hashMask;
-    }
-    LOG_ERROR("Packet History - hashInsert: table full or corrupted, rebuilding");
-    hashRebuild();
-}
-
-void PacketHistory::hashRemove(NodeNum sender, PacketId id)
-{
-    if (!hashIndex)
-        return;
-    uint32_t bucket = hashSlot(sender, id);
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < hashCapacity; i++) {
-        if (hashIndex[bucket] == HASH_EMPTY)
-            return;
-        uint16_t idx = hashIndex[bucket];
-        if (idx < recentPacketsCapacity && recentPackets[idx].sender == sender && recentPackets[idx].id == id) {
-            // Found it — delete and re-insert subsequent entries to maintain probe chain integrity
-            hashIndex[bucket] = HASH_EMPTY;
-            uint32_t next = (bucket + 1) & hashMask;
-            for (uint32_t j = 0; j < hashCapacity; j++) {
-                if (hashIndex[next] == HASH_EMPTY)
-                    break;
-                uint16_t displaced = hashIndex[next];
-                hashIndex[next] = HASH_EMPTY;
-                if (displaced < recentPacketsCapacity) {
-                    const auto &rec = recentPackets[displaced];
-                    hashInsert(rec.sender, rec.id, displaced);
-                }
-                next = (next + 1) & hashMask;
-            }
-            return;
-        }
-        bucket = (bucket + 1) & hashMask;
-    }
-}
-
-void PacketHistory::hashRebuild()
-{
-    if (!hashIndex)
-        return;
-    memset(hashIndex.get(), 0xFF, sizeof(uint16_t) * hashCapacity);
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < recentPacketsCapacity; i++) {
-        if (recentPackets[i].rxTimeMsec != 0)
-            hashInsert(recentPackets[i].sender, recentPackets[i].id, (uint16_t)i);
-    }
-}
-#endif
-
-/** Find a packet record in history using the hash index for O(1) average lookup.
- * Falls back to linear scan if hash index is unavailable.
+/** Find a packet record in history.
 * @return pointer to PacketRecord if found, NULL if not found */
 PacketHistory::PacketRecord *PacketHistory::find(NodeNum sender, PacketId id)
 {
@@ -292,41 +205,23 @@ PacketHistory::PacketRecord *PacketHistory::find(NodeNum sender, PacketId id)
        return NULL;
    }

-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKT_HISTORY_HASH
-    // Use hash index for O(1) lookup when available
-    if (hashIndex) {
-        uint32_t bucket = hashSlot(sender, id);
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < hashCapacity; i++) {
-            if (hashIndex[bucket] == HASH_EMPTY)
-                break;
-            uint16_t idx = hashIndex[bucket];
-            if (idx < recentPacketsCapacity && recentPackets[idx].id == id && recentPackets[idx].sender == sender) {
-#if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY
-                LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - find: s=%08x id=%08x FOUND nh=%02x rby=%02x %02x %02x age=%d slot=%d/%d",
-                          recentPackets[idx].sender, recentPackets[idx].id, recentPackets[idx].next_hop,
-                          recentPackets[idx].relayed_by[0], recentPackets[idx].relayed_by[1], recentPackets[idx].relayed_by[2],
-                          millis() - (recentPackets[idx].rxTimeMsec), idx, recentPacketsCapacity);
-#endif
-                return &recentPackets[idx];
-            }
-            bucket = (bucket + 1) & hashMask;
-        }
-#if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY
-        LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - find: s=%08x id=%08x NOT FOUND", sender, id);
-#endif
-        return NULL;
-    }
-#endif
-
-    // Linear scan (sole path when hash excluded, fallback when hash allocation failed)
-    PacketRecord *base = recentPackets.get();
-    for (PacketRecord *it = base; it < (base + recentPacketsCapacity); ++it) {
+    PacketRecord *it = NULL;
+    for (it = recentPackets; it < (recentPackets + recentPacketsCapacity); ++it) {
        if (it->id == id && it->sender == sender) {
-            return it;
+#if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY
+            LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - find: s=%08x id=%08x FOUND nh=%02x rby=%02x %02x %02x age=%d slot=%d/%d", it->sender,
+                      it->id, it->next_hop, it->relayed_by[0], it->relayed_by[1], it->relayed_by[2], millis() - (it->rxTimeMsec),
+                      it - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity);
+#endif
+            // only the first match is returned, so be careful not to create duplicate entries
+            return it; // Return pointer to the found record
        }
    }

-    return NULL;
+#if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY
+    LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - find: s=%08x id=%08x NOT FOUND", sender, id);
+#endif
+    return NULL; // Not found
 }

 /** Insert/Replace oldest PacketRecord in recentPackets. */
@@ -334,38 +229,39 @@ void PacketHistory::insert(const PacketRecord &r)
 {
    uint32_t now_millis = millis(); // Should not jump with time changes
    uint32_t OldtrxTimeMsec = 0;
-    PacketRecord *base = recentPackets.get();
    PacketRecord *tu = NULL; // Will insert here.
    PacketRecord *it = NULL;

    // Find a free, matching or oldest used slot in the recentPackets array
-    for (it = base; it < (base + recentPacketsCapacity); ++it) {
+    for (it = recentPackets; it < (recentPackets + recentPacketsCapacity); ++it) {
        if (it->id == 0 && it->sender == 0 /*&& rxTimeMsec == 0*/) { // Record is empty
            tu = it;                                                 // Remember the free slot
 #if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY >= 2
-            LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Free slot@ %d/%d", tu - base, recentPacketsCapacity);
+            LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Free slot@ %d/%d", tu - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity);
 #endif
            // We have that, Exit the loop
-            it = (base + recentPacketsCapacity);
+            it = (recentPackets + recentPacketsCapacity);
        } else if (it->id == r.id && it->sender == r.sender) { // Record matches the packet we want to insert
            tu = it;                                           // Remember the matching slot
            OldtrxTimeMsec = now_millis - it->rxTimeMsec;      // ..and save current entry's age
 #if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY >= 2
-            LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Matched slot@ %d/%d age=%d", tu - base, recentPacketsCapacity, OldtrxTimeMsec);
+            LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Matched slot@ %d/%d age=%d", tu - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity,
+                      OldtrxTimeMsec);
 #endif
            // We have that, Exit the loop
-            it = (base + recentPacketsCapacity);
+            it = (recentPackets + recentPacketsCapacity);
        } else {
            if (it->rxTimeMsec == 0) {
                LOG_WARN(
                    "Packet History - insert: Found packet s=%08x id=%08x with rxTimeMsec = 0, slot %d/%d. Should never happen!",
-                    it->sender, it->id, it - base, recentPacketsCapacity);
+                    it->sender, it->id, it - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity);
            }
            if ((now_millis - it->rxTimeMsec) > OldtrxTimeMsec) { // 49.7 days rollover friendly
                OldtrxTimeMsec = now_millis - it->rxTimeMsec;
                tu = it; // remember the oldest packet
 #if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY >= 2
-                LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Older slot@ %d/%d age=%d", tu - base, recentPacketsCapacity, OldtrxTimeMsec);
+                LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Older slot@ %d/%d age=%d", tu - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity,
+                          OldtrxTimeMsec);
 #endif
            }
            // keep looking for oldest till entire array is checked
@@ -380,11 +276,13 @@ void PacketHistory::insert(const PacketRecord &r)

 #if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY
    if (tu->id == 0 && tu->sender == 0) {
-        LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: slot@ %d/%d is NEW", tu - base, recentPacketsCapacity);
+        LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: slot@ %d/%d is NEW", tu - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity);
    } else if (tu->id == r.id && tu->sender == r.sender) {
-        LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: slot@ %d/%d MATCHED, age=%d", tu - base, recentPacketsCapacity, OldtrxTimeMsec);
+        LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: slot@ %d/%d MATCHED, age=%d", tu - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity,
+                  OldtrxTimeMsec);
    } else {
-        LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: slot@ %d/%d REUSE OLDEST, age=%d", tu - base, recentPacketsCapacity, OldtrxTimeMsec);
+        LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: slot@ %d/%d REUSE OLDEST, age=%d", tu - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity,
+                  OldtrxTimeMsec);
    }
 #endif

@@ -417,9 +315,9 @@ void PacketHistory::insert(const PacketRecord &r)
 #endif

 #if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY
-    LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Store slot@ %d/%d s=%08x id=%08x nh=%02x rby=%02x %02x %02x rxT=%d BEFORE", tu - base,
-              recentPacketsCapacity, tu->sender, tu->id, tu->next_hop, tu->relayed_by[0], tu->relayed_by[1], tu->relayed_by[2],
-              tu->rxTimeMsec);
+    LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Store slot@ %d/%d s=%08x id=%08x nh=%02x rby=%02x %02x %02x rxT=%d BEFORE",
+              tu - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity, tu->sender, tu->id, tu->next_hop, tu->relayed_by[0], tu->relayed_by[1],
+              tu->relayed_by[2], tu->rxTimeMsec);
 #endif

    if (r.rxTimeMsec == 0) {
@@ -429,26 +327,12 @@ void PacketHistory::insert(const PacketRecord &r)
        return; // Return early if we can't update the history
    }

-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKT_HISTORY_HASH
-    // Maintain hash index: remove old entry if evicting a different packet, then insert new entry
-    bool isMatchingSlot = (tu->id == r.id && tu->sender == r.sender);
-    if (!isMatchingSlot && tu->rxTimeMsec != 0) {
-        hashRemove(tu->sender, tu->id);
-    }
-
    *tu = r; // store the packet

-    if (!isMatchingSlot) {
-        hashInsert(r.sender, r.id, (uint16_t)(tu - base));
-    }
-#else
-    *tu = r; // store the packet
-#endif
-
 #if VERBOSE_PACKET_HISTORY
-    LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Store slot@ %d/%d s=%08x id=%08x nh=%02x rby=%02x %02x %02x rxT=%d AFTER", tu - base,
-              recentPacketsCapacity, tu->sender, tu->id, tu->next_hop, tu->relayed_by[0], tu->relayed_by[1], tu->relayed_by[2],
-              tu->rxTimeMsec);
+    LOG_DEBUG("Packet History - insert: Store slot@ %d/%d s=%08x id=%08x nh=%02x rby=%02x %02x %02x rxT=%d AFTER",
+              tu - recentPackets, recentPacketsCapacity, tu->sender, tu->id, tu->next_hop, tu->relayed_by[0], tu->relayed_by[1],
+              tu->relayed_by[2], tu->rxTimeMsec);
 #endif
 }

@@ -512,31 +396,6 @@ bool PacketHistory::wasRelayer(const uint8_t relayer, const PacketRecord &r, boo
    return found;
 }

-// Check two relayers against the same packet record with a single find() call,
-// avoiding redundant O(N) lookups when both are checked for the same (id, sender) pair.
-void PacketHistory::checkRelayers(uint8_t relayer1, uint8_t relayer2, uint32_t id, NodeNum sender, bool *r1Result, bool *r2Result,
-                                  bool *r2WasSole)
-{
-    *r1Result = false;
-    *r2Result = false;
-    if (r2WasSole)
-        *r2WasSole = false;
-
-    if (!initOk()) {
-        LOG_ERROR("PacketHistory - checkRelayers: NOT INITIALIZED!");
-        return;
-    }
-
-    const PacketRecord *found = find(sender, id);
-    if (!found)
-        return;
-
-    if (relayer1 != 0)
-        *r1Result = wasRelayer(relayer1, *found);
-    if (relayer2 != 0)
-        *r2Result = wasRelayer(relayer2, *found, r2WasSole);
-}
-
 // Remove a relayer from the list of relayers of a packet in the history given an ID and sender
 void PacketHistory::removeRelayer(const uint8_t relayer, const uint32_t id, const NodeNum sender)
 {
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 #pragma once

 #include "NodeDB.h"
-#include <memory>

 // Number of relayers we keep track of. Use 6 to be efficient with memory alignment of PacketRecord to 20 bytes
 #define NUM_RELAYERS 6
@@ -27,23 +26,7 @@ class PacketHistory

    uint32_t recentPacketsCapacity =
        0; // Can be set in constructor, no need to recompile. Used to allocate memory for mx_recentPackets.
-    std::unique_ptr<PacketRecord[]> recentPackets; // Simple and fixed in size. Debloat.
-
-#if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKT_HISTORY_HASH
-    // Open-addressing hash table for O(1) lookup in find(), replacing the O(N) linear scan.
-    // Maps (sender, id) -> index into recentPackets[]. Uses linear probing with a load factor <= 0.5.
-    // The load factor invariant holds permanently: hashCapacity = 2 * nextPowerOf2(recentPacketsCapacity),
-    // and at most recentPacketsCapacity entries can ever be live (one per recentPackets[] slot).
-    static constexpr uint16_t HASH_EMPTY = 0xFFFF;
-    std::unique_ptr<uint16_t[]> hashIndex;
-    uint32_t hashCapacity = 0; // Always a power of 2
-    uint32_t hashMask = 0;     // hashCapacity - 1, for fast modular indexing
-
-    uint32_t hashSlot(NodeNum sender, PacketId id) const;
-    void hashInsert(NodeNum sender, PacketId id, uint16_t slotIdx);
-    void hashRemove(NodeNum sender, PacketId id);
-    void hashRebuild();
-#endif
+    PacketRecord *recentPackets = NULL; // Simple and fixed in size. Debloat.

    /** Find a packet record in history.
     * @param sender NodeNum
@@ -65,8 +48,11 @@ class PacketHistory
    uint8_t getOurTxHopLimit(const PacketRecord &r);
    void setOurTxHopLimit(PacketRecord &r, uint8_t hopLimit);

+    PacketHistory(const PacketHistory &);            // non construction-copyable
+    PacketHistory &operator=(const PacketHistory &); // non copyable
  public:
    explicit PacketHistory(uint32_t size = -1); // Constructor with size parameter, default is PACKETHISTORY_MAX
+    ~PacketHistory();

    /**
     * Update recentBroadcasts and return true if we have already seen this packet
@@ -84,19 +70,9 @@ class PacketHistory
     * @return true if node was indeed a relayer, false if not */
    bool wasRelayer(const uint8_t relayer, const uint32_t id, const NodeNum sender, bool *wasSole = nullptr);

-    /**
-     * Check two relayers against the same packet record with a single lookup.
-     * Avoids redundant find() calls when checking multiple relayers for the same (id, sender) pair.
-     * @param r1Result set to true if relayer1 was a relayer
-     * @param r2Result set to true if relayer2 was a relayer
-     * @param r2WasSole if not nullptr, set to true if relayer2 was the sole relayer
-     */
-    void checkRelayers(uint8_t relayer1, uint8_t relayer2, uint32_t id, NodeNum sender, bool *r1Result, bool *r2Result,
-                       bool *r2WasSole = nullptr);
-
    // Remove a relayer from the list of relayers of a packet in the history given an ID and sender
    void removeRelayer(const uint8_t relayer, const uint32_t id, const NodeNum sender);

    // To check if the PacketHistory was initialized correctly by constructor
-    bool initOk(void) { return recentPackets != nullptr && recentPacketsCapacity != 0; }
+    bool initOk(void) { return recentPackets != NULL && recentPacketsCapacity != 0; }
 };
@@ -465,18 +465,8 @@ size_t PhoneAPI::getFromRadio(uint8_t *buf)
            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_paxcounter_tag;
            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.payload_variant.paxcounter = moduleConfig.paxcounter;
            break;
-        case meshtastic_ModuleConfig_traffic_management_tag:
-            LOG_DEBUG("Send module config: traffic management");
-            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_traffic_management_tag;
-            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.payload_variant.traffic_management = moduleConfig.traffic_management;
-            break;
-        case meshtastic_ModuleConfig_tak_tag:
-            LOG_DEBUG("Send module config: tak");
-            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.which_payload_variant = meshtastic_ModuleConfig_tak_tag;
-            fromRadioScratch.moduleConfig.payload_variant.tak = moduleConfig.tak;
-            break;
        default:
-            LOG_DEBUG("Unhandled module config type %d", config_state);
+            LOG_ERROR("Unknown module config type %d", config_state);
        }

        config_state++;
@@ -240,7 +240,8 @@ bool RF95Interface::reconfigure()
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);

-    limitPower(RF95_MAX_POWER);
+    if (power > RF95_MAX_POWER) // This chip has lower power limits than some
+        power = RF95_MAX_POWER;

 #ifdef USE_RF95_RFO
    err = lora->setOutputPower(power, true);
@@ -252,7 +253,7 @@ bool RF95Interface::reconfigure()

    startReceive(); // restart receiving

-    return true;
+    return RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE;
 }

 /**
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 #include "LR1110Interface.h"
 #include "LR1120Interface.h"
 #include "LR1121Interface.h"
-#include "LR2021Interface.h"
 #include "MeshRadio.h"
 #include "MeshService.h"
 #include "NodeDB.h"
@@ -22,7 +21,6 @@
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <pb_decode.h>
 #include <pb_encode.h>
-#include <string.h>

 #ifdef ARCH_PORTDUINO
 #include "platform/portduino/PortduinoGlue.h"
@@ -34,32 +32,10 @@
 #include "STM32WLE5JCInterface.h"
 #endif

-static const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset PRESETS_STD[] = {
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST,     meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_SLOW,
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_SLOW,   meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_FAST,
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_SLOW,    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_FAST,
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_MODERATE, meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_TURBO,
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_TURBO,    MODEM_PRESET_END};
-
-static const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset PRESETS_EU_868[] = {
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST,     meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_SLOW,
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_SLOW,   meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_MEDIUM_FAST,
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_SLOW,    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_SHORT_FAST,
-    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_MODERATE, MODEM_PRESET_END};
-
-static const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset PRESETS_UNDEF[] = {meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST,
-                                                                         MODEM_PRESET_END};
-
-// Region profiles: bundle preset list + regulatory parameters shared across regions
-// presets, spacing, padding, audio, licensed, text throttle, position throttle, telemetry throttle, override slot
-const RegionProfile PROFILE_STD = {PRESETS_STD, 0, 0, true, false, 0, 0, 0, 0};
-const RegionProfile PROFILE_EU868 = {PRESETS_EU_868, 0, 0, false, false, 0, 0, 0, 0};
-const RegionProfile PROFILE_UNDEF = {PRESETS_UNDEF, 0, 0, true, false, 0, 0, 0, 0};
-
-#define RDEF(name, freq_start, freq_end, duty_cycle, power_limit, frequency_switching, wide_lora, profile_ptr)                   \
+#define RDEF(name, freq_start, freq_end, duty_cycle, spacing, power_limit, audio_permitted, frequency_switching, wide_lora)      \
    {                                                                                                                            \
-        meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_##name, freq_start, freq_end, duty_cycle, power_limit, frequency_switching,      \
-            wide_lora, &profile_ptr, #name                                                                                       \
+        meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_##name, freq_start, freq_end, duty_cycle, spacing, power_limit, audio_permitted, \
+            frequency_switching, wide_lora, #name                                                                                \
    }

 const RegionInfo regions[] = {
@@ -67,7 +43,7 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bbm%3A978-1-4842-4357-2%2F1.pdf
        https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/regional-parameters/
    */
-    RDEF(US, 902.0f, 928.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(US, 902.0f, 928.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),

    /*
        EN300220 ETSI V3.2.1 [Table B.1, Item H, p. 21]
@@ -75,7 +51,8 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_en/300200_300299/30022002/03.02.01_60/en_30022002v030201p.pdf
        FIXME: https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/3371
     */
-    RDEF(EU_433, 433.0f, 434.0f, 10, 10, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(EU_433, 433.0f, 434.0f, 10, 0, 10, true, false, false),
+
    /*
       https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/duty-cycle/
       https://www.thethingsnetwork.org/docs/lorawan/regional-parameters/
@@ -90,33 +67,33 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
       AFA) to avoid a duty cycle. (Please refer to line P page 22 of this document.)
       https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_en/300200_300299/30022002/03.01.01_60/en_30022002v030101p.pdf
     */
-    RDEF(EU_868, 869.4f, 869.65f, 10, 27, false, false, PROFILE_EU868),
+    RDEF(EU_868, 869.4f, 869.65f, 10, 0, 27, false, false, false),

    /*
        https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/lorawan_regional_parameters_v1.0.3reva_0.pdf
     */
-    RDEF(CN, 470.0f, 510.0f, 100, 19, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(CN, 470.0f, 510.0f, 100, 0, 19, true, false, false),

    /*
        https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/lorawan_regional_parameters_v1.0.3reva_0.pdf
        https://www.arib.or.jp/english/html/overview/doc/5-STD-T108v1_5-E1.pdf
        https://qiita.com/ammo0613/items/d952154f1195b64dc29f
     */
-    RDEF(JP, 920.5f, 923.5f, 100, 13, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(JP, 920.5f, 923.5f, 100, 0, 13, true, false, false),

    /*
        https://www.iot.org.au/wp/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IoTSpectrumFactSheet.pdf
        https://iotalliance.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2019/05/IoT-Spectrum-in-NZ-Briefing-Paper.pdf
        Also used in Brazil.
     */
-    RDEF(ANZ, 915.0f, 928.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(ANZ, 915.0f, 928.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),

    /*
        433.05 - 434.79 MHz, 25mW EIRP max, No duty cycle restrictions
        AU Low Interference Potential https://www.acma.gov.au/licences/low-interference-potential-devices-lipd-class-licence
        NZ General User Radio Licence for Short Range Devices https://gazette.govt.nz/notice/id/2022-go3100
     */
-    RDEF(ANZ_433, 433.05f, 434.79f, 100, 14, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(ANZ_433, 433.05f, 434.79f, 100, 0, 14, true, false, false),

    /*
        https://digital.gov.ru/uploaded/files/prilozhenie-12-k-reshenyu-gkrch-18-46-03-1.pdf
@@ -124,13 +101,13 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        Note:
            - We do LBT, so 100% is allowed.
     */
-    RDEF(RU, 868.7f, 869.2f, 100, 20, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(RU, 868.7f, 869.2f, 100, 0, 20, true, false, false),

    /*
        https://www.law.go.kr/LSW/admRulLsInfoP.do?admRulId=53943&efYd=0
        https://resources.lora-alliance.org/technical-specifications/rp002-1-0-4-regional-parameters
     */
-    RDEF(KR, 920.0f, 923.0f, 100, 23, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(KR, 920.0f, 923.0f, 100, 0, 23, true, false, false),

    /*
        Taiwan, 920-925Mhz, limited to 0.5W indoor or coastal, 1.0W outdoor.
@@ -138,40 +115,44 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        https://www.ncc.gov.tw/english/files/23070/102_5190_230703_1_doc_C.PDF
        https://gazette.nat.gov.tw/egFront/e_detail.do?metaid=147283
     */
-    RDEF(TW, 920.0f, 925.0f, 100, 27, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(TW, 920.0f, 925.0f, 100, 0, 27, true, false, false),

    /*
        https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/lorawan_regional_parameters_v1.0.3reva_0.pdf
     */
-    RDEF(IN, 865.0f, 867.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(IN, 865.0f, 867.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),

    /*
         https://rrf.rsm.govt.nz/smart-web/smart/page/-smart/domain/licence/LicenceSummary.wdk?id=219752
         https://iotalliance.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2019/05/IoT-Spectrum-in-NZ-Briefing-Paper.pdf
      */
-    RDEF(NZ_865, 864.0f, 868.0f, 100, 36, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(NZ_865, 864.0f, 868.0f, 100, 0, 36, true, false, false),

    /*
       https://lora-alliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/lorawan_regional_parameters_v1.0.3reva_0.pdf
       https://standard.nbtc.go.th/getattachment/Standards/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1/1033-2565.pdf.aspx?lang=th-TH
       Thailand 920–925 MHz set max TX power to 27 dBm and enforce 10% duty cycle, aligned with NBTC regulations.
    */
-    RDEF(TH, 920.0f, 925.0f, 10, 27, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(TH, 920.0f, 925.0f, 10, 0, 27, true, false, false),

    /*
        433,05-434,7 Mhz 10 mW
+        https://nkrzi.gov.ua/images/upload/256/5810/PDF_UUZ_19_01_2016.pdf
+    */
+    RDEF(UA_433, 433.0f, 434.7f, 10, 0, 10, true, false, false),
+
+    /*
        868,0-868,6 Mhz 25 mW
        https://nkrzi.gov.ua/images/upload/256/5810/PDF_UUZ_19_01_2016.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(UA_433, 433.0f, 434.7f, 10, 10, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
-    RDEF(UA_868, 868.0f, 868.6f, 1, 14, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(UA_868, 868.0f, 868.6f, 1, 0, 14, true, false, false),

    /*
        Malaysia
        433 - 435 MHz at 100mW, no restrictions.
        https://www.mcmc.gov.my/skmmgovmy/media/General/pdf/Short-Range-Devices-Specification.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(MY_433, 433.0f, 435.0f, 100, 20, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(MY_433, 433.0f, 435.0f, 100, 0, 20, true, false, false),

    /*
        Malaysia
@@ -180,14 +161,14 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
        Frequency hopping is used for 919 - 923 MHz.
        https://www.mcmc.gov.my/skmmgovmy/media/General/pdf/Short-Range-Devices-Specification.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(MY_919, 919.0f, 924.0f, 100, 27, true, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(MY_919, 919.0f, 924.0f, 100, 0, 27, true, true, false),

    /*
        Singapore
        SG_923 Band 30d: 917 - 925 MHz at 100mW, no restrictions.
        https://www.imda.gov.sg/-/media/imda/files/regulation-licensing-and-consultations/ict-standards/telecommunication-standards/radio-comms/imdatssrd.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(SG_923, 917.0f, 925.0f, 100, 20, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(SG_923, 917.0f, 925.0f, 100, 0, 20, true, false, false),

    /*
        Philippines
@@ -197,9 +178,8 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
                https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/4948#issuecomment-2394926135
    */

-    RDEF(PH_433, 433.0f, 434.7f, 100, 10, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
-    RDEF(PH_868, 868.0f, 869.4f, 100, 14, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
-    RDEF(PH_915, 915.0f, 918.0f, 100, 24, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(PH_433, 433.0f, 434.7f, 100, 0, 10, true, false, false), RDEF(PH_868, 868.0f, 869.4f, 100, 0, 14, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(PH_915, 915.0f, 918.0f, 100, 0, 24, true, false, false),

    /*
        Kazakhstan
@@ -207,38 +187,37 @@ const RegionInfo regions[] = {
                863 - 868 MHz <25 mW EIRP, 500kHz channels allowed, must not be used at airfields
                                https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/7204
    */
-    RDEF(KZ_433, 433.075f, 434.775f, 100, 10, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
-    RDEF(KZ_863, 863.0f, 868.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(KZ_433, 433.075f, 434.775f, 100, 0, 10, true, false, false),
+    RDEF(KZ_863, 863.0f, 868.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),

    /*
        Nepal
        865 MHz to 868 MHz frequency band for IoT (Internet of Things), M2M (Machine-to-Machine), and smart metering use,
       specifically in non-cellular mode. https://www.nta.gov.np/uploads/contents/Radio-Frequency-Policy-2080-English.pdf
    */
-    RDEF(NP_865, 865.0f, 868.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(NP_865, 865.0f, 868.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),

    /*
        Brazil
        902 - 907.5 MHz , 1W power limit, no duty cycle restrictions
        https://github.com/meshtastic/firmware/issues/3741
    */
-    RDEF(BR_902, 902.0f, 907.5f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(BR_902, 902.0f, 907.5f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false),

    /*
       2.4 GHZ WLAN Band equivalent. Only for SX128x chips.
    */
-    RDEF(LORA_24, 2400.0f, 2483.5f, 100, 10, false, true, PROFILE_STD),
+    RDEF(LORA_24, 2400.0f, 2483.5f, 100, 0, 10, true, false, true),

    /*
        This needs to be last. Same as US.
    */
-    RDEF(UNSET, 902.0f, 928.0f, 100, 30, false, false, PROFILE_UNDEF)
+    RDEF(UNSET, 902.0f, 928.0f, 100, 0, 30, true, false, false)

 };

 const RegionInfo *myRegion;
 bool RadioInterface::uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
-bool RadioInterface::uses_custom_channel_name = false;

 static uint8_t bytes[MAX_LORA_PAYLOAD_LEN + 1];

@@ -479,20 +458,6 @@ std::unique_ptr<RadioInterface> initLoRa()
    }
 #endif

-#if defined(USE_LR2021) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_LR2021 != 1
-    if (!rIf) {
-        rIf = std::unique_ptr<LR2021Interface>(
-            new LR2021Interface(loraHal, LR2021_SPI_NSS_PIN, LR2021_IRQ_PIN, LR2021_NRESET_PIN, LR2021_BUSY_PIN));
-        if (!rIf->init()) {
-            LOG_WARN("No LR2021 radio");
-            rIf = nullptr;
-        } else {
-            LOG_INFO("LR2021 init success");
-            radioType = LR2021_RADIO;
-        }
-    }
-#endif
-
 #if defined(USE_SX1280) && RADIOLIB_EXCLUDE_SX128X != 1
    if (!rIf) {
        rIf = std::unique_ptr<SX1280Interface>(new SX1280Interface(loraHal, SX128X_CS, SX128X_DIO1, SX128X_RESET, SX128X_BUSY));
@@ -538,14 +503,45 @@ void initRegion()
    myRegion = r;
 }

-const RegionInfo *getRegion(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode code)
+void RadioInterface::bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
 {
+    if (!loraConfig.use_preset) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Find region info to determine whether "wide" LoRa is permitted (2.4 GHz uses wider bandwidth codes).
    const RegionInfo *r = regions;
-    for (; r->code != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET && r->code != code; r++)
+    for (; r->code != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET && r->code != loraConfig.region; r++)
        ;
-    return r;
+
+    const bool regionWideLora = r->wideLora;
+
+    float bwKHz = 0;
+    uint8_t sf = 0;
+    uint8_t cr = 0;
+    modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, regionWideLora, bwKHz, sf, cr);
+
+    // If selected preset requests a bandwidth larger than the region span, fall back to LONG_FAST.
+    if (r->code != meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_RegionCode_UNSET && (r->freqEnd - r->freqStart) < (bwKHz / 1000.0f)) {
+        loraConfig.modem_preset = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST;
+        modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, regionWideLora, bwKHz, sf, cr);
+    }
+
+    loraConfig.bandwidth = bwKHzToCode(bwKHz);
+    loraConfig.spread_factor = sf;
 }

+/**
+ * ## LoRaWAN for North America
+
+LoRaWAN defines 64, 125 kHz channels from 902.3 to 914.9 MHz increments.
+
+The maximum output power for North America is +30 dBM.
+
+The band is from 902 to 928 MHz. It mentions channel number and its respective channel frequency. All the 13 channels are
+separated by 2.16 MHz with respect to the adjacent channels. Channel zero starts at 903.08 MHz center frequency.
+*/
+
 uint32_t RadioInterface::getPacketTime(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p, bool received)
 {
    uint32_t pl = 0;
@@ -755,7 +751,7 @@ void RadioInterface::saveFreq(float freq)
 }

 /**
- * Save our frequency slot (aka channel) for later reuse.
+ * Save our channel for later reuse.
 */
 void RadioInterface::saveChannelNum(uint32_t channel_num)
 {
@@ -778,304 +774,113 @@ uint32_t RadioInterface::getChannelNum()
    return savedChannelNum;
 }

-/**
- * Send an error-level client notification. Safe to call when service is null (e.g. in tests).
- */
-static void sendErrorNotification(const char *msg)
-{
-    if (!service)
-        return;
-    meshtastic_ClientNotification *cn = clientNotificationPool.allocZeroed();
-    if (!cn)
-        return;
-    cn->level = meshtastic_LogRecord_Level_ERROR;
-    snprintf(cn->message, sizeof(cn->message), "%s", msg);
-    service->sendClientNotification(cn);
-}
-
-/**
- * Checks if a region is valid for the current settings.
- * Returns false if not compatible.
- */
-bool RadioInterface::validateConfigRegion(const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
-{
-    const RegionInfo *newRegion = getRegion(loraConfig.region);
-
-    // If you are not licensed, you can't use ham regions.
-    if (newRegion->profile->licensedOnly && !devicestate.owner.is_licensed) {
-        char err_string[160];
-        snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Region %s requires licensed mode", newRegion->name);
-        LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
-        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-        sendErrorNotification(err_string);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-/**
- * Internal helper: validate or clamp a LoRa config against its region.
- * When clamp==false, returns false on first error (pure validation).
- * When clamp==true, fixes invalid settings in-place and returns true.
- */
-bool RadioInterface::checkOrClampConfigLora(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig, bool clamp)
-{
-    char err_string[160];
-    float check_bw;
-
-    const RegionInfo *newRegion = getRegion(loraConfig.region);
-
-    const char *presetName = DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(loraConfig.modem_preset, false, loraConfig.use_preset);
-
-    // Check preset validity (only when use_preset is true)
-    if (loraConfig.use_preset) {
-        check_bw = modemPresetToBwKHz(loraConfig.modem_preset, newRegion->wideLora);
-
-        bool preset_valid = false;
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < newRegion->getNumPresets(); i++) {
-            if (loraConfig.modem_preset == newRegion->getAvailablePresets()[i]) {
-                preset_valid = true;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        if (!preset_valid) {
-            const char *defaultName = DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(newRegion->getDefaultPreset(), false, true);
-            if (clamp) {
-                snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Preset %s invalid for %s, using %s", presetName, newRegion->name,
-                         defaultName);
-            } else {
-                snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Preset %s invalid for %s", presetName, newRegion->name);
-            }
-            LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
-            RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-            sendErrorNotification(err_string);
-
-            if (clamp) {
-                loraConfig.modem_preset = newRegion->getDefaultPreset();
-                check_bw = modemPresetToBwKHz(loraConfig.modem_preset, newRegion->wideLora);
-            } else {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-    } else {
-        check_bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
-    }
-
-    // Calculate width of slots (aka channels) based on bandwidth and any spacing or padding required by the region:
-    // spacing = gap between slots (0 for continuous spectrum) and at the beginning of the band
-    // padding = gap at the beginning and end of the slots (0 for no padding)
-    float freqSlotWidth = newRegion->profile->spacing + (newRegion->profile->padding * 2) + (check_bw / 1000); // in MHz
-    uint32_t numFreqSlots = round((newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart + newRegion->profile->spacing) / freqSlotWidth);
-
-    // Check if the region supports the requested bandwidth
-    if ((newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart) < freqSlotWidth) {
-        const float regionSpanKHz = (newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart) * 1000.0f;
-        snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "%s span %.0fkHz < requested %.0fkHz", newRegion->name, regionSpanKHz, check_bw);
-        LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
-        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-        sendErrorNotification(err_string);
-
-        if (clamp) {
-            loraConfig.bandwidth = bwKHzToCode(modemPresetToBwKHz(newRegion->getDefaultPreset(), newRegion->wideLora));
-            check_bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
-
-            // Recompute slot width and number of slots based on the new bandwidth
-            freqSlotWidth = newRegion->profile->spacing + (newRegion->profile->padding * 2) + (check_bw / 1000); // in MHz
-            numFreqSlots = round((newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart + newRegion->profile->spacing) / freqSlotWidth);
-        } else {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    const char *channelName = channels.getName(channels.getPrimaryIndex());
-    const char *presetNameDisplay =
-        DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(loraConfig.modem_preset, false, loraConfig.use_preset);
-    uint32_t channelNameHashSlot = hash(channelName) % numFreqSlots;
-    uint32_t presetNameHashSlot = hash(presetNameDisplay) % numFreqSlots;
-
-    if (loraConfig.override_frequency == 0) {
-
-        // Check if we use the default frequency slot
-        uses_default_frequency_slot =
-            (loraConfig.channel_num == 0) || // user choice unset, no frequency override, so use default
-            (newRegion->profile->overrideSlot != 0 &&
-             loraConfig.channel_num == newRegion->profile->overrideSlot) || // user setting matches override
-            ((newRegion->profile->overrideSlot == 0) &&
-             ((uint32_t)(loraConfig.channel_num - 1) == presetNameHashSlot)); // user setting matches preset hash, no override
-
-        // check if user setting different to preset name
-        uses_custom_channel_name = (strcmp(channelName, presetNameDisplay) != 0);
-
-        if (loraConfig.channel_num > numFreqSlots) {
-            snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Channel number %u invalid for %s, max is %u", loraConfig.channel_num,
-                     newRegion->name, numFreqSlots);
-            LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
-            RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
-            sendErrorNotification(err_string);
-
-            if (clamp) {
-                if (uses_custom_channel_name) { // clamp to channel name hash
-                    loraConfig.channel_num =
-                        channelNameHashSlot + 1; // channel_num is 1-based, but hash slot is 0-based, so add 1
-                } else if ((loraConfig.use_preset) && (newRegion->profile->overrideSlot != 0)) { // clamp to preset override slot
-                    loraConfig.channel_num =
-                        newRegion->profile->overrideSlot; // use the override slot specified by the region profile
-                    uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
-                } else if (loraConfig.use_preset) {                  // clamp to preset slot
-                    loraConfig.channel_num = presetNameHashSlot + 1; // channel_num is 1-based, but hash slot is 0-based, so add 1
-                    uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
-                } else { // if not using preset, and no custom channel name, just clamp to default anyway
-                    uses_default_frequency_slot = true;
-                };
-            } else {
-                return false;
-            }
-        } // end of channel number check
-    } else {
-        // if we have a frequency override, we ignore the channel number and just use the override frequency
-        snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "Frequency override in place, using %.3f", loraConfig.override_frequency);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool RadioInterface::validateConfigLora(const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
-{
-    auto copy = loraConfig;
-    return checkOrClampConfigLora(copy, false);
-}
-
-void RadioInterface::clampConfigLora(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig)
-{
-    checkOrClampConfigLora(loraConfig, true);
-}
-
 /**
 * Pull our channel settings etc... from protobufs to the dumb interface settings
- * Note: this must be given only settings which have been validated or clamped!
 */
 void RadioInterface::applyModemConfig()
 {
    // Set up default configuration
    // No Sync Words in LORA mode
    meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig = config.lora;
-    const RegionInfo *newRegion = getRegion(loraConfig.region);
-    myRegion = newRegion;
-
-    if (loraConfig.use_preset) {
-        if (!validateConfigLora(loraConfig)) {
-            loraConfig.modem_preset = newRegion->getDefaultPreset();
-        }
-        uint8_t newcr;
-        modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, newRegion->wideLora, bw, sf, newcr);
-        // If custom CR is being used already, check if the new preset is higher
-        if (loraConfig.coding_rate >= 5 && loraConfig.coding_rate <= 8 && loraConfig.coding_rate < newcr) {
-            cr = newcr;
-            LOG_INFO("Default Coding Rate is higher than custom setting, using %u", cr);
-        }
-        // If the custom CR is higher than the preset, use it
-        else if (loraConfig.coding_rate >= 5 && loraConfig.coding_rate <= 8 && loraConfig.coding_rate > newcr) {
+    bool validConfig = false; // We need to check for a valid configuration
+    while (!validConfig) {
+        if (loraConfig.use_preset) {
+            modemPresetToParams(loraConfig.modem_preset, myRegion->wideLora, bw, sf, cr);
+            if (loraConfig.coding_rate >= 5 && loraConfig.coding_rate <= 8 && loraConfig.coding_rate != cr) {
+                cr = loraConfig.coding_rate;
+                LOG_INFO("Using custom Coding Rate %u", cr);
+            }
+        } else {
+            sf = loraConfig.spread_factor;
            cr = loraConfig.coding_rate;
-            LOG_INFO("Using custom Coding Rate %u", cr);
-        } else {
-            cr = newcr;
+            bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
        }

-    } else { // if not using preset, then just use the custom settings
-        if (validateConfigLora(loraConfig)) {
+        if ((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) < bw / 1000) {
+            const float regionSpanKHz = (myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) * 1000.0f;
+            const float requestedBwKHz = bw;
+            const bool isWideRequest = requestedBwKHz >= 499.5f; // treat as 500 kHz preset
+            const char *presetName =
+                DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(loraConfig.modem_preset, false, loraConfig.use_preset);
+
+            char err_string[160];
+            if (isWideRequest) {
+                snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "%s region too narrow for 500kHz preset (%s). Falling back to LongFast.",
+                         myRegion->name, presetName);
+            } else {
+                snprintf(err_string, sizeof(err_string), "%s region span %.0fkHz < requested %.0fkHz. Falling back to LongFast.",
+                         myRegion->name, regionSpanKHz, requestedBwKHz);
+            }
+            LOG_ERROR("%s", err_string);
+            RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);
+
+            meshtastic_ClientNotification *cn = clientNotificationPool.allocZeroed();
+            cn->level = meshtastic_LogRecord_Level_ERROR;
+            snprintf(cn->message, sizeof(cn->message), "%s", err_string);
+            service->sendClientNotification(cn);
+
+            // Set to default modem preset
+            loraConfig.use_preset = true;
+            loraConfig.modem_preset = meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig_ModemPreset_LONG_FAST;
        } else {
-            LOG_WARN("Invalid LoRa config settings, cannot apply requested modem config - falling back to %s defaults",
-                     newRegion->name);
-            clampConfigLora(loraConfig);
+            validConfig = true;
        }
-        bw = bwCodeToKHz(loraConfig.bandwidth);
-        sf = loraConfig.spread_factor;
-        cr = loraConfig.coding_rate;
    }

    power = loraConfig.tx_power;

-    if ((power == 0) || ((power > newRegion->powerLimit) && !devicestate.owner.is_licensed))
-        power = newRegion->powerLimit;
+    if ((power == 0) || ((power > myRegion->powerLimit) && !devicestate.owner.is_licensed))
+        power = myRegion->powerLimit;

    if (power == 0)
-        power = 17; // Default to this power level if we don't have a valid regional power limit (powerLimit of newRegion defaults
+        power = 17; // Default to this power level if we don't have a valid regional power limit (powerLimit of myRegion defaults
                    // to 0, currently no region has an actual power limit of 0 [dBm] so we can assume regions which have this
                    // variable set to 0 don't have a valid power limit)

    // Set final tx_power back onto config
    loraConfig.tx_power = (int8_t)power; // cppcheck-suppress assignmentAddressToInteger

-    uint32_t channel_num;
-    float freq;
+    // Calculate the number of channels
+    uint32_t numChannels = floor((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) / (myRegion->spacing + (bw / 1000)));

-    // Calculate number of frequency slots (aka Channels):
-    // spacing = gap between channels (0 for continuous spectrum) and at the beginning of the band
-    // padding = gap at the beginning and end of the channel (0 for no padding)
-    float freqSlotWidth = newRegion->profile->spacing + (newRegion->profile->padding * 2) + (bw / 1000); // in MHz
-    uint32_t numFreqSlots = round((newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart + newRegion->profile->spacing) / freqSlotWidth);
+    // If user has manually specified a channel num, then use that, otherwise generate one by hashing the name
+    const char *channelName = channels.getName(channels.getPrimaryIndex());
+    // channel_num is actually (channel_num - 1), since modulus (%) returns values from 0 to (numChannels - 1)
+    uint32_t channel_num = (loraConfig.channel_num ? loraConfig.channel_num - 1 : hash(channelName)) % numChannels;

-    // Calculate hash of channel name and preset name to pick a default frequency slot if user has not specified one.
-    // Note that channel_num is actually (channel_num - 1), i.e. zero-based, since modulus (%) returns values from 0 to
-    // (numFreqSlots - 1).
-    uint32_t presetNameHashSlot =
-        hash(DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(loraConfig.modem_preset, false, loraConfig.use_preset)) % numFreqSlots;
+    // Check if we use the default frequency slot
+    RadioInterface::uses_default_frequency_slot =
+        channel_num ==
+        hash(DisplayFormatters::getModemPresetDisplayName(config.lora.modem_preset, false, config.lora.use_preset)) % numChannels;
+
+    // Old frequency selection formula
+    // float freq = myRegion->freqStart + ((((myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart) / numChannels) / 2) * channel_num);
+
+    // New frequency selection formula
+    float freq = myRegion->freqStart + (bw / 2000) + (channel_num * (bw / 1000));

    // override if we have a verbatim frequency
    if (loraConfig.override_frequency) {
        freq = loraConfig.override_frequency;
        channel_num = -1;
-        uses_default_frequency_slot = false;
-    } else {
-
-        // If user has not manually specified a frequency slot, or has not specified one that is different than the default or the
-        // override for the new region, then use the default or override. If the user has not specified one, but has specified a
-        // custom channel name, then use the hash of that channel name to pick a frequency slot. Note that channel_num is actually
-        // (channel_num - 1), i.e. zero-based, since modulus (%) returns values from 0 to (numFreqSlots - 1).
-        // NB: channel_num is also know as frequency slot but it's too late to fix now.
-        if (uses_default_frequency_slot) {
-            // if there's an override slot, use that
-            if (newRegion->profile->overrideSlot != 0) {
-                channel_num = newRegion->profile->overrideSlot - 1;
-            } else {
-                channel_num = presetNameHashSlot;
-            }
-        } else { // use the manually defined one
-            channel_num = loraConfig.channel_num - 1;
-        }
-
-        // Calculate frequency: freqStart is band edge, add half bandwidth (plus optional padding) to get middle of first channel
-        // subsequent channels are spaced by freqSlotWidth
-        freq = newRegion->freqStart + (bw / 2000) + newRegion->profile->padding + (channel_num * freqSlotWidth); // in MHz
    }

    saveChannelNum(channel_num);
    saveFreq(freq + loraConfig.frequency_offset);
-    const char *channelName = channels.getName(channels.getPrimaryIndex());
-
-    if (newRegion->wideLora) {                          // clamp if wide freq range
-        preambleLength = wideLoraPreambleLengthDefault; // 12 is the default for operation above 2GHz
-    } else {
-        preambleLength =
-            preambleLengthDefault; // 8 is default, but we use longer to increase the amount of sleep time when receiving
-    }

    slotTimeMsec = computeSlotTimeMsec();
    preambleTimeMsec = preambleLength * (pow_of_2(sf) / bw);

    LOG_INFO("Radio freq=%.3f, config.lora.frequency_offset=%.3f", freq, loraConfig.frequency_offset);
-    LOG_INFO("Set radio: region=%s, name=%s, config=%u, ch=%d, power=%d", newRegion->name, channelName, loraConfig.modem_preset,
+    LOG_INFO("Set radio: region=%s, name=%s, config=%u, ch=%d, power=%d", myRegion->name, channelName, loraConfig.modem_preset,
             channel_num, power);
-    LOG_INFO("newRegion->freqStart -> newRegion->freqEnd: %f -> %f (%f MHz)", newRegion->freqStart, newRegion->freqEnd,
-             newRegion->freqEnd - newRegion->freqStart);
-    LOG_INFO("numFreqSlots: %d x %.3fkHz", numFreqSlots, bw);
-    if (newRegion->profile->overrideSlot != 0) {
-        LOG_INFO("Using region override slot: %d", newRegion->profile->overrideSlot);
-    }
+    LOG_INFO("myRegion->freqStart -> myRegion->freqEnd: %f -> %f (%f MHz)", myRegion->freqStart, myRegion->freqEnd,
+             myRegion->freqEnd - myRegion->freqStart);
+    LOG_INFO("numChannels: %d x %.3fkHz", numChannels, bw);
    LOG_INFO("channel_num: %d", channel_num + 1);
    LOG_INFO("frequency: %f", getFreq());
    LOG_INFO("Slot time: %u msec, preamble time: %u msec", slotTimeMsec, preambleTimeMsec);
-} // end of applyModemConfig
+}

 /** Slottime is the time to detect a transmission has started, consisting of:
  - CAD duration;
@@ -1189,4 +994,4 @@ size_t RadioInterface::beginSending(meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)

    sendingPacket = p;
    return p->encrypted.size + sizeof(PacketHeader);
-}
+}
@@ -92,20 +92,15 @@ class RadioInterface
    uint8_t sf = 9;
    uint8_t cr = 5;

-    static constexpr uint8_t NUM_SYM_CAD =
-        2; // Number of symbols used for CAD, 2 is the default since RadioLib 6.3.0 as per AN1200.48
-    static constexpr uint8_t NUM_SYM_CAD_24GHZ =
-        4; // Number of symbols used for CAD in 2.4 GHz, 4 is recommended in AN1200.22 of SX1280
+    const uint8_t NUM_SYM_CAD = 2;       // Number of symbols used for CAD, 2 is the default since RadioLib 6.3.0 as per AN1200.48
+    const uint8_t NUM_SYM_CAD_24GHZ = 4; // Number of symbols used for CAD in 2.4 GHz, 4 is recommended in AN1200.22 of SX1280
    uint32_t slotTimeMsec = computeSlotTimeMsec();
-    uint16_t preambleLength = 16; // 8 is default, but we use longer to increase the amount of sleep time when receiving
-    static constexpr uint16_t preambleLengthDefault =
-        16; // 8 is default, but we use longer to increase the amount of sleep time when receiving
-    static constexpr uint16_t wideLoraPreambleLengthDefault = 12; // 12 is default for wide Lora
-    uint32_t preambleTimeMsec = 165;                              // calculated on startup, this is the default for LongFast
-    static constexpr uint32_t PROCESSING_TIME_MSEC =
-        4500;                           // time to construct, process and construct a packet again (empirically determined)
-    static constexpr uint8_t CWmin = 3; // minimum CWsize
-    static constexpr uint8_t CWmax = 8; // maximum CWsize
+    uint16_t preambleLength = 16;    // 8 is default, but we use longer to increase the amount of sleep time when receiving
+    uint32_t preambleTimeMsec = 165; // calculated on startup, this is the default for LongFast
+    const uint32_t PROCESSING_TIME_MSEC =
+        4500;                // time to construct, process and construct a packet again (empirically determined)
+    const uint8_t CWmin = 3; // minimum CWsize
+    const uint8_t CWmax = 8; // maximum CWsize

    meshtastic_MeshPacket *sendingPacket = NULL; // The packet we are currently sending
    uint32_t lastTxStart = 0L;
@@ -132,7 +127,7 @@ class RadioInterface
     * Coerce LoRa config fields (bandwidth/spread_factor) derived from presets.
     * This is used during early bootstrapping so UIs that display these fields directly remain consistent.
     */
-    // static void bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig); // maybe superseded?
+    static void bootstrapLoRaConfigFromPreset(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);

    /**
     * Return true if we think the board can go to sleep (i.e. our tx queue is empty, we are not sending or receiving)
@@ -239,20 +234,6 @@ class RadioInterface
    // Whether we use the default frequency slot given our LoRa config (region and modem preset)
    static bool uses_default_frequency_slot;

-    // Whether we have a custom channel name
-    static bool uses_custom_channel_name;
-
-    static bool checkOrClampConfigLora(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig, bool clamp);
-
-    // Check if a candidate region is compatible and valid.
-    static bool validateConfigRegion(const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);
-
-    // Check if a candidate radio configuration is valid.
-    static bool validateConfigLora(const meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);
-
-    // Make a candidate radio configuration valid, even if it isn't.
-    static void clampConfigLora(meshtastic_Config_LoRaConfig &loraConfig);
-
  protected:
    int8_t power = 17; // Set by applyModemConfig()

@@ -46,16 +46,6 @@ RadioLibInterface::RadioLibInterface(LockingArduinoHal *hal, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE c
 #endif
 }

-RadioLibInterface::~RadioLibInterface()
-{
-    // If the static `instance` pointer still references us, clear it.
-    // A later successful init() may have replaced `instance` with a newer
-    // interface — don't clobber that case.
-    if (instance == this) {
-        instance = nullptr;
-    }
-}
-
 #ifdef ARCH_ESP32
 // ESP32 doesn't use that flag
 #define YIELD_FROM_ISR(x) portYIELD_FROM_ISR()
@@ -136,13 +136,6 @@ class RadioLibInterface : public RadioInterface, protected concurrency::Notified
    RadioLibInterface(LockingArduinoHal *hal, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE cs, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE irq, RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE rst,
                      RADIOLIB_PIN_TYPE busy, PhysicalLayer *iface = NULL);

-    /**
-     * Clear the static `instance` pointer if it still points at us, so callers
-     * that check `RadioLibInterface::instance != nullptr` don't dereference a
-     * freed object after a failed init() + unique_ptr reset.
-     */
-    virtual ~RadioLibInterface();
-
    virtual ErrorCode send(meshtastic_MeshPacket *p) override;

    /**
@@ -11,9 +11,6 @@
 #include "mesh-pb-constants.h"
 #include "meshUtils.h"
 #include "modules/RoutingModule.h"
-#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
-#include "modules/TrafficManagementModule.h"
-#endif
 #if !MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_MQTT
 #include "mqtt/MQTT.h"
 #endif
@@ -98,20 +95,6 @@ bool Router::shouldDecrementHopLimit(const meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
        return true;
    }

-#if HAS_TRAFFIC_MANAGEMENT
-    // When router_preserve_hops is enabled, preserve hops for decoded packets that are not
-    // position or telemetry (those have their own exhaust_hop controls).
-    if (moduleConfig.has_traffic_management && moduleConfig.traffic_management.enabled &&
-        moduleConfig.traffic_management.router_preserve_hops && p->which_payload_variant == meshtastic_MeshPacket_decoded_tag &&
-        p->decoded.portnum != meshtastic_PortNum_POSITION_APP && p->decoded.portnum != meshtastic_PortNum_TELEMETRY_APP) {
-        LOG_DEBUG("Router hop preserved: port=%d from=0x%08x (traffic_management)", p->decoded.portnum, getFrom(p));
-        if (trafficManagementModule) {
-            trafficManagementModule->recordRouterHopPreserved();
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-#endif
-
    // For subsequent hops, check if previous relay is a favorite router
    // Optimized search for favorite routers with matching last byte
    // Check ordering optimized for IoT devices (cheapest checks first)
@@ -499,9 +482,9 @@ DecodeState perhapsDecode(meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
                meshtastic_Data decodedtmp;
                memset(&decodedtmp, 0, sizeof(decodedtmp));
                if (!pb_decode_from_bytes(bytes, rawSize, &meshtastic_Data_msg, &decodedtmp)) {
-                    LOG_DEBUG("Invalid protobufs in received mesh packet id=0x%08x (bad psk?)", p->id);
+                    LOG_ERROR("Invalid protobufs in received mesh packet id=0x%08x (bad psk?)!", p->id);
                } else if (decodedtmp.portnum == meshtastic_PortNum_UNKNOWN_APP) {
-                    LOG_DEBUG("Invalid portnum (bad psk?)");
+                    LOG_ERROR("Invalid portnum (bad psk?)!");
 #if !(MESHTASTIC_EXCLUDE_PKI)
                } else if (!owner.is_licensed && isToUs(p) && decodedtmp.portnum == meshtastic_PortNum_TEXT_MESSAGE_APP) {
                    LOG_WARN("Rejecting legacy DM");
@@ -878,12 +861,6 @@ void Router::perhapsHandleReceived(meshtastic_MeshPacket *p)
        return;
    }

-    if (shouldDropPacketForPreHop(*p)) {
-        logHopStartDrop(*p, "pre-hop drop");
-        packetPool.release(p);
-        return;
-    }
-
    if (shouldFilterReceived(p)) {
        LOG_DEBUG("Incoming msg was filtered from 0x%x", p->from);
        packetPool.release(p);
@@ -245,24 +245,17 @@ template <typename T> bool SX126xInterface<T>::reconfigure()
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        RECORD_CRITICALERROR(meshtastic_CriticalErrorCode_INVALID_RADIO_SETTING);

-    limitPower(SX126X_MAX_POWER);
-    // Make sure we reach the minimum power supported to turn the chip on (-9dBm)
-    if (power < -9)
-        power = -9;
+    if (power > SX126X_MAX_POWER) // This chip has lower power limits than some
+        power = SX126X_MAX_POWER;

    err = lora.setOutputPower(power);
    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
        LOG_ERROR("SX126X setOutputPower %s%d", radioLibErr, err);
    assert(err == RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE);

-    // Apply RX gain mode — valid in STDBY (datasheet §9.6), matches resetAGC() pattern
-    err = lora.setRxBoostedGainMode(config.lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain);
-    if (err != RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE)
-        LOG_WARN("SX126X setRxBoostedGainMode %s%d", radioLibErr, err);
-
    startReceive(); // restart receiving

-    return true;
+    return RADIOLIB_ERR_NONE;
 }

 template <typename T> void SX126xInterface<T>::disableInterrupt()
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More